Structural evaluation of three 2-phenylpyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one monohydrates

Metabolomic analysis of Thai Herbal Analgesic Formula based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Sahatsatara formula (STF), a Thai herbal medicine formula which has been commonly used as analgesic drugs to relieve musculoskeletal pain and numbness in Thai traditional medicine. The pharmacological studies of its ingredients have represented that have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the quality markers (Q-markers) for STF are still unknown and require further investigation. The primary goal of this study was to establish the chemical profile of STF though metabolomic analysis. Untargeted metabolomics were used to analyze global components and accurately qualify compounds. Multivariate analysis (MVA) was used to classify STF extract at three different concentrations and a quality control sample. Furthermore, samples' characteristics and identification-related markers were observed and compounds matched to the Traditional Chinese medicine library in UNIFI software. According to the results, chemical analysis revealed 63 compounds in positive mode and 33 compounds in negative mode within STF. Notably, 19 potential Q-markers were tentative identified in all three concentrations of STF, including alkaloids, terpenes, phenols, organic acids, disaccharides, fatty acids, glycosides, quinonoids, and steroids. The compounds exhibited pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory activity, anti-oxidant activity, and analgesic properties, which correlated to traditional properties of STF. Consequently, this study provides insights into the chemical profiles of the STF and identifies potential markers that can be utilized for qualitative and quantitative quality control of STF. Additionally, the findings can also be useful for further research into STF's anti-inflammatory properties through in vitro assays, as well as exploring its clinical efficacy to support evidence-based medicine for STF.

Novel Pyrazolo[4, 3-c]Quinolin-3-One Derivatives as PDE5A Inhibitors

BACKGROUND

PDE5A is a phosphodiesterase which specifically hydrolyzes the cGMP to GMP. It takes part in several physiological and pathological pathways and is considered an important drug target. Currently, PDE5 inhibitors (ex; Sildenafil, Tadalafil) available in the market are not only being used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction but at the same time, they are also in clinical trials being investigated as anticancer agents.

MATERIALS & METHODS

In this work, we have examined pyrazolo [4,3-c]quinolin-3-ones as PDE5A inhibitors. Pyrazolo [4,3-c]quinolin-3-ones are the class of tricyclic heterocyclic derivatives having a variety of therapeutically interesting drug candidates known for their anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-anxiety and anti-cancer activity. Therefore, synthetic methods providing access to pyrazolo [4, 3-c] quinolin-3-ones are immensely valuable. Here, we are reporting a simple but efficient route for the synthesis of novel 8-morpholino-2-aryl - 2, 5-dihydro-3H-pyrazolo [4, 3-c] quinolin-3-one derivatives.

RESULTS

Further, molecular docking studies of synthesized compounds with human PDE5A protein showed that all the compounds exhibited good docking score in comparison with known inhibitors. In addition, all the synthesized molecules were evaluated against HCT116 cell lines for their antitumor activity.

CONCLUSION

Among all the synthesized compounds, compound 5a, 5d, and 6e showed better cytotoxicity. Thus, these derivatives can be studied as potential inhibitors of PDE5A.

Synthesis and preliminary structure-activity relationship study of 2-aryl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-ones as potential checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitors

The serine-threonine checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) plays a critical role in the cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage. In the last decade, Chk1 inhibitors have emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy to potentiate the anti-tumour efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. In the search for new Chk1 inhibitors, a congeneric series of 2-aryl-2 H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one (PQ) was evaluated by in-vitro and in-silico approaches for the first time. A total of 30 PQ structures were synthesised in good to excellent yields using conventional or microwave heating, highlighting that 14 of them are new chemical entities. Noteworthy, in this preliminary study two compounds 4e₂ and 4h₂ have shown a modest but significant reduction in the basal activity of the Chk1 kinase. Starting from these preliminary results, we have designed the second generation of analogous in this class and further studies are in progress in our laboratories.