1
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Yan Z, Zhu J, Liu Y, Li Z, Liang X, Zhou S, Hou Y, Chen H, Zhou L, Wang P, Ao X, Gao S, Huang X, Zhou P, Gu Y. DNA-PKcs/AKT1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition during radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inducing ubiquitination and degradation of Twist1. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1690. [PMID: 38760896 PMCID: PMC11101672 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a chronic, progressive, irreversible lung interstitial disease that develops after radiotherapy. Although several previous studies have focused on the mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung epithelial cells, the essential factors involved in this process remain poorly understood. The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) exhibits strong repair capacity when cells undergo radiation-induced damage; whether DNA-PKcs regulates EMT during RIPF remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of DNA-PKcs in RIPF and provide an important theoretical basis for utilising DNA-PKcs-targeted drugs for preventing RIPF. METHODS DNA-PKcs knockout (DPK-/-) mice were generated via the Cas9/sgRNA technique and subjected to whole chest ionizing radiation (IR) at a 20 Gy dose. Before whole chest IR, the mice were intragastrically administered the DNA-PKcs-targeted drug VND3207. Lung tissues were collected at 1 and 5 months after IR. RESULTS The expression of DNA-PKcs is low in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) patients. DNA-PKcs deficiency significantly exacerbated RIPF by promoting EMT in lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, DNA-PKcs deletion by shRNA or inhibitor NU7441 maintained the protein stability of Twist1. Furthermore, AKT1 mediated the interaction between DNA-PKcs and Twist1. High Twist1 expression and EMT-associated changes caused by DNA-PKcs deletion were blocked by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), an AKT1 agonist. The radioprotective drug VND3207 prevented IR-induced EMT and alleviated RIPF in mice by stimulating the kinase activity of DNA-PKcs. CONCLUSION Our study clarified the critical role and mechanism of DNA-PKcs in RIPF and showed that it could be a potential target for preventing RIPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Yifan Hou
- College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Huixi Chen
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xingkun Ao
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xin Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping‐Kun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
- College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
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Naves MPC, de Morais CR, de Freitas V, Ribeiro DL, Lopes DS, Antunes LMG, de Melo Rodrigues V, de Rezende AAA, Spanó MA. Mutagenic and genotoxic activities of Phospholipase A 2 Bothropstoxin-I from Bothrops jararacussu in Drosophila melanogaster and human cell lines. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1602-1610. [PMID: 34033823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 Bothropstoxin-I (PLA2 BthTX-I) is a myotoxic Lys49-PLA2 from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom. In order to evaluate the DNA damage caused by BthTX-I, we used the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster and Comet assay in HUVEC and DU-145 cells. For SMART, different concentrations of BthTX-I (6.72 to 430 μg/mL) were used and no significant changes in the survival rate were observed. Significant frequency of mutant spots was observed for the ST cross at the highest concentration of BthTX-I due to recombinogenic activity. In the HB cross, BthTX-I increased the number of mutant spots at intermediate concentrations, being 53.75 μg/mL highly mutagenic and 107.5 μg/mL predominantly recombinogenic. The highest concentrations were neither mutagenic nor recombinogenic, which could indicate cytotoxicity in the wing cells of D. melanogaster. In vitro, all BthTX-I concentrations (1 to 50 μg/mL) induced decrease in HUVEC cell viability, as well as in DU-145 cells at concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 μg/mL. The comet assay showed that in HUVEC and DU-145 cells, all BthTX-I concentrations promoted increase of DNA damage. Further studies should be performed to elucidate the mechanism of action of PLA2 BthTX-I and its possible use in therapeutic strategies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cássio Resende de Morais
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Vitor de Freitas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Diego Luis Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Lopes
- Multidisciplinary Institute in Health, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mário Antônio Spanó
