1
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Pan L, Boldogh I. The potential for OGG1 inhibition to be a therapeutic strategy for pulmonary diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:117-130. [PMID: 38344773 PMCID: PMC11111349 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2317900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary diseases impose a daunting burden on healthcare systems and societies. Current treatment approaches primarily address symptoms, underscoring the urgency for the development of innovative pharmaceutical solutions. A noteworthy focus lies in targeting enzymes recognizing oxidatively modified DNA bases within gene regulatory elements, given their pivotal role in governing gene expression. AREAS COVERED This review delves into the intricate interplay between the substrate-specific binding of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) and epigenetic regulation, with a focal point on elucidating the molecular underpinnings and their biological implications. The absence of OGG1 distinctly attenuates the binding of transcription factors to cis elements, thereby modulating pro-inflammatory or pro-fibrotic transcriptional activity. Through a synergy of experimental insights gained from cell culture studies and murine models, utilizing prototype OGG1 inhibitors (O8, TH5487, and SU0268), a promising panorama emerges. These investigations underscore the absence of cytotoxicity and the establishment of a favorable tolerance profile for these OGG1 inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION Thus, the strategic targeting of the active site pocket of OGG1 through the application of small molecules introduces an innovative trajectory for advancing redox medicine. This approach holds particular significance in the context of pulmonary diseases, offering a refined avenue for their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
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2
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Viner C, Ishak CA, Johnson J, Walker NJ, Shi H, Sjöberg-Herrera MK, Shen SY, Lardo SM, Adams DJ, Ferguson-Smith AC, De Carvalho DD, Hainer SJ, Bailey TL, Hoffman MM. Modeling methyl-sensitive transcription factor motifs with an expanded epigenetic alphabet. Genome Biol 2024; 25:11. [PMID: 38191487 PMCID: PMC10773111 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcription factors bind DNA in specific sequence contexts. In addition to distinguishing one nucleobase from another, some transcription factors can distinguish between unmodified and modified bases. Current models of transcription factor binding tend not to take DNA modifications into account, while the recent few that do often have limitations. This makes a comprehensive and accurate profiling of transcription factor affinities difficult. RESULTS Here, we develop methods to identify transcription factor binding sites in modified DNA. Our models expand the standard A/C/G/T DNA alphabet to include cytosine modifications. We develop Cytomod to create modified genomic sequences and we also enhance the MEME Suite, adding the capacity to handle custom alphabets. We adapt the well-established position weight matrix (PWM) model of transcription factor binding affinity to this expanded DNA alphabet. Using these methods, we identify modification-sensitive transcription factor binding motifs. We confirm established binding preferences, such as the preference of ZFP57 and C/EBPβ for methylated motifs and the preference of c-Myc for unmethylated E-box motifs. CONCLUSIONS Using known binding preferences to tune model parameters, we discover novel modified motifs for a wide array of transcription factors. Finally, we validate our binding preference predictions for OCT4 using cleavage under targets and release using nuclease (CUT&RUN) experiments across conventional, methylation-, and hydroxymethylation-enriched sequences. Our approach readily extends to other DNA modifications. As more genome-wide single-base resolution modification data becomes available, we expect that our method will yield insights into altered transcription factor binding affinities across many different modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coby Viner
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Charles A Ishak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Johnson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicolas J Walker
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Marcela K Sjöberg-Herrera
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, England
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Santana M Lardo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah J Hainer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy L Bailey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Michael M Hoffman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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3
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Desaulniers D, Zhou G, Stalker A, Cummings-Lorbetskie C. Effects of Copper or Zinc Organometallics on Cytotoxicity, DNA Damage and Epigenetic Changes in the HC-04 Human Liver Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15580. [PMID: 37958568 PMCID: PMC10650525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper and zinc organometallics have multiple applications and many are considered "data-poor" because the available toxicological information is insufficient for comprehensive health risk assessments. To gain insight into the chemical prioritization and potential structure activity relationship, the current work compares the in vitro toxicity of nine "data-poor" chemicals to five structurally related chemicals and to positive DNA damage inducers (4-nitroquinoline-oxide, aflatoxin-B1). The HC-04 non-cancer human liver cell line was used to investigate the concentration-response effects (24 h and 72 h exposure) on cell proliferation, DNA damage (γH2AX and DNA unwinding assays), and epigenetic effects (global genome changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications using flow cytometry). The 24 h exposure screening data (DNA abundance and damage) suggest a toxicity hierarchy, starting with copper dimethyldithiocarbamate (CDMDC, CAS#137-29-1) > zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEDC, CAS#14324-55-1) > benzenediazonium, 4-chloro-2-nitro-, and tetrachlorozincate(2-) (2:1) (BDCN4CZ, CAS#14263-89-9); the other chemicals were less toxic and had alternate ranking positions depending on assays. The potency of CDMDC for inducing DNA damage was close to that of the human hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin-B1. Further investigation using sodium-DMDC (SDMDC, CAS#128-04-1), CDMDC and copper demonstrated the role of the interactions between copper and the DMDC organic moiety in generating a high level of CDMDC toxicity. In contrast, additive interactions were not observed with respect to the DNA methylation flow cytometry data in 72 h exposure experiments. They revealed chemical-specific effects, with hypo and hypermethylation induced by copper chloride (CuCl2, CAS#10125-13-0) and zinc-DMDC (ZDMDC, CAS#137-30-4), respectively, but did not show any significant effect of CDMDC or SDMDC. Histone-3 hypoacetylation was a sensitive flow cytometry marker of 24 h exposure to CDMDC. This study can provide insights regarding the prioritization of chemicals for future study, with the aim being to mitigate chemical hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Desaulniers
- Health Canada, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (D.D.)
| | - Gu Zhou
- Health Canada, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (D.D.)
