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Ghaderi S, Fatehi F, Kalra S, Mohammadi S, Batouli SAH. Quantitative susceptibility mapping in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: automatic quantification of the magnetic susceptibility in the subcortical nuclei. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38957123 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2024.2372648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Previous studies have suggested a link between dysregulation of cortical iron levels and neuronal loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. However, few studies have reported differences in quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) values in subcortical nuclei between patients with ALS and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: MRI was performed using a 3 Tesla Prisma scanner (64-channel head coil), including 3D T1-MPRAGE and multi-echo 3D GRE for QSM reconstruction. Automated QSM segmentation was used to measure susceptibility values in the subcortical nuclei, which were compared between the groups. Correlations with clinical scales were analyzed. Group comparisons were performed using independent t-tests, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Correlations were assessed using Pearson's correlation, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Cohen's d was reported to compare the standardized mean difference (SMD) of QSM. Results: Twelve patients with limb-onset ALS (mean age 48.7 years, 75% male) and 13 age-, sex-, and handedness-matched HCs (mean age 44.6 years, 69% male) were included. Compared to HCs, ALS patients demonstrated significantly lower susceptibility in the left caudate nucleus (CN) (SMD = -0.845), right CN (SMD = -0.851), whole CN (SMD = -1.016), and left subthalamic nucleus (STN) (SMD = -1.000). Susceptibility in the left putamen (SMD = -0.857), left thalamus (SMD = -1.081), and whole thalamus (SMD = -0.968) was significantly higher in the patients. The susceptibility of the substantia nigra (SN), CN, and pulvinar was positively correlated with disease duration. Conclusions: QSM detects abnormal iron accumulation patterns in the subcortical gray matter of ALS patients, which correlates with disease characteristics, supporting its potential as a neuroimaging biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Fatehi
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, and
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sana Mohammadi
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghaderi S, Batouli SAH, Mohammadi S, Fatehi F. Iron quantification in basal ganglia using quantitative susceptibility mapping in a patient with ALS: a case report and literature review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1229082. [PMID: 37877011 PMCID: PMC10593460 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1229082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that can measure the magnetic susceptibility of tissues, which can reflect their iron content. QSM has been used to detect iron accumulation in cortical and subcortical brain regions. However, its application in subcortical regions such as the basal ganglia, particularly the putamen, is rare in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Case presentation and literature review We present the case of a 40-year-old male patient with ALS who underwent an MRI for QSM. We compared his QSM images with those of a control subject and performed a quantitative analysis of the magnetic susceptibility values in the putamen regions. We also reviewed the literature on previous QSM studies in ALS and summarized their methods and findings. Our QSM analysis revealed increased magnetic susceptibility values in the bilateral putamen of the ALS patient compared to controls, indicating iron overload. This finding is consistent with previous studies reporting iron dysregulation in subcortical nuclei in ALS. We also discussed the QSM processing techniques used in our study and in the literature, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Conclusion This case report demonstrates the potential of QSM as a sensitive MRI biomarker for evaluating iron levels in subcortical regions of ALS patients. QSM can provide quantitative information on iron deposition patterns in both motor and extra-motor areas of ALS patients, which may help understand the pathophysiology of ALS and monitor disease progression. Further studies with larger samples are needed to validate these results and explore the clinical implications of QSM in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sana Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Fatehi
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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García Saborit M, Jara A, Muñoz N, Milovic C, Tepper A, Alliende LM, Mena C, Iruretagoyena B, Ramirez-Mahaluf JP, Diaz C, Nachar R, Castañeda CP, González A, Undurraga J, Crossley N, Tejos C. Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping MRI in Deep-Brain Nuclei in First-Episode Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:1355-1363. [PMID: 37030007 PMCID: PMC10483330 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychosis is related to neurochemical changes in deep-brain nuclei, particularly suggesting dopamine dysfunctions. We used an magnetic resonance imaging-based technique called quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to study these regions in psychosis. QSM quantifies magnetic susceptibility in the brain, which is associated with iron concentrations. Since iron is a cofactor in dopamine pathways and co-localizes with inhibitory neurons, differences in QSM could reflect changes in these processes. METHODS We scanned 83 patients with first-episode psychosis and 64 healthy subjects. We reassessed 22 patients and 21 control subjects after 3 months. Mean susceptibility was measured in 6 deep-brain nuclei. Using linear mixed models, we analyzed the effect of case-control differences, region, age, gender, volume, framewise displacement (FD), treatment duration, dose, laterality, session, and psychotic symptoms on QSM. RESULTS Patients showed a significant susceptibility reduction in the putamen and globus pallidus externa (GPe). Patients also showed a significant R2* reduction in GPe. Age, gender, FD, session, group, and region are significant predictor variables for QSM. Dose, treatment duration, and volume were not predictor variables of QSM. CONCLUSIONS Reduction in QSM and R2* suggests a decreased iron concentration in the GPe of patients. Susceptibility reduction in putamen cannot be associated with iron changes. Since changes observed in putamen and GPe were not associated with symptoms, dose, and treatment duration, we hypothesize that susceptibility may be a trait marker rather than a state marker, but this must be verified with long-term studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisleydis García Saborit
