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Holey S, Nayak RR. Harnessing Glycolipids for Supramolecular Gelation: A Contemporary Review. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25513-25538. [PMID: 38911776 PMCID: PMC11190938 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Within the scope of this review, our exploration spans diverse facets of amphiphilic glycolipid-based low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs). This journey explores glycolipid synthesis, self-assembly, and gelation with tailorable properties. It begins by examining the design of glycolipids and their influence on gel formation. Following this, a brief exploration of several gel characterization techniques adds another layer to the understanding of these materials. The final section is dedicated to unraveling the various applications of these glycolipid-based supramolecular gels. A meticulous analysis of available glycolipid gelators and their correlations with desired properties for distinct applications is a pivotal aspect of their investigation. As of the present moment, there exists a notable absence of a review dedicated exclusively to glycolipid gelators. This study aims to bridge this critical gap by presenting an overview that provides novel insights into their unique properties and versatile applications. This holistic examination seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of molecular design, structural characteristics, and functional applications of glycolipid gelators by offering insights that can propel advancements in these converging scientific disciplines. Overall, this review highlights the diverse classifications of glycolipid-derived gelators and particularly emphasizes their capacity to form gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal
Ashokrao Holey
- Department
of Oils, Lipid Science and Technology, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rati Ranjan Nayak
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- CSIR-Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
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Vasanthan RJ, Pradhan S, Thangamuthu MD. Emerging Aspects of Triazole in Organic Synthesis: Exploring its Potential as a Gelator. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:456-512. [PMID: 36221871 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666221010094531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) - commonly known as the "click reaction" - serves as the most effective and highly reliable tool for facile construction of simple to complex designs at the molecular level. It relates to the formation of carbon heteroatomic systems by joining or clicking small molecular pieces together with the help of various organic reactions such as cycloaddition, conjugate addition, ring-opening, etc. Such dynamic strategy results in the generation of triazole and its derivatives from azides and alkynes with three nitrogen atoms in the five-membered aromatic azole ring that often forms gel-assembled structures having gelating properties. These scaffolds have led to prominent applications in designing advanced soft materials, 3D printing, ion sensing, drug delivery, photonics, separation, and purification. In this review, we mainly emphasize the different mechanistic aspects of triazole formation, which includes the synthesis of sugar-based and non-sugar-based triazoles, and their gel applications reported in the literature for the past ten years, as well as the upcoming scope in different branches of applied sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabecca Jenifer Vasanthan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India
| | - Sheersha Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India
| | - Mohan Das Thangamuthu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India
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Amphiphilic benzothiadiazole derivatives: synthesis, self-assembly and applications as light-emitting liquid crystal display and switchable anisotropic scattering device. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Holey SA, Sekhar KPC, Swain DK, Bojja S, Nayak RR. Supramolecular Glycolipid-Based Hydro-/Organogels with Enzymatic Bioactive Release Ability by Tuning the Chain Length and Headgroup Size. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1103-1114. [PMID: 35196000 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Designing of supramolecular hydro-/organogels having desired properties, biocompatibility, and stimuli responsiveness is a challenging task. Herein, the gelation ability of amphiphilic glycolipid-based gelators in a wide range of solvents is explored. The structure-function relationship was established by varying the chain length and polar headgroup size of amphiphilic gelators. The prepared hydro-/organogels were characterized by employing several techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheology, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), etc. The thermal stability of hydro-/organogels increased with an increase in chain length. Rheological analysis depicted that variation in chain length and headgroup size of amphiphilic gelators significantly affected the gel strength and stability. The self-assembled morphology of hydro-/organogel samples revealed the compact entangled fibrillar network structures. After comparing the energy-minimized molecular length with the d-spacing value obtained by XRD, interdigitated bilayer packing in the gel network was established. The bioactive encapsulation and enzymatic release study of hydro-/organogels portrayed their potential application in the biomedical field. To our delight, glycolipid 16M (C16 chain length) formed a molecular hydrogel with injectable and thixotropic behaviors. High critical strain value, thixotropy, injectability, thermoreversibility, and faster bioactive release for the 16M-W hydrogel proved crucial to predict its future applications. Overall, glycolipid amphiphiles designed by upholding proper hydrophilic-lipophilic balance can form multifunctional supramolecular hydrogels with excellent implementation in the drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Ashokrao Holey
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kanaparedu P C Sekhar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Swain
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sreedhar Bojja
- Department of Analytical and Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rati Ranjan Nayak
