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Kurt A, Atalar I. Steady and dynamic shear rheology of aqueous solutions of quince seed gum combinations with locust bean or xanthan gums. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133409. [PMID: 38925200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the rheological properties of quince seed gum (Q) solution in comparison with xanthan gum (X) and locust bean gums (L) and the polymeric interactions of different ratios of Q:X and Q:L blends (1:1, 1:3 and 3:1). Q exhibits greater and stronger elastic properties than X and L. The frequency and temperature stability of Q and X are both higher than that of L. The viscoelastic properties of Q:X and Q:L solutions were found to be higher than those of the individual solutions. The higher polymer entanglements observed in Q:L blends resulted in enhanced synergistic interactions and thixotropy compared to Q:X. 3QX exhibited an enhanced elastic structure, but the best synergism was observed for 3QL due to the establishment of a stronger intermolecular bond for gelling. The lower tan δ observed with increasing Q indicate a Q-induced synergistic interaction with L. At all temperatures, 3QL showed the highest thixotropy. The combination of Q and L resulted in the formation of a true gel, with the higher gel strength being observed for QL and 3QL. This study shows that Q:L and Q:X combinations can yield desired flow properties. In particular, L provides a firmer gel network with Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Kurt
- Department of Food Engineering, Aksehir Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Selcuk University, 42550 Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ilyas Atalar
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26160 Eskisehir, Turkey
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2
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Saravana Karthikeyan B, Madhubala MM, Rajkumar G, Dhivya V, Kishen A, Srinivasan N, Mahalaxmi S. Physico-chemical and biological characterization of synthetic and eggshell derived nanohydroxyapatite/carboxymethyl chitosan composites for pulp-dentin tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132620. [PMID: 38795888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid nanohydroxyapatite/carboxymethyl chitosan (nHAp-CMC) scaffolds have garnered significant attention in the field of regenerative engineering. The current study comparatively analyzed the physicochemical and biological properties of synthetic nanohydroxyapatite (SnHA)- and eggshell-sourced nanohydroxyapatite (EnHA)- based CMC biocomposites for pulp-dentin regeneration. EnHA and CMC were synthesized through a chemical process, whereas SnHA was commercially obtained. Composite scaffolds of SnHA-CMC and EnHA-CMC (1:5 w/w) were prepared using freeze-drying method. All biomaterials were characterized by FTIR, micro-Raman, XRD, HRSEM-EDX, and TEM analyses, and their in vitro bioactivity was assessed by immersing them in simulated body fluid for 21 days. The biological properties of the composite scaffolds were evaluated by assessing cytocompatibility using MTT assay and biomineralization potential by analyzing the odontogenic gene expressions (ALP, DSPP, DMP-1 and VEGF) in human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) using RT-qPCR method. Characterization studies revealed that EnHA displayed higher crystallinity and superior surface morphology compared to SnHA. The composite scaffolds showed a highly interconnected porous microstructure with pore sizes ranging between 60 and 220 μm, ideal for cell seeding. All tested materials, SnHA, EnHA, and their respective composites, displayed high cytocompatibility, increased ALP activity and degree of mineralization with significant upregulation of odontogenic-related genes on DPSCs (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the odontogenic differentiation potential of EnHA-CMC on DPSCs was significantly higher when compared to SnHA-CMC. The findings from this study highlight the potential of EnHA-CMC as a promising candidate for pulp-dentin engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanian Saravana Karthikeyan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Manavalan Madhana Madhubala
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Rajkumar
- Department of Physics, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai 600 089, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Dhivya
- Department of Physics, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai 600 089, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anil Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X3, Canada
| | | | - Sekar Mahalaxmi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ciarlantini C, Francolini I, Silvestro I, Mariano A, d'Abusco AS, Piozzi A. Design of bioactive and biomimetic scaffolds based on chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte complexes for tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121684. [PMID: 38171693 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The replacement and regeneration of biological tissues by fabricating three-dimensional functionalized constructs that can improve material interaction with cells is an important challenge of tissue engineering. In this study, bioactive and biomimetic scaffolds based on chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) were fabricated by freeze-drying method and then crosslinked with CaCl2. Various chitosan-alginate (CS-AL) molar ratios were used to obtain PECs with different structural and mechanical properties. The CS1-AL2.3 scaffold showed to possess