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Abugable AA, Antar S, El-Khamisy SF. Chromosomal single-strand break repair and neurological disease: Implications on transcription and emerging genomic tools. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 135:103629. [PMID: 38266593 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cells are constantly exposed to various sources of DNA damage that pose a threat to their genomic integrity. One of the most common types of DNA breaks are single-strand breaks (SSBs). Mutations in the repair proteins that are important for repairing SSBs have been reported in several neurological disorders. While several tools have been utilised to investigate SSBs in cells, it was only through recent advances in genomics that we are now beginning to understand the architecture of the non-random distribution of SSBs and their impact on key cellular processes such as transcription and epigenetic remodelling. Here, we discuss our current understanding of the genome-wide distribution of SSBs, their link to neurological disorders and summarise recent technologies to investigate SSBs at the genomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa A Abugable
- School of Biosciences, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; The healthy Lifespan and Neuroscience Institutes, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Antar
- School of Biosciences, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; The healthy Lifespan and Neuroscience Institutes, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Sherif F El-Khamisy
- School of Biosciences, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; The healthy Lifespan and Neuroscience Institutes, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
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Neuroprotective effects of ceftriaxone treatment on cognitive and neuronal deficits in a rat model of accelerated senescence. Behav Brain Res 2017; 330:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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German P, Saenz D, Szaniszlo P, Aguilera-Aguirre L, Pan L, Hegde ML, Bacsi A, Hajas G, Radak Z, Ba X, Mitra S, Papaconstantinou J, Boldogh I. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1-driven DNA repair-A paradoxical role in lung aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 161:51-65. [PMID: 27343030 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated changes in lung structure and function are some of the most important predictors of overall health, cognitive activities and longevity. Common to all aging cells is an increase in oxidatively modified DNA bases, primarily 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG). It is repaired via DNA base excision repair pathway driven by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1-BER), whose role in aging has been the focus of many studies. This study hypothesizes that signaling and consequent gene expression during cellular response to OGG1-BER "wires" senescence/aging processes. To test OGG1-BER was mimicked by repeatedly exposing diploid lung fibroblasts cells and airways of mice to 8-oxoG base. Results showed that repeated exposures led to G1 cell cycle arrest and pre-matured senescence of cultured cells in which over 1000 genes were differentially expressed -86% of them been identical to those in naturally senesced cells. Gene ontology analysis of gene expression displayed biological processes driven by small GTPases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mitogen activated kinase cascades both in cultured cells and lungs. These results together, points to a new paradigm about the role of DNA damage and repair by OGG1 in aging and age-associated disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter German
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - David Saenz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Peter Szaniszlo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Leopoldo Aguilera-Aguirre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Attila Bacsi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Gyorgy Hajas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - John Papaconstantinou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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Tikhonova MA, Yu CH, Kolosova NG, Gerlinskaya LA, Maslennikova SO, Yudina AV, Amstislavskaya TG, Ho YJ. Comparison of behavioral and biochemical deficits in rats with hereditary defined or D-galactose-induced accelerated senescence: evaluating the protective effects of diosgenin. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 120:7-16. [PMID: 24495488 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
One of the important factors in aging is oxidative stress and aging-related disturbances are believed be ameliorated by antioxidants. Diosgenin is a bio-active ingredient of dioscorea that is widely used in Chinese medicine, shows anti-oxidant activity and improves some aging-related deficits in senescent and menopausal animals. We compared alterations in behavior, biochemical parameters (plasma levels of the uric acid, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, and the plasma activity of aminotransferases AST and ALT), and sperm motility in two models of accelerated senescence (d-galactose-induced (150 mg/kg/day, i.p., 57 days) aging in Wistar rats vs. genetically defined in OXYS rats) and examined the protective effects of diosgenin (10 or 50mg/kg/day, p.o., 57 days). Both models had augmented levels of ALT activity indicating hepatopathology. Compared to d-galactose-treated animals, OXYS rats demonstrated profound biochemical alterations (hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and hypocholesterolemia) and behavioral deficits (impaired object recognition, decreased sexual motivation and locomotor activity, retarded learning) that confirmed the difference in the mechanisms of accelerated senescence in these models. We first showed diminished sperm motility in males of both models of accelerated senescence studied. Chronic diosgenin treatment failed to improve biochemical and behavioral disturbances and had some undesirable side effects on body weight and working memory in OXYS rats. However, diosgenin restored moderately decreased sperm motility in d-galactose-treated Wistar males and might be recommended for treatment of mild age-related reproductive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Tikhonova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia; State Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Ching-Han Yu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nataliya G Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ludmila A Gerlinskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana O Maslennikova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia; State Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ying-Jui Ho
