1
|
Ahmed K, Choudhary MI, Saleem RSZ. Heterocyclic pyrimidine derivatives as promising antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115701. [PMID: 37591149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health concern. The quest to understand the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance needs to be accompanied by an expanded arsenal of drugs. This calls for the development of new compounds with anti-bacterial properties. The ease of functionalization of the pyrimidine core, to produce structurally distinct compound libraries, has made pyrimidine a privileged structure for identifying anti-bacterial hits. The activity of pyrimidine derivatives can be attributed to the various subunits linked with the main core, especially at C-2 or C-4 or C-6. Particularly, presence of NH2 attached to C-2 of the pyrimidine nucleus has been shown to enhance the anti-bacterial activity against pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The diversity of synthetic routes used for the synthesis of such compounds, the reported biological activities, and a growing need to develop novel anti-bacterial agents warrant a review that presents recent reports on the synthesis and anti-bacterial activities of pyrimidine-containing compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBASSE, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Sector-U, DHA, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBASSE, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Sector-U, DHA, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raju R, Chidambaram K, Chandrasekaran B, Maity TK. Synthesis, Pharmacological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of New Isatin Hybrids as Potential Anticancer Agents. Pharm Chem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-023-02803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
3
|
Raju R, Chidambaram K, Chandrasekaran B, Bayan MF, Kumar Maity T, Alkahtani AM, Chandramoorthy HC. Synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and molecular modeling studies of novel isatin hybrids as potential anticancer agents. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2023.101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
4
|
Nadar S, Khan T. Pyrimidine: An elite heterocyclic leitmotif in drug discovery-synthesis and biological activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:818-842. [PMID: 34914188 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds bearing the pyrimidine core are of tremendous interest as they constitute an important class of natural and synthetic compounds exhibiting diverse useful biological activities that hold attractive potential for clinical translation as therapeutic agents in alleviation of a myriad of diseases. Heterocycles possessing a pyrimidine scaffold have piqued tremendous interest of organic and medicinal chemists owing to their privileged bioactivities. Drugs having the pyrimidine motif have manifested to exhibit gratifying biological activity like anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities. This heterocycle, being a significant endogenous component of the body, the pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. The landscape of FDA approved drugs, presently marketed incorporating the pyrimidine scaffold continues to evolve in number and diversity. There is a tremendous surge in discovery of new targets across many diseases especially those involving emerging resistance to clinically used battery of drugs. Pyrimidine scaffolds will continue to be explored expanding their chemical space portfolio in an effort to find novel drugs impacting these targets. This review aims to provide an elaborate recapitulation of the recent trends adopted to synthesize propitious pyrimidine incorporated hits and also focuses on the clinical significance reported for functionalized pyrimidine analogues that would quintessentially aid medicinal chemists for new research explorations in this arena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahaya Nadar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ibrahim MH, El Menofy NG, El Kiki SM, Sherbiny FF, Ismail MMF. Development of fluorinated nicotinonitriles and fused candidates as antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and enzyme inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200040. [PMID: 35411641 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial assessments of two new series of nicotinonitriles and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines were performed using amoxicillin and nystatin as reference standards. Outstanding antifungal activities were achieved by some target compounds; for instance, compounds 7 and 9 displayed a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1.95 µg/ml toward Candida albicans, compound 11 showed a potent anti-Rhizopus effect (MIC 1.95 µg/ml) and compound 14 elicited remarkable antifungal effects against both Aspergillis niger and C. albicans (MIC 1.95 µg/ml). However, pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 12, 14, and 16 showed moderate antibacterial activities against some gram-negative bacteria. The antibiofilm results of these compounds against resistant strains of Proteus mirabilis were better than those of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Docking studies of these hits at the DNA gyrase active site revealed affinity and docking scores comparable to that of the reference standards. Gyrase-inhibitory activities revealed that 14 (IC50 = 0.31 µM) is the most potent hit as DNA gyrase A inhibitor; it exhibited 1.66-fold the activity of ciprofloxacin (IC50 = 0.50 µM) and it was a 44.3 times more potent gyrase B inhibitor (IC50 = 0.04 µM) than novobiocin (IC50 = 1.77 µM). Regarding its antifungal activity, it displayed 0.78% of the fluconazole activity as a 14α-demethylase inhibitor. The cytotoxicity of 12, 14, and 16 on human diploid lung fibroblasts (WI38 cells) ensured their safety. Moreover, they are orally bioavailable with no permeation of the blood-brain barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwan G El Menofy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen M El Kiki
- Department of Health Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Farag F Sherbiny
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda M F Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martinho LA, Andrade CKZ. A greener approach for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3‐
d
]pyrimidine derivatives in glycerol under microwave heating. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luan A. Martinho
- Instituto de Química, Laboratório de Química Metodológica e Orgânica Sintética (LaQMOS), Universidade de Brasília