the best mechanical properties (8 MPa) and good pore morphology with an average size of 100-150 μm. After the crosslinking process, a less porous structure but with higher elastic modulus (30 MPa) was obtained. To make matrix bioactive and biomimetic, the CS1-AL2.3 system was first functionalized with 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (HCAF) and then with PySO3 or Heparin to introduce groups/molecules mimicking the extracellular matrix. While the antioxidant properties of the scaffolds containing HCAF improved by 3 orders of magnitude, compared to the non-functionalized matrix, the introduction of sulfonic groups into the bioactive scaffold made the structure more porous and hydrophilic with respect to the heparinized one also favoring the penetration and proliferation of fibroblasts into the scaffold. These results indicate the potential of these novel systems for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Ciarlantini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Iolanda Francolini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Silvestro
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Mariano
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Scotto d'Abusco
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Piozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Berezina OV, Rykov SV, Schwarz WH, Liebl W. Xanthan: enzymatic degradation and novel perspectives of applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:227. [PMID: 38381223 PMCID: PMC10881899 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular heteropolysaccharide xanthan, synthesized by bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas, is widely used as a thickening and stabilizing agent across the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Expanding the scope of its application, current efforts target the use of xanthan to develop innovative functional materials and products, such as edible films, eco-friendly oil surfactants, and biocompatible composites for tissue engineering. Xanthan-derived oligosaccharides are useful as nutritional supplements and plant defense elicitors. Development and processing of such new functional materials and products often necessitate tuning of xanthan properties through targeted structural modification. This task can be effectively carried out with the help of xanthan-specific enzymes. However, the complex molecular structure and intricate conformational behavior of xanthan create problems with its enzymatic hydrolysis or modification. This review summarizes and analyzes data concerning xanthan-degrading enzymes originating from microorganisms and microbial consortia, with a particular focus on the dependence of enzymatic activity on the structure and conformation of xanthan. Through a comparative study of xanthan-degrading pathways found within various bacterial classes, different microbial enzyme systems for xanthan utilization have been identified. The characterization of these new enzymes opens new perspectives for modifying xanthan structure and developing innovative xanthan-based applications. KEY POINTS: • The structure and conformation of xanthan affect enzymatic degradation. • Microorganisms use diverse multienzyme systems for xanthan degradation. • Xanthan-specific enzymes can be used to develop xanthan variants for novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V Berezina
- National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Academician Kurchatov Sq. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V Rykov
- National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Academician Kurchatov Sq. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Wolfgang H Schwarz
- Chair of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Liebl
- Chair of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354, Freising, Germany.
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Barbosa RM, da Rocha DN, Bombaldi de Souza RF, Santos JL, Ferreira JRM, Moraes ÂM. Cell-Friendly Chitosan-Xanthan Gum Membranes Incorporating Hydroxyapatite Designed for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020705. [PMID: 36840027 PMCID: PMC9962096 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a simple method was proposed to produce dense composite polysaccharide-based membranes to be used for guided tissue and guided bone regeneration. The mucoadhesive polysaccharides chitosan (C) and xanthan gum (X) were used to produce polyelectrolyte-based complex membranes. Hydroxyapatite (HA) was added to the formulation as a potential drug carrier, in C:X:HA mass proportions equal to 1:1:0.4, 1:1:2, and 1:1:10, and also to improve membranes bioactivity and biomimetic properties. FTIR analysis indicated successful incorporation of HA in the membranes and XRD analysis showed that no changes in the HA crystalline structure were observed after incorporation. The residual mass evaluated by TGA was higher for the formulation produced at the proportion 1:1:10. The membranes produced showed asymmetrical surfaces, with distinct roughness. Increasing the HA concentration increased the surface roughness. Greater in vitro proliferation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells was observed on the surface of the membrane with 1:1:10 C:X:HA proportion. However, the 1:1:2 formulation showed the most adequate balance of mechanical and biological properties. These results suggest that adding HA to the membranes can influence mechanical parameters as well as cell adhesion and proliferation, supporting the potential application of these materials in regenerative techniques and the treatment of periodontal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Maza Barbosa