- School of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan, ROC
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Sattarova EA, Sinitsyna OI, Vasyunina EA, Duzhak AB, Kolosova NG, Zharkov DO, Nevinsky GA. Age-dependent guanine oxidation in DNA of different brain regions of Wistar rats and prematurely aging OXYS rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:3542-52. [PMID: 23403132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative damage to the cell, including the formation of 8-oxoG, has been regarded as a significant factor in carcinogenesis and aging. An inbred prematurely aging rat strain (OXYS) is characterized by high sensitivity to oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA rearrangements, and pathological conditions paralleling several human degenerative diseases including learning and memory deterioration. METHODS We have used monoclonal antibodies against a common pre-mutagenic base lesion 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) and 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) in combination with indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and image analysis to follow the relative amounts and distribution of 8-oxoG and OGG1 in various cells of different brain regions from OXYS and control Wistar rats. RESULTS It was shown that 8-oxoG increased with age in mature neurons, nestin- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells of hippocampus and frontal cortex in both strains of rats, with OXYS rats always displaying statistically significantly higher levels of oxidative DNA damage than Wistar rats. The relative content of 8-oxoG and OGG1 in nestin- and GFAP-positive cells was higher than in mature neurons in both Wistar and OXYS rats. However, there was no significant interstrain difference in the content of OGG1 for all types of cells and brain regions analyzed, and no difference in the relative content of 8-oxoG between different brain regions. CONCLUSIONS Oxidation of guanine may play an important role in the development of age-associated decrease in memory and learning capability of OXYS rats. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings are important for validation of the OXYS rat strain as a model of mammalian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya A Sattarova
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Cadet J, Douki T, Ravanat JL, Wagner JR. Measurement of oxidatively generated base damage to nucleic acids in cells: facts and artifacts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12566-012-0029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Cabrera G, Barría C, Fernández C, Sepúlveda S, Valenzuela L, Kemmerling U, Galanti N. DNA repair BER pathway inhibition increases cell death caused by oxidative DNA damage in Trypanosoma cruzi. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112:2189-99. [PMID: 21480362 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, a parasitic protozoan, is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, an endemic and neglected pathology in Latin America. It presents a life cycle that involves a hematophagous insect and man as well as domestic and wild mammals. The parasitic infection is not eliminated by the immune system of mammals; thus, the vertebrate host serves as a parasite reservoir. Additionally, chronic processes leading to dysfunction of the cardiac and digestive systems are observed. To establish a chronic infection some parasites should resist the oxidative damage to its DNA exerted by oxygen and nitrogen free radicals (ROS/RNS) generated in host cells. Till date there are no reports directly showing oxidative DNA damage and repair in T. cruzi. We establish that ROS/RNS generate nuclear and kinetoplastid DNA damage in T. cruzi that may be partially repaired by the parasite. Furthermore, we determined that both oxidative agents diminish T. cruzi cell viability. This effect is significantly augmented in parasites subsequently incubated with methoxyamine, a DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway inhibitor, strongly suggesting that the maintenance of T. cruzi viability is a consequence of DNA repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cabrera
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Cadet J, Douki T, Ravanat JL. Measurement of oxidatively generated base damage in cellular DNA. Mutat Res 2011; 711:3-12. [PMID: 21329709 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This survey focuses on the critical evaluation of the main methods that are currently available for monitoring single and complex oxidatively generated damage to cellular DNA. Among chromatographic methods, HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and to a lesser extent HPLC-ECD which is restricted to a few electroactive nucleobases and nucleosides are appropriate for measuring the formation of single and clustered DNA lesions. Such methods that require optimized protocols for DNA extraction and digestion are sensitive enough for measuring base lesions formed under conditions of severe oxidative stress including exposure to ionizing radiation, UVA light and high intensity UVC laser pulses. In contrast application of GC-MS and HPLC-MS methods that are subject to major drawbacks have been shown to lead to overestimated values of DNA damage. Enzymatic methods that are based on the use of DNA repair glycosylases in order to convert oxidized bases into strand breaks are suitable, even if they are far less specific than HPLC methods, to deal with low levels of single modifications. Several other methods including immunoassays and (32)P-postlabeling methods that are still used suffer from drawbacks and therefore are not recommended. Another difficult topic is the measurement of oxidatively generated clustered DNA lesions that is currently achieved using enzymatic approaches and that would necessitate further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Cadet