| | - Carlos Kleber Z. Andrade
- Instituto de Química, Laboratório de Química Metodológica e Orgânica Sintética (LaQMOS), Universidade de Brasília
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ethnomedicinal Studies, Chemical Composition, and Antibacterial Activity of the Mammea americana L. Bark in the Municipality of Cértegui, Chocó, Colombia. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2022; 2022:9950625. [PMID: 35098134 PMCID: PMC8791731 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9950625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammea americana L. is a plant with diverse medicinal uses in the municipality of Cértegui, Chocó, Colombia. This research characterized the ethnomedicinal, chemical, and antibacterial activities of the bark of Mammea americana. Through interviews and semistructured surveys with the community, its ethnomedicinal uses were determined. Compounds present in the bark extract were identified and quantified by gas chromatography-coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and a qualitative analysis was performed by preliminary phytochemistry. Antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were carried out by agar diffusion and dilution methods, respectively, using ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Ethnomedical data showed that the bark is used to treat 14 conditions, the most representative being gallstones, prostate inflammation, and malaria. Preliminary phytochemical analyses showed the existence of several secondary metabolites such as tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes and/or steroids, quinones, and saponins. A total of 29 compounds were identified; the most abundant were ethyl 5-oxo-4-(p-toluidine)-2,5-dihydro-3-furancarboxylate, phenol, 4,4′,4″-ethylidynetris, nerolidol, 19-hydroxy-13-epimanoyl oxide, α-elemene, and δ-cadinene. The results showed remarkable antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract (20 mg/ml) against Staphylococcus aureus (22.6 mm) and Escherichia coli (19.6 mm) and of the crude water extract (20 mg/ml) against Staphylococcus aureus (18.5 mm) and Escherichia coli (12.4 mm). The strongest MIC was for the ethanolic extract with values of 0.357 and 0.897 mg/ml against S. aureus and E. coli strains, respectively, while in the aqueous extract, S. aureus (3.99 mg/ml) and E. coli (4.3 mg/ml) were recorded. It is assumed that the compounds identified in this study could be responsible for the antibacterial activity of the species, as well as the relationship of the identified compounds and metabolites with the ethnomedical uses given by the community, providing a scientific and traditional basis for its different traditional medical uses.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hassan EA, Zayed SE, Mahdy AHS, Abo-Bakr AM. An efficient protocol for the synthesis of new camphor pyrimidine and camphor thiazole derivatives using conventional and microwave irradiation techniques and in vitro evaluation as potential antimicrobial agents. Curr Org Synth 2022; 19:COS-EPUB-119939. [PMID: 34983349 DOI: 10.2174/1570179419666220104125340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A series of new pyrimidines and thiazoles containing camphor moiety were synthesized under both conventional and microwave irradiation techniques. METHODS The condensation of camphor either with aminoguanidine or thiosemicarbazide gives the camphor hydrazine carboximidiamide 2 and the camphor thiosemicarbazone 3, respectively. Refluxing of 3 with chloroacetonitrile afforded the camphor thiazol-4-imine 4. Compounds 2 and 4 were used as precursors for the synthesis of target products. RESULTS The reaction of 2 with different species such as arylidene malononitrile, acetylacetone, and ethyl acetoacetate gave the corresponding camphor pyrimidine derivatives 5a,b-7 while refluxing of compound 4 with different reagents e.g. aldehydes, isatin, ninhydrin, acetic anhydride, benzene sulphonyl chloride, and p-nitro-benzoyl chloride afforded the camphor thiazole derivatives 8a-d-13, respectively. CONCLUSION A comparison between the conventional way and the eco-friendly microwave irradiation method occurred in the synthesis of the same compounds, which the latter was more efficient. The elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Mass spectra confirm the structures of the obtained new compounds. The potential use of some selected derivatives as antimicrobial agents was investigated and gave promising results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Entesar A Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523 Egypt
| | - Salem E Zayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523 Egypt
| | - Al-Hassan S Mahdy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abo-Bakr
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
A new Schiff base containing 5-FU and its metal Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and biological activities. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
10
|
Qin J, Li Z, Cao Y, Xie Y, Su W. A Site‐Selective C−N Bond Formation of 2,4‐Dichloro‐5
H
‐pyrano[2,3‐
d
]pyrimidines and Amide. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Yingyan Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Weike Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Karunanidhi S, Chandrasekaran B, Karpoormath R, Patel HM, Kayamba F, Merugu SR, Kumar V, Dhawan S, Kushwaha B, Mahlalela MC. Novel thiomorpholine tethered isatin hydrazones as potential inhibitors of resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105133. [PMID: 34329993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Novel chemotherapeutic agents against multidrug resistant-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are urgently needed at this juncture to save the life of TB-infected patients. In this work, we have synthesized and characterized novel isatin hydrazones 4(a-o) and their thiomorpholine tethered analogues 5(a-o). All the synthesized compounds were initially screened for their anti-mycobacterial activity against the H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) under level-I testing. Remarkably, five compounds 4f, 4h, 4n, 5f and 5m (IC50 = 1.9 µM to 9.8 µM) were found to be most active, with 4f (IC50 = 1.9 µM) indicating highest inhibition of H37Rv. These compounds were further evaluated at level-II testing against the five drug-resistant strains such as isoniazid-resistant strains (INH-R1 and INH-R2), rifampicin-resistant strains (RIF-R1 and RIF-R2) and fluoroquinolone-resistant strain (FQ-R1) of MTB. Interestingly, 4f and 5f emerged as the most potent compounds with IC50 of 3.6 µM and 1.9 µM against RIF-R1 MTB strain, followed