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IŞIK C. An Alternative Approach to Plastic Recycling: Fabrication and Characterization of rPET/CA Nanofiber Carriers to Enhance Porcine Pancreatic Lipase Stability Properties. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:31313-31327. [PMID: 39072091 PMCID: PMC11270705 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In response to the increasing demand for sustainable technologies, this study presents a novel approach to plastic recycling. In this study, a method was presented to produce nanofiber carriers by electrospinning using recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) obtained from wastewater bottles and cellulose acetate (CA). These carriers serve as a platform for immobilized porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), aiming to enhance its stability. The production parameters for the rPET/CA nanofibers were found to be an rPET concentration of 15% (v/v), a CA concentration of 6% (v/v), an electrical voltage of 13 kV, a needle-collector distance of 18 cm, and an injection speed of 0.1 mL/h. The nanofiber structure and morphology were assessed by using attenuated total reflectance-infrared Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Then, PPL was immobilized onto the nanofibers through adsorption and cross-linking methods. The optimum temperature for free PPL was determined to be 30 °C, and the optimum temperature for PPL immobilized on rPET/CA was determined to be 40 °C. It was observed that, especially under acidic conditions, after the immobilization process, PPL immobilized rPET/CA nanofibers became more resistant to pH changes than free PLL. Furthermore, the immobilized PPL exhibited improved pH stability, reusability, and thermal stability compared to its free counterpart. This innovative approach not only contributes to plastic waste reduction but also opens new avenues for enzyme immobilization with potential applications in biocatalysis and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhun IŞIK
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry
Department, Muğla Sıtkı
Koçman University, Muğla 48000, Türkiye
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2
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Lopez Marquez A, Gareis IE, Dias FJ, Gerhard C, Lezcano MF. Methods to Characterize Electrospun Scaffold Morphology: A Critical Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:467. [PMID: 35160457 PMCID: PMC8839183 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospun scaffolds can imitate the hierarchical structures present in the extracellular matrix, representing one of the main concerns of modern tissue engineering. They are characterized in order to evaluate their capability to support cells or to provide guidelines for reproducibility. The issues with widely used methods for morphological characterization are discussed in order to provide insight into a desirable methodology for electrospun scaffold characterization. Reported methods include imaging and physical measurements. Characterization methods harbor inherent limitations and benefits, and these are discussed and presented in a comprehensive selection matrix to provide researchers with the adequate tools and insights required to characterize their electrospun scaffolds. It is shown that imaging methods present the most benefits, with drawbacks being limited to required costs and expertise. By making use of more appropriate characterization, researchers will avoid measurements that do not represent their scaffolds and perhaps might discover that they can extract more characteristics from their scaffold at no further cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Lopez Marquez
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 37085 Gottingen, Germany; (A.L.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Iván Emilio Gareis
- Laboratorio de Cibernética, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Oro Verde 3100, Argentina;
| | - Fernando José Dias
- Research Centre for Dental Sciences CICO, Department of Integral Adults Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Christoph Gerhard
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 37085 Gottingen, Germany; (A.L.M.); (C.G.)