| | - Andrew Stalker
- Health Canada, Regulatory Research Division, Biologics and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
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4
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Desaulniers D, Cummings-Lorbetskie C, Leingartner K, Meier MJ, Pickles JC, Yauk CL. DNA methylation changes from primary cultures through senescence-bypass in Syrian hamster fetal cells initially exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. Toxicology 2023; 487:153451. [PMID: 36754249 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Current chemical testing strategies are limited in their ability to detect non-genotoxic carcinogens (NGTxC). Epigenetic anomalies develop during carcinogenesis regardless of whether the molecular initiating event is associated with genotoxic (GTxC) or NGTxC events; therefore, epigenetic markers may be harnessed to develop new approach methodologies that improve the detection of both types of carcinogens. This study used Syrian hamster fetal cells to establish the chronology of carcinogen-induced DNA methylation changes from primary cells until senescence-bypass as an essential carcinogenic step. Cells exposed to solvent control for 7 days were compared to naïve primary cultures, to cells exposed for 7 days to benzo[a]pyrene, and to cells at the subsequent transformation stages: normal colonies, morphologically transformed colonies, senescence, senescence-bypass, and sustained proliferation in vitro. DNA methylation changes identified by reduced representation bisulphite sequencing were minimal at day-7. Profound DNA methylation changes arose during cellular senescence and some of these early differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were preserved through the final sustained proliferation stage. A set of these DMRs (e.g., Pou4f1, Aifm3, B3galnt2, Bhlhe22, Gja8, Klf17, and L1l) were validated by pyrosequencing and their reproducibility was confirmed across multiple clones obtained from a different laboratory. These DNA methylation changes could serve as biomarkers to enhance objectivity and mechanistic understanding of cell transformation and could be used to predict senescence-bypass and chemical carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Desaulniers
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | | | - Karen Leingartner
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Matthew J Meier
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | | | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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5
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Bello D, Chanetsa L, Christophi CA, Singh D, Setyawati MI, Christiani DC, Chotirmall SH, Ng KW, Demokritou P. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in urine and plasma of operators at six Singapore printing centers and their association with several metrics of printer-emitted nanoparticle exposures. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:913-934. [PMID: 36774544 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2175735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of nanoparticles emitted from toner-based printing equipment (TPE), such as laser printers and photocopiers, also known as PEPs, has been associated with systemic inflammation, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disorders, and genotoxicity. Global serum metabolomics analysis in 19 healthy TPE operators found 52 dysregulated biomolecules involved in upregulation of inflammation, immune, and antioxidant responses and downregulation of cellular energetics and cell proliferation. Here, we build on the metabolomics study by investigating the association of a panel of nine urinary OS biomarkers reflecting DNA/RNA damage (8OHdG, 8OHG, and 5OHMeU), protein/amino acid oxidation (o-tyrosine, 3-chlorotyrosine, and 3-nitrotyrosine), and lipid oxidation (8-isoprostane, 4-hydroxy nonenal, and malondialdehyde [MDA]), as well as plasma total MDA and total protein carbonyl (TPC), with several nanoparticle exposure metrics in the same 19 healthy TPE operators. Plasma total MDA, urinary 5OHMeU, 3-chlorotyrosine, and 3-nitrotyrosine were positively, whereas o-tyrosine inversely and statistically significantly associated with PEPs exposure in multivariate models, after adjusting for age and urinary creatinine. Urinary 8OHdG, 8OHG, 5OHMeU, and total MDA in urine and plasma had group mean values higher than expected in healthy controls without PEPs exposure and comparable to those of workers experiencing low to moderate levels of oxidative stress (OS). The highest exposure group had OS biomarker values, most notably 8OHdG, 8OHG, and total MDA, that compared to workers exposed to welding fumes and titanium dioxide. Particle number concentration was the most sensitive and robust exposure metric. A combination of nanoparticle number concentration and OS potential of fresh aerosols is recommended for larger scale future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimiter Bello
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.,Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucia Chanetsa
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Costas A Christophi
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David C Christiani
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Zhang Y, Bello A, Ryan DK, Demokritou P, Bello D. Elevated Urinary Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage in Photocopier Operators following Acute and Chronic Exposures. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040715. [PMID: 35215044 PMCID: PMC8878876 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation exposures to nanoparticles (NPs) from printers and photocopiers have been associated with upper airway and systemic inflammation, increased blood pressure, and cases of autoimmune and respiratory disorders. In this study we investigate oxidative stress induced by exposures to copier-emitted nanoparticles using a panel of urinary oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers representing DNA damage (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG; 8-hydroxyguanosine, 8-OHG; 5-hydroxymethyl uracil 5-OHMeU), lipid peroxidation (8-isoprostane; 4-hydroxynonenal, HNE), and protein oxidation biomarkers (o-tyrosine, 3-chlorotyrosine, and 3-nitrotyrosine) under conditions of acute (single 6 h exposure, 9 volunteers, 110 urine samples) and chronic exposures (6 workers, 11 controls, 81 urine samples). Urinary biomarkers were quantified with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction sample cleanup. 8-OHdG, 8-OHG, 8-isoprostane, and HNE were significantly elevated in both the acute and chronic exposure study participants relative to the controls. In the acute exposure study, the geometric mean ratios post-/pre-exposure were 1.42, 1.10, 2.0, and 2.25, respectively. Urinary 8-OHG and HNE increased with time to at least 36 h post-exposure (post-/pre-exposure GM ratios increased to 3.94 and 2.33, respectively), suggesting slower generation and/or urinary excretion kinetics for these biomarkers. In chronically exposed operators, the GM ratios of urinary biomarkers relative to controls ranged from 1.52 to 2.94, depending on the biomarker. O-Tyrosine and 5-OHMeU biomarkers were not significantly different from the controls. 3-chlorotyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosine were not detected in the urine samples. We conclude that NPs from photocopiers induce systemic oxidative stress by damaging DNA, RNA, and lipids. Urinary levels of 8-OHdG, 8-OHG, HNE, and 8-isoprostane were orders of magnitude higher than in nanocomposite processing workers, comparable to nano titanium dioxide and fiberglass manufacturing workers, but much lower than in shipyard welding and carbon nanotube synthesis workers. Biomarkers 8-OHdG, 8-OHG, 8-isoprostane, and HNE appear to be more sensitive and robust urinary biomarkers for monitoring oxidative stress to NPs from photocopiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA; (Y.Z.); (D.K.R.)
| | - Anila Bello
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
| | - David K. Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA; (Y.Z.); (D.K.R.)
