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Kollayan BY, Cansiz D, Beler M, Unal I, Emekli-Alturfan E, Yalcinkaya SE. Effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on the molecular pathways linking neurogenesis and autism spectrum disorders in zebrafish embryos. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38384198 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2318444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to environmental factors may play an important role in the aetiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We aim to investigate the potential effects of low-dose x-rays from dental diagnostic x-rays on neurodevelopment and molecular mechanisms associated with ASD in developing zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos were divided into four groups and exposed using a dental x-ray unit: control, 0.08, 0.15 and 0.30 seconds, which are exemplary exposure settings for periapical imaging. These exposure times were measured as 7.17, 23.17 and 63.83 mSv using optical stimulated luminescence dosimeters. At the end of 72 hours post-fertilization, locomotor activity, oxidant-antioxidant status, and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity were analyzed. Expression of genes related to apoptosis (bax, bcl2a, p53), neurogenesis (α1-tubulin, syn2a, neurog1, elavl3) and ASD (eif4eb, adsl2a, shank3) was determined by RT-PCR. Even at reduced doses, developmental toxicity was observed in three groups as evidenced by pericardial edema, yolk sac edema and scoliosis. Deleterious effects of dental x-rays on neurogenesis through impaired locomotor activity, oxidative stress, apoptosis and alterations in genes associated with neurogenesis and ASD progression were more pronounced in the 0.30s exposure group. Based on these results we suggest that the associations between ASD and low-dose ionizing radiation need a closer look.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Yeliz Kollayan
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Cansiz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merih Beler
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department Biochemistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Unal
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department Biochemistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sebnem Ercalik Yalcinkaya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Meng F, Chen S, Liu C, Khan MS, Yan Y, Wan J, Xia Y, Sun C, Yang M, Hu R, Dai K. The role of PKC in X-ray-induced megakaryocyte apoptosis and thrombocytopenia. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 104:102798. [PMID: 37813040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a critical complication after radiation therapy and exposure. Dysfunction of megakaryocyte development and platelet production are key pathophysiological stages in ionizing radiation (IR)-induced thrombocytopenia. Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in regulating megakaryocyte development and platelet production. However, it remains unclear how PKC regulates IR-induced megakaryocyte apoptosis. In this study, we found that pretreatment of PKC pan-inhibitor Go6983 delayed IR-induced megakaryocyte apoptosis, and inhibited IR-induced mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production in CMK cells. Moreover, suppressing PKC activation inhibited cleaved caspase3 expression and reduced p38 phosphorylation levels, and IR-induced PKC activation might be regulated by p53. In vivo experiments confirmed that Go6983 promoted platelet count recovery after 21 days of 3 Gy total body irradiation. Furthermore, Go6983 reduced megakaryocyte apoptosis, increased the number of megakaryocyte and polyploid formation in bone marrow, and improved the survival rate of 6 Gy total body irradiation. In conclusion, our results provided a potential therapeutic target for IR-induced thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanbi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yue Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Chenglin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Mengnan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Renping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Kesheng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China.