by INH-R1 MTB strain with IC50 of 3.5 µM and 3.4 µM, respectively. Against FQ-R1 MTB strain, the lead compounds 4f and 5f displayed excellent inhibition at IC50 5.9 µM and 4.9 µM, respectively indicating broad-spectrum of activity. Further, molecular docking, ADME pharmacokinetic and molecular dynamics simulations of the compounds were performed against the DNA gyrase B and obtained encouraging results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivanandhan Karunanidhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Balakumar Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Harun M Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa; R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur (Dhule) 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Francis Kayamba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Srinivas Reddy Merugu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Babita Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mavela Cleopus Mahlalela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban 4000, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mohamed Teleb MA, Mekky AEM, Sanad SMH. 3‐Aminothieno
[2,3‐
b
]pyridine‐2‐carboxylate: Effective precursor for microwave‐assisted three components synthesis of new pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2‐
d
]pyrimidin‐4(
3
H
)‐one hybrids. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed E. M. Mekky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gawad J, Bonde C. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 6-(trifluoromethyl)-N-(4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)quinazoline-2-carboxamide derivatives as a potential DprE1 inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Khalaj M, Mousavi‐Safavi SM, Farahani N, Lipkowski J. MgO nanopowders catalyzed synthesis of pyrano[4,3‐d]thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidine derivatives. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khalaj
- Department of Chemistry, Buinzahra Branch Islamic Azad University Buinzahra Iran
| | | | - Nasrin Farahani
- Department of Chemistry, Buinzahra Branch Islamic Azad University Buinzahra Iran
| | - Janusz Lipkowski
- Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw Woycickiego 1/3, 01‐238 Warsaw Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shaikh MS, Chandrasekaran B, Palkar MB, Kanhed AM, Kajee A, Mlisana KP, Singh P, Ghai M, Cleopus Mahlalela M, Karpoormath R. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Carbazole Hybrids as Promising Antimicrobial Agents. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900550. [PMID: 32149467 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two series of carbazole analogs of 8-methoxy-N-substituted-9H-carbazole-3-carboxamides (series 1) and carbazolyl substituted rhodanines (series 2) were synthesized through facile synthetic routes. All the final compounds from these two series were evaluated for their preliminary in vitro antifungal and antibacterial activity against four fungal (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus tropicalis and Aspergillus niger) and four bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) strains, respectively. Among the tested compounds, three compounds of series 1 displayed promising antifungal and antibacterial activity, especially against C. neoformans and S. aureus. In addition, one compound of series 1 displayed notable antimicrobial activity (MIC: 6.25 μg/mL) against clinical isolates of C. albicans and C. neoformans (MIC: 12.5 μg/mL). From the second series, four compounds exhibited significant antifungal and antibacterial activity, especially against C. neoformans and S. aureus. The most active compound of series 2 displayed a prominent antimicrobial activity against C. neoformans (MIC: 3.125 μg/mL) and S. aureus (MIC: 1.56 μg/mL), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahamadhanif S Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Balakumar Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University-Jordan, P.O. Box 1, Philadelphia University-19392, Jordan
| | - Mahesh B Palkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Ashish M Kanhed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Afsana Kajee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa.,Department of Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital Academic Complex, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4091, South Africa
| | - Koleka P Mlisana
- Department of Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital Academic Complex, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4091, South Africa
| | - Parvesh Singh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Physics, College of Agriculture, Science and Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Meenu Ghai
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Science and Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Mavela Cleopus Mahlalela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Khazir J, Mir BA, Chashoo G, Maqbool T, Riley D, Pilcher L. Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of acetamide and hydrazine analogues of pyrimidine. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jabeena Khazir
- Department of ChemistryGovernment Degree College (Boys), Pulwama Pulwama Jammu and Kashmir India
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of BotanySatellite Campus Kargil University of Kashmir Kargil (Ladakh) Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Gousia Chashoo
- Cancer Pharmacology DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Tariq Maqbool
- Department of NanotechnologyUniversity of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Darren Riley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Lynne Pilcher
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Anticancer activities of various new metal complexes prepared from a Schiff base on A549 cell line. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
18
|
Gümüş M, Sert Y, Yalkın A, Gökce H, Koca İ. Synthesis, Experimental and Theoretical Characterization of Novel Pyrimidine‐5‐Carboxamides. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gümüş
- Akdağmadeni Health CollegeYozgat Bozok University, Yozgat TURKEY
| | - Yusuf Sert
- Sorgun Vocational SchoolYozgat Bozok University, 66700 Yozgat Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yalkın
- Mezitli District National Education Directorate, Mersin TURKEY
| | - Halil Gökce
- Vocational School of Health ServicesGiresun University, 28200 Giresun Turkey
| | - İrfan Koca
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Art & Sciences, Yozgat Bozok University, 66200Yozgat TURKEY
| |
Collapse
|