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Guilhen SN, Rovani S, Araujo LGD, Tenório JAS, Mašek O. Uranium removal from aqueous solution using macauba endocarp-derived biochar: Effect of physical activation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116022. [PMID: 33221084 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to evaluate options for addressing two pressing challenges related to environmental quality and circular economy stemming from wastage or underutilization of abundant biomass residue resources and contamination of water by industrial effluents. In this study we focused on residues (endocarp) from Macaúba palm (Acrocomia aculeata) used for oil production, its conversion to activated biochar, and its potential use in uranium (U) removal from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments showed a much higher uranyl ions (U(VI)) removal efficiency of activated biochar compared to untreated biochar. As a result of activation, an increase in removal efficiency from 80.5% (untreated biochar) to 99.2% (after activation) was observed for a 5 mg L-1 initial U(VI) concentration solution adjusted to pH 3 using a 10 g L-1 adsorbent dosage. The BET surface area increased from 0.83 to 643 m2 g-1 with activation. Surface topography of the activated biochar showed a very characteristic morphology with high porosity. Activation significantly affected chemical surface of the biochar. FTIR analysis indicated that U(VI) was removed by physisorption from the aqueous solution. The adsorbed U(VI) was detected by micro X-ray fluorescence technique. Adsorption isotherms were employed to represent the results of the U adsorption onto the activated biochar. An estimation of the best fit was performed by calculating different deviation equations, also called error functions. The Redlich-Peterson isotherm model was the most appropriate for fitting the experimental data, suggesting heterogeneity of adsorption sites with different affinities for uranium setting up as a hybrid adsorption. These results demonstrated that physical activation significantly increases the adsorption capacity of macauba endocarp-derived biochar for uranium in aqueous solutions, and therefore open up a potential new application for this type of waste-derived biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine N Guilhen
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242 - 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Suzimara Rovani
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242 - 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Leandro G de Araujo
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242 - 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jorge A S Tenório
- Depto. de Engenharia Química da Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250 - 05508-080, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Crew Building, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh, UK.
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Li Y, Zimmerman AR, He F, Chen J, Han L, Chen H, Hu X, Gao B. Solvent-free synthesis of magnetic biochar and activated carbon through ball-mill extrusion with Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles for enhancing adsorption of methylene blue. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137972. [PMID: 32208286 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic carbonaceous adsorbents were synthesized by ball-milling biochar (BC) or activated carbon (AC) with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and their capacities to sorb methylene blue (MB) from water were evaluated and compared. Ball milling with magnetite not only improved the surface properties of the carbonaceous adsorbents, especially BC, but also introduced magnetic properties through mechanical extrusion. Furthermore, ball-mill extrusion increased the MB adsorption capacity of BC at all pH values by 14-fold, on average, but BC ball milled with magnetite had even greater MB adsorption capacity (27-fold, greater, on average). While ball milling of AC also improved its MB adsorption capacity (by almost 3-fold, on average), ball milling with magnetite did not further improve its MB adsorption capacity. All the magnetic adsorbents showed fast MB adsorption kinetics, reaching equilibrium within about 8 h. The Langmuir maximum MB adsorption capacity of the magnetic ball-milled BC (MBM-BC) was the highest (500.5 mg/g) among all the samples including the ones derived from AC. After five adsorption-desorption cycles, MBM-BC maintained about 80% MB removal capacity. The high MB adsorption capacity of MBM-BC was attributed to its increased surface area, opened pore structure, functional groups and aromatic CC bonds, which promoted π-π and electrostatic interactions. Findings from this study indicate that the magnetic ball-milled BC is a promising adsorbent due to its environmentally friendly synthesis, high efficiency, low cost, and convenience in operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Li
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Andrew R Zimmerman
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research & Education Center, University of Florida, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - Lujia Han
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Agriculture, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA
| | - Xin Hu
