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Hyun T, Park J, So J, Kim J, Koh DY. Unexpected Molecular Sieving of Xylene Isomer Using Tethered Ligand in Polymer-Metal-Organic Frameworks (polyMOFs). ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402980. [PMID: 38978346 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Promising advances in adsorption technology can lead to energy-efficient solutions in industrial sectors. This work presents precise molecular sieving of xylene isomers in the polymer-metal-oragnic framework (polyMOF), a hybrid porous material derived from the parent isoreticular MOF-1 (IRMOF-1). PolyMOFs are synthesized by polymeric ligands bridged by evenly spaced alkyl chains, showing reduced pore sizes and enhanced stabilities compared to its parent material due to tethered polymer bridge within the pores while maintaining the original rigid crystal lattice. However, the exact configuration of the ligands within the crystals remain unclear, posing hurdles to predicting the adsorption performances of the polyMOFs. This work reveals that the unique pore structure of polyIRMOF-1-7a can discriminate xylene isomers with sub-angstrom size differences, leading to highly selective adsorption of p-xylene over other isomers and alkylbenzenes in complex liquid mixtures (αpX/OM = 15 and αpX/OME = 9). The structural details of the polyIRMOF-1-7a are elucidated through computational studies, suggesting a plausible configuration of alkyl chains within the polyMOF crystal, which enable a record-high p-xylene selectivity and stability in liquid hydrocarbon. With this unprecedented molecular selectivity in MOFs, "polymer-MOF" hybridization is expected to meet rigorous requirements for high-standard molecular sieving through precisely tunable and highly stable pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehoon Hyun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Junkil Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jungseob So
- Environment & Sustainable Resources Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea
| | - Jihan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dong-Yeun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Saudi Aramco-KAIST CO2 Management Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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Kınaytürk NK, Kalaycı T, Tunalı B, Altuğ DT. A spectroscopic approach to compare the quantum chemical calculations and experimental characteristics of some organic molecules; Benzene, Toluene, P-Xylene, P-Toluidine. Chem Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2023.111905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Thompson CJ, Gallagher NB, Hughey KD, Dunlap MK, Myers TL, Johnson TJ. An Interactive Spectral Analysis Tool for Chemical Identification and Quantification of Gas-Phase Species in Complex Spectra. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:557-568. [PMID: 37097834 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231169304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A spectral analysis tool has been developed to interactively identify and quantify individual gas-phase species from complex infrared absorbance spectra obtained from laboratory or field data. The SpecQuant program has an intuitive graphical interface that accommodates both reference and experimental data with varying resolution and instrumental lineshape, as well as algorithms to readily align the wavenumber axis of a sample spectrum with the raster of a reference spectrum. Using a classical least squares model in conjunction with reference spectra such as those from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) gas-phase infrared database or simulated spectra derived from the HITRAN line-by-line database, the mixing ratio of each identified species is determined along with its associated estimation error. After correcting the wavelength and intensity of the field data, SpecQuant displays the calculated mixing ratio versus the experimental data for each analyte along with the residual spectrum with any or all analyte fits subtracted for visual inspection of the fit and residuals. The software performance for multianalyte quantification was demonstrated using moderate resolution (0.5 cm-1) infrared spectra that were collected during the time-resolved infrared photolysis of methyl iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kendall D Hughey
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Megan K Dunlap
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tanya L Myers
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Timothy J Johnson
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
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Begley A, Zenobi R. Discriminating alkylbenzene isomers with tandem mass spectrometry using a dielectric barrier discharge ionization source. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2023; 58:e4910. [PMID: 36849135 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soft ambient ionization sources generate reactive species that interact with analyte molecules to form intact molecular ions, which allows rapid, sensitive, and direct identification of the molecular mass. We used a dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) source with nitrogen at atmospheric pressure to detect alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon isomers (C8 H10 or C9 H12 ). Intact molecular ions [M]•+ were detected at 2.4 kVpp , but at increased voltage (3.4 kVpp ), [M + N]+ ions were formed, which could be used to differentiate regioisomers by collision-induced dissociation (CID). At 2.4 kVpp , alkylbenzene isomers with different alkyl-substituents could be identified by additional product ions: ethylbenzene and -toluene formed [M-2H]+ , isopropylbenzene formed abundant [M-H]+ , and propylbenzene formed abundant C7 H7 + . At an operating voltage of 3.4 kVpp , fragmentation of [M + N]+ by CID led to neutral loss of HCN and CH3 CN, which corresponded to steric hindrance for excited state N-atoms approaching the aromatic ring (C-H). The ratio of HCN to CH3 N loss (interday relative standard deviation [RSD] < 20%) was distinct for ethylbenzene and ethyltoluene isomers. The greater the number of alkyl-substituents (C-CH3 ) and the more sterically hindered (meta > para > ortho) the aromatic core, the greater the loss of CH3 CN relative to HCN was.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Begley