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil
- Department of Bioengineering, R-Crio Criogenia S.A., Campinas 13098-324, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Francielle Bombaldi de Souza
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil
| | - Jheison Lopes Santos
- Department of Physics, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Qi Y, Wang C, Wang Q, Zhou F, Li T, Wang B, Su W, Shang D, Wu S. A simple, quick, and cost-effective strategy to fabricate polycaprolactone/silk fibroin nanofiber yarns for biotextile-based tissue scaffold application. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Valiey E, Dekamin MG, Bondarian S. Sulfamic acid grafted to cross-linked chitosan by dendritic units: a bio-based, highly efficient and heterogeneous organocatalyst for green synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazoline derivatives. RSC Adv 2022; 13:320-334. [PMID: 36605675 PMCID: PMC9768850 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07319f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, novel cross-linked chitosan by the G1 dendrimer from condensation of melamine and toluene-2,4-diisocyante terminated by sulfamic acid groups (CS-TDI-Me-TDI-NHSO3H), as a bio-based and heterogeneous acidic organocatalyst, was designed and prepared. Also, the structure of the prepared organocatalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis/derivative thermogravimetry (TGA/DTA). Subsequently, the catalytic performance of the biobased and dendritic CS-TDI-Me-TDI-NHSO3H, as a multifunctional solid acid, was evaluated for the preparation of 2,3-dihydroquinazoline derivatives through a three-component reaction by following green chemistry principles. Some of the advantages of this new protocol include high to excellent yields and short reaction times as well as easy preparation and remarkable catalyst stability of the introduced acidic organocatalyst. The CS-TDI-Me-TDI-SO3H catalyst can be used for up to five cycles for the preparation of quinazoline derivatives with a slight decrease in its catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Valiey
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehran1684613314Iran
| | - Mohammad G. Dekamin
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehran1684613314Iran
| | - Shirin Bondarian
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehran1684613314Iran
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Li Y, Liu Y, Campos de Souza S, Chao T, Dong L, Sun G, Wang C, Niu Y. Differential Foreign Body Reactions between Branched and Linear Glucomannan Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040293. [PMID: 36547553 PMCID: PMC9781890 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent and patterns of foreign body reaction (FBR) influence the function and feasibility of biomaterials. Polysaccharides, as an important biomaterial category, have received increasing attention in diverse biomaterials design and biomedical applications due to their excellent polymeric and biocompatible characteristics. Their biological effects are usually associated with their monosaccharide composition or functional groups, yet the contribution of their glycan structure is still unknown. Herein, two glucomannans, similar in composition and molecular weight with differences in glycan structure, linear-chain (Konjac glucomannan, KGM), and branched-chain (Bletilla striata polysaccharide, BSP), were adopted to explore the host-biomaterials interaction. After acetyl modification, these polysaccharides were fabricated into electrospun scaffolds to reduce the impacts derived from the physical properties and surface morphology. According to a systematic study of their biological effects on immune cells and host response in a subcutaneous implantation model in vivo, it was revealed that acetyl KGM (acKGM) scaffolds caused a stronger FBR than acetyl BSP materials. Additionally, acKGM could stimulate macrophages to release pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting the influence of sugar chain arrangement on FBR and providing clues for the fine regulation of immune response and novel biomaterials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Senio Campos de Souza
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Tzuwei Chao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Guoxing Sun
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute (ZUMRI), Hengqin, Zhuhai 519031, China
- Correspondence: (C.W.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Correspondence: (C.W.); (Y.N.)
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Recent Advances in Smart Hydrogels Prepared by Ionizing Radiation Technology for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204377. [PMID: 36297955 PMCID: PMC9608571 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials with excellent biocompatibility and targeting can be widely used in the biomedical field. Hydrogels are an excellent biomedical material, which are similar to living tissue and cannot affect the metabolic process of living organisms. Moreover, the three-dimensional network structure of hydrogel is conducive to the storage and slow release of drugs. Compared to the traditional hydrogel preparation technologies, ionizing radiation technology has high efficiency, is green, and has environmental protection. This technology can easily adjust mechanical properties, swelling, and so on. This review provides a classification of hydrogels and different preparation methods and highlights the advantages of ionizing radiation technology in smart hydrogels used for biomedical applications.
