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El-Bendary MM, Akhdhar A, Al-Bogami AS, Domyati D, Kalantan AA, Alzahrani FA, Alamoudi SM, Sheikh RA, Ali EMM. Palladium and platinum complexes based on pyridine bases induced anticancer effectiveness via apoptosis protein signaling in cancer cells. Biometals 2024; 37:905-921. [PMID: 38361146 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Palladium and platinum complexes, especially those that include cisplatin, can be useful chemotherapeutic drugs. Alternatives that have less adverse effects and require lower dosages of treatment could be provided by complexes containing pyridine bases. The complexes [Pd(SCN)2(4-Acpy)2] (1), [Pd(N3)2(4-Acpy)2] (2) [Pd(paOH)2].2Cl (3) and [Pt(SCN)2(paO)2] (4) were prepared by self-assembly method at ambient temperature; (4-Acpy = 4-acetylpyridine and paOH = pyridine-2-carbaldehyde-oxime). The structure of complexes 1-4 was confirmed using spectroscopic and X-ray crystallography methods. Complexes 1-4 have similar features in isomerism that include the trans coordination geometry of pyridine ligands with Pd or Pt ion. The 3D network structure of complexes 1-4 was constructed by an infinite number of discrete mononuclear molecules extending via H-bonds. The Pd and Pt complexes 1-4 with pyridine ligands were assessed on MCF-7, T47D breast cancer cells and HCT116 colon cancer cells. The study evaluated cell death through apoptosis and cell cycle phases in MCF-7 cells treated with palladium or platinum conjugated with pyridine base. Upon treatment of MCF-7 with these complexes, the expression of apoptotic signals (Bcl2, p53, Bax and c-Myc) and cell cycle signals (p16, CDK1A, CDK1B) were evaluated. Compared to other complexes and cisplatin, IC50 of complex 1 was lowest in MCF-7 cells and complex 2 in T47D cells. Complex 4 has the highest effectiveness on HCT116. The selective index (SI) of complexes 1-4 has a value of more than two for all cancer cell lines, indicating that the complexes were less toxic to normal cells when given the same dose. MCF-7 cells treated with complex 2 and platinum complex 4 exhibited the highest level of early apoptosis. p16 may be signal arrest cells in Sub G, which was observed in cells treated with palladium complexes that suppress excessive cell proliferation. High c-Myc expression of treated cells with four complexes 1-4 and cisplatin could induce p53. All complexes 1-4 elevated the expression of Bax and triggered by the tumor suppressor gene p53. p53 was downregulating the expression of Bcl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M El-Bendary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Abdullah Akhdhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Al-Bogami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Domyati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Kalantan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Ay Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, 21911, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samer M Alamoudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ryan A Sheikh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab M M Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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Mahmood A, Akram T, Chen S, Azam S. From Molecules to Devices: Insights into Electronic and Optical Properties of Pyridine-Derived Compounds Using Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:1049-1062. [PMID: 38323545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we delve into the electronic structure, spectroscopic, and optical properties of five benzo derivatives of pyridine, namely, 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-fluoropyridine (1), 2-fluoro-5-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridine (2), 4-(2-fluoropyridin-5-yl)phenol (3), 5-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2-fluoropyridine (4), and 5-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-2-fluoropyridine (5). Utilizing quantum chemical density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP and Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof levels of theory combined with the 6-311G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets, we investigated the electronic and optical characteristics of these compounds. Band structure calculations were conducted for their crystalline structures, revealing a direct band gap varying from 3.018 to 3.558 eV, with the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum located at the G point in the Brillouin zone. The optical properties were analyzed, including the dielectric functions, reflectivity, and refractive index. Notably, reflectivity was found to be minimal in the photon energy range of 0.0-3.0 eV, and the static refractive index, n(0), ranged from 1.55 to 1.70. The research also involved assessing the reactivity of the compounds through calculation of the frontier orbital energy gaps (ΔE), indicating a significant charge transfer and high reactivity. Additionally, we performed frequency analysis to unveil the Fourier-transform infrared spectra of compounds 1-5 at room temperature. Molecular electrostatic potential surfaces of the optimized structures were employed to map the electrophilic and nucleophilic regions of the compounds. This investigation provides a comprehensive understanding of the electronic and optical properties of these pyridine derivatives, shedding light on their potential applications in optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyaz Mahmood
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610054, China
- School of Art and Design, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou 511483, China
| | - Tayyaba Akram
- Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shenggui Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
- School of Art and Design, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou 511483, China
| | - Sikander Azam
