1
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Zhang C, Nie S, Liu C, Zhang Y, Guo J. A Fluorescent Probe for Hg 2+ Specific Recognition Based on Xanthene and its Application in Food Detection and Cell Imaging. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03711-y. [PMID: 38652359 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The mercury-loving unit aminothiourea was introduced into the xanthene fluorophore to synthesized the probe molecule NXH. NXH has a specific response to Hg2+, and with the addition of (0 ~ 50 µM) Hg2+, the fluorescence intensity of the probe solution was quenched from 2352 a.u. to about 308 a.u. NXH exhibited excellent detection performance of high sensitivity (LOD = 96.3 nM), real-time response (105 s), wide pH range (2.1 ~ 9.3), and strong anti-interference ability for Hg2+. At the same time, NXH has wide range of applications for Hg2+ detection, which can fluorescence imaging of Hg2+ in Hela cells and tea samples, and can also be made into Hg2+ detection test paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China.
| | - Shiru Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Jinghao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
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2
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Huang J, Liu K, Tian J, Wei H, Kan C. A rhodamine NIR probe for naked eye detection of mercury ions and its application. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 306:123553. [PMID: 37898057 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging technology has developed rapidly with its advantages, and near-infrared probes are worthy of attention because of their less background interference, low light damage, and infinite potential. Rhodamine and its derivatives have the unique structure of lactam helices, which is an ideal platform for the construction of on-off fluorescent sensors. In this paper, a novel near-infrared fluorescent probe (RBLS) based on rhodamine derivatives was synthesized for the transient detection of mercury ions. The closed-on structure can realize reversible sensor recovery by adding S2-. The superior imaging capability in living cells and in vivo in zebrafish holds promise for biological applications. In addition, the naked eye test strips prepared with RBLS probes can be used to detect and screen Hg2+ in the environment and show good gradient change performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Kaiyue Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Chun Kan
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
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3
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Chen X, Zheng H, Li X, Ruan Z, Lu Q, He W, Lin J, Ran J, Liu S. AIE-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for mercury ion, medium-dependent fluorescence color change and optimized sensitivity in solid state. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123482. [PMID: 37804707 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
A new AIE-based luminogen TPES, as a ratiometric fluorescence probe for mercury(II) was readily synthesized. The probe combined the advantages of the outstanding specificity of Hg2+-triggered deprotection reaction of thioketal and the brilliant emission of AIEgens in aggregated state. Once encountered aqueous Hg2+, fluorescent color of TPES in THF-H2O (fw = 98%) altered from blue to green rapidly, while other metal cations gave no interference to the probe. And the mechanism of this chemosensor was carefully verified by 1H NMR analysis, FTIR and MS spectra. As expected, TPES exhibits excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ in the solid state. When using filter paper as the solid medium, the fabricated test strips could signify Hg2+ ions with the LOD as 1 × 10-5 M (Hg2+ in aqueous solution), accompanied with a distinct emitting altered from blue to green. Furthermore, by changing the medium from filter paper to silica gel plate, a more significant fluorescence alteration from blue to yellow was achieved, and the LOD was further optimized to 1 × 10-6 M as discerned by naked-eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Haixia Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Zhijun Ruan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Qiqi Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Wentao He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Junqi Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Jingwen Ran
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
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Li S, Chang X, Kong X, Wang Q, Zhao F, Han J, Liu Y, Wang T. A visible BODIPY-based sensor for 'Naked-Eye' recognition of Ag + and its application on test paper strips. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123446. [PMID: 37748338 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel, highly sensitive fluorescent sensor (E)-2-((2-(benzo[d] thiazol-2-yl) quinolin-8-yl) oxy)-N'-(4-(5, 5-difluoro-1, 3, 7, 9-tetramethyl-5H-4λ4, 5λ4-dipyrrolo [1, 2-c:2', 1'-f] [1, 3, 2] diazaborinin-10-yl) benzylidene) acetohydrazide (TQB) was developed for dual mode of Ag+ detection (colorimetric/fluorescence), and its structural and spectral properties were characterized by 1H NMR, ESI-MS, X-ray, ultraviolet and fluorescence photometry. It is found that TQB could specifically and efficiently identify Ag+ among many other metal ions in CH3OH/H2O (7:3 v/v, pH = 7.23) buffer. The maximum absorption wavelength of TQB is red-shifted while its fluorescence is quenched with a quenching rate of 88.7%. The energy difference between TQB and TQB-Ag+ complex was calculated by DFT, and the applicability of TQB was verified by paper strip test. In addition, TQB has been successfully applied to the determination of Ag+ in real water samples with good reversibility and recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengling Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China.