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Jenifer VR, Muthuvel P, Das TM. Rational Design of Heterocyclic Moieties Incorporated in [1,2,3]Sugar‐Triazole Derivatives for Antioxidant Studies. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Rabecca Jenifer
- Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN) Thiruvarur 610 005 INDIA
| | - Panneerselvam Muthuvel
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 INDIA
| | - Thangamuthu Mohan Das
- Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN) Thiruvarur 610 005 INDIA
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 INDIA
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Morris J, Bietsch J, Bashaw K, Wang G. Recently Developed Carbohydrate Based Gelators and Their Applications. Gels 2021; 7:24. [PMID: 33652820 PMCID: PMC8006029 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate based low molecular weight gelators have been an intense subject of study over the past decade. The self-assembling systems built from natural products have high significance as biocompatible materials and renewable resources. The versatile structures available from naturally existing monosaccharides have enriched the molecular libraries that can be used for the construction of gelators. The bottom-up strategy in designing low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) for a variety of applications has been adopted by many researchers. Rational design, along with some serendipitous discoveries, has resulted in multiple classes of molecular gelators. This review covers the literature from 2017-2020 on monosaccharide based gelators, including common hexoses, pentoses, along with some disaccharides and their derivatives. The structure-based design and structure to gelation property relationships are reviewed first, followed by stimuli-responsive gelators. The last section focuses on the applications of the sugar based gelators, including their utilization in environmental remediation, ion sensing, catalysis, drug delivery and 3D-printing. We will also review the available LMWGs and their structure correlations to the desired properties for different applications. This review aims at elucidating the design principles and structural features that are pertinent to various applications and hope to provide certain guidelines for researchers that are working at the interface of chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guijun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA; (J.M.); (J.B.); (K.B.)
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Ludwig AD, Saint-Jalmes A, Mériadec C, Artzner F, Tasseau O, Berrée F, Lemiègre L. Boron Effect on Sugar-Based Organogelators. Chemistry 2020; 26:13927-13934. [PMID: 32579731 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of several alkylglucosides with phenyl boronic acid permitted easy access to a series of alkylglucoside phenyl boronate derivatives. This type of compound has structures similar to those of known benzylidene glucoside organogelators except for the presence of a boronate function in place of the acetal one. Low to very low concentrations of these amphiphilic molecules produced gelation of several organic solvents. The rheological properties of the corresponding soft materials characterized them as elastic solids. They were further characterized by SEM to obtain more information on their morphologies and by SAXS to determine the type of self-assembly involved within the gels. The sensitivity of the boronate function towards hydrolysis was also investigated. We demonstrated that a small amount of water (5 % v/v) was sufficient to disrupt the organogels leading to the original alkylglucoside and phenyl boronic acid; an important difference with the stable benzylidene-based organogelators. Such water-sensitive boronated organogelators could be suitable substances for the preparation of smart soft material for topical drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D Ludwig
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Arnaud Saint-Jalmes
- CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Cristelle Mériadec
- CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Franck Artzner
- CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Tasseau
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Fabienne Berrée
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Loïc Lemiègre
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
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Soundarajan K, Mohan Das T. Sugar-benzohydrazide based phase selective gelators for marine oil spill recovery and removal of dye from polluted water. Carbohydr Res 2019; 481:60-66. [PMID: 31252336 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of 3,4,5-tri-O-benzohydrazide based N-glycosylamines were characterized using NMR (1H and 13C) and mass spectral analysis. Gelation properties of the synthesized molecules in different solvents and oils were studied and gelation was observed with minimum Critical Gelator Concentration (CGC) of 0.8% (w/v) in benzene. The free hydroxyl group of the sugar moiety, benzohydrazide and three alkyl chains present in all these compounds afford the collective driving forces for gelation. Phase-Selective Organo-Gelators (PSOGs) are molecules that can gel the oil selectively from the biphasic combination of oil and water and it is one of the good candidates for recovering oil in case of oil spill. It is observed that these gelators can be used as solid particles on a biphasic system consist of oil and water. It solidifies the oil selectively which can be taken out by means of the physical process. FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy suggest that the driving forces for the gelation are hydrogen-bonding, π-π stacking and van der Waals interaction. The gels were studied using FE-SEM, DSC and rheological techniques. FE-SEM analysis shows that the formation of thin fibers and large wrinkle like aggregate structure in the gel state is due to the presence of different weak molecular interactions. The phase selection and gel-sol transition properties of these molecules confer their ability to absorb and release dyes with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalakannan Soundarajan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India
| | - Thangamuthu Mohan Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India.
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