- Laboratoire "Lésions des Acides Nucléiques", SCIB-UMR-E n°3 (CEA/UJF), FRE CNRS 3200, Département de Recherche Fondamentale sur la Matière Condensée, CEA/Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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Evidence that OGG1 glycosylase protects neurons against oxidative DNA damage and cell death under ischemic conditions. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2011; 31:680-92. [PMID: 20736962 PMCID: PMC3049522 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
7,8-Dihydro-8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) is a major DNA glycosylase involved in base-excision repair (BER) of oxidative DNA damage to nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We used OGG1-deficient (OGG1(-/-)) mice to examine the possible roles of OGG1 in the vulnerability of neurons to ischemic and oxidative stress. After exposure of cultured neurons to oxidative and metabolic stress levels of OGG1 in the nucleus were elevated and mitochondria exhibited fragmentation and increased levels of the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and reduced membrane potential. Cortical neurons isolated from OGG1(-/-) mice were more vulnerable to oxidative insults than were OGG1(+/+) neurons, and OGG1(-/-) mice developed larger cortical infarcts and behavioral deficits after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion compared with OGG1(+/+) mice. Accumulations of oxidative DNA base lesions (8-oxoG, FapyAde, and FapyGua) were elevated in response to ischemia in both the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres, and to a greater extent in the contralateral cortex of OGG1(-/-) mice compared with OGG1(+/+) mice. Ischemia-induced elevation of 8-oxoG incision activity involved increased levels of a nuclear isoform OGG1, suggesting an adaptive response to oxidative nuclear DNA damage. Thus, OGG1 has a pivotal role in repairing oxidative damage to nuclear DNA under ischemic conditions, thereby reducing brain damage and improving functional outcome.
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Rotskaya UN, Rogozin IB, Vasyunina EA, Kolosova NG, Malyarchuk BA, Nevinsky GA, Sinitsyna OI. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA somatic mutations in OXYS and Wistar strain rats. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2009; 74:430-7. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297909040117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Jarrett SG, Liang LP, Hellier JL, Staley KJ, Patel M. Mitochondrial DNA damage and impaired base excision repair during epileptogenesis. Neurobiol Dis 2008; 30:130-8. [PMID: 18295498 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Revised: 12/16/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are acute consequences of status epilepticus (SE). However, the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress and genomic instability during epileptogenesis remains unknown. Using the kainate animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy, we investigated oxidative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and changes in the mitochondrial base excision repair pathway (mtBER) in the rat hippocampus for a period of 3 months after SE. Acute seizure activity caused a time-dependent increase in mitochondrial, but not nuclear 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG/2dG) levels and a greater frequency of mtDNA lesions. This was accompanied by increased mitochondrial H2O2 production and a transient decrease in mtDNA repair capacity. The mtBER proteins 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (Ogg1) and DNA polymerase gamma (Pol gamma) demonstrated elevated expression at mRNA and protein levels shortly after SE and this was followed by a gradual improvement in mtDNA repair capacity. Recurrent seizures associated with the chronic phase of epilepsy coincided with the accumulation of mtDNA damage, increased mitochondrial H2O2 levels, decreased expression of Ogg1 and Pol gamma and impaired mtDNA repair capacity. Together, increased oxidative mtDNA damage, mitochondrial H2O2 production and alterations in the mtBER pathway provide evidence for mitochondrial oxidative stress in epilepsy and suggest that mitochondrial injury may contribute to epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Jarrett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, CO 80262, USA
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Abstract
The capability to relate phenotypic effects to damage associated with either the mitochondrial or nuclear genome is especially useful under a number of circumstances. Potential hazardous exposures can be evaluated for genotoxicity and related to diseases, particularly cancer. The correlation of DNA damage with adverse health effects is also important in evaluating the safety of various chemical agents and prospective therapeutics. Many techniques exist that afford the ability to identify and measure cellular DNA damage upon exposure to a suspected genotoxic agent; however, quite often these techniques are limited either by the advanced instrumentation and skill needed to perform the analyses or the amount of time needed and limited information obtained regarding the types of DNA damage generated. Recent advances in cellular-based methods have resulted in the timely and straightforward collection of reliable and specific data regarding levels of damage and the identity of the damage products. Antibodies developed for DNA damage lesions allow for the direct measurement of those lesions within a population of exposed cells, while the automation of the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay and the use of scoring software have led to rapid and standardized data collection. This essay describes the usefulness of these approaches, while providing a brief experimental overview of the techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc D Roy
- Polymers Division, Biomaterials Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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