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Dhimiter Bello
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
- Correspondence:
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7
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Bhatia S, Arslan E, Rodriguez-Hernandez L, Bonin R, Wells PG. DNA damage and repair and epigenetic modification in the role of oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) in brain development. Toxicol Sci 2022; 187:93-111. [PMID: 35038743 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) repairs the predominant reactive oxygen species (ROS)-initiated DNA lesion 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). Human OGG1 polymorphisms resulting in reduced DNA repair associate with an increased risk for disorders like cancer and diabetes, but the role of OGG1 in brain development is unclear. Herein, we show that Ogg1 knockout mice at 2-3 months of age exhibit enhanced gene- and sex-dependent DNA damage (strand breaks) and decreased epigenetic DNA methylation marks (5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine), both of which were associated with increased cerebellar calbindin levels, reduced hippocampal postsynaptic function, altered body weight with age and disorders of brain function reflected in behavioural tests for goal-directed repetitive behaviour, anxiety and fear, object recognition and spatial memory, motor coordination and startle response. These results suggest that OGG1 plays an important role in normal brain development, possibly via both its DNA repair activity and its role as an epigenetic modifier, with OGG1 deficiencies potentially contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Bhatia
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eliyas Arslan
- Dept. of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luis Rodriguez-Hernandez
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Bonin
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter G Wells
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dept. of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Burchat N, Sharma P, Ye H, Komakula SSB, Dobrzyn A, Vartanian V, Lloyd RS, Sampath H. Maternal Transmission of Human OGG1 Protects Mice Against Genetically- and Diet-Induced Obesity Through Increased Tissue Mitochondrial Content. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:718962. [PMID: 34604220 PMCID: PMC8480284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.718962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic disorders are pressing public health concerns, raising the risk for a multitude of chronic diseases. Obesity is multi-factorial disease, with both diet and lifestyle, as well as genetic and developmental factors leading to alterations in energy balance. In this regard, a novel role for DNA repair glycosylases in modulating risk for obesity has been previously established. Global deletion of either of two different glycosylases with varying substrate specificities, Nei-like endonuclease 1 (NEIL1) or 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1), both predispose mice to diet-induced obesity (DIO). Conversely, enhanced expression of the human OGG1 gene renders mice resistant to obesity and adiposity. This resistance to DIO is mediated through increases in whole body energy expenditure and increased respiration in adipose tissue. Here, we report that hOGG1 expression also confers resistance to genetically-induced obesity. While Agouti obese (Ay/a) mice are hyperphagic and consequently develop obesity on a chow diet, hOGG1 expression in Ay/a mice (Ay/aTg) prevents increased body weight, without reducing food intake. Instead, obesity resistance in Ay/aTg mice is accompanied by increased whole body energy expenditure and tissue mitochondrial content. We also report for the first time that OGG1-mediated obesity resistance in both the Ay/a model and DIO model requires maternal transmission of the hOGG1 transgene. Maternal, but not paternal, transmission of the hOGG1 transgene is associated with obesity resistance and increased mitochondrial content in adipose tissue. These data demonstrate a critical role for OGG1 in modulating energy balance through changes in adipose tissue function. They also demonstrate the importance of OGG1 in modulating developmental programming of mitochondrial content and quality, thereby determining metabolic outcomes in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Burchat
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Hong Ye
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sai Santosh Babu Komakula
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vladimir Vartanian
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - R Stephen Lloyd
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Harini Sampath
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.,Center for Microbiome, Nutrition, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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9
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Malfatti MC, Antoniali G, Codrich M, Burra S, Mangiapane G, Dalla E, Tell G. New perspectives in cancer biology from a study of canonical and non-canonical functions of base excision repair proteins with a focus on early steps. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:129-149. [PMID: 31858150 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of DNA repair enzymes and consequential triggering of aberrant DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are thought to play a pivotal role in genomic instabilities associated with cancer development, and are further thought to be important predictive biomarkers for therapy using the synthetic lethality paradigm. However, novel unpredicted perspectives are emerging from the identification of several non-canonical roles of DNA repair enzymes, particularly in gene expression regulation, by different molecular mechanisms, such as (i) non-coding RNA regulation of tumour suppressors, (ii) epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of genes involved in genotoxic responses and (iii) paracrine effects of secreted DNA repair enzymes triggering the cell senescence phenotype. The base excision repair (BER) pathway, canonically involved in the repair of non-distorting DNA lesions generated by oxidative stress, ionising radiation, alkylation damage and spontaneous or enzymatic deamination of nucleotide bases, represents a paradigm for the multifaceted roles of complex DDR in human cells. This review will focus on what is known about the canonical and non-canonical functions of BER enzymes related to cancer development, highlighting novel opportunities to understand the biology of cancer and representing future perspectives for designing new anticancer strategies. We will specifically focus on APE1 as an example of a pleiotropic and multifunctional BER protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Clarissa Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marta Codrich
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Silvia Burra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mangiapane
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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10
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Chao MR, Evans MD, Hu CW, Ji Y, Møller P, Rossner P, Cooke MS. Biomarkers of nucleic acid oxidation - A summary state-of-the-art. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101872. [PMID: 33579665 PMCID: PMC8113048 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidatively generated damage to DNA has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases. Increasingly, interest is also focusing upon the effects of damage to the other nucleic acids, RNA and the (2′-deoxy-)ribonucleotide pools, and evidence is growing that these too may have an important role in disease. LC-MS/MS has the ability to provide absolute quantification of specific biomarkers, such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyGuo (8-oxodG), in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and 8-oxoGuo in RNA. However, significant quantities of tissue are needed, limiting its use in human biomonitoring studies. In contrast, the comet assay requires much less material, and as little as 5 μL of blood may be used, offering a minimally invasive means of assessing oxidative stress in vivo, but this is restricted to nuclear DNA damage only. Urine is an ideal matrix in which to non-invasively study nucleic acid-derived biomarkers of oxidative stress, and considerable progress has been made towards robustly validating these measurements, not least through the efforts of the European Standards Committee on Urinary (DNA) Lesion Analysis. For urine, LC-MS/MS is considered the gold standard approach, and although there have been improvements to the ELISA methodology, this is largely limited to 8-oxodG. Emerging DNA adductomics approaches, which either comprehensively assess the totality of adducts in DNA, or map DNA damage across the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, offer the potential to considerably advance our understanding of the mechanistic role of oxidatively damaged nucleic acids in disease. Oxidatively damaged nucleic acids are implicated in the pathogenesis of disease. LC-MS/MS, comet assay and ELISA are often used to study oxidatively damaged DNA. Urinary oxidatively damaged nucleic acids non-invasively reflect oxidative stress. DNA adductomics will aid understanding the role of ROS damaged DNA in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Rong Chao
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Mark D Evans
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Chiung-Wen Hu
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Yunhee Ji
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
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11
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Prasad R, Yen TJ, Bellacosa A. Active DNA demethylation-The epigenetic gatekeeper of development, immunity, and cancer. ADVANCED GENETICS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2020; 2:e10033. [PMID: 36618446 PMCID: PMC9744510 DOI: 10.1002/ggn2.10033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a critical process in the regulation of gene expression with dramatic effects in development and continually expanding roles in oncogenesis. 5-Methylcytosine was once considered to be an inherited and stably repressive epigenetic mark, which can be only removed by passive dilution during multiple rounds of DNA replication. However, in the past two decades, physiologically controlled DNA demethylation and deamination processes have been identified, thereby revealing the function of cytosine methylation as a highly regulated and complex state-not simply a static, inherited signature or binary on-off switch. Alongside these fundamental discoveries, clinical studies over the past decade have revealed the dramatic consequences of aberrant DNA demethylation. In this review we discuss DNA demethylation and deamination in the context of 5-methylcytosine as critical processes for physiological and physiopathological transitions within three states-development, immune maturation, and oncogenic transformation; and we describe the expanding role of DNA demethylating drugs as therapeutic agents in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Prasad
- Cancer Epigenetics and Cancer Biology Programs, Fox Chase Cancer CenterPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Timothy J. Yen
- Cancer Epigenetics and Cancer Biology Programs, Fox Chase Cancer CenterPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Alfonso Bellacosa
- Cancer Epigenetics and Cancer Biology Programs, Fox Chase Cancer CenterPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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12
