Structural characterization and cytotoxicity studies of different forms of a combretastatin A4 analogue

In vitro and in vivo activity of a novel oxamide-hydrazone hybrid derivative against triple-negative breast cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer with poor clinical outcome, and currently, no effective targeted therapies are available. Since cancer develops owing to deregulation of apoptosis, employing therapeutic strategies with the ability to target the molecules involved in apoptosis induction would provide a valid approach to hinder tumor progression. Hydrazide-hydrazones and oxamide molecules are the subject of intense studies due to their anticancer effects via apoptosis induction. In the present study, we attempted to elucidate the mechanism of action of a synthesized compound (compound A) in inducing cell death. Annexin/PI and Western blotting analyses, DAPI staining, mitochondrial membrane potential probe, and flow cytometry were applied for the in vitro evaluations. 4T1 syngeneic mouse model and immunohistochemistry were used for the in vivo assessments. Compound A caused cell death by inducing apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells in a mitochondrial-dependent manner at high concentrations after 72 h of incubation. Compound A also impeded tumor growth in a 4T1 syngeneic mouse model as evidenced by hematoxylin and eosin staining of the tumors. Furthermore, it significantly diminished the expression of pro-caspase-3, Ki67, and CD31 markers in the tumor sections. Conclusively, this study for the first time reports the anti-cancer efficacy of compound A in both in vitro and in vivo models and its potential in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.

In vitro results with minimal blood toxicity of a combretastatin A4 analogue

Cancer is a disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth that is responsible for several deaths worldwide. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women and is the leading cause of death. Chemotherapy is the most commonly used treatment for cancer; however, it often causes various side effects in patients. In this study, we evaluate the antineoplastic activity of a parent compound based on a combretastatin A4 analogue. We test the compound at 0.01 mg mL- 1, 0.1 mg mL- 1, 1.0 mg mL- 1, 10.0 mg mL- 1, 100.0 mg mL- 1, and 1,000.0 mg mL- 1. To assess molecular antineoplastic activity, we conduct in vitro tests to determine the viability of Ehrlich cells and the blood mononuclear fraction. We also analyze the cytotoxic behavior of the compound in the blood and blood smear. The results show that the molecule has a promising antineoplastic effect and crucial anticarcinogenic action. The toxicity of blood cells does not show statistically significant changes.

Synthesis and Characterization of Two Novel Naphthalenediimide/Zinc Phosphonate Crystalline Materials Precipitated from Different Solvents

Hybrid naphthalenediimide/zinc phosphonate materials (NDI/Zn) were prepared by mixing solutions of N,N'-bis(2-phosphonoethyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimide (PNDI) and zinc nitrate, resulting in the precipitation of the desired compounds. Samples precipitated from water and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were produced. The obtained samples had the expected elemental composition, and the presence of naphthalenediimides (NDI) was ascertained by infrared and UV-visible spectroscopy. All the samples were crystalline, according to powder X-ray diffraction. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms showed the presence of porosity in the NDI/Zn samples. Mesopores with a diameter = 4.1 nm were present in the sample from DMF, with total pore volume reaching 0.13 cm3/g.

Ferromagnetic coupling in a dicopper(ii) oxamate complex bridged by carboxylate groups

The self-assembly of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)oxamate ligands and copper(ii) ions result in a dinuclear copper complex bridged by carboxylate moieties of the oxamate ligands exhibiting a ferromagnetic coupling.

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel isoquinoline N-sulphonylhydrazones designed as ROCK inhibitors

In this study, we synthesized a new congener series of N-sulphonylhydrazones designed as candidate ROCK inhibitors using the molecular hybridization of the clinically approved drug fasudil (1) and the IKK-β inhibitor LASSBio-1524 (2). Among the synthesized compounds, the N-methylated derivative 11 (LASSBio-2065) showed the best inhibitory profile for both ROCK isoforms, with IC50 values of 3.1 and 3.8 µM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively. Moreover, these compounds were also active in the scratch assay performed in human breast cancer MDA-MB 231 cells and did not display toxicity in MTT and LDH assays. Molecular modelling studies provided insights into the possible binding modes of these N-sulphonylhydrazones, which present a new molecular architecture capable of being optimized and developed as therapeutically useful ROCK inhibitors.

Synthesis, X-ray diffraction study and pharmacological evaluation of 3-amino-4-methylthiophene-2-acylcarbohydrazones

N-acylhydrazone is an interesting privileged structure that has been used in the molecular design of a myriad of bioactive compounds. In order to identify new antinociceptive drug candidates, we described herein the design, synthesis, X-ray diffraction study and the pharmacological evaluation of a series of 3-amino-4-methylthiophene-2-acylcarbohydrazone derivatives (8a-t). Compounds were prepared in good overall yields through divergent synthesis from a common key intermediate and were characterized by classical spectroscopy methods. X-ray diffraction study was employed for unequivocal determination of the imine double bond stereochemistry. 8a-t were evaluated in vivo through oral administration using the classical writhing test in mice. N-acylhydrazone derivatives 8j and 8l displayed relative potency similar to dipyrone, highlighting them as promising analgesic lead-candidates for further investigation.