- New Technologies─Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Celik S, Akyuz S, Ozel AE. Structural and vibrational investigations and molecular docking studies of a vinca alkoloid, vinorelbine. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9666-9685. [PMID: 36369834 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2145369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vinorelbine, a vinca alkaloid, is an antimitotic drug that inhibits polymerisation process of tubulins to microtubules, and is widely used in cancer chemotherapy. Due to the importance of the structure-activity relationship, in this work the conformational preferences of the vinorelbine molecule were surched by PM3 method. The obtained lowest energy conformer was then optimized at DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory and the structural characteristics were determined. Frontier orbital (HOMO, LUMO) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses were performed for the optimized structure. The experimental FT-IR, Raman and UV-VIS spectral data of vinorelbine along with the theoretical DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) calculations were investigated in detail. The vibrational wavenumbers were assigned based on the calculated potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes. To shed light into the anticancer property of vinorelbine as microtubule destabilizer, the most favourable binding mode and the interaction details between vinorelbine and tubulin were revealed by molecular docking studies of vinorelbine into the α,β-tubulin (PDB IDs: 4O2B; 1SA0; 7CNN) and binding free energies were calculated by the combination of Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) and Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) methods {MM/PB(GB)SA}. The calculated vinorelbine-7CNN binding free energy, using by MM/PB(GB)SA approach, was found to be the best (-50.39 kcal/mol), and followed by vinorelbine-4O2B (-28.5 kcal/mol) and vinorelbine-1SA0 (-17.59 kcal/mol) systems. Moreover, the interaction of vinorelbine with the cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP), which are known to help in the metabolism of many drugs in the body, was investigated by docking studies against CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 targets.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Celik
- Physics Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevim Akyuz
- Physics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysen E Ozel
- Physics Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Recent Trends in the Development of Novel Metal-Based Antineoplastic Drugs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041959. [PMID: 36838947 PMCID: PMC9965607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the accidental discovery of the anticancer properties of cisplatin more than half a century ago, significant efforts by the broad scientific community have been and are currently being invested into the search for metal complexes with antitumor activity. Coordination compounds of transition metals such as platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru) and gold (Au) have proven their effectiveness as diagnostic and/or antiproliferative agents. In recent years, experimental work on the potential applications of elements including lanthanum (La) and the post-transition metal gallium (Ga) in the field of oncology has been gaining traction. The authors of the present review article aim to help the reader "catch up" with some of the latest developments in the vast subject of coordination compounds in oncology. Herewith is offered a review of the published scientific literature on anticancer coordination compounds of Pt, Ru, Au, Ga and La that has been released over the past three years with the hope readers find the following article informative and helpful.
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Alanazi RLB, Zaki M, Bawazir WA. Synthesis and characterization of the new ligand, 1,2,4-triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-ylimino methyl naphthalene-2-ol and its Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes: comparative studies of their in vitro DNA and HSA Binding. Biometals 2022; 35:1199-1223. [PMID: 36074281 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new ligand 1,2,4-triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-ylimino methyl naphthalene-2-ol (HL) was derived from 5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-amine and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde. The metal complexes of the type [Ni(L)(Bipy)]1/2SO4 (1), [Cu(L)(Bipy)(H2O)2]1/2SO4 (2), [Ni(L)(Phen)]1/2SO4 (3) and [Cu(L)(Phen)(H2O)2]1/2SO4 (4) were synthesized. The ligand (HL) and complexes 1-4 were thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, ToF-MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR), molar conductance and magnetic moment determination. The Ni(II) complexes 1 and 3 adopt the square planar geometry and Cu(II) complexes 2 and 4 acquire distorted octahedral arrangement. In vitro DNA binding behavior of ligand (HL) and metal complexes 1-4 was explored by fluorescence spectral and ethidium bromide studies. The outcomes reveal that the complexes interact with DNA via non-covalent groove binding and electrostatic interactions. The higher binding constant (K) values of 4.35 × 104 and 9.12 × 104 M-1 for complexes 2 and 4 indicate stronger binding ability with DNA. Moreover, in vitro human serum albumin (HSA) binding experiment with HL and complexes 1-4 reveals conformational modulations in the Trp-214 microenvironments in the subdomain IIA pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem L B Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehvash Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wafa A Bawazir
- Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Bhaduri R, Pan A, Kumar Tarai S, Mandal S, Bagchi A, Biswas A, Ch. Moi S. In vitro anticancer activity of Pd(II) complexes with pyridine scaffold: Their bioactivity, role in cell cycle arrest, and computational study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Vibrational spectroscopic characterization and structural investigations of Cepharanthine, a natural alkaloid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Marandi F, Moeini K, Küsel S, Krautscheid H. Mononuclear and polymeric zinc(II) β-diketonate complexes with aromatic N-donor ligands: structural, spectral, thermal, theoretical and docking studies. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kutlu E, Emen FM, Kismali G, Kınaytürk NK, Karacolak AI, Kilic D, Asim Ali M, Kutlu HM, Demirdogen RE. Synthesis and investigation of in vitro cytotoxic activities and thermal stability of novel pyridine derivative platinum (II) complexes vis a vis DFT studies. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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