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Gorini F, Scala G, Di Palo G, Dellino GI, Cocozza S, Pelicci PG, Lania L, Majello B, Amente S. The genomic landscape of 8-oxodG reveals enrichment at specific inherently fragile promoters. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:4309-4324. [PMID: 32198884 PMCID: PMC7192600 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is the most common marker of oxidative stress and its accumulation within the genome has been associated with major human health issues such as cancer, aging, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The characterization of the different genomic sites where 8-oxodG accumulates and the mechanisms underlying its formation are still poorly understood. Using OxiDIP-seq, we recently derived the genome-wide distribution of 8-oxodG in human non-tumorigenic epithelial breast cells (MCF10A). Here, we identify a subset of human promoters that accumulate 8-oxodG under steady-state condition. 8-oxodG nucleotides co-localize with double strand breaks (DSBs) at bidirectional and CG skewed promoters and their density correlate with RNA Polymerase II co-occupancy and transcription. Furthermore, by performing OxiDIP-seq in quiescent (G0) cells, we found a strong reduction of oxidatively-generated damage in the majority of 8-oxodG-positive promoters in the absence of DNA replication. Overall, our results suggest that the accumulation of 8-oxodG at gene promoters occurs through DNA replication-dependent or -independent mechanisms, with a possible contribution to the formation of cancer-associated translocation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scala
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Di Palo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Ivan Dellino
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Cocozza
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Lania
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Majello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Amente
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
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13
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Di Liberto D, D’Anneo A, Carlisi D, Emanuele S, De Blasio A, Calvaruso G, Giuliano M, Lauricella M. Brain Opioid Activity and Oxidative Injury: Different Molecular Scenarios Connecting Celiac Disease and Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E437. [PMID: 32659996 PMCID: PMC7407635 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10070437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac Disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease triggered by the ingestion of wheat gliadin and related prolamins from other cereals, such as barley and rye. Immunity against these cereal-derived proteins is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by both innate and adaptive system response in individuals unable to adequately digest them. Peptides generated in this condition are absorbed across the gut barrier, which in these patients is characterized by the deregulation of its permeability. Here, we discuss a possible correlation between CD and Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) pathogenesis. ASD can be induced by an excessive and inappropriate brain opioid activity during the neonatal period. Cereal-derived peptides produced in celiac patients cross the blood-brain barrier and bind to endogenous opioid receptors interfering with neurotransmission and generating deleterious effects on brain maturation, learning and social relations. Moreover, an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease in the antioxidant capacity, as well as an extended mitochondrial impairment in the brain, could represent a possible connection between ASD and CD. Therefore, we critically discuss the proposed relationship between ASD and CD and the possible usefulness of a gluten-free diet in ASD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Di Liberto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Antonella D’Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (S.E.)
| | - Anna De Blasio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Calvaruso
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (S.E.)
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14
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Bláhová L, Nováková Z, Večeřa Z, Vrlíková L, Dočekal B, Dumková J, Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Buchtová M, Hampl A, Hilscherová K, Bláha L. The effects of nano-sized PbO on biomarkers of membrane disruption and DNA damage in a sub-chronic inhalation study on mice. Nanotoxicology 2019; 14:214-231. [PMID: 31726900 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1685696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the production of engineered nanoparticles increases our knowledge of toxicity and mechanisms of bioactivity during relevant exposures is lacking. In the present study mice were exposed to PbO nanoparticles (PbONP; 192.5 µg/m3; 1.93 × 106 particles/cm3) for 2, 5 and 13 weeks through continuous inhalation. The analyses addressed Pb and PbONP distribution in organs (lung, liver, kidney, brain) using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, as well as histopathology and analyses of oxidative stress biomarkers. New LC-MS/MS methods were validated for biomarkers of lipid damage F2-isoprostanes (8-iso-prostaglandins F2-alpha and E2) and hydroxylated deoxoguanosine (8-OHdG, marker of DNA oxidation). Commonly studied malondialdehyde was also measured as TBARS by HPLC-DAD. The study revealed fast blood transport and distribution of Pb from the lung to the kidney and liver. A different Pb accumulation trend was observed in the brain, suggesting transfer of NP along the nasal nerve to the olfactory bulbs. Long-term inhalation of PbONP caused lipid peroxidation in animal brains (increased levels of TBARS and both isoprostanes). Membrane lipid damage was also detected in the kidney after shorter exposures, but not in the liver or lung. On the contrary, longer exposures to PbONP increased levels of 8-OHdG in the lung and temporarily increased lung weight after 2 and 5 weeks of exposure. The histopathological changes observed mainly in the lung and liver indicated inflammation and general toxicity responses. The present long-term inhalation study indicates risks of PbONP to both human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bláhová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nováková
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dumková
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Bláha
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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Amente S, Di Palo G, Scala G, Castrignanò T, Gorini F, Cocozza S, Moresano A, Pucci P, Ma B, Stepanov I, Lania L, Pelicci PG, Dellino GI, Majello B. Genome-wide mapping of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine reveals accumulation of oxidatively-generated damage at DNA replication origins within transcribed long genes of mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:221-236. [PMID: 30462294 PMCID: PMC6326803 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is one of the major DNA modifications and a potent pre-mutagenic lesion prone to mispair with 2′-deoxyadenosine (dA). Several thousand residues of 8-oxodG are constitutively generated in the genome of mammalian cells, but their genomic distribution has not yet been fully characterized. Here, by using OxiDIP-Seq, a highly sensitive methodology that uses immuno-precipitation with efficient anti–8-oxodG antibodies combined with high-throughput sequencing, we report the genome-wide distribution of 8-oxodG in human non-tumorigenic epithelial breast cells (MCF10A), and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). OxiDIP-Seq revealed sites of 8-oxodG accumulation overlapping with γH2AX ChIP-Seq signals within the gene body of transcribed long genes, particularly at the DNA replication origins contained therein. We propose that the presence of persistent single-stranded DNA, as a consequence of transcription-replication clashes at these sites, determines local vulnerability to DNA oxidation and/or its slow repair. This oxidatively-generated damage, likely in combination with other kinds of lesion, might contribute to the formation of DNA double strand breaks and activation of DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Amente
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Di Palo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scala
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Gorini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Cocozza
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Moresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Piero Pucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Bin Ma
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Irina Stepanov
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Luigi Lania
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Ivan Dellino
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Majello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
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16
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Bhatia S, Drake DM, Miller L, Wells PG. Oxidative stress and DNA damage in the mechanism of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111:714-748. [PMID: 31033255 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review covers molecular mechanisms involving oxidative stress and DNA damage that may contribute to morphological and functional developmental disorders in animal models resulting from exposure to alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) in utero or in embryo culture. Components covered include: (a) a brief overview of EtOH metabolism and embryopathic mechanisms other than oxidative stress; (b) mechanisms within the embryo and fetal brain by which EtOH increases the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS); (c) critical embryonic/fetal antioxidative enzymes and substrates that detoxify ROS; (d) mechanisms by which ROS can alter development, including ROS-mediated signal transduction and oxidative DNA damage, the latter of which leads to pathogenic genetic (mutations) and epigenetic changes; (e) pathways of DNA repair that mitigate the pathogenic effects of DNA damage; (f) related indirect mechanisms by which EtOH enhances risk, for example by enhancing the degradation of some DNA repair proteins; and, (g) embryonic/fetal pathways like NRF2 that regulate the levels of many of the above components. Particular attention is paid to studies in which chemical and/or genetic manipulation of the above mechanisms has been shown to alter the ability of EtOH to adversely affect development. Alterations in the above components are also discussed in terms of: (a) individual embryonic and fetal determinants of risk and (b) potential risk biomarkers and mitigating strategies. FASD risk is likely increased in progeny which/who are biochemically predisposed via genetic and/or environmental mechanisms, including enhanced pathways for ROS formation and/or deficient pathways for ROS detoxification or DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Bhatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle M Drake
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Peter G Wells
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Tang F, Liu S, Li QY, Yuan J, Li L, Wang Y, Yuan BF, Feng YQ. Location analysis of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in DNA by polymerase-mediated differential coding. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4272-4281. [PMID: 31015952 PMCID: PMC6460952 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04946g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bsu and Tth DNA polymerases-mediated DNA replication in conjugation with sequencing enables quantitative and location analysis of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in DNA.