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Melo Bisneto AVD, Oliveira LCD, Silva Fernandes A, Silva LS, Véras JH, Cardoso CG, E Silva CR, de Moraes Filho AV, Carneiro CC, Chen-Chen L. Recombinogenic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects of azathioprine using in vivo assays. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:261-271. [PMID: 33372579 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1864692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Azathioprine (Aza) is a purine antimetabolite immunosuppressant that is widely employed for immunosuppressive therapy in post-transplant recipients or patients with autoimmune diseases. Chronic use of immunosuppressants might produce several side effects, including a high rate of neoplasms in these patients. Considering that genotoxic effects are associated with an increased risk of developing cancer, the aim of this study was to examine the recombinogenic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects of Aza using Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster, as well as comet and micronucleus assays in mouse bone marrow cells. Further, the adverse effects of Aza were determined in mouse hepatic and renal tissues using histopathological analysis. Data demonstrated that Aza induced significant increased genotoxicity in D. melanogaster and mouse bone marrow cells at all concentrations tested. Homologous recombination was the predominant genotoxic event noted for the first time to be initiated by Aza in SMART. In histopathological analysis, Aza did not show any marked toxic activity in mouse hepatic and renal tissues. Therefore, the high rate of neoplasms reported in patients with long-term use of Aza may be attributed, at least partially, to the genotoxic action of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V D Melo Bisneto
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L C D Oliveira
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - A Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L S Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - J H Véras
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - C G Cardoso
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carolina R E Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - A V de Moraes Filho
- Institute of Health Sciences, Alfredo Nasser University, Aparecida de Goiânia, Brazil
| | - C C Carneiro
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Paulista, Campus Flamboyant, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Naves MPC, de Morais CR, Spanó MA, de Rezende AAA. Mutagenicity and recombinogenicity evaluation of bupropion hydrochloride and trazodone hydrochloride in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110557. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Furlanetto MP, Grivicich I, Dihl RR, Lehmann M, de Souza DS, Plentz RDM. In Vivo Analysis of Photobiomodulation Genotoxicity Using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:536-540. [PMID: 30251923 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2018.4468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been studied mainly for its effects on the repair, regeneration, and healing of tissue due to its direct and indirect actions on cell proliferation. However, it is necessary to consider the way in which laser acts, that is, whether it affects the rates of spontaneous mutation and mitotic recombination of cells. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the genotoxic potential of PBM (904 nm) based on an in vivo bioassay that concomitantly evaluates mitotic recombination and point and chromosomal mutations. METHODS Strains of Drosophila melanogaster that carry specific marker genes were used to detect the induction of mutation and somatic recombination when exposed to different fluences (3, 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2). DNA damage was measured using the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART), which is based on the identification of wing hair with mutant phenotypes that express lesions at DNA level. RESULTS The doses 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2 induced significant increase in the total number of spots compared with the negative control. The highest frequency of spots was caused by the 10 J/cm2. CONCLUSIONS Besides recombination events, the quantitative and qualitative analysis of mutant hairs revealed the occurrence of mutagenic events, both punctual and chromosomal. In addition, the results point to a dose-dependent response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Patrícia Furlanetto
- 1 Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil .,2 PPG Biosaúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil .,3 Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- 2 PPG Biosaúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Dihl
- 2 PPG Biosaúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Lehmann
- 2 PPG Biosaúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Della Méa Plentz
