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Frei A, Elliott AG, Kan A, Dinh H, Bräse S, Bruce AE, Bruce MR, Chen F, Humaidy D, Jung N, King AP, Lye PG, Maliszewska HK, Mansour AM, Matiadis D, Muñoz MP, Pai TY, Pokhrel S, Sadler PJ, Sagnou M, Taylor M, Wilson JJ, Woods D, Zuegg J, Meyer W, Cain AK, Cooper MA, Blaskovich MAT. Metal Complexes as Antifungals? From a Crowd-Sourced Compound Library to the First In Vivo Experiments. JACS AU 2022; 2:2277-2294. [PMID: 36311838 PMCID: PMC9597602 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There are currently fewer than 10 antifungal drugs in clinical development, but new fungal strains that are resistant to most current antifungals are spreading rapidly across the world. To prevent a second resistance crisis, new classes of antifungal drugs are urgently needed. Metal complexes have proven to be promising candidates for novel antibiotics, but so far, few compounds have been explored for their potential application as antifungal agents. In this work, we report the evaluation of 1039 metal-containing compounds that were screened by the Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery (CO-ADD). We show that 20.9% of all metal compounds tested have antimicrobial activity against two representative Candida and Cryptococcus strains compared with only 1.1% of the >300,000 purely organic molecules tested through CO-ADD. We identified 90 metal compounds (8.7%) that show antifungal activity while not displaying any cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines or hemolytic properties at similar concentrations. The structures of 21 metal complexes that display high antifungal activity (MIC ≤1.25 μM) are discussed and evaluated further against a broad panel of yeasts. Most of these have not been previously tested for antifungal activity. Eleven of these metal complexes were tested for toxicity in the Galleria mellonella moth larva model, revealing that only one compound showed signs of toxicity at the highest injected concentration. Lastly, we demonstrated that the organo-Pt(II) cyclooctadiene complex Pt1 significantly reduces fungal load in an in vivo G. mellonella infection model. These findings showcase that the structural and chemical diversity of metal-based compounds can be an invaluable tool in the development of new drugs against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Frei
- Centre
for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland4072, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alysha G. Elliott
- Centre
for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland4072, Australia
| | - Alex Kan
- Molecular
Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology,
Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Clinical
School, Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, Westmead Hospital-Research
and Education Network, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2145, Australia
| | - Hue Dinh
- School
of Natural Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW2109, Australia
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alice E. Bruce
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Mitchell R. Bruce
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Feng Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Dhirgam Humaidy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Nicole Jung
- Karlsruhe
Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A. Paden King
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York14853, United States
| | - Peter G. Lye
- School
of Science and Technology, University of
New England, Armidale, NSW2351, Australia
| | - Hanna K. Maliszewska
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NorwichNR4 7TJ, U.K.
| | - Ahmed M. Mansour
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza12613, Egypt
| | - Dimitris Matiadis
- Institute
of Biosciences & Applications, National
Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310Athens, Greece
| | - María Paz Muñoz
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NorwichNR4 7TJ, U.K.
| | - Tsung-Yu Pai
- Molecular
Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology,
Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Clinical
School, Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, Westmead Hospital-Research
and Education Network, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2145, Australia
| | - Shyam Pokhrel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Peter J. Sadler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Marina Sagnou
- Institute
of Biosciences & Applications, National
Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310Athens, Greece
| | - Michelle Taylor
- School
of Science and Technology, University of
New England, Armidale, NSW2351, Australia
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York14853, United States
| | - Dean Woods
- School
of Science and Technology, University of
New England, Armidale, NSW2351, Australia
| | - Johannes Zuegg
- Centre
for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland4072, Australia
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Molecular
Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology,
Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Clinical
School, Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, Westmead Hospital-Research
and Education Network, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2145, Australia
| | - Amy K. Cain
- School
of Natural Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW2109, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Cooper
- Centre
for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland4072, Australia
| | - Mark A. T. Blaskovich
- Centre
for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland4072, Australia
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Lin Y, Betts H, Keller S, Cariou K, Gasser G. Recent developments of metal-based compounds against fungal pathogens. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10346-10402. [PMID: 34313264 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00945h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review provides insight into the rapidly expanding field of metal-based antifungal agents. In recent decades, the antibacterial resistance crisis has caused reflection on many aspects of public health where weaknesses in our medicinal arsenal may potentially be present - including in the treatment of fungal infections, particularly in the immunocompromised and those with underlying health conditions where mortality rates can exceed 50%. Combination of organic moieties with known antifungal properties and metal ions can lead to increased bioavailability, uptake and efficacy. Development of such organometallic drugs may alleviate pressure on existing antifungal medications. Prodigious antimicrobial moieties such as azoles, Schiff bases, thiosemicarbazones and others reported herein lend themselves easily to the coordination of a host of metal ions, which can vastly improve the biocidal activity of the parent ligand, thereby extending the library of antifungal drugs available to medical professionals for treatment of an increasing incidence of fungal infections. Overall, this review shows the impressive but somewhat unexploited potential of metal-based compounds to treat fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Harley Betts
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Sarah Keller
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Kevin Cariou
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
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Rocha MVJ, Vilhena FS, Signorelli MRM, de M Carneiro JW, Ramalho TC, Costa LT. Structure and bonding in triorganotin chlorides: a perspective from energy decomposition analysis. J Mol Model 2019; 25:279. [PMID: 31463808 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Sn-Cl chemical bond of four organotin halides (Me3SnCl, Et3SnCl, Bu3SnCl, and Ph3SnCl) was studied by using relativistic density functional theory in combination with a quantitative energy decomposition analysis to explain the formation of charged species. The σ orbital is the dominant contributor to the stabilization of the Sn-Cl bond, and the π-orbital interactions also have a significant contribution to the stabilization of Ph3Sn+ cation when the aromatic groups are bonded to the tin atom. The aromaticity of the phenyl groups delocalizes the positive charge, donating electrons to tin atom by conjugation. Although Me3SnCl and Ph3SnCl are constituted by groups which the size of the substituents is different, the interaction energies obtained with the energy decomposition analysis present similar values, which also occur with the thermodynamic parameters. Graphical abstract Organotin compounds have widely studied as a potential antitumoral agent. The mechanism in triorganotin compounds includes the formation of cation species, R3Sn+. This article studies the influence of the R groups on the rupture of Sn-Cl bond using the fragment analysis and quantitative energy decomposition analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus V J Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil.,Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Campus Universitário, s/n, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Felipe S Vilhena
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Matheus R M Signorelli
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - José W de M Carneiro
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Teodorico C Ramalho
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Campus Universitário, s/n, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Luciano T Costa
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil.
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