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Gellan Gum Is a Suitable Biomaterial for Manual and Bioprinted Setup of Long-Term Stable, Functional 3D-Adipose Tissue Models. Gels 2022; 8:gels8070420. [PMID: 35877505 PMCID: PMC9315477 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its wide-ranging endocrine functions, adipose tissue influences the whole body’s metabolism. Engineering long-term stable and functional human adipose tissue is still challenging due to the limited availability of suitable biomaterials and adequate cell maturation. We used gellan gum (GG) to create manual and bioprinted adipose tissue models because of its similarities to the native extracellular matrix and its easily tunable properties. Gellan gum itself was neither toxic nor monocyte activating. The resulting hydrogels exhibited suitable viscoelastic properties for soft tissues and were stable for 98 days in vitro. Encapsulated human primary adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were adipogenically differentiated for 14 days and matured for an additional 84 days. Live-dead staining showed that encapsulated cells stayed viable until day 98, while intracellular lipid staining showed an increase over time and a differentiation rate of 76% between days 28 and 56. After 4 weeks of culture, adipocytes had a univacuolar morphology, expressed perilipin A, and secreted up to 73% more leptin. After bioprinting establishment, we demonstrated that the cells in printed hydrogels had high cell viability and exhibited an adipogenic phenotype and function. In summary, GG-based adipose tissue models show long-term stability and allow ASCs maturation into functional, univacuolar adipocytes.
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Martin CA, Radhakrishnan S, Ribelles JLG, Trentz O, Eak N, Reddy MS, Rela M, Subbaraya NK. Adipose tissue derived stromal cells in a gelatin based 3D matrix with exclusive ascorbic acid signalling emerged as a novel neural tissue engineering construct – An innovative prototype for soft tissue. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac031. [PMID: 35702348 PMCID: PMC9188297 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated a triad, which comprises of adipose tissue derived stem cells isolated from infrapatellar fat pad and gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based matrix with exclusive ascorbic acid signalling. Though, the bio-mechanical properties of the gelatin–PVA blended scaffolds in wet condition are equivalent to the ECM of soft tissues in general, in this study, the triad was tested as a model for neural tissue engineering. Apart from being cytocompatible and biocompatible, the porosity of the scaffold has been designed in such a manner that it facilitates the cell signalling and enables the exchange of nutrients and gases. The highly proliferative stem cells from Passage 2 were characterized using both, mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell markers. As an initial exploration the mesenchymal stem cells at Passage 4 were exposed to ascorbic acid and basic fibroblast growth factor signalling for neuronal differentiation in 2D environment independently. The MSCs successfully differentiated and acquired neuron specific markers related to cytoskeleton and synapses. Subsequently, three phases of experiments have been conducted on the 3D gelatin/PVA matrix to prove their efficacy, the growth of stem cells, growth of differentiated neurons and the in situ growth and differentiation of MSCs. The scaffold was conducive and directed MSCs to neuronal lineage under specific signalling. Overall, this organotypic model triad could open a new avenue in the field of soft tissue engineering as a simple and effective tissue construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ann Martin
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai-600025, India
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
| | - Subathra Radhakrishnan
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
| | - Jose Luis Gómez Ribelles
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Omana Trentz
- MIOT Institute of Research, MIOT Hospitals, Chennai-600089, India
| | - Nivethaa Eak
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai-600025, India
| | - Mettu Srinivas Reddy
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
| | - Mohamed Rela
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
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12
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Sood A, Gupta A, Agrawal G. Recent advances in polysaccharides based biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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13
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Zhu X, Wang Z, Teng F. A review of regulated self-organizing approaches for tissue regeneration. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 167:63-78. [PMID: 34293337 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue and organ regeneration is the dynamic process by which a population of cells rearranges into a specific form with specific functions. Traditional tissue regeneration utilizes tissue grafting, cell implantation, and structured scaffolds to achieve clinical efficacy. However, tissue grafting methods face a shortage of donor tissue, while cell implantation may involve leakage of the implanted cells without a supportive 3D matrix. Cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation in structured scaffolds may disorganize and frustrate the artificially pre-designed structures, and sometimes involve immunogenic reactions. To overcome this limitation, the self-organizing properties and innate regenerative capability of tissue/organism formation in the absence of guidance by structured scaffolds has been investigated. This review emphasizes the growing subfield of the regulated self-organizing approach for neotissue formation and describes advances in the subfield using diverse, cutting-edge, inter-disciplinarity technologies. We cohesively summarize the directed self-organization of cells in the micro-engineered cell-ECM system and 3D/4D cell printing. Mathematical modeling of cellular self-organization is also discussed for providing rational guidance to intractable problems in tissue regeneration. It is envisioned that future self-organization approaches integrating biomathematics, micro-nano engineering, and gene circuits developed from synthetic biology will continue to work in concert with self-organizing morphogenesis to enhance rational control during self-organizing in tissue and organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhu
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China; Changzhou Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture Technology, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Special Robot Technology, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China
| | - Fang Teng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China.