Accumulating lines of evidence indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signalling molecules for various cellular processes. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (OG) is a prominent oxidative modification formed in DNA by ROS. Recently, it has been proposed that OG may have regulatory and possibly epigenetic-like properties in modulating gene expression by interfering with transcription components or affecting the formation of G-quadruplex structures. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of OG on regulation of gene expression requires uncovering the location of OG on genome. In the current study, we characterized two commercially available DNA polymerases, Bsu DNA polymerase (Bsu Pol) and Tth DNA polymerase (Tth Pol), which can selectively incorporate adenine (A) and cytosine (C) opposite OG, respectively. By virtue of the differential coding properties of Bsu Pol and Tth Pol that can faithfully or error-prone copy a DNA strand carrying OG, we achieved quantitative and single-base resolution analysis of OG in synthesized DNA that carries OG as well as in the G-rich telomeric DNA from HeLa cells. In addition, the parallel analysis of the primer extension products with Bsu Pol and Tth Pol followed by sequencing provided distinct detection of OG in synthesized DNA. Future application of this approach will greatly increase our knowledge of the chemical biology of OG with respect to its epigenetic-like regulatory roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine , Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68755595
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine , Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68755595
| | - Qiao-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine , Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68755595
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program , University of California , Riverside , CA 92521-0403 , USA
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program , University of California , Riverside , CA 92521-0403 , USA
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program , University of California , Riverside , CA 92521-0403 , USA
| | - Bi-Feng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine , Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68755595
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine , Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68755595
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18
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Drake DM, Shapiro AM, Wells PG. Measurement of the Oxidative DNA Lesion 8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG) by ELISA or by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Electrochemical Detection. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1965:313-328. [PMID: 31069684 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9182-2_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can oxidize cellular macromolecules like DNA, causing DNA damage. The most common form of DNA damage is the 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) lesion, typically repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway, which is initiated by the enzyme oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1). ROS are produced endogenously and can be enhanced by environmental factors, such as xenobiotics, radiation, and microbial pathogens. As a commonly used biomarker of oxidative damage, 8-oxoG can be measured in two different ways described herein. Commercially available ELISA kits allow for easy detection of the 8-oxoG lesion, while more difficult HPLC assays with UV and electrochemical detection allow for a more definitive identification and quantification of 8-oxoG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Drake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron M Shapiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- British Columbia Provincial Toxicology Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter G Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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19
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Kanamori T, Masaki Y, Oda Y, Ohzeki H, Ohkubo A, Sekine M, Seio K. DNA triplex-based fluorescence turn-on sensors for adenosine using a fluorescent molecular rotor 5-(3-methylbenzofuran-2-yl) deoxyuridine. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2077-2080. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02747a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence turn-on detection of adenosine based on microenvironmental and conformational changes of a fluorescent molecular rotor in the DNA triplex is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kanamori
- Department of Life Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Masaki
- Department of Life Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
| | - Yuki Oda
- Department of Life Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
| | - Hiroki Ohzeki
- Department of Life Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohkubo
- Department of Life Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sekine
- Department of Life Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
| | - Kohji Seio
- Department of Life Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
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20
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Komakula SSB, Tumova J, Kumaraswamy D, Burchat N, Vartanian V, Ye H, Dobrzyn A, Lloyd RS, Sampath H. The DNA Repair Protein OGG1 Protects Against Obesity by Altering Mitochondrial Energetics in White Adipose Tissue. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14886. [PMID: 30291284 PMCID: PMC6173743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic pathologies represent a significant public health concern. Obesity is associated with increased oxidative stress that damages genomic and mitochondrial DNA. Oxidatively-induced lesions in both DNA pools are repaired via the base-excision repair pathway, initiated by DNA glycosylases such as 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1). Global deletion of OGG1 and common OGG1 polymorphisms render mice and humans susceptible to metabolic disease. However, the relative contribution of mitochondrial OGG1 to this metabolic phenotype is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that transgenic targeting of OGG1 to mitochondria confers significant protection from diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue inflammation. These favorable metabolic phenotypes are mediated by an increase in whole body energy expenditure driven by specific metabolic adaptations, including increased mitochondrial respiration in white adipose tissue of OGG1 transgenic (Ogg1Tg) animals. These data demonstrate a critical role for a DNA repair protein in modulating mitochondrial energetics and whole-body energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Santosh Babu Komakula
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jana Tumova
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Deeptha Kumaraswamy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Natalie Burchat
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Vladimir Vartanian
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Hong Ye
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Stephen Lloyd
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Harini Sampath
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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21
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Kawasaki F, Martínez Cuesta S, Beraldi D, Mahtey A, Hardisty RE, Carrington M, Balasubramanian S. Sequencing 5-Hydroxymethyluracil at Single-Base Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Kawasaki
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sergio Martínez Cuesta
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute; Li Ka Shing Centre; Robinson Way Cambridge CB2 0RE UK
| | - Dario Beraldi
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute; Li Ka Shing Centre; Robinson Way Cambridge CB2 0RE UK
| | - Areeb Mahtey
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Robyn E. Hardisty
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Mark Carrington
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Cambridge; Hopkins Building; Tennis Court Road Cambridge CB2 1QW UK
| | - Shankar Balasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute; Li Ka Shing Centre; Robinson Way Cambridge CB2 0RE UK
- School of Clinical Medicine; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 0SP UK
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22
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Kawasaki F, Martínez Cuesta S, Beraldi D, Mahtey A, Hardisty RE, Carrington M, Balasubramanian S. Sequencing 5-Hydroxymethyluracil at Single-Base Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9694-9696. [PMID: 29882366 PMCID: PMC6100112 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) is formed through oxidation of thymine both enzymatically and non-enzymatically in various biological systems. Although 5hmU has been reported to affect biological processes such as protein-DNA interactions, the consequences of 5hmU formation in genomes have not been yet fully explored. Herein, we report a method to sequence 5hmU at single-base resolution. We employ chemical oxidation to transform 5hmU to 5-formyluracil (5fU), followed by the polymerase extension to induce T-to-C base changes owing to the inherent ability of 5fU to form 5fU:G base pairing. In combination with the Illumina next generation sequencing technology, we developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions to amplify the T-to-C base changes and demonstrate the method in three different synthetic oligonucleotide models as well as part of the genome of a 5hmU-rich eukaryotic pathogen. Our method has the potential capability to map 5hmU in genomic DNA and thus will contribute to promote the understanding of this modified base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Kawasaki
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Sergio Martínez Cuesta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0REUK
| | - Dario Beraldi
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0REUK
| | - Areeb Mahtey
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Robyn E. Hardisty
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Mark Carrington
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeHopkins BuildingTennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1QWUK