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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Naganandhini SP, Sangeetha T, Arivazhagan G. FTIR SPECTRAL STUDIES OF THE BINARY SOLUTIONS OF ACETONE WITH XYLENE ISOMERS. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476621120106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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New Coordination Polymers of Selected Lanthanides with 1,2-Phenylenediacetate Linker: Structures, Thermal and Luminescence Properties. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14174871. [PMID: 34500958 PMCID: PMC8432708 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Solvothermal reactions of lanthanide (III) salts with 1,2-phenylenediacetic acid in N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent lead to the formation of the metal complexes of the general formula Ln2(1,2-pda)3(DMF)2, where Ln(III) = Pr(1), Sm(2), Eu(3), Tb(4), Dy(5), and Er(6), 1,2-pda = [C6H4(CH2COO)2]2-. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods, thermal analysis methods (TG-DSC and TG-FTIR), infrared and luminescence spectroscopy. They exhibit structural similarity in the two groups (Pr, Sm, and Eu; Tb, Dy, and Er), which was reflected in their thermal behaviours and spectroscopic properties. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that Sm(2) and Eu(3) complexes form 2D coordination polymers with four crystallographically independent metal centers. Every second lanthanide ion is additionally coordinated by two DMF molecules. The 1,2-phenylenediacetate linker shows different denticity being: penta- and hexadentate while carboxylate groups exhibit bidentate-bridging, bidentate-chelating, and three-dentate bridging-chelating modes. The infrared spectra reflect divergence between these two groups of complexes. The complexes of lighter lanthanides contain in the structure coordinated DMF molecules, while in the structures of heavier complexes, DMF molecules appear in the inner and outer coordination sphere. Both carboxylate groups are deprotonated and engaged in the coordination of metal centers but in different ways in such groups of complexes. In the groups, the thermal decomposition of the isostructural complexes occurs similarly. Pyrolysis of complexes takes place with the formation of such gaseous products as DMF, carbon oxides, ortho-xylene, ethers, water, carboxylic acids, and esters. The complexes of Eu and Tb exhibit characteristic luminescence in the VIS region, while the erbium complex emits NIR wavelength.
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Johnson TJ, Hughey KD, Blake TA, Sharpe SW, Myers TL, Sams RL. Confirmation of PNNL Quantitative Infrared Cross-Sections for Isobutane. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3793-3801. [PMID: 33904739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) gas-phase database is a compilation of quantitative experimental (5, 25, and 50 °C) infrared spectra of ca. 500 molecules, designed for in situ, standoff or remote sensing of gases and vapors at or near atmospheric pressure. The data are characterized by calibration on both the wavenumber and intensity axes. Recent papers have called into question the PNNL intensity values for isobutane, [2-methylpropane, HC(CH3)3], suggesting discrepancies of 30-40%. In this study, we remeasure and re-examine the intensity values of isobutane using both similar and alternate methods to those used to generate the original PNNL database spectra. Indirect confirmation from literature data of homologous molecules and direct confirmation from new results confirm that for many band integrals across the isobutane spectrum, the original PNNL data are indeed accurate to within the reported 3% experimental uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Johnson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Kendall D Hughey
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Thomas A Blake
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Steven W Sharpe
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Tanya L Myers
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Robert L Sams
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Perevedentsev A, Francisco-López A, Shi X, Braendle A, Caseri WR, Goñi AR, Campoy-Quiles M. Homoconjugation in Light-Emitting Poly(phenylene methylene)s: Origin and Pressure-Enhanced Photoluminescence. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Perevedentsev
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus of the UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Adrián Francisco-López
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus of the UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xingyuan Shi
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, U.K
| | - Andreas Braendle
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Walter R. Caseri
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alejandro R. Goñi
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus of the UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano Campoy-Quiles
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus of the UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Li H, Pokhrel S, Schowalter M, Rosenauer A, Kiefer J, Mädler L. The gas-phase formation of tin dioxide nanoparticles in single droplet combustion and flame spray pyrolysis. COMBUSTION AND FLAME 2020; 215:389-400. [PMID: 32903291 PMCID: PMC7116032 DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tin dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles synthesized via flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) have promising applications for gas sensors. The formation of SnO2 nanoparticles in the gas-phase has been investigated using single droplet combustion and FSP. Precursor solutions of Tin (II) 2-ethylhexanoate dissolved in Xylene with varying Sn concentrations were selected as the precursor-solvent system. The selected precursor-solvent system has its stability and ability to synthesize homogeneous nanoparticles, compared to metal nitrate based precursor solutions. The precursor-solvent system was studied using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The SnO2 nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Droplet surface micro-explosions were observed during the single droplet combustion of the precursor solutions. It is because of the heterogeneous vapor-phase nucleation, which is beneath the liquid droplet surface and caused by precursor thermal decomposition. The results show that the size of nanoparticles obtained both from FSP and single droplet combustion increases with increasing metal-precursor concentration. The TEM images of the particles from such droplet combustion reveal two types of nanoparticles with different sizes and morphologies. The current work provides fundamental understanding of precursor decomposition and particle formation during single droplet combustion, which help in-depth understanding of the flame spray pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Li
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Badgasteiner Straße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Straße 3, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Suman Pokhrel
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Badgasteiner Straße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Straße 3, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Marco Schowalter