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Kamdem Tamo A, Doench I, Walter L, Montembault A, Sudre G, David L, Morales-Helguera A, Selig M, Rolauffs B, Bernstein A, Hoenders D, Walther A, Osorio-Madrazo A. Development of Bioinspired Functional Chitosan/Cellulose Nanofiber 3D Hydrogel Constructs by 3D Printing for Application in the Engineering of Mechanically Demanding Tissues. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1663. [PMID: 34065272 PMCID: PMC8160918 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissues are commonly fiber-reinforced hydrogel composite structures, distinguishable from hard tissues by their low mineral and high water content. In this work, we proposed the development of 3D printed hydrogel constructs of the biopolymers chitosan (CHI) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), both without any chemical modification, which processing did not incorporate any chemical crosslinking. The unique mechanical properties of native cellulose nanofibers offer new strategies for the design of environmentally friendly high mechanical performance composites. In the here proposed 3D printed bioinspired CNF-filled CHI hydrogel biomaterials, the chitosan serves as a biocompatible matrix promoting cell growth with balanced hydrophilic properties, while the CNFs provide mechanical reinforcement to the CHI-based hydrogel. By means of extrusion-based printing (EBB), the design and development of 3D functional hydrogel scaffolds was achieved by using low concentrations of chitosan (2.0-3.0% (w/v)) and cellulose nanofibers (0.2-0.4% (w/v)). CHI/CNF printed hydrogels with good mechanical performance (Young's modulus 3.0 MPa, stress at break 1.5 MPa, and strain at break 75%), anisotropic microstructure and suitable biological response, were achieved. The CHI/CNF composition and processing parameters were optimized in terms of 3D printability, resolution, and quality of the constructs (microstructure and mechanical properties), resulting in good cell viability. This work allows expanding the library of the so far used biopolymer compositions for 3D printing of mechanically performant hydrogel constructs, purely based in the natural polymers chitosan and cellulose, offering new perspectives in the engineering of mechanically demanding hydrogel tissues like intervertebral disc (IVD), cartilage, meniscus, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Doench
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Walter
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Montembault
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Guillaume Sudre
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Laurent David
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Aliuska Morales-Helguera
- Chemical Bioactive Center CBQ, Molecular Simulation and Drug Design Group, Central University of Las Villas, Santa Clara 50400, Cuba;
| | - Mischa Selig
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Anke Bernstein
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniel Hoenders
- Department of Chemistry, University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Andreas Walther
- Department of Chemistry, University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Anayancy Osorio-Madrazo
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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Jiang Z, Zhang K, Du L, Cheng Z, Zhang T, Ding J, Li W, Xu B, Zhu M. Construction of chitosan scaffolds with controllable microchannel for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112178. [PMID: 34082978 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microchannels are effective means of enabling the functional performance of tissue engineering scaffolds. Chitosan, a partial deacetylation derivative of chitin, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility, has been widely used in clinical practice. However, development of chitosan scaffolds with controllable microchannels architecture remains an engineering challenge. Here, we generated chitosan scaffolds with adjustable microchannel by combining a 3D printing microfiber templates-leaching method and a freeze-drying method. We can precisely control the arrangement, diameter and density of microchannel within chitosan scaffolds. Moreover, the integrated bilayer scaffolds with the desired structural parameters in each layer were fabricated and exhibited no delamination. The flow rate and volume of the simulated fluid can be modulated by diverse channels architecture. Additionally, the microchannel structure promoted cell survival, proliferation and distribution in vitro, and improved cell and tissue ingrowth and vascular formation in vivo. This study opens a new road for constructing chitosan scaffolds, and can further extend their application scope across tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyan Jiang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Kaihui Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Lilong Du
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China.