- 1 Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Oliveira VC, Constante SAR, Orsolin PC, Nepomuceno JC, de Rezende AAA, Spanó MA. Modulatory effects of metformin on mutagenicity and epithelial tumor incidence in doxorubicin-treated Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:283-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Fernandes LM, da Rosa Guterres Z, Almeida IV, Vicentini VEP. Genotoxicity and Antigenotoxicity Assessments of the Flavonoid Vitexin by the Drosophila melanogaster Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test. J Med Food 2017; 20:601-609. [PMID: 28541831 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitexin is a C-glycosylated flavone found in various medicinal plants with several proven biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and antioxidant activities. Considering that the human population consumes many foods that contain this flavonoid, the objective of this study was to investigate the genotoxic and the antigenotoxic potentials of vitexin by the SMART (Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test) in Drosophila melanogaster wings, in vivo. To evaluate the genotoxic activity, larvae obtained from standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses were chronically treated with different concentrations of vitexin (0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 mM). For the evaluation of antigenotoxic activity, the same vitexin concentrations were associated with two damage inducing agents: doxorubicin (0.2 mM) and benzo[a]pyrene (1.0 mM). The results obtained for genotoxic activity showed that vitexin did not induce a statistically significant increment in the frequency of mutant spots, when compared to control. The results for the evaluation of antigenotoxicity indicated that the flavonoid statistically reduced the frequency of mutant spots, when compared to those treated with only the damage inducing agents. Thus, this article presents results that have demonstrated the antigenotoxic activity of vitexin, which could be applied in new studies for the development of drugs with chemoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Menezes Fernandes
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá , Maringá, Brazil
| | - Zaira da Rosa Guterres
- 2 Department of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul-Unit Mundo Novo , Mundo Novo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Igor Vivian Almeida
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá , Maringá, Brazil
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Overview of the Role of Vanillin on Redox Status and Cancer Development. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9734816. [PMID: 28077989 PMCID: PMC5204113 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9734816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive natural products play critical roles in modern drug development, especially anticancer agents. It has been widely reported that various pharmacological activities of such compounds are related to their antioxidant properties. Vanillin is a natural substance widely found in many plant species and often used in beverages, foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Antioxidant and anticancer potential have been described for this compound. Considering the importance of vanillin in the area of human health and food and pharmaceuticals sectors, in this review, we discuss the role of vanillin on redox status and its potential contribution to the prevention and the treatment of cancer.
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Gene Expression Profile of Colon Mucosa after Cytotoxic Insult in wt and Apc-Mutated Pirc Rats: Possible Relation to Resistance to Apoptosis during Carcinogenesis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1310342. [PMID: 27840820 PMCID: PMC5093255 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1310342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Apc-mutated Pirc rats, spontaneously developing intestinal tumours, are resistant to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine- (DMH-) induced colon apoptosis. To understand this phenomenon, we analyzed the expression of genotoxic stress-related genes Mgmt, Gsta1, and Gstp1 in the colon of wt and Pirc rats in basal conditions and 24 h after DMH; plasmatic oxidant/antioxidant status was also evaluated. After DMH, Mgmt expression was increased in both genotypes but significantly only in wt rats; Gsta1 expression was significantly increased in both genotypes. Gstp1 expression did not vary after DMH but was lower in Pirc rats. Moreover, for each genotype, we studied by microarray technique whole gene expression profile after DMH. By unsupervised cluster analysis, 28 genes were differentially modulated between the two genotypes. Among them were interferon-induced genes Irf7, Oas1a, Oasl2, and Isg15 and the transcription factor Taf6l, overexpressed in DMH-treated wt rats and unchanged in Pirc rats. RT-PCR confirmed their overexpression in DMH-treated wt rats and showed a slighter variation in DMH-treated Pirc rats. Taken together, despite a blunted induction of Irf7, Oas1a, and Mgmt, defective apoptosis in Pirc rats 24 h after DMH is not mirrored by major differences in gene expression compared with wt rats.