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Electron Microscopy, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenauer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Electron Microscopy, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kiefer
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Badgasteiner Straße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Technische Thermodynamik, University of Bremen, Badgasteiner Straße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Badgasteiner Straße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Straße 3, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Corresponding author at: Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Straße 3, 28359, Bremen, Germany. (L. Mädler)
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Chen W, Guo T, Kapoor Y, Russell C, Juyal P, Yen A, Hartman RL. An automated microfluidic system for the investigation of asphaltene deposition and dissolution in porous media. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:3628-3640. [PMID: 31517362 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00671k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Asphaltenes, among the most complex components of crude oil, vary in their molecular structure, composition, and self-assembly in porous media. This complexity makes them challenging in laboratory characterization methods. In the present work, a novel microfluidic device was designed to access in situ transient, high-fidelity information on asphaltene deposition and dissolution within porous media. The automated microfluidic device features three independent 4.5 μL packed-bed microreactors on the same chip. The deposition of asphaltenes was investigated at five different temperatures (ranging from 25-65 °C) in addition to dissociation with xylenes. Our findings demonstrate a decrease in the dispersity of asphaltene nanoaggregates in the porous media when the deposition temperature is increased. Furthermore, the direct quantification of the dissociation solvent was made possible by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The average occupancy of xylenes and xylene-free porous media (or unrecognized sites) was estimated to be 0.41 and 0.66, respectively. It was observed that asphaltenes deposited at higher deposition temperatures are more difficult to dissociate by xylenes than those deposited at lower temperatures. In order to develop efficient remediation treatments in energy production operations, the convoluted behaviours of asphaltenes in porous media must be understood on a molecular level. Automated microfluidic systems have the potential to streamline treatment designs, improve their efficiency, and enable the design of green chemistry in conventional energy production operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Tony Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Yogesh Kapoor
- Anadarko Petroleum Corporation, The Woodlands, TX 77380, USA
| | | | - Priyanka Juyal
- Nalco Champion, An Ecolab Company, Sugar Land, TX 77478, USA
| | - Andrew Yen
- Nalco Champion, An Ecolab Company, Sugar Land, TX 77478, USA
| | - Ryan L Hartman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
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Molecular dynamic simulations, ALIE surface, Fukui functions geometrical, molecular docking and vibrational spectra studies of tetra chloro p and m -xylene. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Salter TL, Stubbing JW, Brigham L, Brown WA. A TPD and RAIRS comparison of the low temperature surface behavior of benzene, toluene, and xylene on graphite. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:164705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5051134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tara L. Salter
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - James W. Stubbing
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna Brigham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy A. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
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Beiswenger TN, Gallagher NB, Myers TL, Szecsody JE, Tonkyn RG, Su YF, Sweet LE, Lewallen TA, Johnson TJ. Identification of Uranium Minerals in Natural U-Bearing Rocks Using Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 72:209-224. [PMID: 29282991 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817743265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The identification of minerals, including uranium-bearing species, is often a labor-intensive process using X-ray diffraction (XRD), fluorescence, or other solid-phase or wet chemical techniques. While handheld XRD and fluorescence instruments can aid in field applications, handheld infrared (IR) reflectance spectrometers can now also be used in industrial or field environments, with rapid, nondestructive identification possible via analysis of the solid's reflectance spectrum providing information not found in other techniques. In this paper, we report the use of laboratory methods that measure the IR hemispherical reflectance of solids using an integrating sphere and have applied it to the identification of mineral mixtures (i.e., rocks), with widely varying percentages of uranium mineral content. We then apply classical least squares (CLS) and multivariate curve resolution (MCR) methods to better discriminate the minerals (along with two pure uranium chemicals U3O8 and UO2) against many common natural and anthropogenic background materials (e.g., silica sand, asphalt, calcite, K-feldspar) with good success. Ground truth as to mineral content was attained primarily by XRD. Identification is facile and specific, both for samples that are pure or are partially composed of uranium (e.g., boltwoodite, tyuyamunite, etc.) or non-uranium minerals. The characteristic IR bands generate unique (or class-specific) bands, typically arising from similar chemical moieties or functional groups in the minerals: uranyls, phosphates, silicates, etc. In some cases, the chemical groups that provide spectral discrimination in the longwave IR reflectance by generating upward-going (reststrahlen) bands can provide discrimination in the midwave and shortwave IR via downward-going absorption features, i.e., weaker overtone or combination bands arising from the same chemical moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tanya L Myers
- 1 6865 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA, USA
| | - James E Szecsody
- 1 6865 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA, USA
| | - Russell G Tonkyn
- 1 6865 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA, USA
| | - Yin-Fong Su
- 1 6865 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA, USA
| | - Lucas E Sweet
- 1 6865 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA, USA
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