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Xiang K, Li Y, Cong H, Yu B, Shen Y. Peptide-based non-viral gene delivery: A comprehensive review of the advances and challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131194. [PMID: 38554914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is the most effective treatment option for diseases, but its effectiveness is affected by the choice and design of gene carriers. The genes themselves have to pass through multiple barriers in order to enter the cell and therefore require additional vectors to carry them inside the cell. In gene therapy, peptides have unique properties and potential as gene carriers, which can effectively deliver genes into specific cells or tissues, protect genes from degradation, improve gene transfection efficiency, and enhance gene targeting and biological responsiveness. This paper reviews the research progress of peptides and their derivatives in the field of gene delivery recently, describes the obstacles encountered by foreign materials to enter the interior of the cell, and introduces the following classes of functional peptides that can carry materials into the interior of the cell, and assist in transmembrane translocation of carriers, thus breaking through endosomal traps to enable successful entry of genetic materials into the nucleus of the cell. The paper also discusses the combined application of peptide vectors with other vectors to enhance its transfection ability, explores current challenges encountered by peptide vectors, and looks forward to future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Youqing Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bio nanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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A novel mitochondrial targeted hybrid peptide modified HPMA copolymers for breast cancer metastasis suppression. J Control Release 2020; 325:38-51. [PMID: 32598957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary tumor metastasis remains to be a tough obstacle for clinical breast cancer treatment. Since evidences have shown that mitochondria play a crucial role in tumor metastasis, we designed a mitochondrial targeted drug delivery system (P-D-R8MTS) based on N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers to simultaneously inhibit breast cancer progression and metastasis. A novel mitochondrial targeted hybrid peptide R8MTS, which consists of a cell penetrating peptide octaarginine (R8) and a mitochondrial targeting sequence ALD5MTS, was used as targeting ligand and attached to doxorubicin (DOX) as model drug (DOX-R8MTS). After entering into the tumor cells, DOX-R8MTS was pH-responsibly released from HPMA copolymer backbone in acidic lysosome and efficiently targeted to mitochondria, resulting in enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis initiation. By destroying mitochondria, P-D-R8MTS not only inhibited cell proliferation but also suppressed migration and invasion of breast cancer 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Moreover, P-D-R8MTS exhibited superior inhibition of tumor growth and showed no apparent lung metastatic nodules on 4T1-bearing mice in vivo, which was partially via down-regulation of typical proteins associated with tumor metastasis and invasion: matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Collectively, our work provided a prospectively potential strategy for metastatic cancer treatment through mitochondrial targeted drug delivery.
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Mahmoudi Saber M. Strategies for surface modification of gelatin-based nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhao X, Wang J, Tao S, Ye T, Kong X, Ren L. In Vivo Bio-distribution and Efficient Tumor Targeting of Gelatin/Silica Nanoparticles for Gene Delivery. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:195. [PMID: 27071682 PMCID: PMC4829570 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The non-viral gene delivery system is an attractive alternative to cancer therapy. The clinical success of non-viral gene delivery is hampered by transfection efficiency and tumor targeting, which can be individually overcome by addition of functional modules such as cell penetration or targeting. Here, we first engineered the multifunctional gelatin/silica (GS) nanovectors with separately controllable modules, including tumor-targeting aptamer AGRO100, membrane-destabilizing peptide HA2, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and then studied their bio-distribution and in vivo transfection efficiencies by contrast resonance imaging (CRI). The results suggest that the sizes and zeta potentials of multifunctional gelatin/silica nanovectors were 203-217 nm and 2-8 mV, respectively. Functional GS-PEG nanoparticles mainly accumulated in the liver and tumor, with the lowest uptake by the heart and brain. Moreover, the synergistic effects of tumor-targeting aptamer AGRO100 and fusogenic peptide HA2 promoted the efficient cellular internalization in the tumor site. More importantly, the combined use of AGRO100 and PEG enhanced tumor gene expression specificity and effectively reduced toxicity in reticuloendothelial system (RES) organs after intravenous injection. Additionally, low accumulation of GS-PEG was observed in the heart tissues with high gene expression levels, which could provide opportunities for non-invasive gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - SiJie Tao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
