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Cherednichenko O, Pilyugina A, Nuraliev S, Azizbekova D. Persons chronically exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation: A cytogenetic dosimetry study. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 894:503728. [PMID: 38432778 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The dosimetry and control of exposure for individuals chronically exposed to ionizing radiation are important and complex issues. Assessment may be optimized by evaluating individual adaptation and radiosensitivity, but it is not possible for a single model to account for all relevant parameters. Our goal was to develop approaches for the calculation of doses for persons chronically exposed to ionizing radiation, taking their radiosensitivities into consideration. On the basis of ex vivo radiation of blood samples, dose-effect models were constructed for dose ranges 0.01-2.0 and 0.01-0.4 Gy, using different cytogenetic criteria. The frequencies of "dicentric chromosomes and rings" at low doses are too low to have predictive value. The different responses of subjects to radiation made it possible to categorize them according to their radiosensitivities and to generate separate dose-effect curves for radiosensitive, average, and radioresistant individuals, reducing the amount of error in retrospective dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Cherednichenko
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan.
| | - Anastassiya Pilyugina
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Serikbai Nuraliev
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Dinara Azizbekova
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
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Koryakina E, Potetnya VI, Troshina M, Baykuzina R, Koryakin S, Lychagin A, Solovev A, Saburov V, Pikalov V, Shegay P, Ivanov S, Kaprin A. Hypersensitivity and Induced Radioresistance in Chinese Hamster Cells Exposed to Radiations with Different LET Values. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126765. [PMID: 35743215 PMCID: PMC9223725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the impact of radiation LET on manifestation of HRS/IRR response in Chinese hamster cells ovary cells exposed to radiations used in radiotherapy. Earlier we have investigated this response to carbon ions (455 MeV/amu) in the pristine Bragg curve plateau and behind the Bragg peak, 60Co γ-rays, and 14.5 MeV neutrons. Now we present results of cytogenetic metaphase analysis in plateau-phase CHO-K1 cells irradiated with scanning beam protons (83 MeV) at doses < 1 Gy and additional data for 14.5 MeV neutrons. Dose curves for frequency of total chromosome aberrations (CA, protons), paired fragments (protons, neutrons), aberrant cells (neutrons) had typical HRS/IRR structure: HRS region (up to 0.1 and 0.15 Gy), IRR region (0.1−0.6 Gy and 0.15−0.35 Gy) for protons and neutrons, respectively, and regular dose dependence. Taken together with previous results, the data show that LET increase shifts the HRS upper border (from 0.08−0.1 Gy for γ-rays, protons and plateau carbons to 0.12−0.15 Gy for “tail” carbons and neutrons). The IRR regions shortens (0.52−0.4 γ-rays and protons, 0.25 plateau carbons, 0.2 Gy “tail” carbons and neutrons). CA level of IRR increases by 1.5−2.5 times for carbons as compared to γ-rays and protons. Outside HRS/IRR the yield of CA also enhanced with LET increase. The results obtained for different LET radiations suggest that CHO-K1 cells with G1-like CA manifested the general feature of the HRS/IRR phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Koryakina
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-910-5453734
| | - Vladimir I. Potetnya
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Marina Troshina
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Raisa Baykuzina
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Sergey Koryakin
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Anatoliy Lychagin
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Aleksei Solovev
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Vyacheslav Saburov
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Vladimir Pikalov
- Institute for High Energy Physics Named by A. A. Logunov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 142280 Protvino, Russia;
| | - Petr Shegay
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 246036 Obninsk, Russia; (P.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia; (V.I.P.); (M.T.); (R.B.); (S.K.); (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.S.); (S.I.)
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia”, Medical Institute, Department of Oncology and Radiology Named after N.P. Kharchenko, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 246036 Obninsk, Russia; (P.S.); (A.K.)