- Center of Material Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Lyu H, Tang J, Cui M, Gao B, Shen B. Biochar/iron (BC/Fe) composites for soil and groundwater remediation: Synthesis, applications, and mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125609. [PMID: 31911329 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Biochar/iron (BC/Fe) composites, such as nano zero-valent iron (nZVI)/BC, iron sulfide/BC, and iron oxide/BC, have been developed and applied to deal with various contaminants owing to their excellent physicochemical properties. This work summarizes the progress in the preparation of BC/Fe composites, the properties and applications of BC/Fe, and the mechanism of the synergistic effect between Fe and BC in the composites. Various methods, including pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, fractional precipitation, and ball milling, have been used to synthesize BC/Fe composites. In addition, the introduction of stabilizers, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), in the fractional precipitation process further prevents the agglomeration of Fe particles, which enhances the stability and fluidity of the resultant composites to facilitate the application of the composites in soil and water remediation. The application of BC/Fe composites in water and soil remediation is discussed in three aspects based on the interaction mechanisms, namely adsorption, reduction, and oxidation. Overall, the composites showed the synergistic effect of BC and Fe owing to the combination of the specific properties of Fe, such as reduction, catalysis, and magnetism, which can enhance the properties of BC with a larger surface area, abundant functional groups, and increased electron transfer efficiency. This review systemically summarizes the recent developments in BC/Fe composites to maximize the efficiency of BC/Fe application in soil and groundwater remediation. Key challenges and further research needs are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Mengke Cui
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Boxiong Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
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Huang J, Zimmerman AR, Chen H, Gao B. Ball milled biochar effectively removes sulfamethoxazole and sulfapyridine antibiotics from water and wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113809. [PMID: 31864923 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Release of antibiotics into the environment, which often occurs downstream of wastewater treatment plants, poses a human health threat due to the potential development of bacterial antibiotic resistance. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of ball milled biochar on the removal of two sulfonamide antibiotics, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfapyridine (SPY) from water and wastewater. Aqueous batch sorption experiment using both pristine and ball milled biochar derived from bagasse (BG), bamboo (BB) and hickory chips (HC), made at three pyrolysis temperatures (300, 450, 600 °C), showed that ball milling greatly enhanced the SMX and SPY adsorption. The 450 °C ball milled HC biochar and BB biochar exhibited the best removal efficiency for SMX (83.3%) and SPY (89.6%), respectively. A range of functional groups were produced by ball milling, leading to the conclusion that the adsorption of sulfonamides on the biochars was controlled by multiple mechanisms including hydrophobic interaction, π-π interaction, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction. Due to the importance of electrostatic interaction, SMX and SPY adsorption was pH dependent. In laboratory water solutions, the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities of SMX and SPY reached 100.3 mg/g and 57.9 mg/g, respectively. When tested in real wastewater solution, the 450 °C ball milled biochar still performed well, especially in the removal of SPY. The maximum adsorption capacities of SMX and SPY in wastewater were 25.7 mg/g and 58.6 mg/g, respectively. Thus, ball milled biochar has great potential for SMX and SPY removal from aqueous solutions including wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Huang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Andrew R Zimmerman
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Agriculture, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR, 71601, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Yek PNY, Liew RK, Osman MS, Lee CL, Chuah JH, Park YK, Lam SS. Microwave steam activation, an innovative pyrolysis approach to convert waste palm shell into highly microporous activated carbon. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 236:245-253. [PMID: 30735943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microwave-steam activation (MSA), an innovative pyrolysis approach combining the use of microwave heating and steam activation, was investigated for its potential production of high grade activated carbon (AC) from waste palm shell (WPS) for methylene blue removal. MSA was performed via pyrolytic carbonization of WPS to produce biochar as the first step followed by steam activation of the biochar using microwave heating to form AC. Optimum yield and adsorption efficiency of methylene blue were obtained using response surface methodology involving several key process parameters. The resulting AC was characterized for its porous characteristics, surface morphology, proximate analysis and elemental compositions. MSA provided a high activation temperature above 500 °C with short process time of 15 min and rapid heating rate (≤150 °C/min). The results from optimization showed that one gram of AC produced from steam activation under 10 min of microwave heating at 550 °C can remove up to 38.5 mg of methylene blue. The AC showed a high and uniform surface porosity consisting high fixed carbon (73 wt%), micropore and BET surface area of 763.1 and 570.8 m2/g respectively, hence suggesting the great potential of MSA as a promising approach to produce high grade adsorbent for dye removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nai Yuh Yek
