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Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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Gentili P, Nardi M, Antignano I, Cambise P, D'Abramo M, D'Acunzo F, Pinna A, Ussia E. 2-(Hydroxyimino)aldehydes: Photo- and Physicochemical Properties of a Versatile Functional Group for Monomer Design. Chemistry 2018. [PMID: 29528510 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the context of our research on stimuli-responsive polymers bearing the 2-(hydroxyimino)aldehyde (HIA) group, we have explored the photochemical behavior and physicochemical properties of a number of HIAs. Interpretation of the experimental data is supported by quantum mechanical calculations. HIAs are expected to undergo photoisomerization, chelate metal ions, yield hydrogen-bonded dimers or oligomers, exhibit relatively low pKa s, and form >C=NO. radicals through OH hydrogen abstraction or oxidation of the oximate ion. Besides the well-established E/Z oxime photoisomerism, we observed a Norrish-Yang cyclization resulting in cyclobutanol oximes, to our knowledge not previously described in the literature. The acidity, bond dissociation enthalpies, and electrochemical properties of the HIAs are compared with literature data of simple oximes. The results are discussed in relation to the many potential applications for HIAs, with emphasis on the synthesis of novel HIA-containing responsive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gentili
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,CNR, Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Martina Nardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,CNR, Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Irene Antignano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Cambise
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco D'Abramo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Acunzo
- CNR, Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ussia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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