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Kowalczyk P, Koszelewski D, Gawdzik B, Samsonowicz-Górski J, Kramkowski K, Wypych A, Lizut R, Ostaszewski R. Promiscuous Lipase-Catalyzed Markovnikov Addition of H-Phosphites to Vinyl Esters for the Synthesis of Cytotoxic α-Acyloxy Phosphonate Derivatives. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051975. [PMID: 35269205 PMCID: PMC8912074 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An enzymatic route for phosphorous-carbon- bond formation is developed by discovering new promiscuous activity of lipase. This biocatalytic transformation of phosphorous-carbon- bond addition leads to biologically and pharmacologically relevant α-acyloxy phosphonates with methyl group in α-position. A series of target compounds were synthesized with yields ranging from 54% to 83% by enzymatic reaction with Candida cylindracea (CcL) lipase via Markovnikov addition of H-phosphites to vinyl esters. We carefully analyzed the best conditions for the given reaction such as the type of enzyme, temperature, and type of solvent. The developed protocol is applicable to a range of H-phosphites and vinyl esters significantly simplifying the preparation of synthetically challenging α-pivaloyloxy phosphonates. Further, the obtained compounds were validated as new potential antimicrobial drugs with characteristic E. coli bacterial strains and DNA modification recognized by the Fpg protein, N-methyl purine glycosylases as new substrates. The impact of the methyl group located in the α-position of the studied α-acyloxy phosphonates on the antimicrobial activity was demonstrated. The pivotal role of this group on inhibitory activity against selected pathogenic E. coli strains was revealed. The observed results are especially important in the case of the increasing resistance of bacteria to various drugs and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (D.K.); Tel.: +48-22-765-33-01 (P.K.); +48-22-343-20-12 (D.K.)
| | - Dominik Koszelewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (J.S.-G.); (R.O.)
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (D.K.); Tel.: +48-22-765-33-01 (P.K.); +48-22-343-20-12 (D.K.)
| | - Barbara Gawdzik
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Jan Samsonowicz-Górski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (J.S.-G.); (R.O.)
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilińskiego 1 Str., 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Wypych
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun ul. Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Rafał Lizut
- Institute of Mathematics, Informatics and Landscape Architecture, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, ul. Konstantynów 1 H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ryszard Ostaszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (J.S.-G.); (R.O.)
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