New binary and ternary platinum(II) formamidine complexes: Synthesis, characterization, structural studies and in-vitro antitumor activity

New Platinum (II) Ternary Complexes of Formamidine and Pyrophosphate: Synthesis, Characterization and DFT Calculations and In vitro Cytotoxicity

AIM AND OBJECTIVE

Platinum (II) and platinum (IV) of pyrophosphate complexes have been prepared and characterized to discover their potential as antitumor drugs. This study was conducted to prepare and characterize new ternary platinum (II) complexes with formamidine and pyrophosphate as an antitumor candidate.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The complexes have been characterized by mass, infrared, UV-Vis. spectroscopy, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analyses, and theoretical calculations. They have been tested for their cytotoxicity, which was carried out using the fastcolorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival against MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line), HCT- 116 (colon carcinoma cell line), and HepG-2 (hepatocellular cancer cell line).

RESULTS

All complexes are diamagnetic, and the electronic spectral data displayed the bands due to square planar Pt(II) complexes. The optimized complexes structures (1-4) indicated a distorted square planar geometry where O-Pt-O and N-Pt-N bond angles were 82.04°-96.44°, respectively. Results also show that all complexes are neutral, stable and non-hygroscopic and have noticeable cytotoxicity with IC50 (μM): 0.035-0.144 MCF-7(breast cancer cell line), 0.042-0.187 HCT-116 (colon carcinoma cell line), and 0.063-0.168 HepG-2 (hepatocellular cancer cell line). Moreover, the results show that the complex (4) has the best IC50 value.

CONCLUSION

The complexes showed noticeable cytotoxicity and are considered as promising antitumor candidates for further applications.

The synthesis and characterization of Fe2O3@SiO2-SO3H nanofibers as a novel magnetic core-shell catalyst for formamidine and formamide synthesis

Over the past several decades, the fabrication of novel ceramic nanofibers applicable in different areas has been a frequent focus of scientists around the world. Aiming to introduce novel ceramic core-shell nanofibers as a magnetic solid acid catalyst, Fe2O3@SiO2-SO3H magnetic nanofibers were prepared in this study using a modification of Fe2O3@SiO2 core-shell nanofibers with chlorosulfonic acid to increase the acidic properties of these ceramic nanofibers. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The prepared nanofibers were used as catalysts in formamide and formamidine synthesis. The treatment of aqueous formic acid using diverse amines with a catalytic amount of Fe2O3@SiO2-SO3H nanofibers as a reusable, magnetic and heterogeneous catalyst produced high yields of corresponding formamides at room temperature. Likewise, the reaction of diverse amines with triethyl orthoformate led to the synthesis of formamidine derivatives in excellent yields using this novel catalyst. The catalytic system was able to be recovered and reused at least five times without any catalytic activity loss. Thus, novel core-shell nanofibers can act as efficient solid acid catalysts in different organic reactions capable of being reused several times due to their easy separation by applying magnet.

Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxic Activity of 3-Aryl-N-hydroxy-2-(sulfonamido)propanamides in HepG2, HT-1080, KB, and MCF-7 Cells

A new series of (sulfonamido)propanamides (6a1-6a13, 6b1-6b15, 7c1-7c5, 6d1-6d5, 6e1-6e6) was designed and synthesized. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. The target compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), fibrosarcoma (HT-1080), mouth epidermal carcinoma (KB), and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines with the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, with gemcitabine and mitomycin C as positive controls. Most of these compounds exhibit a more potent cytotoxic effect than the positive control group on various cancer cell lines and the most potent compound, 6a7, shows the IC₅₀ values of 29.78±0.516 μm, 30.70±0.61 μm, and 64.89±3.09 μm in HepG2, HT-1080, KB, and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. Thus, these compounds with potent cytotoxic activity have potential for development as new chemotherapy agents.

Synthesis, characterization and biological application of 5-quinoline 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazole based platinum(ii) complexes

Square planar mononuclear platinum(ii) complexes were synthesized in the presence of neutral bidentate heterocyclic (5-quinoline 1,3,5-tri-substituted pyrazole scaffold) ligands and K2PtCl4 salt. The synthesized compounds were characterized by micro-elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, TGA, mass spectrometry and molar conductivity. Their biological activities were investigated by in vitro brine shrimp lethality bioassay, in vitro antimicrobial study against five different pathogens, in vivo cellular level cytotoxicity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells, and in vitro anti-proliferation assay. The binding constant Ksv, Kb, Ka values of the complexes were determined by DNA interaction studies. The gel electrophoresis assay was carried out to examine the effect of the complexes on the DNA nuclease of pUC19 plasmid DNA. The docking energies of the ligands (L1-L5 ) and complexes (I-V) were observed in the range of -265.14 to -284.33 kJ mol-1. The synthesized Pt(ii) complexes (I-V) were screened against the MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and HCT-116 (human colon carcinoma) cancer cell lines.

New dinuclear palladium(ii) complexes with formamidine and bridged pyrophosphate ligands

New dinuclear palladium(ii) complexes with formamidine and bridged pyrophosphate ligands were synthesized and characterized. The complexes are diamagnetic with a distorted square planar geometry. The IC₅₀ values are in the range of 0.036–0.61 μM.