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Stępnicki P, Wronikowska-Denysiuk O, Zięba A, Targowska-Duda KM, Bartyzel A, Wróbel MZ, Wróbel TM, Szałaj K, Chodkowski A, Mirecka K, Budzyńska B, Fornal E, Turło J, Castro M, Kaczor AA. Novel multi-target ligands of dopamine and serotonin receptors for the treatment of schizophrenia based on indazole and piperazine scaffolds-synthesis, biological activity, and structural evaluation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2209828. [PMID: 37184096 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2209828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that is not satisfactorily treated with available antipsychotics. The presented study focuses on the search for new antipsychotics by optimising the compound D2AAK3, a multi-target ligand of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), in particular D2, 5-HT1A, and 5-HT2A receptors. Such receptor profile may be beneficial for the treatment of schizophrenia. Compounds 1-16 were designed, synthesised, and subjected to further evaluation. Their affinities for the above-mentioned receptors were assessed in radioligand binding assays and efficacy towards them in functional assays. Compounds 1 and 10, selected based on their receptor profile, were subjected to in vivo tests to evaluate their antipsychotic activity, and effect on memory and anxiety processes. Molecular modelling was performed to investigate the interactions of the studied compounds with D2, 5-HT1A, and 5-HT2A receptors on the molecular level. Finally, X-ray study was conducted for compound 1, which revealed its stable conformation in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Stępnicki
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Olga Wronikowska-Denysiuk
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agata Zięba
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Agata Bartyzel
- Department of General and Coordination Chemistry and Crystallography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Martyna Z Wróbel
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Wróbel
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Klaudia Szałaj
- Department of Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Chodkowski
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Mirecka
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Budzyńska
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Emilia Fornal
- Department of Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Turło
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marián Castro
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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