Symmetry adapted cluster–configuration interaction calculation of the photoelectron spectra of famous biological active steroids

Electronic structure analysis of riboflavin: OVGF and EOM-CCSD study

The computational simulation of the photoelectron spectrum of active form of vitamin B2 is reported in the gas phase. In this work, we determine relative stability of eight riboflavin conformers by conformational search first with molecular mechanics AMMP potential in VEGA software at 553 K. Relative abundance of conformers was deduced from Boltzmann population weighting method (BPW). The three most stable conformers were then selected for computing valence, vertical ionization energies. We used high-level Equation-of-Motion Coupled-Cluster (EOM-IP-CCSD) method to obtain valence ionization energies (IP). In order to characterize the nature of ionization processes pertaining to different spectral bands, natural bonding orbital (NBO) method and molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) were used to obtain orbital electron densities. The influence of the electronic structure of riboflavin on its biological activity is manifested via reduction of ionization energies of outermost orbitals which makes electron densities of these orbitals more readily available to participate in ligand-receptor bonding.

Electronic Structure of Biotin Conformers Studied with SAC-CI and OVGF Methods

In this work, the study was performed with 37 gas-phase conformers of biotin and two biologically active conformers of biotin in the ligand-receptor complexes with astavidin and streptavidin. The ionization energies and photoelectron spectra of conformers were calculated by two methods: the general-R symmetry-adapted cluster-configuration interaction (general-R-SAC-CI) method and the outer-valence Green's function (OVGF) method. The photoelectron spectrum of each conformer was calculated using basis set D95 (df,pd) for both methods. The simulated photoelectron spectra of free molecules and bioactive conformers calculated by the two methods were compared. Natural bonding orbital (NBO) calculations were also performed for the assignment of ionization bands of each conformer. NBO calculation indicated that the first to five ionization bands correspond to ionizations from orbitals localized in the two rings. The most important point about the ionization of all conformers is that the removal of an electron from the σ-bonding orbital (C-S) takes place above 10.0 eV.

Ionization of vitamin C in gas phase: Theoretical study

In this work, the gas phase ionization energies and photoelectron spectra of four important conformers of vitamin C were calculated. Symmetry adapted cluster/configuration interaction methodology employing the single and double excitation operators (SAC-CI SD-R) along with D95++(d,p) basis set were used for the calculations. Thermochemistry calculations were also performed on all possible conformers of vitamin C to find the relative stability of conformers in the gas phase. The calculated ionization bands of each conformer were assigned by calculating the contribution of natural bonding orbital (NBO) in the calculated canonical molecular orbitals involved in the ionization. SAC-CI calculations showed that the first ionization band of vitamin C is related to the π electrons of CC bond of the ring of molecule although, there is the lone electron pairs of oxygen atoms and π electrons of CO bond in the molecule.

The Knoevenagel reaction of cyanoacetylhydrazine with pregnenolone: Synthesis of thiophene, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine, 1,2,4-triazole, pyran and pyridine derivatives with anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activities

The reaction of pregnenolone with cyanoacetylhydrazine and ammonium acetate at 120°C gave the Knoevenagel condensation product 3. The latter reacted with different reagents to give thiophene, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine, 1,2,4-triazole and pyran derivatives. The anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer evaluations of the newly synthesized products were evaluated and the results showed that compounds 4, 8c, 10, 11, 13c, 15a, 15c, 17a, 17b, 17e, 18a and 18f possessed higher activity compared to the rest of the compounds. In addition to this, the toxicity of these active compounds was studied against shrimp larvae where compounds 15a, 15c and 18a showed non-toxicity against the tested organisms.