- School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; University College of Technology Sarawak, Department of Engineering, 96000, Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Eastern Corridor Renewable Energy Group (ECRE), School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Rock Keey Liew
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Eastern Corridor Renewable Energy Group (ECRE), School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; NV Western PLT, 208B, Second Floor, Macalister Road, Georgetown, 10400 Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammad Shahril Osman
- University College of Technology Sarawak, Department of Engineering, 96000, Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Chern Leing Lee
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Joon Huang Chuah
- VIP Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Eastern Corridor Renewable Energy Group (ECRE), School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Lakshmi S, Avti PK, Hegde G. Activated carbon nanoparticles from biowaste as new generation antimicrobial agents: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Lyu H, Gao B, He F, Zimmerman AR, Ding C, Huang H, Tang J. Effects of ball milling on the physicochemical and sorptive properties of biochar: Experimental observations and governing mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:54-63. [PMID: 29053998 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
With the goal of combining the advantages of ball-milling and biochar technologies, a variety of ball-milled biochars (BM-biochars) were synthesized, characterized, and tested for nickel (Ni(II)) removal from aqueous solution. Ball milling increased only the external surface area of low temperature biochars, but still dramatically enhanced their ability to sorb aqueous Ni(II). For higher temperature biochars with relatively low surface area, ball milling increased both external and internal surface area. Measurements of pH, zeta potential, stability, and Boehm titration demonstrated that ball milling also added oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., carboxyl, lactonic, and hydroxyl) to biochar's surface. With these changed, all the BM-biochars showed much better Ni(II) removal efficiency than unmilled biochars. Ball-milled 600 °C bagasse biochar (BMBG600) showed the greatest Ni(II) adsorption capacity (230-650 compared to 26-110 mmol/kg for unmilled biochar) and the adsorption was dosage and pH dependent. Compared with the unmilled biochar, BMBG600 also displayed faster adsorption kinetics, likely due to an increase in rates of intra-particle diffusion in the latter. Experimental and modeling results suggest that the increase in BM-biochar's external and internal surface areas exposed its graphitic structure, thus enhancing Ni(II) adsorption via strong cation-π interaction. In addition, the increase in acidic surface functional groups enhanced Ni(II) adsorption by BM-biochar via electrostatic interaction and surface complexation. Ball milling thus has great potential to increase the efficiency of environmentally friendly biochar for various environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Andrew R Zimmerman
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Cheng Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Shan D, Deng S, Zhao T, Wang B, Wang Y, Huang J, Yu G, Winglee J, Wiesner MR. Preparation of ultrafine magnetic biochar and activated carbon for pharmaceutical adsorption and subsequent degradation by ball milling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 305:156-163. [PMID: 26685062 PMCID: PMC5564559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ball milling was used to prepare two ultrafine magnetic biochar/Fe3O4 and activated carbon (AC)/Fe3O4 hybrid materials targeted for use in pharmaceutical removal by adsorption and mechanochemical degradation of pharmaceutical compounds. Both hybrid adsorbents prepared after 2h milling exhibited high removal of carbamazepine (CBZ), and were easily separated magnetically. These adsorbents exhibited fast adsorption of CBZ and tetracycline (TC) in the initial 1h. The biochar/Fe3O4 had a maximum adsorption capacity of 62.7mg/g for CBZ and 94.2mg/g for TC, while values obtained for AC/Fe3O4 were 135.1mg/g for CBZ and 45.3mg/g for TC respectively when data were fitted using the Langmuir expression. Solution pH values slightly affected the sorption of TC on the adsorbents, while CBZ sorption was almost pH-independent. The spent adsorbents with adsorbed CBZ and TC were milled to degrade the adsorbed pollutants. The adsorbed TC itself was over 97% degraded after 3h of milling, while about half of adsorbed CBZ were remained. The addition of quartz sand was found to improve the mechanochemical degradation of CBZ on biochar/Fe3O4, and its degradation percent was up to 98.4% at the dose of 0.3g quarts sand/g adsorbent. This research provided an easy method to prepare ultrafine magnetic adsorbents for the effective removal of typical pharmaceuticals from water or wastewater and degrade them using ball milling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Shan
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shubo Deng