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Machado NM, de Rezende AAA, Nepomuceno JC, Tavares DC, Cunha WR, Spanó MA. Evaluation of mutagenic, recombinogenic and carcinogenic potential of (+)-usnic acid in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 96:226-33. [PMID: 27497765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The main of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of (+) - usnic acid (UA), using Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) and the test for detecting epithelial tumor clones (wts) in Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae from 72 ± 4 h from Drosophila were fed with UA (5.0, 10.0 or 20.0 mM); urethane (10.0 mM) (positive control); and solvent (Milli-Q water, 1% Tween-80 and 3% ethanol) (negative control). ST cross produced increase in total mutant spots in the individuals treated with 5.0, 10.0 or 20.0 mM of UA. HB cross produced spot frequencies in the concentration of 5.0 mM that were higher than the frequency for the same concentration in the ST cross. In the highest concentrations the result was negative, which means that the difference observed can be attributed, in part, to the high levels of P450, suggesting that increasing the metabolic capacity maximized the toxic effect of these doses. In the evaluation of carcinogenesis using the wts test, the results obtained for the same concentrations of UA show a positive result for the presence of tumors when compared to the negative control. We conclude that UA has recombinogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on somatic cells in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayane Moreira Machado
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio César Nepomuceno
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas, Laboratório de Citogenética e Mutagênese, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mário Antônio Spanó
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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da Silva RA, Dihl RR, Dias LP, Costa MP, de Abreu BRR, Cunha KS, Lehmann M. DNA damage protective effect of honey-sweetened cashew apple nectar in Drosophila melanogaster. Genet Mol Biol 2016; 39:431-41. [PMID: 27560988 PMCID: PMC5004822 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2015-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits and derivatives, such as juices, are complex mixtures of chemicals, some of which may have mutagenic and/or carcinogenic potential, while others may have antimutagenic and/or anticancer activities. The modulating effects of honey-sweetened cashew apple nectar (HSCAN), on somatic mutation and recombination induced by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and mitomycin C (MMC) were evaluated with the wing spot test in Drosophila melanogaster using co- and post-treatment protocols. Additionally, the antimutagenic activity of two HSCAN components, cashew apple pulp and honey, in MMC-induced DNA damage was also investigated. HSCAN reduced the mutagenic activity of both EMS and MMC in the co-treatment protocol, but had a co-mutagenic effect when post-administered. Similar results were also observed with honey on MMC mutagenic activity. Cashew apple pulp was effective in exerting protective or enhancing effects on the MMC mutagenicity, depending on the administration protocol and concentration used. Overall, these results indicate that HSCAN, cashew apple and honey seem capable of modulating not only the events that precede the induced DNA damages, but also the Drosophila DNA repair processes involved in the correction of EMS and MMC-induced damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Alves da Silva
- Laboratório de Toxicidade Genética (TOXIGEN), Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBIOSAÚDE),
Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí (IFPI),
Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Dihl
- Laboratório de Toxicidade Genética (TOXIGEN), Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBIOSAÚDE),
Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Pinheiro Dias
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí (IFPI),
Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Maiane Papke Costa
- Laboratório de Toxicidade Genética (TOXIGEN), Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBIOSAÚDE),
Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Regina Ribas de Abreu
- Laboratório de Toxicidade Genética (TOXIGEN), Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBIOSAÚDE),
Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Kênya Silva Cunha
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e
Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de
Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Lehmann
- Laboratório de Toxicidade Genética (TOXIGEN), Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBIOSAÚDE),
Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Pereira Si L, Zafred RRT, Spano MA, Martins GR, Figueiredo CCM, Ferreira PC, Goncalves RM. Pro-oxidant Activity and Genotoxicity of the Astronium fraxinifolium Using Wing SMART and Allium cepa Test. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/rjmp.2016.276.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hanusch AL, de Oliveira GR, de Sabóia-Morais SMT, Machado RC, dos Anjos MM, Chen Chen L. Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of the Neolignan Analogue 2-(4-Nitrophenoxy)-1Phenylethanone and its Protective Effect Against DNA Damage. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142284. [PMID: 26554835 PMCID: PMC4640812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neolignans are secondary metabolites found in various groups of Angiosperms. They belong to a class of natural compounds with great diversity of chemical structures and pharmacological activities. These compounds are formed by linking two phenylpropanoid units. Several compounds that have ability to prevent genetic damage have been isolated from plants, and can be used to prevent or delay the development of tumor cells. Genetic toxicology evaluation is widely used in risk assessment of new drugs in preclinical screening tests. In this study, we evaluated the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of the neolignan analogue 2-(4-nitrophenoxy)-1-phenylethanone (4NF) and its protective effect against DNA damage using the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test and the comet assay in mouse peripheral blood. Our results showed that this neolignan analogue had no genotoxic activity and was able to reduce induced damage both in mouse bone marrow and peripheral blood. Although the neolignan analogue 4NF was cytotoxic, it reduced cyclophosphamide-induced cytotoxicity. In conclusion, it showed no genotoxic action, but exhibited cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and anticytotoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Lucas Hanusch
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Rafael Cosme Machado
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Lee Chen Chen
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Prakash G, Hosetti BB, Dhananjaya BL. Antimutagenic effect of dioscorea pentaphylla on genotoxic effect induced by methyl methanesulfonate in the Drosophila wing spot test. Toxicol Int 2015; 21:258-63. [PMID: 25948963 PMCID: PMC4413407 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6580.155341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Plants as dietary sources are known to have several chemoprotective agents. Dioscorea pentaphylla is an important medicinal plant, which is often used as edible food. This study was undertaken to evaluate the antigenotoxic potential of D. pentaphylla extracts on the genotoxic effect induced by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in the Drosophila wing spot test. Materials and Methods: The somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) was carried out in Drosophila melanogaster. In transheterogyous larvae, multiple wing hair (mwh 3-0.3) and flare (flr3-38.8) genes were used as markers of the extent of mutagenicity. Results: It was observed thatall the three extracts (petroleum ether, choloroform, and ethyl alcohol) in the combined treatment had significantly inhibited the effect of MMS-induced genotoxic effects. When compared to others, the ethanol extract showed a very significant antimutagenic activity. Conclusion: The compounds that are present in the extracts may directly interact with the methyl radical groups of MMS and inactivate them by chemical reaction. It is also possible that the compounds in the extract compete to interact with the nucleophilic sites in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), thus altering the binding of the mutagen to these sites. Although our results indicate that the compounds present in the extracts may directly interact with the methyl radical groups of MMS and inactivate them by chemical reaction, it may also be quite interesting to investigate through the other different mechanisms by which D. pentaphylla could interfere in vivo on the effect of genotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Prakash
- Department of Applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Karnataka, India
| | - B B Hosetti
- Department of Applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Karnataka, India
| | - B L Dhananjaya
- Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Kanakapura Taluk, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Jacociunas LV, Dihl RR, Lehmann M, de Barros Falcão Ferraz A, Richter MF, da Silva J, de Andrade HHR. Effects of artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf and bloom head extracts on chemically induced DNA lesions in Drosophila melanogaster. Genet Mol Biol 2014; 37:90-104. [PMID: 24688296 PMCID: PMC3958332 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572014000100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The genotoxicity of bloom head (BHE) and leaf (LE) extracts from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), and their ability to modulate the mutagenicity and recombinogenicity of two alkylating agents (ethyl methanesulfonate - EMS and mitomycin C - MMC) and the intercalating agent bleomycin (BLM), were examined using the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Neither the mutagenicity nor the recombinogenicity of BLM or MMC was modified by co- or post-treatment with BHE or LE. In contrast, co-treatment with BHE significantly enhanced the EMS-induced genotoxicity involving mutagenic and/or recombinant events. Co-treatment with LE did not alter the genotoxicity of EMS whereas post-treatment with the highest dose of LE significantly increased this genotoxicity. This enhancement included a synergistic increase restricted to somatic recombination. These results show that artichoke extracts promote homologous recombination in proliferative cells of D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vicedo Jacociunas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Dihl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