| | - María Florencia Lezcano
- Laboratorio de Cibernética, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Oro Verde 3100, Argentina;
- Research Centre for Dental Sciences CICO, Department of Integral Adults Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
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Mohseni Garakani M, Ahangar P, Watson S, Nisol B, Wertheimer MR, Rosenzweig DH, Ajji A. A novel 3D co-culture platform for integrating tissue interfaces for tumor growth, migration and therapeutic sensitivity: “PP-3D-S”. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 134:112566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Huang L, Guo S, Jiang Y, Shen Q, Li L, Shi Y, Xie H, Tian J. A preliminary study on polycaprolactone and gelatin-based bilayered tubular scaffolds with hierarchical pore size constructed from nano and microfibers for vascular tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:1791-1809. [PMID: 34082651 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1938857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the insufficient endothelialization and the poor colonization of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), small-diameter vascular tissue engineering is still challenging. An ideal vascular graft is expected to effectively support the formation of endothelial monolayer and the colonization of SMCs. In this study, we proposed a bilayered scaffold with hierarchical pore size constructed from nano and microfibers by electrospinning PCL-PEG-PCL (PCE) and a blend of PCE and gelatin (PCEG) sequentially. The structural features of nano and microfibers were tuned by the concentration of PCE and the proportion of PCE/gelatin in electrospun solution respectively. The results demonstrated the best nanofiber morphology and relatively high mechanical properties were achieved in 18% PCE (w/v) (PCE18) and PCE and gelatin with a weight ratio of 7:3 (P7G3) at a concentration of 18% (w/v) electrospun membranes. The in vitro co-culturing studies of cells and membranes indicated all the PCE membranes supported the proliferation and spreading of endothelial cells and the further endothelialization of the membranous surface, while PCEG membranes facilitated the migration inward of SMCs. Taking the porosity and mechanical properties into consideration, PCE18 and P7G3 were chosen to construct the inner and outer layers of the bilayered scaffold with hierarchical pore size respectively. The circumferential ring test demonstrated that the bilayered scaffold has good mechanical property both in dry and wet state. After cells were co-cultured with this bilayered scaffold for 7 days, the results manifested a continuous endothelial monolayer has formed on the luminal surface and the SMCs have started to colonized from outer layers, indicating the vast potential of this bilayered scaffold in vascular remodeling and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shanzhu Guo
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Quan Shen
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Haibo Xie
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jialiang Tian
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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5
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Liu Q, Ying G, Jiang N, Yetisen AK, Yao D, Xie X, Fan Y, Liu H. Three-dimensional silk fibroin microsphere-nanofiber scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2020.100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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6
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Ramos C, Lanno GM, Laidmäe I, Meos A, Härmas R, Kogermann K. High humidity electrospinning of porous fibers for tuning the release of drug delivery systems. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1765361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Celia Ramos
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Ivo Laidmäe
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Meos
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Riinu Härmas
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Bongiovanni Abel S, Montini Ballarin F, Abraham GA. Combination of electrospinning with other techniques for the fabrication of 3D polymeric and composite nanofibrous scaffolds with improved cellular interactions. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:172002. [PMID: 31931493 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab6ab4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with physical and chemical topological cues at the macro-, micro-, and nanometer scale is urgently needed for successful tissue engineering applications. 3D scaffolds can be manufactured by a wide variety of techniques. Electrospinning technology has emerged as a powerful manufacturing technique to produce non-woven nanofibrous scaffolds with very interesting features for tissue engineering products. However, electrospun scaffolds have some inherent limitations that compromise the regeneration of thick and complex tissues. By integrating electrospinning and other fabrication technologies, multifunctional 3D fibrous assemblies with micro/nanotopographical features can be created. The proper combination of techniques leads to materials with nano and macro-structure, allowing an improvement in the biological performance of tissue-engineered constructs. In this review, we focus on the most relevant strategies to produce electrospun polymer/composite scaffolds with 3D architecture. A detailed description of procedures involving physical and chemical agents to create structures with large pores and 3D fiber assemblies is introduced. Finally, characterization and biological assays including in vitro and in vivo studies of structures intended for the regeneration of functional tissues are briefly presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvestre Bongiovanni Abel
- Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology, INTEMA (UNMdP-CONICET). Av. Colón 10850, B7606BWV, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Caballero DE, Montini-Ballarin F, Gimenez JM, Urquiza SA. Multiscale constitutive model with progressive recruitment for nanofibrous scaffolds. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 98:225-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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van Gaal RC, Fedecostante M, Fransen PPKH, Masereeuw R, Dankers PYW. Renal Epithelial Monolayer Formation on Monomeric and Polymeric Catechol Functionalized Supramolecular Biomaterials. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800300. [PMID: 30430737 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Induction of a functional, tight monolayer of renal epithelial cells on a synthetic membrane to be applied in a bioartificial kidney device requires for bio-activation of the membrane. The current golden standard in bio-activation is the combination of a random polymeric catechol (L-DOPA) coating and collagen type IV (Col IV). Here the possibility of replacing this with defined monomeric catechol functionalization on a biomaterial surface using supramolecular ureido-pyrimidinone (UPy)-moieties is investigated. Monomeric catechols modified with a UPy-unit are successfully incorporated and presented in supramolecular UPy-polymer films and membranes. Unfortunately, these UPy-catechols are unable to improve epithelial cell monolayer formation over time, solely or in combination with Col IV. L-DOPA combined with Col IV is able to induce a tight monolayer capable of transport on electrospun supramolecular UPy-membranes. This study shows that a random polymeric catechol coating cannot be simply mimicked by defined monomeric catechols as supramolecular additives. There is still a long way to go in order to synthetically mimic simple natural structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C van Gaal
