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Bian ZY, Li PX, Feng XY, Zhou YR, Cheng FY, Dong WX, Xiang P, Tang JJ. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazolylacetophenone oxime derivatives as novel brain-penetrant agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 278:116794. [PMID: 39226707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD, also known as dementia) has become a serious global health problem along with population aging, and neuroinflammation is the underlying cause of cognitive impairment in the brain. Nowadays, the development of multitarget anti-AD drugs is considered to be one effective approach. Imidazolylacetophenone oxime ethers or esters (IOEs) were multifunctional agents with neuroinflammation inhibition, metal chelation, antioxidant and neuroprotection properties against Alzheimer's disease. In this study, IOEs derivatives 1-8 were obtained by structural modifications of the oxime and imidazole groups, and the SARs showed that (Z)-oxime ether (derivative 2) had stronger anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective ability than (E)-congener. Then, IOEs derivatives 9-30 were synthesized based on target-directed ligands and activity-based groups hybridization strategy. In vitro anti-AD activity screening revealed that some derivatives exhibited potentially multifunctional effects, among which derivative 28 exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity on NO production with EC50 value of 0.49 μM, and had neuroprotective effects on 6-OHDA-induced cell damage and RSL3-induced ferroptosis. The anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism showed that 28 could inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory factors PGE2 and TNF-α, down-regulate the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins, and promote the polarization of BV-2 cells from pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. In addition, 28 can dose-dependently inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Aβ42 aggregation. Moreover, the selected nuclide [18F]-labeled 28 was synthesized to explore its biodistribution by micro-PET/CT, of which 28 can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These results shed light on the potential of 28 as a new multifunctional candidate for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yuan Bian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Peng-Xiao Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xu-Yao Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yi-Ran Zhou
- Sendelta International Academy Shenzhen H3C1, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Fei-Yue Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wei-Xuan Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Jiang-Jiang Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen Virtual University Park Building, High-TechIndustrial Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
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Imidazolylacetophenone oxime-based multifunctional neuroprotective agents: Discovery and structure-activity relationships. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 228:114031. [PMID: 34875520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) possesses a complex pathogenetic mechanism. Nowadays, multitarget agents are considered to have potential in effectively treating AD via triggering molecules in functionally complementary pathways at the same time. Here, based on the screening (∼1400 compounds) against neuroinflammation, an imidazolylacetophenone oxime ether (IOE) was discovered as a novel hit. In order to obtain SARs, a series of imidazolylacetophenone oxime derivatives were constructed, and their C=N bonds were confirmed as the Z configuration by single crystals. These derivatives exhibited potential multifunctional neuroprotective effects including anti-neuroinflammatory, antioxidative damage, metal-chelating, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) properties. Among these derivatives, compound 12i displayed the most potent inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production with EC50 value of 0.57 μM 12i can dose-dependently suppress the expression of iNOS and COX-2 but not change the expression of HO-1 protein. Moreover, 12i exhibited evidently neuroprotective effects on H2O2-induced PC12 cells damage and ferroptosis without cytotoxicity at 10 μM, as well as selectively metal chelating properties via chelating Cu2+. In addition, 12i showed a mixed-type inhibitory effect on AChE in vitro. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) analysis indicated that dioxolane groups on benzene ring and rigid oxime ester can improve the activity. Parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) also verified that 12i can overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Overall, this is the first report on imidazolylacetophenone oxime-based multifunctional neuroprotective effects, suggesting that this type of compounds might be novel multifunctional agents against AD.
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Liu Y, Qi X, Zhang W, Yin P, Cai Z, Zhang Q. Construction of Bicyclic 1,2,3-Triazine N-Oxides from Aminocyanides. Org Lett 2021; 23:734-738. [PMID: 33320687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using a facile and cost-effective method, nine bicyclic 1,2,3-triazine 2-oxides were synthesized from o-aminocyanide substrates through an unusual nitration cyclization. The reaction mechanism was studied experimentally and theoretically. Moreover, nine 1,2,3-triazine 3-oxides were also obtained in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Liu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Xiujuan Qi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Wenquan Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Ping Yin
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ziwu Cai
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
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