| | - Mauricio Lehmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
| | - Alexandre de Barros Falcão Ferraz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
| | - Marc François Richter
- Curso de Biologia Marinha e Costeira, Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS,
Brazil
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16
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Prakash G, Hosetti BB, Dhananjaya BL. Protective effect of caffeine on ethyl methanesulfonate-induced wing primordial cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Toxicol Int 2014; 21:96-100. [PMID: 24748742 PMCID: PMC3989923 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6580.128814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The antimutagenic effect of caffeine is evaluated against ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutation rate in Drosophila. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mutation rate is evaluated using wing mosaic assay. In transheterozygous larvae, multiple wing hair (mwh 0.3-3) and flare (flr 3-38.8) genes were used as markers of the extent of mutagenicity. RESULTS The results at 0.5 and 1.0 mM EMS concentration at both 48 ± 4 and 72 ± 4 h have shown consistent increase in mutation rate, which was being measured as frequency of clone formation per 105 cells. Toxicity of caffeine at 5 mM concentration was parallel to that of distilled water alone. At 0.5 mM EMS concentration at 42 ± 4 and 72 ± 4 h, Drosophila larvae mutation rate was significantly increased. Although caffeine prevented mutation rate in all pre, post, and combined treatment, it was more significant in pretreatment experiments where it was found to be effective in reducing the genotoxicity of EMS. However, the concentration of caffeine as recommended in dietary allowance did not induce the frequency of mutant clones in somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) recorded. CONCLUSION This study shows that caffeine significantly reduced the genotoxicity induced by EMS. However, the limitation in completely abolishing genotoxicity induced by EMS as observed at the dietary allowance of caffeine makes it interesting for further in-depth study. Further studies on the molecular mechanism of antigenotoxic effect of caffeine will also be interesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Prakash
- Department of Applied Zoology, and Department of Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Malligenahalli, India
- Department of Piramal Enterprises Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - B. B. Hosetti
- Department of Applied Zoology, and Department of Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Malligenahalli, India
| | - B. L. Dhananjaya
- Department of Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Center for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara, Karnataka, India
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17
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Pádua PFMR, Dihl RR, Lehmann M, de Abreu BRR, Richter MF, de Andrade HHR. Genotoxic, antigenotoxic and phytochemical assessment of Terminalia actinophylla ethanolic extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:521-7. [PMID: 24071477 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Terminalia actinophylla has been used for anti-diarrheic and haemostatic purposes in Brazil. The fly spot data obtained after exposure of marker-heterozygous Drosophila melanogaster larvae to T. actinophylla ethanolic extract (TAE) in the standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses revealed that TAE did not induce any statistically significant increment in any spot categories. Differences between the two crosses are related to cytochrome P450 (CYPs) levels. In this sense, our data pointed out the absence of TAE-direct and indirect mutagenic and recombinagenic action in the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART). When the anti-genotoxicity of TAE was analyzed, neither mitomycin C (MMC) nor ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) genotoxicity was modified by the post-exposure to TAE, which suggests that TAE has no effect on the mechanisms involved in the processing of the lesions induced by both genotoxins. In the mwh/flr(3) genotype, co-treatment with TAE may lead to a significant protection against the genotoxicity of MMC and a weak but significant effect in the toxic genetic action of EMS. The overall findings suggested that the favorable modulations by TAE could be, at least in part, due to its antioxidative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F M R Pádua
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada (PPGGTA), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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18
