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Figueirêdo PDMS, Sampaio Filho JC, Sodré ADJS, de Castro Júnior JR, Gonçalves IS, Blasques RV, S Correa R, Lima BAV, Dos Anjos Marques L, Coutinho DF, de Azevedo Dos Santos APS, Luz TRSA, de Miranda RDCM, Dos Santos JRA, Doriguetto AC, Pividori MI, Hörner M, Villis PCM. Assessment of the biological potential of diaryltriazene-derived triazene compounds. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2541. [PMID: 33510223 PMCID: PMC7844262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, novel, 1,3-diaryltriazene-derived triazene compounds were synthesized and tested. Triazenes are versatile and belong to a group of alkylating agents with interesting physicochemical properties and proven biological activities. This study describes the synthesis, molecular and crystalline structure, biological activity evaluation, and antifungal and antimicrobial potentials of 1,3-bis(X-methoxy-Y-nitrophenyl)triazenes [X = 2 and 5; Y = 4 and 5]. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the compounds were tested by evaluating the sensitivity of bacteria (American Type Culture Collection, ATCC) and clinical isolates to their solutions using standardized microbiological assays, cytotoxicity evaluation, and ecotoxicity tests. The antimicrobial potentials of triazenes were determined according to their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs); these compounds were active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with low MIC values. The most surprising result was obtained for T3 having the effective MIC of 9.937 µg/mL and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 90028, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, and C. tropicallis IC. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report promising activities of triazene compounds against yeast and filamentous fungi. The results showed the potential utility of triazenes as agents affecting selected resistant bacterial and fungal strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Costa Sampaio Filho
- Electrochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory (EBL), University of CEUMA (UNICEUMA), São Luís, MA, 65.065-470, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ingrid Santos Gonçalves
- Electrochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory (EBL), University of CEUMA (UNICEUMA), São Luís, MA, 65.065-470, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Vieira Blasques
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics, and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13.600-970, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Correa
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas (ICEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, 35.400-000, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Dos Anjos Marques
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Clínica, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, MA, 65.080-040, Brazil
| | - Denise Fernandes Coutinho
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, MA, 65.080-040, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - María Isabel Pividori
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Manfredo Hörner
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97.110-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Mendes Villis
- Electrochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory (EBL), University of CEUMA (UNICEUMA), São Luís, MA, 65.065-470, Brazil.
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3
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Preusser S, Kalden D, Wendler F, Schönherr PRW, Görls H, Westerhausen M, Imhof W. Mechanistic investigations on C–H activated dealkylating cyclo-amination reactions of substituted triazenes, formamidines and amidines. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2020-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Catalytic dealkylating cycloamination reactions of N
1-methylated-N
1,N
3-diarylated triazenes proceed via two subsequent oxidative addition reactions, regioselectivity producing benzotriazoles by C–H and C–Br activation steps. Whereas palladium-based catalysis in the presence of dealkylating reagents and directing phosphane ligands leads to high yields, the homologous metals nickel and platinum as well as other 3d transition metals show only poor catalytic activity in similar procedures. Starting compounds have been widely varied to introduce potentially competing reaction sites and to investigate the reaction mechanism of the catalytic cyclization reactions. Yields of the benzotriazole synthesis strongly depend on the electronic and steric properties of the directing phosphane ligands, the nature of the dealkylating bases and the substitution pattern in 2- and 4-position of the aryl groups of the starting triazenes. In order to clarify the role of the catalyst, palladium-based intermediates were identified. Finally, formamidines and bulky amidines were tested in related C–H activated dealkylating cycloamination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Preusser
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Humboldtstraße 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Diana Kalden
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Humboldtstraße 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Felix Wendler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Humboldtstraße 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Paul R. W. Schönherr
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Humboldtstraße 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Humboldtstraße 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Humboldtstraße 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Imhof
- Institute of Integrated Natural Sciences , University Koblenz – Landau , Universitätsstraße 1 , D-56070 Koblenz , Germany
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