| | - Shankar Balasubramanian
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0REUK
- School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0SPUK
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23
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Emanuele S, D'Anneo A, Calvaruso G, Cernigliaro C, Giuliano M, Lauricella M. The Double-Edged Sword Profile of Redox Signaling: Oxidative Events As Molecular Switches in the Balance between Cell Physiology and Cancer. Chem Res Toxicol 2018. [PMID: 29513521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular redox state in the cell depends on the balance between the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of defensive systems including antioxidant enzymes. This balance is a dynamic process that can change in relation to many factors and/or stimuli induced within the cell. ROS production is derived from physiological metabolic events. For instance, mitochondria represent the major ROS sources during oxidative phosphorylation, but other systems, such as NADPH oxidase or specific enzymes in certain metabolisms, may account for ROS production as well. Whereas high levels of ROS perturb the cell environment, causing oxidative damage to biological macromolecules, low levels of ROS can exert a functional role in the cell, influencing the activity of specific enzymes or modulating some intracellular signaling cascades. Of particular interest appears to be the role of ROS in tumor systems not only because ROS are known to be tumorigenic but also because tumor cells are able to modify their redox state, regulating ROS production to sustain tumor growth and proliferation. Overall, the scope of this review was to critically discuss the most recent findings pertaining to ROS physiological roles as well as to highlight the controversial involvement of ROS in tumor systems.
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24
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Olinski R, Gackowski D, Cooke MS. Endogenously generated DNA nucleobase modifications source, and significance as possible biomarkers of malignant transformation risk, and role in anticancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1869:29-41. [PMID: 29128527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The DNA of all living cells undergoes continuous structural and chemical alteration, which may be derived from exogenous sources, or endogenous, metabolic pathways, such as cellular respiration, replication and DNA demethylation. It has been estimated that approximately 70,000 DNA lesions may be generated per day in a single cell, and this has been linked to a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. However, it is puzzling why potentially mutagenic DNA modifications, occurring at a similar level in different organs/tissue, may lead to organ/tissue specific cancers, or indeed non-malignant disease - what is the basis for this differential response? We suggest that it is perhaps the precise location of damage, within the genome, that is a key factor. Finally, we draw attention to the requirement for reliable methods for identification and quantification of DNA adducts/modifications, and stress the need for these assays to be fully validated. Once these prerequisites are satisfied, measurement of DNA modifications may be helpful as a clinical parameter for treatment monitoring, risk group identification and development of prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Modesto A. Maidique Campus, AHC5 355 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, United States
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25
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Fleming AM, Zhu J, Ding Y, Burrows CJ. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in the Context of a Gene Promoter G-Quadruplex Is an On-Off Switch for Transcription. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2417-2426. [PMID: 28829124 PMCID: PMC5604463 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Interplay
between DNA repair of the oxidatively modified base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine
(OG) and transcriptional activation has been documented in mammalian
genes. Previously, we synthesized OG into the VEGF potential G-quadruplex sequence (PQS) in the coding strand of a
luciferase promoter to identify that base excision repair (BER) unmasked
the G-quadruplex (G4) fold for gene activation. In the present work,
OG was site-specifically synthesized into a luciferase reporter plasmid
to follow the time-dependent expression in mammalian cells when OG
in the VEGF PQS context was located in the coding
vs template strands of the luciferase promoter. Removal of OG from
the coding strand by OG glycosylase-1 (OGG1)-mediated BER upregulated
transcription. When OG was in the template strand in the VEGF PQS context, transcription was downregulated by a BER-independent
process. The time course changes in transcription show that repair
in the template strand was more efficient than repair in the coding
strand. Promoters were synthesized with an OG:A base pair that requires
repair on both strands to yield a canonical G:C base pair. By monitoring
the up/down luciferase expression, we followed the timing of repair
of an OG:A base pair occurring on both strands in mammalian cells
in which one lesion resides in a G-quadruplex loop and one in a potential
i-motif. Depending on the strand in which OG resides, coding vs template,
this modification is an up/downregulator of transcription that couples
DNA repair with transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Judy Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Yun Ding
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Cynthia J. Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
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26
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Wells PG, Bhatia S, Drake DM, Miller-Pinsler L. Fetal oxidative stress mechanisms of neurodevelopmental deficits and exacerbation by ethanol and methamphetamine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 108:108-30. [PMID: 27345013 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In utero exposure of mouse progeny to alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) and methamphetamine (METH) causes substantial postnatal neurodevelopmental deficits. One emerging pathogenic mechanism underlying these deficits involves fetal brain production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that alter signal transduction, and/or oxidatively damage cellular macromolecules like lipids, proteins, and DNA, the latter leading to altered gene expression, likely via non-mutagenic mechanisms. Even physiological levels of fetal ROS production can be pathogenic in biochemically predisposed progeny, and ROS formation can be enhanced by drugs like EtOH and METH, via activation/induction of ROS-producing NADPH oxidases (NOX), drug bioactivation to free radical intermediates by prostaglandin H synthases (PHS), and other mechanisms. Antioxidative enzymes, like catalase in the fetal brain, while low, provide critical protection. Oxidatively damaged DNA is normally rapidly repaired, and fetal deficiencies in several DNA repair proteins, including oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) and breast cancer protein 1 (BRCA1), enhance the risk of drug-initiated postnatal neurodevelopmental deficits, and in some cases deficits in untreated progeny, the latter of which may be relevant to conditions like autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Risk is further regulated by fetal nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a ROS-sensing protein that upregulates an array of proteins, including antioxidative enzymes and DNA repair proteins. Imbalances between conceptal pathways for ROS formation, versus those for ROS detoxification and DNA repair, are important determinants of risk. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 108:108-130, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shama Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Danielle M Drake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lutfiya Miller-Pinsler
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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27
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Fleming AM, Burrows CJ. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, friend and foe: Epigenetic-like regulator versus initiator of mutagenesis. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017. [PMID: 28629775 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A high flux of reactive oxygen species during oxidative stress results in oxidative modification of cellular components including DNA. Oxidative DNA "damage" to the heterocyclic bases is considered deleterious because polymerases may incorrectly read the modifications causing mutations. A prominent member in this class is the oxidized guanine base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (OG) that is moderately mutagenic effecting G→T transversion mutations. Recent reports have identified that formation of OG in G-rich regulatory elements in the promoters of the VEGF, TNFα, and SIRT1 genes can increase transcription via activation of the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Work in our laboratory with the G-rich sequence in the promoter of VEGF concluded that BER drives a shift in structure to a G-quadruplex conformation leading to gene activation in mammalian cells. More specifically, removal of OG from the duplex context by 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) produces an abasic site (AP) that destabilizes the duplex, shifting the equilibrium toward the G-quadruplex fold because of preferential extrusion of the AP into a loop. The AP is bound but inefficiently cleaved by apurinic/apyrimidinic endoDNase I (APE1) that likely allows recruitment of activating transcription factors for gene induction. The ability of OG to induce transcription ascribes a regulatory or epigenetic-like role for this oxidatively modified base. We compare OG to the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) epigenetic pathway including its oxidized derivatives, some of which poise genes for transcription while also being substrates for BER. The mutagenic potential of OG to induce only ∼one-third the number of mutations (G→T) compared to deamination of 5mC producing C→T mutations is described. These comparisons blur the line between friendly epigenetic base modifications and those that are foes, i.e. DNA "damage," causing genetic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850, USA.