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Jara
- Department of Statistics, Mathematics Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Néstor Muñoz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Milovic
- School of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Angeles Tepper
- Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luz María Alliende
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Mena
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara Iruretagoyena
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Camila Diaz
- Pharmacovigilance, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. J. Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ruben Nachar
- Pharmacovigilance, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. J. Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Alfonso González
- Early Intervention Program, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr J. Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Undurraga
- Early Intervention Program, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr J. Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Crossley
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Tejos
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
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Uchida Y, Kan H, Sakurai K, Oishi K, Matsukawa N. Quantitative susceptibility mapping as an imaging biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease: The expectations and limitations. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:938092. [PMID: 35992906 PMCID: PMC9389285 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.938092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and a distressing diagnosis for individuals and caregivers. Researchers and clinical trials have mainly focused on β-amyloid plaques, which are hypothesized to be one of the most important factors for neurodegeneration in AD. Meanwhile, recent clinicopathological and radiological studies have shown closer associations of tau pathology rather than β-amyloid pathology with the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s symptoms. Toward a biological definition of biomarker-based research framework for AD, the 2018 National Institute on Aging–Alzheimer’s Association working group has updated the ATN classification system for stratifying disease status in accordance with relevant pathological biomarker profiles, such as cerebral β-amyloid deposition, hyperphosphorylated tau, and neurodegeneration. In addition, altered iron metabolism has been considered to interact with abnormal proteins related to AD pathology thorough generating oxidative stress, as some prior histochemical and histopathological studies supported this iron-mediated pathomechanism. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has recently become more popular as a non-invasive magnetic resonance technique to quantify local tissue susceptibility with high spatial resolution, which is sensitive to the presence of iron. The association of cerebral susceptibility values with other pathological biomarkers for AD has been investigated using various QSM techniques; however, direct evidence of these associations remains elusive. In this review, we first briefly describe the principles of QSM. Second, we focus on a large variety of QSM applications, ranging from common applications, such as cerebral iron deposition, to more recent applications, such as the assessment of impaired myelination, quantification of venous oxygen saturation, and measurement of blood– brain barrier function in clinical settings for AD. Third, we mention the relationships among QSM, established biomarkers, and cognitive performance in AD. Finally, we discuss the role of QSM as an imaging biomarker as well as the expectations and limitations of clinically useful diagnostic and therapeutic implications for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Uchida
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuto Uchida,
| | - Hirohito Kan
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keita Sakurai
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ōbu, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Noriyuki Matsukawa
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Noriyuki Matsukawa,
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Chen Z, Chen Z. Computed inverse MRI (CIMRI) for intrinsic brain magnetic susceptibility mapping. Comput Biol Med 2021; 134:104498. [PMID: 34051451 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tissue magnetization in the main field B0 is a necessary preparation for magnetic resonance signal formation that imposes an inherent dipole effect on MRI signals, which predisposes an artifact on tissue MRI. In the MRI principle, T2*-weighted MRI can be described by a cascade of data transformations: from the source of tissue magnetic susceptibility (denoted by χ) to the output of complex-valued T2* image (in a magnitude and phase pair). Under the linear approximation of the T2* phase MRI, we can computationally reconstruct the source χ by quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), which is an inverse solution that is modeled by computed inverse MRI (CIMRI). For a brain function study using MRI (fMRI), we can reconstruct a timeseries of brain χ images to represent the intrinsic brain function activity called functional QSM (fQSM). This intrinsic depiction is defined as the removal of the artifactual dipole effect and other MRI-introduced distortions from phase data through inverse mapping. With one high-resolution QSM experiment and one group (20 subjects) low-resolution fQSM experiment, we show that the dipole effect manifests as ripples around vessels and a spatial split at a local activation blob and that the dipole effect could be removed by CIMRI. In the context of inverse imaging or undoing MRI transformations (including dipole convolution), we computationally achieve brain intrinsic structural depiction by QSM and intrinsic functional depiction by fQSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Chen
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Zikuan Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA; Zinv LLC, Albuquerque, NM, 87108, USA.