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Cesbron Y, Shaheen U, Free P, Lévy R. TAT and HA2 facilitate cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles but do not lead to cytosolic localisation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121683. [PMID: 25836335 PMCID: PMC4383524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The methods currently available to deliver functional labels and drugs to the cell cytosol are inefficient and this constitutes a major obstacle to cell biology (delivery of sensors and imaging probes) and therapy (drug access to the cell internal machinery). As cell membranes are impermeable to most molecular cargos, viral peptides have been used to bolster their internalisation through endocytosis and help their release to the cytosol by bursting the endosomal vesicles. However, conflicting results have been reported on the extent of the cytosolic delivery achieved. To evaluate their potential, we used gold nanoparticles as model cargos and systematically assessed how the functionalisation of their surface by either or both of the viral peptides TAT and HA2 influenced their intracellular delivery. We evaluated the number of gold nanoparticles present in cells after internalisation using photothermal microscopy and their subcellular localisation by electron microscopy. While their uptake increased when the TAT and/or HA2 viral peptides were present on their surface, we did not observe a significant cytosolic delivery of the gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Cesbron
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Structure fédérative de recherche Biosit, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - Umbreen Shaheen
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Free
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 3 Research Link, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raphaël Lévy
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Zhang QY, Wang ZY, Wen F, Ren L, Li J, Teoh SH, Thian ES. Gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles to deliver nitric oxide for vascular cell regulation: synthesis, cytocompatibility, and cellular responses. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:929-38. [PMID: 24853642 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator in cardiovascular system to regulate vascular tone and maintain tissue homeostasis. Its role in vascular cell regulation makes it promising to address the post-surgery restenosis problem. However, the application of NO is constrained by its high reactivity. Here, we developed a novel NO-releasing gelatin-siloxane nanoparticle (GS-NO NP) to deliver NO effectively for vascular cell regulation. Results showed that gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles (GS NPs) could be synthesized via sol-gel chemistry with a diameter of ∼200 nm. It could be modified into GS-NO NPs via S-nitrosothiol (RSNO) modification. The synthesized GS-NO NPs could release a total of ∼0.12 µmol/mg NO sustainably for 7 days following a first-order exponential profile. They showed not only excellent cytocompatibility, but also rapid intracellularization within 2 h. GS-NO NPs showed inhibition of human aortic smooth muscle cell (AoSMC) proliferation and promotion of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, which is an important approach to prevent restenosis. With GS-NO NP dose at 100 µg/mL, the proliferation of AoSMCs could be slowed down whereas the growth of HUVECs was significantly promoted. We concluded that GS-NO NPs could have potential to be used as a promising nano-system to deliver NO for vascular cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Prado JR, Vyazovkin S. Melting of Gelatin Gels Containing Laponite, Montmorillonite, and Chitosan Particles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Rachel Prado
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alabama at Birmingham; 901 S. 14 Street Birmingham AL 35294 USA
| | - Sergey Vyazovkin
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alabama at Birmingham; 901 S. 14 Street Birmingham AL 35294 USA
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Loh XJ, Ong SJ, Tung YT, Choo HT. Co-delivery of drug and DNA from cationic dual-responsive micelles derived from poly(DMAEMA-co-PPGMA). MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:4545-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ye SF, Tian MM, Wang TX, Ren L, Wang D, Shen LH, Shang T. Synergistic effects of cell-penetrating peptide Tat and fusogenic peptide HA2-enhanced cellular internalization and gene transduction of organosilica nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 8:833-41. [PMID: 22033082 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The nonviral gene delivery system is an attractive alternative to cancer therapy. A new kind of gelatin-silica nanoparticles (GSNPs) was developed through a two-step sol-gel procedure. To improve the transfection efficacy, GSNPs modified with different fusion peptides (Tat, HA2, R8, Tat/HA2, and Tat/R8) were prepared for particle size, zeta potential, cellular uptake, hemolysis activity at physiological pH (7.0) or acidic pH (5.0), and condensation of plasmid DNA. The results suggest that the sizes and zeta potentials of GS-peptide conjugates were 147 - 161 nm and 19 - 33 mV, respectively; GS-peptide conjugates exhibited low cytotoxicity; the plasmid DNA was readily entrapped at a GS-peptide/pDNA weight ratio of 50 - 200. The in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the synergistic effects of cell-penetrating peptide Tat and fusogenic peptide HA2 could promote the efficient cellular internalization, endosome escape, and nucleus targeting, hence delivering the therapeutic nucleic acid efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- She-fang Ye
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
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