| | - Cynthia J Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850, USA.
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28
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Boiteux S, Coste F, Castaing B. Repair of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: Properties and biological roles of the Fpg and OGG1 DNA N-glycosylases. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 107:179-201. [PMID: 27903453 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxidatively damaged DNA results from the attack of sugar and base moieties by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are formed as byproducts of normal cell metabolism and during exposure to endogenous or exogenous chemical or physical agents. Guanine, having the lowest redox potential, is the DNA base the most susceptible to oxidation, yielding products such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) and 2-6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyG). In DNA, 8-oxoG was shown to be mutagenic yielding GC to TA transversions upon incorporation of dAMP opposite this lesion by replicative DNA polymerases. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, 8-oxoG is primarily repaired by the base excision repair pathway (BER) initiated by a DNA N-glycosylase, Fpg and OGG1, respectively. In Escherichia coli, Fpg cooperates with MutY and MutT to prevent 8-oxoG-induced mutations, the "GO-repair system". In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, OGG1 cooperates with nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), post-replication repair (PRR) and DNA polymerase η to prevent mutagenesis. Human and mouse cells mobilize all these pathways using OGG1, MUTYH (MutY-homolog also known as MYH), MTH1 (MutT-homolog also known as NUDT1), NER, MMR, NEILs and DNA polymerases η and λ, to prevent 8-oxoG-induced mutations. In fact, mice deficient in both OGG1 and MUTYH develop cancer in different organs at adult age, which points to the critical impact of 8-oxoG repair on genetic stability in mammals. In this review, we will focus on Fpg and OGG1 proteins, their biochemical and structural properties as well as their biological roles. Other DNA N-glycosylases able to release 8-oxoG from damaged DNA in various organisms will be discussed. Finally, we will report on the role of OGG1 in human disease and the possible use of 8-oxoG DNA N-glycosylases as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Boiteux
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45072 Orléans, France.
| | - Franck Coste
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45072 Orléans, France
| | - Bertrand Castaing
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45072 Orléans, France.
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29
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Yu Y, Cui Y, Niedernhofer LJ, Wang Y. Occurrence, Biological Consequences, and Human Health Relevance of Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:2008-2039. [PMID: 27989142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A variety of endogenous and exogenous agents can induce DNA damage and lead to genomic instability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important class of DNA damaging agents, are constantly generated in cells as a consequence of endogenous metabolism, infection/inflammation, and/or exposure to environmental toxicants. A wide array of DNA lesions can be induced by ROS directly, including single-nucleobase lesions, tandem lesions, and hypochlorous acid (HOCl)/hypobromous acid (HOBr)-derived DNA adducts. ROS can also lead to lipid peroxidation, whose byproducts can also react with DNA to produce exocyclic DNA lesions. A combination of bioanalytical chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and molecular biology approaches have provided significant insights into the occurrence, repair, and biological consequences of oxidatively induced DNA lesions. The involvement of these lesions in the etiology of human diseases and aging was also investigated in the past several decades, suggesting that the oxidatively induced DNA adducts, especially bulky DNA lesions, may serve as biomarkers for exploring the role of oxidative stress in human diseases. The continuing development and improvement of LC-MS/MS coupled with the stable isotope-dilution method for DNA adduct quantification will further promote research about the clinical implications and diagnostic applications of oxidatively induced DNA adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida , Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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30
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Park J, Park JW, Oh H, Maria FS, Kang J, Tian X. Gene-Specific Assessment of Guanine Oxidation as an Epigenetic Modulator for Cardiac Specification of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155792. [PMID: 27249188 PMCID: PMC4889044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics have essential roles in development and human diseases. Compared to the complex histone modifications, epigenetic changes on mammalian DNA are as simple as methylation on cytosine. Guanine, however, can be oxidized as an epigenetic change which can undergo base-pair transversion, causing a genetic difference. Accumulating evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules for embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation, possibly through transient changes on genomic DNA such as 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). Technical limitations on detecting such DNA modifications, however, restrict the investigation of the role of 8-oxoG in ESC differentiation. Here, we developed a Hoogsteen base pairing-mediated PCR-sequencing assay to detect 8-oxoG lesions that can subsequently cause G to T transversions during PCR. We then used this assay to assess the epigenetic and transient 8-oxoG formation in the Tbx5 gene of R1 mouse ESCs subjected to oxidative stress by removing 2-mercaptoethanol (2ME) from the culture media. To our surprise, significantly higher numbers of 8-oxoG-mediated G∙C to C∙G transversion, not G∙C to T∙A, were detected at 7th and 9th base position from the transcription start site of exon 1 of Tbx5 in ESCs in the (-)2ME than (+)2ME group (p < 0.05). This was consistent with the decrease in the amount of amplifiable of DNA harboring the 8-oxoG lesions at the Tbx5 promoter region in the oxidative stressed ESCs. The ESCs responded to oxidative stress, possibly through the epigenetic effects of guanine oxidation with decreased proliferation (p < 0.05) and increased formation of beating embryoid bodies (EBs; p < 0.001). Additionally, the epigenetic changes of guanine induced up-regulation of Ogg1 and PolB, two base excision repairing genes for 8-oxoG, in ESCs treated with (-)2ME (p < 0.01). Together, we developed a gene-specific and direct quantification assay for guanine oxidation. Using oxidative stressed mouse ESCs, we validated this assay and assessed the epigenetic effects of 8-oxoG by studying expression of DNA repair genes, ESC proliferation, and EB formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonghoon Park
- Center for Regenerative Biology and Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, United States of America
| | - Jong Woo Park
- Research Center for Epigenome Regulation, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hawmok Oh
- Research Center for Epigenome Regulation, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440746, Republic of Korea
| | - Fernanda S Maria
- Center for Regenerative Biology and Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, United States of America
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508, Brazil
| | - Jaeku Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 302718, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiuchun Tian
- Center for Regenerative Biology and Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, United States of America
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31
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Zhou X, Zhuang Z, Wang W, He L, Wu H, Cao Y, Pan F, Zhao J, Hu Z, Sekhar C, Guo Z. OGG1 is essential in oxidative stress induced DNA demethylation. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1163-1171. [PMID: 27251462 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