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Li C, Li X, Zhang Z. Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines following perchloroethylene exposure in young female dry-cleaning workers. Work 2024; 77:975-979. [PMID: 37781844 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The involvement of Perchloroethylene (PCE) in the development of autoimmune diseases has been reported. However, few studies investigated immunotoxicity in PCE-exposed workers. OBJECTIVE To study changes in the oxidative stress and cytokine profile of young female dry-cleaning workers exposed to PCE. METHODS Thirty-eight exposed workers and 38 unexposed controls were recruited. All the participants were young nonsmoker females. Individual interviews were conducted by a physician. Blood samples were collected and hematological tests were performed by an automated Coulter Counter. Plasma PCE levels were determined using gas chromatography/flame ionization detection. Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using the colorimetric method. The levels of plasma cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were measured by commercially kits. RESULTS The levels of plasma PCE averaged 561±96 ng/ml in the exposed group compared with 1.3±0.5 ng/ml in the controls. The hematological tests failed to find abnormalities in the exposed workers. Exposed workers presented significantly increased plasma levels of MDA, SOD and CAT. There were no significant differences between the two groups for level of plasma TAC. Significantly increased plasma IL-1β and TNF-α and decreased IL-2 and IL-8 levels were seen in the exposed workers. There were no significant differences between the two groups for IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ. CONCLUSION PCE exposure resulted in changed cytokine profile in dry-cleaning workers, suggesting the potential immunotoxicity of PCE at low exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Li
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Pajic J, Milovanovic APS. Biological response to the continuous occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs and radionuclides. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1934-1947. [PMID: 37498230 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2241901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Antineoplastic drugs and radioiodine are recognized occupational risk factors affecting the genetic material of exposed persons. To assess cytogenetic damage and evaluate the presence of chromosomal instability during occupational exposure, a biomonitoring study was performed using a chromosomal aberration assay and a cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples from 314 healthy donors divided into 3 groups (control, exposed to antineoplastic drugs and exposed to radioiodine) were collected and cytogenetically analyzed. RESULTS There was an increase in almost all analyzed parameters registered in the exposed persons. Chromatid breaks were higher in the subjects exposed to antineoplastic drugs, while dicentrics and premature centromere division (PCD) parameters were higher in nuclear medicine workers. The total number of micronuclei was higher in both groups of the exposed. The correlation analysis indicated the association of dicentrics, acentrics, chromosome and chromatid break with PCDs in both groups of the exposed, and micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges with PCDs in the subjects exposed to radioiodine. The discriminant analysis marked off PCD1-5 as the best predictor of exposure. Age, sex, sampling season and duration of exposure significantly influenced the analyzed parameters, while smoking habits did not show any influence. CONCLUSION Based on the observed results, premature centromere division can be considered a valuable parameter of genotoxic risk for individuals occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health "Dr Dragomir Karajovic", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar P S Milovanovic
- Occupational Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, Belgrade, Serbia; Serbian Institute of Occupational Health "Dr Dragomir Karajovic", Belgrade, Serbia
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Pajic J, Rakic B. Re-evaluation of CBMN test reference values of persons continuously occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation in Serbia. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 886:503583. [PMID: 36868697 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
When established, cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test reference values should be periodically evaluated according to the recommendations of reference documents. The biodosimetry cytogenetic laboratory of the Serbian Institute of Occupational Health established the CBMN test reference range for people occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation in 2016. Since then, new occupationally exposed persons have been subjected to micronucleus testing, resulting in the need for re-evaluation of existing CBMN test values. The examined population comprised 608 occupationally exposed subjects - 201 from the previous laboratory database and 407 newly examined. Comparison of groups based on gender, age and cigarette consumption did not show significant differences, although certain CBMN values differed significantly between the old and new groups. Duration of occupational exposure, gender, age and smoking habit influenced micronuclei frequency in all three analyzed groups, while no relation was found between type of work and micronucleus test parameters. Since the mean values of all tested parameters in the new group of examinees are within previously established reference ranges, existing values can be used in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health "Dr Dragomir Karajovic", Deligradska 29, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - B Rakic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health "Dr Dragomir Karajovic", Deligradska 29, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Tian XL, Lu X, Lyu YM, Zhao H, Liu QJ, Tian M. Analysis of Red Blood Cells and their Components in Medical Workers with Occupational Exposure to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221081373. [PMID: 35237116 PMCID: PMC8882952 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221081373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plenty of reports focus on the effects of low-dose radiation (LDR) on peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiation workers. However, studies on red blood cells (RBCs) in radiation workers are rarely reported. Many studies focused on investigate the hemogram of radiation staffs without detecting other components of RBCs. To explore the potential effect of LDR on RBCs, we detected the level of RBC count, hemoglobin, 2,3-disphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), and glutathione (GSH), and then analyzed the factors on these indices in 106 medical radiation workers. As a result, RBC count was affected by sex, age, type of work, length of service (only for females), and annual effective dose (only for males). Hemoglobin status was affected by sex, type of work, and annual effective dose (only for males). Sex, age, and type of work had no effects on the concentration of 2,3-DPG and GSH. Length of service affected 2,3-DPG concentration, and annual effective dose affected GSH level. In conclusion, chronic occupational LDR exposure may have an effect on RBC count, hemoglobin status, and the concentration of 2,3-DPG and GSH in radiation workers to some extent. However, it is still unknown how this kind of influence affects the health of radiation workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lei Tian
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xue Lu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Min Lyu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Henan Institute of Occupational Medicine, Zheng Zhou, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Jie Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mei Tian
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
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Ramadhani D, Suvifan VA, Purnami S, Rahajeng N, Lusiyanti Y, Wanandi SI, Wibowo H, Miura T, Syaifudin M. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in a population exposed to high indoor radon concentration: a preliminary report. Free Radic Res 2022; 55:1094-1103. [PMID: 34962230 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.2023739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of radon exposure on the modulation of endogenous antioxidants in a population chronically exposed to high levels of radon indoors. To do so, we measured the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of people living in an area with high indoor radon concentration (Tande-Tande sub-village, Indonesia). The activities of SOD and GPX in Tande-Tande inhabitants were compared with those in subjects living in the Topoyo village (Indonesia), an area with low indoor radon levels. The activities of SOD and GPX in Tande-Tande sub-village inhabitants did not differ from those in people living in the Topoyo village (0.37 ± 0.021 versus 0.28 ± 0.018 U/mg protein and 8.46 ± 1.48 versus 8.34 ± 1.65 U/mg protein, p > .05). For both populations, there was a significant positive correlation between SOD and GPX activities (p < .001). No significant effects of gender, age, smoking habit, and body mass index on SOD and GPX activities were found for both groups. Although no significant modulation of SOD and GPX activities in PBMCs was detected, further studies should expand the sample size and also assess antioxidant levels in the serum. This study provides a first picture of endogenous antioxidant systems in Tande-Tande sub-village inhabitants, but a more comprehensive analysis, including the measurement of catalase (CAT) activity, might provide additional insight into the effects of chronic exposure to high indoor radon concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwi Ramadhani
- Doctoral Program for Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Viria Agesti Suvifan
- Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sofiati Purnami
- Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nastiti Rahajeng
- Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yanti Lusiyanti
- Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Septelia Inawati Wanandi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heri Wibowo
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tomisato Miura
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Mukh Syaifudin
- Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Mrdjanović J, Šolajić S, Srđenović-Čonić B, Bogdanović V, Dea KJ, Kladar N, Jurišić V. The Oxidative Stress Parameters as Useful Tools in Evaluating the DNA Damage and Changes in the Complete Blood Count in Hospital Workers Exposed to Low Doses of Antineoplastic Drugs and Ionizing Radiation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168445. [PMID: 34444191 PMCID: PMC8394042 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hospital workers at the Oncology Department are occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs (ANTNP) or low doses of ionizing radiation (Irrad). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the level of DNA damage, the oxidative stress parameters and complete blood count (CBC) of hospital workers in order to analyze the negative health effects of ANTNP and low dose Irrad. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) and proliferation index (PI) were analyzed by cytokinesis-block test. The oxidative stress biomarkers evaluated were the level of lipid peroxidation in plasma and catalase activity (CAT) in erythrocytes. A group of 86 hospital workers (35 exposed to ANTPN and 51 to Irrad) had increased MN frequency, CAT activity and level of lipid peroxidation compared to the control group, which consisted of 24 volunteers. The hemoglobin level was lower in the ANTNP group compared to thecontrol group, while a significant difference in RBC was recorded between thecontrol and Irrad groups, and in platelet count betweentheIrrad and ANTNP group. The results showed increased DNA damage, oxidative stress parameters, as well as impairment on complete blood count in hospital workers occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs and low-dose ionizing radiation. As this research has shown the importance of oxidative stress, we suggest that in addition to routine methods in periodic medical evaluation, the possibility of applying oxidative stress parameters is considered. Moreover, hospital workers exposed to ANTNP and Irrad in the workplace should undergo not only a more complete health prevention procedure but also have a more appropriate health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Mrdjanović
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia; (J.M.); (S.Š.); (V.B.)
