EPHX1 Y113H polymorphism is associated with increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Kazakhstan population

Genetic variation of six specific SNPs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among Chinese population

BACKGROUND

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic bronchitis (or) emphysema with a high disability and fatality rate. This study aimed to explore the correlation between the six selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of COPD in the Chinese population.

METHODS

The Agena MassARRAY platform was used to select six SNPs from 629 subjects for genotyping. The correlation between SNPs and COPD risk was evaluated using calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was performed to analyze the impact of SNP interactions on COPD risk. Multiple comparisons were performed using Bonferroni- correction.

RESULTS

Our results indicated that rs4719841 and rs7934083 variants were associated with a reduced risk of COPD. The analysis results of age, gender and non-smokers showed that rs4719841 and rs7934083 were associated with reducing the risk of COPD. In addition, the results showed that the genetic models of rs4719841, rs7934083 and rs7780562 were related to the forced vital capacity, respiratory rate per second, and respiratory rate / forced vital capacity of COPD patients, respectively. The results of the MDR analysis showed that the three-locus model (rs4719841, rs7934083, and rs78750958) is the best for COPD risk assessment.

CONCLUSION

This study shows that rs4719841 and rs7934083 are associated with the risk of COPD in the Chinese population, which provides some insights for early screening, prevention, and diagnosis of COPD in high-risk populations.

EPHX1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms are associated with COPD risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects approximately 400 million people worldwide and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The effect of EPHX1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms on COPD risk has not been fully characterized. Objective: To investigate the association of EPHX1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms with COPD risk. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on 9 databases to identify studies published in English and Chinese. The analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines (PRISMA). The pooled OR and 95% CI were calculated to evaluate the association of EPHX1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms with COPD risk. The I² test, Q test, Egger's test, and Begg's test were conducted to determine the level of heterogeneity and publication bias of the included studies. Results: In total, 857 articles were retrieved, among which 59 met the inclusion criteria. The EPHX1 rs1051740 polymorphism (homozygote, heterozygote, dominant, recessives, and allele model) was significantly associated with high risk of COPD risk. Subgroup analysis revealed that the EPHX1 rs1051740 polymorphism was significantly associated with COPD risk among Asians (homozygote, heterozygote, dominant, and allele model) and Caucasians (homozygote, dominant, recessives, and allele model). The EPHX1 rs2234922 polymorphism (heterozygote, dominant, and allele model) was significantly associated with a low risk of COPD. Subgroup analysis showed that the EPHX1 rs2234922 polymorphism (heterozygote, dominant, and allele model) was significantly associated with COPD risk among Asians. The GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism (homozygote and recessives model) was significantly associated with COPD risk. Subgroup analysis showed that the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism (homozygote and recessives model) was significantly associated with COPD risk among Caucasians. The GSTP1 rs1138272 polymorphism (heterozygote and dominant model) was significantly associated with COPD risk. Subgroup analysis suggested that the GSTP1 rs1138272 polymorphism (heterozygote, dominant, and allele model) was significantly associated with COPD risk among Caucasians. Conclusion: The C allele in EPHX1 rs1051740 among Asians and the CC genotype among Caucasians may be risk factors for COPD. However, the GA genotype in EPHX1 rs2234922 may be a protective factor against COPD in Asians. The GG genotype in GSTP1 rs1695 and the TC genotype in GSTP1 rs1138272 may be risk factors for COPD, especially among Caucasians.

Association Between TNF-α-308, +489, -238 Polymorphism, and COPD Susceptibility: An Updated Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) polymorphism may play an important role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility. However, the results are still inconclusive. Eligible studies were searched in Cochrane Library database, EMBASE, Pudmed, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database. Finally, a total of 27 case-control studies with 3473 COPD cases and 4935 controls were included in the present analysis. We also performed trial sequential analysis (TSA) to confirm our results. Overall, association between TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism and COPD susceptibility was identified in allelic model (A vs. G, OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01-1.45, p = 0.04) when smoking status was not adjusted. In ethnicity subgroup analysis, we found that the TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism was associated to COPD among Asians (GA vs. GG, OR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.04-1.77, p = 0.02) when smoking status was not adjusted. However, no significant association was found in Asian smokers or Caucasian smokers. In conclusion, our study suggest that TNF-α-308 GA genotype is related to COPD in the Asian population. In addition, the TNF-α+489G/A, - 238G/A variants do not increase the risk of COPD. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42021273980.

Potential effect of germanium exposure on the risk of influenza-like illness in housewives in Shanxi Province, China

Few studies have examined the relationship between exposure to germanium (Ge) and the risk of influenza-like illness (ILI). Therefore, we investigated the association of Ge exposure and its interaction with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to Phase II metabolism on ILI risk among housewives in Shanxi Province, northern China. This cross-sectional study enrolled 373 housewives. Information on the housewives' characteristics and the frequency of ILI was collected by questionnaire. We analyzed the Ge concentrations in hair samples taken from near the scalp at the back of the head. Blood samples were used to identify SNPs related to Phase II metabolism. The results suggested that the hair Ge concentration was associated with ILI risk with an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of 2.59 (1.61-4.19). A significant dose-response relationship was observed without or with adjusting for confounders. We did not observe any interaction effect between the hair Ge concentration and the SNPs on ILI risk. We found that high dietary consumption of meat and fried foods was positively correlated with the hair Ge concentration. Therefore, chronic Ge exposure may be a risk factor for an increased frequency of ILI in housewives.

The etiologic origins for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COPD, characterized by long-term poorly irreversible airway limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms, has resulted in enormous challenges to human health worldwide, with increasing rates of prevalence, death, and disability. Although its origin was thought to be in the interactions of genetic with environmental factors, the effects of environmental factors on the disease during different life stages remain little known. Without clear mechanisms and radical cure for it, early screening and prevention of COPD seem to be important. In this review, we will discuss the etiologic origins for poor lung function and COPD caused by specific adverse effects during corresponding life stages, as well as try to find new insights and potential prevention strategies for this disease.