Effect of dual-beam laser radiation for synthetic SnO2/Au nanoalloy for antibacterial activity

Deploying Gold Nanomaterials in Combating Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria

Antibiotic resistance has become a serious threat to human health due to the overuse of antibiotics. Different antibiotics are being developed to treat resistant bacteria, but the development cycle of antibiotics is hard to keep up with the high incidence of antibiotic resistance. Recent advances in antimicrobial nanomaterials have made nanotechnology a powerful solution to this dilemma. Among these nanomaterials, gold nanomaterials have excellent antibacterial efficacy and biosafety, making them alternatives to antibiotics. This review presents strategies that use gold nanomaterials to combat drug-resistant bacteria. We focus on the influence of physicochemical factors such as surface chemistry, size, and shape of gold nanomaterials on their antimicrobial properties and describe the antimicrobial applications of gold nanomaterials in medical devices. Finally, the existing challenges and future directions are discussed.

Tin oxide based nanostructured materials: synthesis and potential applications

In view of their inimitable characteristics and properties, SnO₂ nanomaterials and nanocomposites have been used not only in the field of diverse advanced catalytic technologies and sensors but also in the field of energy storage such as lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, and in the field of energy production such as solar cells and water splitting. This review discusses the various synthesis techniques such as traditional methods, including processes like thermal decomposition, chemical vapor deposition, electrospinning, sol-gel, hydrothermal, solvothermal, and template-mediated methods and green methods, which include synthesis through plant-mediated, microbe-mediated, and biomolecule-mediated processes. Moreover, the advantages and limitations of these synthesis procedures and how to overcome them that would lead to future research are also discussed. This literature also focuses on various applications such as environmental remediation, energy production, energy storage, and removal of biological contaminants. Therefore, the rise and journey of SnO₂-based nanocomposites will motivate the modern generation of chemists to modify and design robust nanoparticles and nanocomposites that can effectively tackle significant environmental challenges. This overview concludes by providing future perspectives on research into tin oxide in synthesis and its various applications.

State of the Art in Gold Nanoparticle Synthesisation via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid and Its Characterisation for Molecular Imaging: A Review

With recent advances in nanotechnology, various nanomaterials have been used as drug carriers in molecular imaging for the treatment of cancer. The unique physiochemical properties and biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles have developed a breakthrough in molecular imaging, which allows exploration of gold nanoparticles in drug delivery for diagnostic purpose. The conventional gold nanoparticles synthetisation methods have limitations with chemical contaminations during the synthesisation process and the use of higher energy. Thus, various innovative approaches in gold nanoparticles synthetisation are under development. Recently, studies have been focused on the development of eco-friendly, non-toxic, cost-effective and simple gold nanoparticle synthesisation. The pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique is a versatile synthetic and convincing technique due to its high efficiency, eco-friendly and facile method to produce gold nanoparticle. Therefore, this study aimed to review the eco-friendly gold nanoparticle synthesisation method via the PLAL method and to characterise the gold nanoparticles properties for molecular imaging. This review paper provides new insight to understand the PLAL technique in producing gold nanoparticles and the PLAL parameters that affect gold nanoparticle properties to meet the desired needs in molecular imaging.

Multifunctional leather surface embedded with zinc oxide nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation method

A simple procedure was used to generate and decorate leather structures with different amounts from zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles to produce multifunctional leather structure by pulsed laser ablation method in liquid media based on changing the ablation time in just one-pot method. The impact of varying concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles embedded on the surface of leather on water resistance, water vapor permeability, mechanical characteristics, and UV-shielding efficiency was examined by different characterization techniques like X-ray diffraction, surface area, UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the combination between the external functional groups of leather with ZnO nanoparticles was discovered. ZnO nanoparticles effectively coated the surface of leather tissue, as seen by SEM images, and their form a spherical morphology. Leather with ZnO nanoparticles added had the highest capacity to kill Escherichia coli bacteria, exceeding leather without modification and ZnO nanoparticles alone in 50-hr incubation. In addition, the incubation period had a substantial impact on the suppression of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria growth by leather samples.

Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles-Decorated CNTs via Laser Ablation Method for the Enhancement the Photocatalytic Removal of Naphthalene from Water

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were decorated with different amounts on the exterior walls of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by a laser ablation assisted method, especially in liquid media to be applied as a good adsorption material against naphthalene. The laser ablation time was controlled the amount of decoration Ag NPs on CNTs. The prepared nanocomposite was analyzed via different analytical techniques. Ag NPs with a small size distribution of 29 nm are uniformly decorated with spherical shape on CNTs walls. The disorder degree of tubular structure and shifting of the vibrational characteristic peaks increase with the increase in the decoration of Ag NPs. After that, the prepared samples were investigated for the removal of naphthalene. These studies of loading Ag NPs with different amounts on the surface of CNTs act as a promising material for water treatment.

Synthesis and characterizations iron oxide carbon nanotubes nanocomposite by laser ablation for anti-microbial applications

Background

Environmental contamination by microbes is a major public health concern. A damp environment is one of the potential sources for microbe proliferation. Smart synthesis nanocatalytic coatings on surfaces, food, and material from different pathogen bacteria can inhibit using the Fe₃O₄/CNTs as anti-microbial growth can effectively curb this growing threat. In this present work, the anti-microbial efficacy of synthesis of a compound nanoparticle-containing iron oxide-multi-walled carbon nanotube was combined by laser ablation PLAL and explored the anti-bacterial action of colloidal solution of Fe₃O₄/CNTs NPs that was evaluated against bacteria which is classified as gram-negative (Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia), and also that is identified as gram-positive (Streptococcus pyogenes (S .pyogenes) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) under visible light irradiation.

Results

Doping of a minute fraction of iron(III) salt (0.5 mol%) in a volatile solvent (ethanol) was carried out via the sol-gel technique. Fe₃O₄ was further calcined at various temperatures (in the range of 500–700 °C) to evaluate the thermal stability of the Fe₃O₄ nanoporous oxidizer nanoparticles. The physicochemical properties of the samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and UV–Visible spectroscopy techniques. XRD results revealed that the nanoparticles framework of Fe₃O₄ was maintained well up to 650 °C by the Fe dopant. UV–Vis results suggested that absorption property of combination Fe₃O₄/CNTs nanopowder by PLAL was enhanced and the band gap is reduced into 2.0 eV.

Conclusions

Density functional theory (DFT) studies emphasize the introduction of Fe+ and Fe2+ ions by replacing other ions in the CNT lattice, therefore creating oxygen vacancies. These further promoted anti-microbial efficiency. A significantly high bacterial inactivation that indicates results was evaluated and that the mean estimations of restraint were determined from triple assessment in every appraisal at 400 ml which represent the best anti-bacterial action against gram-positive and gram-negative microbes.