| | - Slavica Šolajić
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia; (J.M.); (S.Š.); (V.B.)
| | - Branislava Srđenović-Čonić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.S.-Č.); (N.K.)
| | - Višnja Bogdanović
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia; (J.M.); (S.Š.); (V.B.)
| | - Karaba-Jakovljević Dea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Nebojša Kladar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.S.-Č.); (N.K.)
| | - Vladimir Jurišić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Correspondence:
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Oslina D, Rybkina V, Adamova G, Zhuntova G, Bannikova M, Azizova T. Biomarkers of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease in Workers Chronically Exposed to Ionizing Radiation. HEALTH PHYSICS 2021; 121:92-101. [PMID: 33867435 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT It is well established that cohorts of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation demonstrate increased risks of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. However, mechanisms of these radiation-induced diseases developing in individuals exposed to ionizing radiation remain unclear. To identify biomarkers of the atherosclerotic vessel damage in workers chronically exposed to ionizing radiation, this study considered 49 workers of the Russian nuclear production facility-the Mayak Production Association (mean age of 68.73 ± 6.92 years)-and 38 unexposed individuals (mean age of 68.84 ± 6.20 y) who had never been exposed to ionizing radiation (control). All workers were chronically exposed to combined radiation (external gamma rays and internal alpha particles). The mean cumulative liver absorbed dose from external gamma-ray exposure was 0.18 ± 0.12 Gy; the mean cumulative liver absorbed dose from internal alpha-particles was 0.14 ± 0.21 Gy. Levels of biomarkers in blood serum of the study participants were measured using the ELISA method. Elevated levels of apolipoprotein B, superoxide dismutase, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, vascular cell adhesion protein 1, and a decreased level of endothelin-1 were observed in blood serum of Mayak PA workers chronically exposed to combined radiation compared to control individuals. A significant positive correlation was demonstrated between the vascular cell adhesion protein 1 level and cumulative liver absorbed doses from external gamma radiation and internal alpha radiation. Findings of the study suggest that molecular changes in blood of individuals occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation (combined internal exposure to alpha particles and external exposure to gamma rays) may indicate dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction involved in atherosclerosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Oslina
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Southern Urals Biophysics Institute" at the Federal Medical Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Ozyorskoe shosse 19, Ozyorsk Chelyabinsk Region, 456780 Russia
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Biomarkers of Genotoxicity in Medical Workers Exposed to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147504. [PMID: 34299125 PMCID: PMC8304237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical staff represent the largest group of workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Chronic exposure to low-dose IR may result in DNA damage and genotoxicity associated with increased risk of cancer. This review aims to identify the genotoxicity biomarkers that are the most elevated in IR-exposed vs. unexposed health workers. A systematic review of the literature was performed to retrieve relevant studies with various biomarkers of genotoxicity. Subsequent meta-analyses produced a pooled effect size for several endpoints. The search procedure yielded 65 studies. Chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) frequencies were significantly different between IR-exposed and unexposed workers (θpooled = 3.19, 95% CI 1.46–4.93; and θpooled = 1.41, 95% CI 0.97–1.86, for total aberrant cells and MN frequencies, respectively), which was not the case for ring chromosomes and nucleoplasmic bridges. Although less frequently used, stable translocations, sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and comet assay endpoints were also statistically different between IR-exposed and unexposed workers. This review confirms the relevance of CA and MN as genotoxicity biomarkers that are consistently elevated in IR-exposed vs. unexposed workers. Other endpoints are strong candidates but require further studies to validate their usefulness. The integration of the identified biomarkers in future prospective epidemiological studies is encouraged.
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