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Yang F, Wu X, Cui H, Ou Z, Jiang S, Cai S, Zhou Q, Wong BG, Huang H, Hong G. A biomineral-inspired approach of synthesizing colloidal persistent phosphors as a multicolor, intravital light source. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo6743. [PMID: 35905189 PMCID: PMC9337768 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo6743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Many in vivo biological techniques, such as fluorescence imaging, photodynamic therapy, and optogenetics, require light delivery into biological tissues. The limited tissue penetration of visible light discourages the use of external light sources and calls for the development of light sources that can be delivered in vivo. A promising material for internal light delivery is persistent phosphors; however, there is a scarcity of materials with strong persistent luminescence of visible light in a stable colloid to facilitate systemic delivery in vivo. Here, we used a bioinspired demineralization (BID) strategy to synthesize stable colloidal solutions of solid-state phosphors in the range of 470 to 650 nm and diameters down to 20 nm. The exceptional brightness of BID-produced colloids enables their utility as multicolor luminescent tags in vivo with favorable biocompatibility. Because of their stable dispersion in water, BID-produced nanophosphors can be delivered systemically, acting as an intravascular colloidal light source to internally excite genetically encoded fluorescent reporters within the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Han Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zihao Ou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sa Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bryce G. Wong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hans Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Kutus B, Dudás C, Friesen S, Peintler G, Pálinkó I, Sipos P, Buchner R. Equilibria and Dynamics of Sodium Citrate Aqueous Solutions: The Hydration of Citrate and Formation of the Na 3Cit 0 Ion Aggregate. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9604-9614. [PMID: 33070612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sodium citrate (Na3Cit) has a crucial role in many biological and industrial processes. Yet, quantitative information on its hydration and the ion association between Na+ and Cit3- ions in a broad range of salt concentrations is still lacking. In this work, we study both ion association equilibria and relaxation dynamics of sodium citrate solutions by combining potentiometry, spectrophotometry, and dielectric spectroscopy. From photometric and potentiometric measurements, we detect the formation of the NaCit2- ion-pair and the neutral Na3Cit0 ion aggregate in a wide range of ionic strengths (0.5-4 M). Due to its remarkable stability, the latter becomes the prevailing species at higher salt concentrations. In the dielectric spectra, we observe the dipolar relaxation of Cit3- and NaCit2- and two solvent-related processes, associated with the collective rearrangement of the H-bond network (cooperative water mode) and the H-bond flip of water molecules (fast water mode). Unlike numerous other salt solutions, the relaxation time of the cooperative mode scales with the viscosity indicating that the strongly hydrated anion fits well into the water network. That is, the stabilizing effect of anion-solvent interactions on the H-bond network outweighs the destructive impact of the cations as the latter are only present at low concentration, due to strong ion association. In conclusion, the affinity of citrate toward Na+ binding not only governs solution equilibria but also has a strong impact on water dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Kutus
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Material and Solution Structure Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csilla Dudás
- Material and Solution Structure Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sergej Friesen
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gábor Peintler
- Material and Solution Structure Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Pálinkó
- Material and Solution Structure Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Pál Sipos
- Material and Solution Structure Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Richard Buchner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Wurm F, Rietzler B, Pham T, Bechtold T. Multivalent Ions as Reactive Crosslinkers for Biopolymers-A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E1840. [PMID: 32316293 PMCID: PMC7221734 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many biopolymers exhibit a strong complexing ability for multivalent ions. Often such ions form ionic bridges between the polymer chains. This leads to the formation of ionic cross linked networks and supermolecular structures, thus promoting the modification of the behavior of solid and gel polymer networks. Sorption of biopolymers on fiber surfaces and interfaces increases substantially in the case of multivalent ions, e.g., calcium being available for ionic crosslinking. Through controlled adsorption and ionic crosslinking surface modification of textile fibers with biopolymers can be achieved, thus altering the characteristics at the interface between fiber and surrounding matrices. A brief introduction on the differences deriving from the biopolymers, as their interaction with other compounds, is given. Functional models are presented and specified by several examples from previous and recent studies. The relevance of ionic crosslinks in biopolymers is discussed by means of selected examples of wider use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wurm
- Research Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, University of Innsbruck, Rundfunkplatz 4, 6850 Dornbirn, Vorarlberg, Austria; (T.P.); (T.B.)
| | - Barbara Rietzler
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre and Polymer Technology/WWSC, Teknikringen 56, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Tung Pham
- Research Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, University of Innsbruck, Rundfunkplatz 4, 6850 Dornbirn, Vorarlberg, Austria; (T.P.); (T.B.)
| | - Thomas Bechtold
- Research Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, University of Innsbruck, Rundfunkplatz 4, 6850 Dornbirn, Vorarlberg, Austria; (T.P.); (T.B.)
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Krukowski S, Karasiewicz M, Kolodziejski W. Convenient UV-spectrophotometric determination of citrates in aqueous solutions with applications in the pharmaceutical analysis of oral electrolyte formulations. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:717-722. [PMID: 28911657 PMCID: PMC9328833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present a convenient method for quantitative spectrophotometric determination of citrate ions in aqueous solutions in the middle-UV range. It involves measuring the absorbance of citric acid at 209 nm under suppressed dissociation at pH < 1.0 in the presence of hydrochloric acid. Validation of the method was performed according to the guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization. A very good linear dependence of the absorbance on concentration (r2 = 0.9999) was obtained in a citrate concentration range of 0.5–5.0 mmol/L. This method is characterized by excellent precision and accuracy; the coefficient of variation in each case is below the maximal permissible value (%RSD < 2). The proposed analytical procedure has been successfully applied to the determination of citrates in oral electrolyte formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Krukowski
- Corresponding author. Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland. E-mail address: (S. Krukowski)
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