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Suma M, Sushma GN, Bellad SS, Murthy VNN, AlAsbahi BA, Nadaf YF. Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Photoluminescence of 3-chloro-6-methoxy-2-(methylsulfanyl)quinoxaline in Different Solvents: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation Using DFT. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03676-y. [PMID: 38558125 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, we synthesized 3-chloro-6-methoxy-2-(methyl sulfanyl) quinoxaline (3MSQ) using a microwave-assisted synthesis method. The physicochemical structural analysis of the synthesized compound utilizing 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques. The photophysical properties of 3MSQ was examined through absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Spectroscopic analyses revealed a bathochromic shift in both absorption and fluorescence spectra, attributed to the π → π* transition. Ground and excited state dipole moments was experimentally determined using the solvatochromic shift method, employing various correlations such as Lippert's, Bakhshiev's, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet's equations, and solvent polarity parameters. Our findings indicate that the excited state dipole moments exceed those of the ground state, suggesting increased polarity in the excited state. Further, the while detailed bond length, bond angles, dihedral angles, Mulliken charge distribution, ground state dipole moments and HOMO-LUMO energy gap estimated through ab initio computations using Gaussian-09W. The value of energy band gap obtained from both the methods are in good agreement. Furthermore, employing DFT computational analysis, we identified reactive centers such as electrophilic and nucleophilic sites using molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) 3D plots. Additionally, CIE chromaticity analysis was performed to understand the photoluminescent properties of 3MSQ. The insights derived from these analyses contribute to a better understanding of the molecule's electronic structure, photophysical properties, and solute-solvent interactions, thus providing valuable information regarding its behaviour and characteristics under diverse conditions. These results contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the molecular structure and properties of 3-chloro-6-methoxy-2-(methyl sulfanyl) quinoxaline (3MSQ).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suma
- PG Department of Physics, Materials Research Centre, Maharani Science College for Women, Maharani Cluster University, 560001, Bengaluru, India
| | - G N Sushma
- PG Department of Physics, Materials Research Centre, Maharani Science College for Women, Maharani Cluster University, 560001, Bengaluru, India
| | - S S Bellad
- PG Department of Physics, Materials Research Centre, Maharani Science College for Women, Maharani Cluster University, 560001, Bengaluru, India
| | - V N Narasimha Murthy
- PG Department of Physics, Materials Research Centre, Maharani Science College for Women, Maharani Cluster University, 560001, Bengaluru, India
| | - Bandar Ali AlAsbahi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y F Nadaf
- PG Department of Physics, Materials Research Centre, Maharani Science College for Women, Maharani Cluster University, 560001, Bengaluru, India.
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4-Dimethylamino-beta-nitrostyrene, a fluorescent solvatochromic probe to estimate the apparent dielectric constant in serum albumin: Experimental and molecular dynamics studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Dicyanopyrazino Phenanthrene based Charge transfer derivatives: Role of amine donor in Tuning of Photophysical, Aggregation-induced emission, Electrochemical and Theoretical properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Milyutin CV, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Melekhina VG. A study of the photochemical behavior of terarylenes containing allomaltol and pyrazole fragments. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:588-596. [PMID: 35673406 PMCID: PMC9152273 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The photochemical properties behavior of 3-hydroxy-4-pyranone containing terarylenes with a pyrazole bridge fragment were studied. It was shown that UV-induced 6π-electrocyclization of the 1,3,5-hexatriene system was not observed for the considered objects molecules. At the same time, the phototransformation of such systems proceeds exclusively in the direction of the contraction of the pyranone ring leading to unstable α-hydroxydiketones. For the first time the possibility of isolation of the resulting α-hydroxydiketones in pure form was demonstrated. Wherein, it was shown that relatively low stable α-hydroxydiketones can be trapped by reaction with 1,2-phenylenediamine. The general method for the preparation of the corresponding quinoxalines on the basis of the aforementioned condensation was implemented. It was demonstrated that the studied photoreaction does not depend on the type of pyrazole bridge. The structures of three of synthesized products were established by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine V Milyutin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N Komogortsev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Boris V Lichitsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya G Melekhina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Kapse DM, Singh PS, Ghadiyali M, Chacko S, Kamble RM. Blue-red emitting materials based on a pyrido[2,3- b]pyrazine backbone: design and tuning of the photophysical, aggregation-induced emission, electrochemical and theoretical properties. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6888-6905. [PMID: 35424617 PMCID: PMC8981966 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00128d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-based donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) molecules were designed by altering donor amines and synthesized using the Buchwald-Hartwig C-N coupling reaction. Further, the tunable opto-electrochemical properties of the dyes were studied in detail. The dye possesses intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transition (412-485 nm), which marked the D-A architecture and induces a broad range of emissions from blue to red (486-624 nm) in the solution and solid state. Some of the dyes show aggregation-induced emission (AIE) features and formation of nanoparticles in the THF/H2O mixture, as confirmed by DLS and FEG-SEM (of 7) analysis. The AIE characteristics indicate its solid/aggregate-state application in organic electronics. The molecules exhibit high thermal stability, low band gap (1.67-2.36 eV) and comparable HOMO (-5.34 to -5.97 eV) and LUMO (-3.61 to -3.70 eV) energy levels with those of reported ambipolar materials. The relationship between the geometrical structure and optoelectronic properties of the dyes, as well as their twisted molecular conformation and small singlet and triplet excitation energy difference (ΔE ST = 0.01-0.23 eV) were analyzed using the DFT/TDDFT method. Thus, potential applications of the dyes are proposed for optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak M Kapse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400 098 India
| | - Pooja S Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400 098 India
| | - Mohammed Ghadiyali
- Department of Physics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400 098 India
| | - Sajeev Chacko
- Department of Physics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400 098 India
| | - Rajesh M Kamble
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400 098 India
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