Male pelvic MR angiography

[A case of successful endovascular treatment of a patient with chronic pelvic pain and recurrent varicocele]

Described in the article is a clinical case report regarding diagnosis and treatment of pelvic varicose veins in a 34-year-old male patient presenting with compressive stenosis of the left common iliac vein (May-Thurner syndrome). The man had developed clinical symptoms of the disease as varicocele when he was 17 years old. Multiple surgical interventions on the veins of the spermatic cord failed to result in significant success. The diagnosis was verified by means of ultrasound examination and contrast X-ray phlebography. The patient was subjected to balloon angioplasty and stenting of the compressive stenosis of the left common iliac vein. The endovascular treatment performed was followed by the patient's improved condition, confirmed by methods of instrumental diagnosis, as well as by regression of clinical symptomatology.

Vanishing testes syndrome-related osteoporosis and high cardio-metabolic risk in an adult male with long term untreated hypergonadotropic hypogonadism

The male hypogonadism-related bone mass loss is often under diagnosed. Peak bone mass is severely affected if the hypogonadism occurs during puberty and is left untreated. We present an interesting; almost bizarre case of a male with non-functional testes early during childhood and undiagnosed and untreated hypogonadism until his fifth decade of life. Forty six year male is referred for goitre, complaining of back pain. Phenotype suggested intersexuality: gynoid proportions, micropenis, no palpable testes into the scrotum, no facial or truncal hair. His medical history had been unremarkable until the previous year when primary hypothyroidism was diagnosed and levothyroxine replacement was initiated. Later, he was diagnosed with ischemic heart disease, with inaugural unstable angina. On admission, the testosterone was 0.2 ng/mL (normal: 1.7-7.8 ng/mL), FSH markedly increased (56 mUI/mL), with normal adrenal axis, and TSH (under thyroxine replacement). High bone turnover markers, and blood cholesterol, and impaired glucose tolerance were diagnosed. The testes were not present in the scrotum. Abdominal computed tomography suggested bilateral masses of 1.6 cm diameter within the abdominal fat that were removed but no gonadal tissue was confirmed histopathologically. Vanishing testes syndrome was confirmed. The central DXA showed lumbar bone mineral density of 0.905 g/cm2, Z-score of -2.9SD. The spine profile X-Ray revealed multiple thoracic vertebral fractures. Alendronate therapy together with vitamin D and calcium supplements and trans-dermal testosterone were started. Four decades of hypogonadism associate increased cardiac risk, as well as decreased bone mass and high fracture risk.