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Franchi LP, Guimarães NN, De Andrade LR, De Andrade HHR, Lehmann M, Dihl RR, Cunha KS. Antimutagenic and antirecombinagenic activities of noni fruit juice in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2013; 85:585-94. [PMID: 23828338 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652013000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Noni, a Hawaiian name for the fruit of Morinda citrifolia L., is a traditional medicinal plant from Polynesia widely used for the treatment of many diseases including arthritis, diabetes, asthma, hypertension and cancer. Here, a commercial noni juice (TNJ) was evaluated for its protective activities against the lesions induced by mitomycin C (MMC) and doxorrubicin (DXR) using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Three-day-old larvae, trans-heterozygous for two genetic markers (mwh and flr3 ), were co-treated with TNJ plus MMC or DXR. We have observed a reduction in genotoxic effects of MMC and DXR caused by the juice. TNJ provoked a marked decrease in all kinds of MMC- and DXR-induced mutant spots, mainly due to its antirecombinagenic activity. The TNJ protective effects were concentration-dependent, indicating a dose-response correlation, that can be attributed to a powerful antioxidant and/or free radical scavenger ability of TNJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo P Franchi
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás/UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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19
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A comparative study of the modulatory effects of (−)-cubebin on the mutagenicity/recombinogenicity induced by different chemical agents. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 55:645-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Danesi CC, Dihl RR, Bellagamba BC, de Andrade HHR, Cunha KS, Guimarães NN, Lehmann M. Genotoxicity testing of combined treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin, and 5-fluorouracil in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 2012; 747:228-33. [PMID: 22640881 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous treatment with the cross-linking agent cisplatin, the radiomimetic antitumoral drug bleomycin, and the anti-metabolite drug 5-fluorouracil has been used as a regimen to treat patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Considering that these drugs interact directly with DNA, one of the important late-occurring complications from treatment of primary malignancies is the therapy-related secondary cancers as a result of the genotoxic activity of the drugs on normal cells. In this sense, the genotoxicity of this combination was evaluated using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster. The mutant spots observed in marker-heterozygous and balancer-heterozygous flies were compared in order to quantitatively and qualitatively estimate the genotoxic effect of these drugs. Cisplatin (0.003 and 0.006mM), bleomycin (0.005 and 0.01mM), and both combinations preferentially induced recombinational events, while mutation is the major event regarding the genetic toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (0.025 and 0.05mM). The combination of these drugs produced synergistic and antagonistic genotoxic effects, depending on the concentrations used, which could impose a higher risk of secondary effects associated with their genotoxic effects, emphasizing the importance of long-term monitoring in patients being treated with these drugs.
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21
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de Rezende A, e Silva M, Tavares D, Cunha W, Rezende K, Bastos J, Lehmann M, de Andrade H, Guterres Z, Silva L, Spanó M. The effect of the dibenzylbutyrolactolic lignan (−)-cubebin on doxorubicin mutagenicity and recombinogenicity in wing somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:1235-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Aydemir N, Sevim N, Celikler S, Vatan O, Bilaloglu R. Antimutagenicity of amifostine against the anticancer drug fotemustine in the Drosophila somatic mutation and recombination (SMART) test. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2009; 679:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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de Rezende AAA, Graf U, Guterres ZDR, Kerr WE, Spanó MA. Protective effects of proanthocyanidins of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seeds on DNA damage induced by Doxorubicin in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:1466-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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de Sousa NC, de Rezende AAA, da Silva RMG, Guterres ZR, Graf U, Kerr WE, Spanó MA. Modulatory effects of Tabebuia impetiginosa (Lamiales, Bignoniaceae) on doxorubicin-induced somatic mutation and recombination in Drosophila melanogaster. Genet Mol Biol 2009; 32:382-8. [PMID: 21637695 PMCID: PMC3036921 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572009005000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The wing Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in D. melanogaster was used to study genotoxicity of the medicinal plant Tabebuia impetiginosa. Lapachol (naphthoquinone) and β-lapachone (quinone) are the two main chemical constituents of T. impetiginosa. These compounds have several biological properties. They induce apoptosis by generating oxygen-reactive species, thereby inhibiting topoisomerases (I and II) or inducing other enzymes dependent on NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, thus affecting cell cycle checkpoints. The SMART was used in the standard (ST) version, which has normal levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, to check the direct action of this compound, and in the high bioactivation (HB) version, which has a high constitutive level of CYP enzymes, to check for indirect action in three different T. impetiginosa concentrations (10%, 20% or 40% w/w). It was observed that T. impetiginosa alone did not modify the spontaneous frequencies of mutant spots in either cross. The negative results observed prompted us to study this phytotherapeuticum in association with the reference mutagen doxorubicin (DXR). In co-treated series, T. impetiginosa was toxic in both crosses at higher concentration, whereas in the HB cross, it induced a considerable potentiating effect (from ~24.0 to ~95.0%) on DXR genotoxity. Therefore, further research is needed to determine the possible risks associated with the exposure of living organisms to this complex mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neila C de Sousa