| | - Xiliang Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China
| | - Xiangpeng Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China
| | - Jia Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, PR China
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5
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Kumar A. Recent Development in Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Hg 2+ Ions. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-44. [PMID: 37517076 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2238066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Mercury, a highly toxic heavy metal, poses significant environmental and health risks, necessitating the development of effective and responsive techniques for its detection. Organic chromophores, particularly small molecules, have emerged as promising materials for sensing Hg2+ ions due to their high selectivity, sensitivity, and ease of synthesis. In this review article, we provide a systematic overview of recent advancements in the field of fluorescent chemosensors for Hg2+ ions detection, including rhodamine derivatives, Schiff bases, coumarin derivatives, naphthalene derivatives, BODIPY, BOPHY, naphthalimide, pyrene, dicyanoisophorone, bromophenol, benzothiazole flavonol, carbonitrile, pyrazole, quinoline, resorufin, hemicyanine, monothiosquaraine, cyanine, pyrimidine, peptide, and quantum/carbon dots probes. We discuss their detection capabilities, sensing mechanisms, limits of detection, as well as the strategies and approaches employed in their design. By focusing on recent studies conducted between 2022 and 2023, this review article offers valuable insights into the performance and advancements in the field of fluorescent chemosensors for Hg2+ ions detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, D.B.S. (PG) College Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Mehta R, Kumar S. ESIPT-based dual-emissive perimidine derivative as a rapid and sensitive sensor for Cu 2+ and Al 3+: Construction of memory device, 2-to-1 encoder and 1-to-2 decoder. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122471. [PMID: 36801732 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An ESIPT based fluorescent perimidine derivative oPSDAN was developed and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The study of the photo-physical properties of the sensor unveiled its selectivity and sensitivity towards Cu2+ and Al3+ ions. The sensing of ions was accompanied by colorimetric change (for Cu2+) as well as emission turn-off response. The binding stoichiometries of sensor oPSDAN with Cu2+ ion and Al3+ ions were determined to be 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. The binding constants and detection limits for Cu2+ and Al3+ were calculated from the UV-vis and fluorescence titration profiles as, 7.1 × 104 M-1, 1.9 × 104 M-1 and 9.89 nM, 1.5 × 10-8 M, respectively. The mechanism was established by 1H NMR as well as mass titrations and was supported by DFT and TD-DFT calculations. The UV-vis and fluorescence spectral results were further utilized for construction of memory device, encoder and decoder. Sensor-oPSDAN was also tested for determining Cu2+ ions in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhi Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Multani Mal Modi College, Patiala 147001, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Multani Mal Modi College, Patiala 147001, Punjab, India.
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7
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Safronov NE, Minin AS, Slepukhin PA, Kostova IP, Benassi E, Belskaya NP. 5-Amino-2-aryl-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamides: Unique AIEE-gens and selective Hg 2+ fluorosensors. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 292:122419. [PMID: 36764140 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of fluorescent sensors based on small molecule were designed and fully characterised, demonstrating AIEE effect and revealing an outstanding ability to selectively detect Hg2+ ions. The structural and electronic properties were studied through quantum chemical calculations at (Time-Dependent) Density Functional Theory ((TD)-DFT) level. Carboxamides of 2-Aryl-1,2,3-Triazoles (CATs) showed significant differences in their photophysical properties depending on the structure of the substituent at amino function on the C5-atom in the heterocycle. When the tert-cycloalkylamino group (pyrrolidine, piperidine, azepane) was attached, the triazoles exhibited highly intensive blue fluorescence, with quantum yields (QYs) up to 95 % and lifetime up to 6.9 ns in different solvents, whereas the QYs of congeners bearing secondary alkylaminogroups (viz., NHMe, NHC6H11-cyclo) indicate low QYs (1-10 %). Nevertheless, all types of the obtained fluorophores demonstrated excellent AIEE effect and formed fluorescent nanoparticles in a binary mixtures of organic solvents and water. The introduction of the carboxamide function enhances the sensing properties of 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles, providing a selective fluorescence quenching reaction in the presence of Hg2+. The fluorescence intensity of the CATs declines with the addition of 1.0 eq. of Hg2+ into DMSO-water (v/v, 1:9). The other cations used did not induce any appreciable changes in fluorescence intensity. The CATs form a complex with Hg2+ with highly specific detection for Hg2+ over other competitive metal ions: the detection limits were determined to be 0.23 and 0.15 μM for the CATs 1b and 2c. The reverse effect was registered with the addition of ethylene diamine sodium salt; meanwhile, the CATs demonstrated more effective coordination with Hg2+ in comparison with cysteine. This last finding, as well as the ability to detect Hg2+, is very valuable for application within biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Artem S Minin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia; M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 18 S. Kovalevskaya Str., Yekaterinburg 620108, Russia
| | - Pavel A Slepukhin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia; I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, 20 S. Kovalevskaya Str., Yekaterinburg 620219, Russia