DNA demethylation is an essential cellular activity to regulate gene expression; however, the mechanism that triggers DNA demethylation remains unknown. Furthermore, DNA demethylation was recently demonstrated to be induced by oxidative stress without a clear molecular mechanism. In this manuscript, we demonstrated that 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) is the essential protein involved in oxidative stress-induced DNA demethylation. Oxidative stress induced the formation of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). We found that OGG1, the 8-oxoG binding protein, promotes DNA demethylation by interacting and recruiting TET1 to the 8-oxoG lesion. Downregulation of OGG1 makes cells resistant to oxidative stress-induced DNA demethylation, while over-expression of OGG1 renders cells susceptible to DNA demethylation by oxidative stress. These data not only illustrate the importance of base excision repair (BER) in DNA demethylation but also reveal how the DNA demethylation signal is transferred to downstream DNA demethylation enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ziheng Zhuang
- Changzhou No. 7 People's Hospital, Changzhou 213011, China; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213011, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lingfeng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feiyan Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chandra Sekhar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Virgilio A, Esposito V, Mayol L, Giancola C, Petraccone L, Galeone A. The oxidative damage to the human telomere: effects of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine on telomeric G-quadruplex structures. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:7421-9. [PMID: 25997822 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00748h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As part of the genome, human telomeric regions can be damaged by the chemically reactive molecules responsible for oxidative DNA damage. Considering that G-quadruplex structures have been proven to occur in human telomere regions, several studies have been devoted to investigating the effect of oxidation products on the properties of these structures. However only investigations concerning the presence in G-quadruplexes of the main oxidation products of deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine have appeared in the literature. Here, we investigated the effects of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (5-hmdU), one of the main oxidation products of T, on the physical-chemical properties of the G-quadruplex structures formed by two human telomeric sequences. Collected calorimetric, circular dichroism and electrophoretic data suggest that, in contrast to most of the results on other damage, the replacement of a T with a 5-hmdU results in only negligible effects on structural stability. Reported results and other data from literature suggest a possible protecting effect of the loop residues on the other parts of the G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Virgilio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy.
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33
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Olinski R, Starczak M, Gackowski D. Enigmatic 5-hydroxymethyluracil: Oxidatively modified base, epigenetic mark or both? MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 767:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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34
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Pelclova D, Zdimal V, Fenclova Z, Vlckova S, Turci F, Corazzari I, Kacer P, Schwarz J, Zikova N, Makes O, Syslova K, Komarc M, Belacek J, Navratil T, Machajova M, Zakharov S. Markers of oxidative damage of nucleic acids and proteins among workers exposed to TiO2 (nano) particles. Occup Environ Med 2015; 73:110-8. [PMID: 26644454 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2015-103161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of nanotechnology is growing enormously and occupational physicians have an increasing interest in evaluating potential hazards and finding biomarkers of effect in workers exposed to nanoparticles. METHODS A study was carried out with 36 workers exposed to (nano)TiO2 pigment and 45 controls. Condensate (EBC) titanium and markers of oxidation of nucleic acids (including 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), 5-hydroxymethyl uracil (5-OHMeU)) and proteins (such as o-tyrosine (o-Tyr), 3-chlorotyrosine (3-ClTyr) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NOTyr)) were analysed from samples of their exhaled breath. RESULTS In the production workshops, the median total mass 2012 and 2013 TiO2 concentrations were 0.65 and 0.40 mg/m(3), respectively. The median numbers of concentrations measured by the scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) were 1.98 × 10(4) and 2.32 × 10(4) particles/cm(3), respectively; and about 80% of those particles were smaller than 100 nm in diameter. In the research workspace, lower aerosol concentrations (0.16 mg/m(3) and 1.32 × 10(4) particles/cm(3)) were found. Titanium in the EBC was significantly higher in production workers (p<0.001) than in research workers and unexposed controls. Accordingly, most EBC oxidative stress markers, including in the preshift samples, were higher in production workers than in the two other groups. Multiple regression analysis confirmed an association between the production of TiO2 and the levels of studied biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS The concentration of titanium in EBC may serve as a direct exposure marker in workers producing TiO2 pigment; the markers of oxidative stress reflect the local biological effect of (nano)TiO2 in the respiratory tract of the exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pelclova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Zdimal
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the AS CR, vvi, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Z Fenclova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Vlckova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Turci
- Interdepartmental Centre "G Scansetti" for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates and NIS Interdepartmental Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - I Corazzari
- Interdepartmental Centre "G Scansetti" for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates and NIS Interdepartmental Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - P Kacer
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Schwarz
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the AS CR, vvi, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - O Makes
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the AS CR, vvi, Prague, Czech Republic Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the AS CR, vvi, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Syslova
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Komarc
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, Prague, Czech Republic Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Kinanthropology and Humanities, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Belacek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Navratil
- J Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the AS CR, vvi, Prague, Czech Republic First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Machajova
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - S Zakharov
- First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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35
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Bjørge M, Hildrestrand G, Scheffler K, Suganthan R, Rolseth V, Kuśnierczyk A, Rowe A, Vågbø C, Vetlesen S, Eide L, Slupphaug G, Nakabeppu Y, Bredy T, Klungland A, Bjørås M. Synergistic Actions of Ogg1 and Mutyh DNA Glycosylases Modulate Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice. Cell Rep 2015; 13:2671-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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36
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Jana K, Ganguly B. In Silico Studies to Explore the Mutagenic Ability of 5-Halo/Oxy/Li-Oxy-Uracil Bases with Guanine of DNA Base Pairs. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:9753-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp507471z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyanashis Jana
- Computation
and
Simulation Unit (Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument
Facility), CSIR−Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific
and Innovative Research, CSIR−CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
| | - Bishwajit Ganguly
- Computation
and
Simulation Unit (Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument
Facility), CSIR−Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific
and Innovative Research, CSIR−CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
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