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia”, Medical Institute, Department of Oncology and Radiology Named after N.P. Kharchenko, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Saeed A, Murshed MN, Al-Shahari EA. Effect of low-dose fast neutrons on the protein components of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of whole-body irradiated Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40443-40455. [PMID: 32666461 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is exposed to extremely low doses of neutrons under different circumstances, such as through exposure to cosmic rays, nuclear accidents, and neutron therapy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are the primary immune cells that exhibit selective immune responses. Changes in the functions of the protein components of PBMC can be induced by structural modifications of these proteins themselves. Herein, we have investigated the effect of low-dose fast neutrons on PBMC proteins at 0, 2, 4, and 8 days post-whole body irradiation. 64 Wistar rats were used in this study of which, 32 were exposed to fast neutrons at a total dose of 10 mGy (241Am-Be, 0.2 mGy/h), and the other 32 were used as controls. Blood samples were drawn, and PBMCs were isolated from whole blood. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to estimate the changes in the proteins of PBMCs. An alkaline comet assay was performed to assess DNA damage. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were utilized to discriminate between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. FTIR and fluorescence spectra of the tested samples revealed alterations in the amides and tryptophan, and therefore protein structure at time intervals of 2 and 4 days post-irradiation. No changes were recorded in samples tested at time intervals of 0 and 8 days post-irradiation. The FTIR band intensities of the PBMC proteins of the irradiated samples decreased slightly and were statistically significant. Curve fitting of the amide I band in the FTIR spectra showed changes in the secondary structure of the proteins. At 2 days post-irradiation, fluorescence spectra of the tested samples revealed decreases in the band tryptophan. The comet assay revealed low levels of DNA damage. In conclusion, low-dose fast neutrons can affect the proteins of PBMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Saeed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Physics, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen.
| | - Mohammad N Murshed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Mohayel Aser, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Eman Abdulqader Al-Shahari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Mohayel Aser, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
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Shimura N, Kojima S. The Lowest Radiation Dose Having Molecular Changes in the Living Body. Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818777326. [PMID: 29977175 PMCID: PMC6024299 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818777326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein attempted to identify the lowest radiation dose causing molecular changes in the living body. We investigated the effects of radiation in human cells, animals, and humans. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) formed in cells at γ- or X-ray irradiation doses between 1 mGy and 0.5 Gy; however, the extent of DSB formation differed depending on the cell species. The formation of micronuclei (MNs) and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) was noted at radiation doses between 0.1 and 0.2 Gy. Stress-responsive genes were upregulated by lower radiation doses than those that induced DNA DSBs or MN and NPBs. These γ- or X-ray radiation doses ranged between approximately 10 and 50 mGy. In animals, chromosomal aberrations were detected between 50 mGy and 0.1 Gy of low linear energy transfer radiation, 0.1 Gy of metal ion beams, and 9 mGy of fast neutrons. In humans, DNA damage has been observed in children who underwent computed tomography scans with an estimated blood radiation dose as low as 0.15 mGy shortly after examination. The frequencies of chromosomal translocations were lower in residents of high background areas than in those of control areas. In humans, systemic adaptive responses may have been prominently expressed at these radiation doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Shimura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ohu University, Tomita-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shuji Kojima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Tokyo University of Science (TUS), Chiba, Japan
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Słonina D, Kowalczyk A, Janecka-Widła A, Kabat D, Szatkowski W, Biesaga B. Low-Dose Hypersensitive Response for Residual pATM and γH2AX Foci in Normal Fibroblasts of Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 100:756-766. [PMID: 29248168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To define the dose-response relationship for initial and residual pATM and γH2AX foci and temporal response of pATM foci in fibroblasts of 4 hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS)-positive cancer patients and 8 HRS-negative cancer patients and answer the question regarding the role of DNA double-strand break (DSB) recognition and repair in the mechanism of HRS. METHODS AND MATERIALS The cells were irradiated with single doses (0.1-4 Gy) of 6-MV X rays. The number of initial and residual pATM and γH2AX foci was assessed 1 hour and 24 hours after irradiation, respectively. Kinetics of DSB recognition and repair was estimated by pATM foci assay after irradiation with 0.2 and 2 Gy. RESULTS Hyper-radiosensitivity response (confirmed by the induced-repair model) was clearly evident for residual pATM and γH2AX foci in fibroblasts of HRS-positive patients but not in fibroblasts of HRS-negative patients. Significantly less DSB was recognized by pATM early (10-30 minutes) after irradiation with 0.2 Gy in HRS-positive compared with HRS-negative fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS The present results provide evidence for the role of DSB recognition by pATM and repair in the mechanism of HRS and seem to support the idea of nucleo-shuttling of the pATM protein to be involved in HRS response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Słonina