| | - Irena P Kostova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Enrico Benassi
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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8
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A chemodosimeter with high selectivity for ratiometric detection of mercury ions in buffer solution. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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9
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A Bifunctional Fluorescence Probe Based on AIE-ICT Strategy for Visual Detection of Cu 2+/Co 2+ in Complex Matrix. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052059. [PMID: 36903303 PMCID: PMC10003869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel fluorescence chemical sensor-based probe 1-{[(E)-(2-aminophenyl)azanylidene]methyl}naphthalen-2-ol (AMN) was designed and synthesized, which performed a "naked eye" detection ability toward Cu2+ and Co2+ based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescence strategy. It has sensitive detection ability for Cu2+ and Co2+. In addition, the color changed from yellow-green to orange under the sunlight, realizing the rapid identification of Cu2+/Co2+, which has the potential of on-site visual detection under the "naked eye". Moreover, different "on" and "off" fluorescence expressions were exhibited under excessive glutathione (GSH) in AMN-Cu2+ and AMN-Co2+ systems, which could be employed to distinguish Cu2+ from Co2+. The detection limits for Cu2+ and Co2+ were measured to be 8.29 × 10-8 M and 9.13 × 10-8 M, respectively. The binding mode of AMN was calculated to be 2:1 by Jobs' plot method analysis. Ultimately, the new fluorescence sensor was applied to detect Cu2+ and Co2+ in real samples (tap water, river water, and yellow croaker), and the results were satisfying. Therefore, this high-efficiency bifunctional chemical sensor platform based on "on-off" fluorescence detection will provide significant guidance for the advance development of single-molecule sensors for multi-ion detection.
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A Fluorescent Probe Based on the Hydrazone Schiff Base for the Detection of Zn 2+ and its Application on Test Strips. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:1183-1189. [PMID: 36622493 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent probe SHK for Zn2+ detection was designed based on the hydrazone Schiff base, successfully synthesized by Suzuki coupling and condensation reactions. The probe SHK in DMSO/H2O showed extremely weak fluorescence. However, the solution exhibited an intensive yellow-green emission with the introduction of Zn2+. In contrast, negligible fluorescence change was observed when other metal ions were added, suggesting a high selectivity of SHK for Zn2+ detection. The Job's Plot analysis revealed that a 1:1 stoichiometric adduct SHK-Zn2+ formed during the Zn2+ sensing. The binding constant of the complex was determined to be 184 M- 1, and the detection limit for Zn2+ was calculated to be 112 µM. Moreover, the probe SHK achieved selective fluorescence sensing for Zn2+ on test strips, which guaranteed its practical application prospect.
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11
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Huang Y, Li Y, Li Y, Zhong K, Tang L. An “AIE + ESIPT” mechanism-based benzothiazole-derived fluorescent probe for the detection of Hg 2+ and its applications. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3nj00899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
A simple “AIE + ESIPT” mechanism-based fluorescent probe for Hg2+ detection has been developed. The probe is applicable to detect Hg2+ in living cells, natural water, and seafood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - Keli Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Tang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
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12
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Photophysics of α-azinyl-substituted 4,4-difluoro-8-(4-R-phenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacenes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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pH indicator and rotary fluorescent properties of the Sn(IV)-octaetylporphyrin-(BODIPY)2 triad. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Yan Q, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhang G, Shi D, Xu H. A novel water-soluble flavonol-based fluorescent probe for highly specific and sensitive detection of Al 3+ and its application in onion and zebrafish. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 279:121384. [PMID: 35636134 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel and simple turn-on fluorescence probe (HD) for Al3+ detection was successfully developed based on flavonol derivatives. This probe exhibited a significantly enhanced fluorescence response toward Al3+ in aqueous solution which could be observed by naked-eye from poor fluorescence to strong light green emission. The probe HD displays highly specific detection for Al3+ over other competitive metal ions, and the detection limit of probe HD for Al3+ was determined to be 2.57 × 10-8 M, which are much lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline value for drinking food/water. The binding stoichiometry of probe HD with Al3+ was determined to be 1:1 according to Job's plot and ESI-HRMS analysis, and the binding constant was calculated to be 2.01 × 104 M-1. The probe HD exhibited high selectivity, high sensitivity, good anti-interface ability, and wide pH application range as well as the quantitative determination in the detection of Al3+. The coordination mechanism of probe HD with Al3+ was supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and HRMS analysis. In addition, the probe HD was found to have good cell permeability and could be applied for live-cell imaging to detect Al3+ in onions and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yan
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhonglong Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Donghai Shi
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haijun Xu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453002, China.
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