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Catalão, Catalão, GO Brazil
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Pereira DG, Antunes LM, Graf U, Spanó MA. Protection by Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer against the genotoxicity of doxorubicin in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Genet Mol Biol 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572008000500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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26
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Schneider LE, do Amaral VS, Dihl RR, Lehmann M, Reguly ML, de Andrade HHR. Assessment of genotoxicity of Lidocaine, Prilonest and Septanest in the Drosophila wing-spot test. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 47:205-8. [PMID: 19027815 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The scope of this study was to characterize the likely interaction Lidocaine, Prilonest and Septanest have with DNA, with a view to quantitatively and qualitatively establishing mutagenic, clastogenic, and/or recombinagenic activity of those compounds. The wing somatic mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster, which detects simultaneously point and chromosomal mutations as well as recombination induced by the activity of genotoxins of direct and indirect action, was used. Each of the anesthetics was tested at different concentrations, administered orally for 48 h to 3rd-stage larvae, in two independent experiments, with concurrent negative controls. The results obtained revealed that only Prilonest exhibits genotoxic activity in somatic cells, being able to induce exclusively homologous recombination. Additionally, it was possible to conclude that the genotoxic effect attributed to Prilonest is not related to metabolites produced via the P450-type enzymes. However, both Lidocaine and Septanest are unable to induce either events related to gene and chromosomal mutation, or reciprocal recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Schneider
- Laboratório da Toxicidade Genética (TOXIGEN), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada (PPGGTA), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Predio 22, 4 degrees andar, Sala 25, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Inhibitory effects of water extract of propolis on doxorubicin-induced somatic mutation and recombination in Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:1103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 10/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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28
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Furlanetto MP, Sinigaglia M, Amaral VSD, Dihl RR, de Andrade HHR. Effect of vanillin on toxicant-induced lethality in the Drosophila melanogaster DNA repair test. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2007; 48:67-70. [PMID: 17177210 DOI: 10.1002/em.20275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Vanillin (VA) modulates the genotoxicity of chemical and physical agents in a complex manner. Previous studies indicate that VA inhibits the mutagenicity but increases the mitotic homologous recombination caused by at least some genotoxic agents. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of VA on the repair of lethal damage produced by three genotoxins, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), and mitomycin C (MMC), using the DNA repair test (DRT) in Drosophila melanogaster. VA, 0.25% and 0.5% (w/v), increased the toxicity of MMC and EMS in repair-deficient flies, as measured by a decrease in the proportion of male to female progeny in the DRT; sex ratios decreased from 18-48% for MMC and 21-97% for EMS. These effects may be caused by the inhibition of nonhomologous DNA end joining caused by VA. In contrast to the results with MMC and EMS, VA protected against the lethality of ENU in repair-defective flies, as measured by a 43-207% increase in the survival of male flies in the DRT. It was inferred that the protective effect was due to VA modulating stages prior to the induction of ENU lesions in DNA, including modulating the antioxidant properties of VA and/or to its interference with the metabolic activation and/or detoxification of specific genotoxins. The results from this study indicate that the characterization of VA as a promising agent for preventing damage to genes and chromosomes should be tempered by observations that VA can increase the toxicity of chemical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Patrícia Furlanetto
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico da Toxicidade Genética-TOXIGEN, Universidade Luterana, do Brasil-ULBRA, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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