- R. C. van Gaal, Dr. P.-P. K. H. Fransen, Prof. P. Y. W. Dankers, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Fedecostante
- Dr. M. Fedecostante, Prof. R. Masereeuw, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg, 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter-Paul K H Fransen
- R. C. van Gaal, Dr. P.-P. K. H. Fransen, Prof. P. Y. W. Dankers, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Dr. M. Fedecostante, Prof. R. Masereeuw, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg, 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Y W Dankers
- R. C. van Gaal, Dr. P.-P. K. H. Fransen, Prof. P. Y. W. Dankers, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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10
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Preparation of gentamicin sulfate eluting fiber mats by emulsion and by suspension electrospinning. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 94:86-93. [PMID: 30423773 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the immobilization of the antibiotic gentamicin sulfate (GS) in electrospun fiber mats composed of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and the copolymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Since GS is highly water soluble but weakly soluble in the organic solvents commonly used in the electrospinning process, two methods of immobilization were investigated: by suspension electrospinning, in which GS particles were directly dispersed in the polymeric organic solutions, and by emulsion electrospinning, in which GS was solubilized in an aqueous phase that was then dispersed in the organic polymeric solution containing the surfactant SPAN80. Fibers with distinct diameters and morphologies were obtained for the different methods and compositions. Contrary to the fibers prepared by suspension electrospinning, emulsion electrospinning based fibers exhibited an excellent wettability, allegedly due to the effect of the surfactant SPAN80. Despite the differences between both methods the produced mats presented similar GS release profiles, with a considerable burst release in the first 8 h followed by a gradual release of the remaining drug during the next 4-6 days. Finally, all GS loaded fiber mats proved to have an antibacterial effect against the bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus.
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12
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Preem L, Mahmoudzadeh M, Putrinš M, Meos A, Laidmäe I, Romann T, Aruväli J, Härmas R, Koivuniemi A, Bunker A, Tenson T, Kogermann K. Interactions between Chloramphenicol, Carrier Polymers, and Bacteria–Implications for Designing Electrospun Drug Delivery Systems Countering Wound Infection. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4417-4430. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liis Preem
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohammad Mahmoudzadeh
- Drug
research program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E,
P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marta Putrinš
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Meos
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivo Laidmäe
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tavo Romann
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaan Aruväli
- Institute
of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Riinu Härmas
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Artturi Koivuniemi
- Drug
research program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E,
P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alex Bunker
- Drug
research program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E,
P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karin Kogermann
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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Trinca RB, Westin CB, da Silva JAF, Moraes ÂM. Electrospun multilayer chitosan scaffolds as potential wound dressings for skin lesions. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Trinca RB, Abraham GA, Felisberti MI. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds of segmented polyurethanes based on PEG, PLLA and PTMC blocks: Physico-chemical properties and morphology. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 56:511-7. [PMID: 26249621 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible polymeric scaffolds are crucial for successful tissue engineering. Biomedical segmented polyurethanes (SPUs) are an important and versatile class of polymers characterized by a broad spectrum of compositions, molecular architectures, properties and applications. Although SPUs are versatile materials that can be designed by different routes to cover a wide range of properties, they have been infrequently used for the preparation of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds. This study reports the preparation of new electrospun polyurethane scaffolds. The segmented polyurethanes were synthesized using low molar masses macrodyols (poly(ethylene glycol), poly(l-lactide) and poly(trimethylene carbonate)) and 1,6-hexane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanodiol as isocyanate and chain extensor, respectively. Different electrospinning parameters such as solution properties and processing conditions were evaluated to achieve smooth, uniform bead-free fibers. Electrospun micro/nanofibrous structures with mean fiber diameters ranging from 600nm to 770nm were obtained by varying the processing conditions. They were characterized in terms of thermal and dynamical mechanical properties, swelling degree and morphology. The elastomeric polyurethane scaffolds exhibit interesting properties that could be appropriate as biomimetic matrices for soft tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Bergamo Trinca
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, Zip Code 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo A Abraham
- Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology INTEMA (UNMdP-CONICET), Av. Juan B. Justo 4302, B7608FDQ Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Maria Isabel Felisberti
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, Zip Code 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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