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Tianning Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Huang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gang Yu
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Judy Winglee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, P.O. Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708-0287, USA
| | - Mark R Wiesner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, P.O. Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708-0287, USA
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Ríos-Hurtado JC, Múzquiz-Ramos EM, Zugasti-Cruz A, Cortés-Hernández DA. Mechanosynthesis as a Simple Method to Obtain a Magnetic Composite (Activated Carbon/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) for Hyperthermia Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2016.71003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Wahba SMR, Darwish AS, Shehata IH, Abd Elhalem SS. Sugarcane bagasse lignin, and silica gel and magneto-silica as drug vehicles for development of innocuous methotrexate drug against rheumatoid arthritis disease in albino rats. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 48:599-610. [PMID: 25579963 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study clarifies co-therapy action of deliveries from their textural changes point of view. Methotrexate (MTX) was immobilized onto biodegradable lignin, silica gel and iron/silica nanocomposite. Loaded-MTX was i.p. injected into albino rats at doses of 0.25 and 0.5mg/kg/week for 2.5months, after which spleen, liver, testes and knee joint tissues were collected for tests. IFN-γ and IL-17A mRNA gene expressions in spleen in all biological samples were determined by RT-PCR. Physicochemical features of drug carriers were monitored by XRD, BET-PSD, SEM and TEM. Drug inflammatory-site targeting was found to be closely related to the physico-features of deliverers. The interlayered lignin of micro- and meso-pore channels directed MTX toward concealed infected cells in liver and testes tissues, while meso-structured silica flacks satisfied by gathering MTX around knee joints. The magneto-silica nanocomposite targeted MTX toward spleen tissue, which is considered as a lively factory for the production of electron rich compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa M R Wahba
- Zoology department, Women College, Ain-Shams University,11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Atef S Darwish
- Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Iman H Shehata
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
Activated carbon cloths have received growing attention because they offer comparative advantages over the traditional powdered or granular forms of this well-known adsorbent, providing further potential uses for technological innovations in several fields. The present article provides an overview of research studies and advances concerned with the development of activated carbon cloths and their use as adsorbent in environmental applications, mostly reported in the last years. The influence of some fabrics and textile wastes used as precursors, and of main activation process variables on the development and physicochemical, mechanical and/or electrical properties of the resulting activated carbon cloths are first reviewed. Then, investigations dealing with the removal of water and air pollutants by adsorption onto activated carbon cloths, including advances toward optimizing their regeneration after organic vapors saturation, are presented.
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Herrmann IK, Grass RN, Stark WJ. High-strength metal nanomagnets for diagnostics and medicine: carbon shells allow long-term stability and reliable linker chemistry. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 4:787-98. [PMID: 19839814 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.09.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapidly growing applications of nanomagnets in magnetic drug delivery and separation in clinical diagnostics require strong and reliable magnetic vehicles. Strength conveys rapid processing, high delivery/targeting yield and rapid results when used in clinics. Reliability enables recycling of nanomagnets, regulatory-conforming drug formulations and efficient use of (expensive) antibodies in diagnostics, combined with reduced leaching (reagent loss). The present work illustrates how metal-based nanomagnets provide a two-three-times stronger magnetic particle than conventional magnetite-based materials. Ligands, antibodies or drugs can be anchored to such carbon/metal core/shell nanomagnets over covalent, hydrolysis-resistant carbon-carbon bonds. This linker chemistry resists strong acids, sterilization and prolonged storage or aggressive treatment. As dispersions, functional nanomagnets rapidly scan liquids/tissue by Brownian diffusion, capture/deliver/react at a target and are efficiently recollected after use. Metal iron-based, carbon-coated nanomagnets consist of particularly well-accepted materials and now open stable nanomagnets to a broad range of fascinating separation problems in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge K Herrmann
- Institute for Chemical & Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry & Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Zhu Y, Li J, Wan M, Jiang L. Electromagnetic Functional Urchin-Like Hollow Carbon Spheres Carbonized by Polyaniline Micro/Nanostructures Containing FeCl3as a Precursor. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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