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Kowalczyk
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Janecka-Widła
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - Damian Kabat
- Department of Medical Physics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - Wiktor Szatkowski
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - Beata Biesaga
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
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Słonina D, Gasińska A, Biesaga B, Janecka A, Kabat D. An association between low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity and the early G2-phase checkpoint in normal fibroblasts of cancer patients. DNA Repair (Amst) 2015; 39:41-5. [PMID: 26725161 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS) effect was demonstrated for normal fibroblasts (asynchronous and G2-phase enriched) of 4 of the 25 cancer patients investigated. For the rest of patients, HRS was not defined in either of the 2 fibroblast populations. Thus, the study indicated that G2-phase enrichment had no influence on HRS identification. The conclusion contradicts that reported for human tumor cells, and suggests different mechanism of HRS in normal human cells. In the present paper we report, for the first time, the activity of early G2-phase checkpoint after low-dose irradiation in normal fibroblasts of these 4 HRS-positive patients and 4 HRS-negative patients and answer the question regarding the role of this checkpoint in normal human cells. The response of the early G2-phase checkpoint was determined by assessment of the progression of irradiated cells into mitosis using the mitotic marker, phosphorylated histone H3. We found evident differences in the activity of the early G2-phase checkpoint between HRS-positive and HRS-negative fibroblasts. In HRS-positive fibroblasts the checkpoint was not triggered and DNA damage was not recognized after doses lower than 0.2Gy resulting in HRS response. On the contrary, in HRS-negative fibroblasts the early G2-phase checkpoint was activated regardless of the dose in the range 0.1-2Gy. In conclusion, although cell cycle phase has no effect on the presence of HRS effect in normal human fibroblasts, the data reported here indicate that HRS response in these cells is associated with the functioning of early G2-phase checkpoint in a threshold-dose dependent manner, similarly as it takes place in most of human tumor and other cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Słonina
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow 31-115, Poland.
| | - Anna Gasińska
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow 31-115, Poland
| | - Beata Biesaga
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow 31-115, Poland
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow 31-115, Poland
| | - Damian Kabat
- Department of Medical Physics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow 31-115, Poland
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Joshi GS, Joiner MC, Tucker JD. Effects of low oxygen levels on G2-specific cytogenetic low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity in irradiated human cells. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2015; 56:545-555. [PMID: 25808121 DOI: 10.1002/em.21948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS) has been reported in normal human lymphoblastoid cell lines for exposures at ≤ 20 cGy, but the cytogenetic effects of oxygen (O2 ) levels in tissue culture medium on HRS have not been evaluated. We asked whether HRS was lost in G2-irradiated cells grown in atmospheres of 2.5% or 5% O2 , compared to responses by cells cultured in ambient O2 (21%). The results indicate a loss of HRS when cells are cultured and irradiated either in 2.5% or 5% O2 . We then evaluated whether low O2 levels either before or after exposure were responsible for the loss of HRS. For cells irradiated in 5% O2 , subsequent immediate re-oxygenation to ambient O2 levels restored the HRS effect, while cells cultured and irradiated at ambient O2 levels and then transferred to 5% O2 exhibited little or no HRS, indicating that ambient O2 levels after, but not before, radiation substantially affect the amounts of cytogenetic damage. HRS was not observed when cells were irradiated in G1. At doses of 40-400 cGy there was significantly less cytogenetic damage when cells were recovering from radiation at low O2 levels than at ambient O2 levels. Here we provide the first cytogenetic evidence for the loss of HRS at low O2 levels in G2-irradiated cells; these results suggest that at low O2 levels for all doses evaluated there is either less damage to DNA, perhaps because of lower amounts of reactive oxygen species, or that DNA damage repair pathways are activated more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gnanada S Joshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Michael C Joiner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - James D Tucker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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