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Kan H, Uchida Y, Arai N, Takizawa M, Miyati T, Kunitomo H, Kasai H, Shibamoto Y. Decreasing iron susceptibility with temperature in quantitative susceptibility mapping: A phantom study. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 73:55-61. [PMID: 32853756 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the temperature dependence of susceptibility estimated by quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) analysis, we investigated the relationship between temperature and susceptibility using a cylinder phantom with varying temperatures. Six solutions with various concentrations of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles were employed. These tubes were placed in a cylinder phantom and surrounded with water. The temperature of the circulated water was adjusted to change the temperature in the cylinder phantom from 25.8 °C to 42.5 °C. The cylinder phantom was scanned via a three-dimensional multiple spoiled gradient-echo sequence for R2* and QSM analyses with varying temperatures. The relationships between temperature, susceptibility, and R2* values were determined. Moreover, the temperature coefficients of susceptibility (χ-Tc) and (R2*-Tc) were calculated at each concentration and the linearities in these indices against each SPIO concentration were validated. Significant inverse correlations were found between temperature, susceptibility, and R2* values at each SPIO concentration due to the decrease in paramagnetic iron susceptibility that occurred with increasing temperature based on Curie's law. Moreover, although there were significant correlations between the susceptibility and R2* values at any temperature, the slopes of the regression lines grew in height with greater temperatures. The percentage of difference per Celsius degree in susceptibility in any SPIO concentration was lower than the corresponding finding among the R2* results. There were strong linearities between the SPIO concentration, χ-Tc (r = -0.994; p < 0.001), and R2*-Tc (r = -0.998; p < 0.001). The χ-Tc and R2*-Tc outcomes in a particular voxel varied considerably with the iron contents. Although there was an inverse correlation noted between temperature and susceptibility, the susceptibility analysis showed smaller temperature dependence relative to the R2* analysis. QSM analysis might be a more suitable option for magnetic resonance-based iron quantification in comparison with R2* relaxometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Kan
- Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20, Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673, Japan; Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Yuto Uchida
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan; Department of Neurology, Toyokawa City Hospital, 23 noji, Yahata-cho, Toyokawa, Aichi 442-8561, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Arai
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Takizawa
- Healthcare Business Unit, Hitachi Ltd., 2-16-1 Higashi-Ueno, Daito-ku, Tokyo 110-0015, Japan.
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kunitomo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan.
| | - Harumasa Kasai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
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Kan H, Uchida Y, Arai N, Ueki Y, Aoki T, Kasai H, Kunitomo H, Hirose Y, Matsukawa N, Shibamoto Y. Simultaneous voxel-based magnetic susceptibility and morphometry analysis using magnetization-prepared spoiled turbo multiple gradient echo. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4272. [PMID: 32043682 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop and test a simultaneous acquisition and analysis pipeline for voxel-based magnetic susceptibility and morphometry (VBMSM) on a single dataset using young volunteers, elderly healthy volunteers, and an Alzheimer's disease (AD) group. 3D T1 -weighted and multi-echo phase images for VBM and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) were simultaneously acquired using a magnetization-prepared spoiled turbo multiple gradient echo sequence with inversion pulse for QSM (MP-QSM). The magnitude image was split into gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) and was spatially normalized. The susceptibility map was reconstructed from the phase images. The segmented image and susceptibility map were compared with those obtained from conventional multiple spoiled gradient echo (mGRE) and MP-spoiled gradient echo (MP-GRE) in healthy volunteers to validate the availability of MP-QSM by numerical measurements. To assess the feasibility of the VBMSM analysis pipeline, voxel-based comparisons of susceptibility and morphometry in MP-QSM were conducted in volunteers with a bimodal age distribution, and in elderly volunteers and the AD group, using spatially normalized GM and WM volume images and a susceptibility map. GM/WM contrasts in MP-QSM, MP-GRE, and mGRE were 0.14 ± 0.011, 0.17 ± 0.015, and 0.045 ± 0.010, respectively. Segmented GM and WM volumes in the MP-QSM closely coincided with those in the MP-GRE. Region of interest analyses indicated that the mean susceptibility values in MP-QSM were completely in agreement with those in mGRE. In an evaluation of the aging effect, a significant increase and decrease in susceptibility and volume were found by VBMSM in deep GM and WM, respectively. Between the elderly volunteers and the AD group, the characteristic susceptibility and volume changes in GM and WM were observed. The proposed MP-QSM sequence makes it possible to acquire acceptable-quality images for simultaneous analysis and determine brain atrophy and susceptibility distribution without image registration by using voxel-based analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Kan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuto Uchida
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Toyokawa City Hospital, Toyokawa, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Arai
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshino Ueki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Harumasa Kasai
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunitomo
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Hirose
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsukawa
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
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Kan H, Arai N, Takizawa M, Kasai H, Kunitomo H, Hirose Y, Shibamoto Y. Improvement of Signal Inhomogeneity Induced by Radio-frequency Transmit-related Phase Error for Single-step Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Reconstruction. Magn Reson Med Sci 2019; 18:276-285. [PMID: 30799332 PMCID: PMC6883092 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.tn.2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To mitigate the susceptibility inhomogeneity induced by radio-frequency transmit phase error through the whole brain in quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) using single-echo gradient echo sequence, we developed a novel single-step QSM reconstruction algorithm and compared it with a previous algorithm in five healthy volunteers. The proposed algorithm had effectively suppressed the susceptibility inhomogeneity through the whole brain and achieved acceptable quality, similar to that of the susceptibility map calculated from a multi-echo gradient echo sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Kan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital
| | - Nobuyuki Arai
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital
| | | | - Harumasa Kasai
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital
| | | | | | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital
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