| | - Zhaojun Cheng
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Tongxing Zhang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ji Ding
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China.
| | - Meifeng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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16
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Biomimicry of microbial polysaccharide hydrogels for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine – A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Sobczak-Kupiec A, Drabczyk A, Kudłacik-Kramarczyk S, Tyliszczak B. Hydroxyapatite powders prepared using two different methods as modifying agents of PVP/collagen composites designed for biomedical applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1785458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sobczak-Kupiec
- Cracow university of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Drabczyk
- Cracow university of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk
- Cracow university of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bozena Tyliszczak
- Cracow university of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, Krakow, Poland
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18
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Zhang F, King MW. Biodegradable Polymers as the Pivotal Player in the Design of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901358. [PMID: 32424996 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers play a pivotal role in in situ tissue engineering. Utilizing various technologies, researchers have been able to fabricate 3D tissue engineering scaffolds using biodegradable polymers. They serve as temporary templates, providing physical and biochemical signals to the cells and determining the successful outcome of tissue remodeling. Furthermore, a biodegradable scaffold also presents the fourth dimension for tissue engineering, namely time. The properties of the biodegradable polymer change over time, presenting continuously changing features during the degradation process. These changes become more complicated when different materials are combined together to fabricate a composite or heterogeneous scaffold. This review undertakes a systematic analysis of the basic characteristics of biodegradable polymers and describe recent advances in making composite biodegradable scaffolds for in situ tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The interaction between implanted biodegradable biomaterials and the in vivo environment are also discussed, including the properties and functional changes of the degradable scaffold, the local effect of degradation on the contiguous tissue and their evaluation using both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Wilson College of TextilesNorth Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27606 USA
| | - Martin W. King
- Wilson College of TextilesNorth Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27606 USA
- College of TextilesDonghua University Songjiang District Shanghai 201620 China
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19
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Immobilization of heparin-mimetic biomacromolecules on Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetic anticoagulant via mussel-inspired coating. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Chitosan/gellan gum ratio content into blends modulates the scaffolding capacity of hydrogels on bone mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Bombaldi de Souza RF, Bombaldi de Souza FC, Thorpe A, Mantovani D, Popat KC, Moraes ÂM. Phosphorylation of chitosan to improve osteoinduction of chitosan/xanthan-based scaffolds for periosteal tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 143:619-632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Natural Sources and Applications of Demineralized Bone Matrix in the Field of Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1249:3-14. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3258-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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23
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Bushkalova R, Farno M, Tenailleau C, Duployer B, Cussac D, Parini A, Sallerin B, Girod Fullana S. Alginate-chitosan PEC scaffolds: A useful tool for soft tissues cell therapy. Int J Pharm 2019; 571:118692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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24
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Tiwari S, Patil R, Bahadur P. Polysaccharide Based Scaffolds for Soft Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 11:E1. [PMID: 30959985 PMCID: PMC6401776 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue reconstructs require materials that form three-dimensional (3-D) structures supportive to cell proliferation and regenerative processes. Polysaccharides, due to their hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, abundance, and presence of derivatizable functional groups, are distinctive scaffold materials. Superior mechanical properties, physiological signaling, and tunable tissue response have been achieved through chemical modification of polysaccharides. Moreover, an appropriate formulation strategy enables spatial placement of the scaffold to a targeted site. With the advent of newer technologies, these preparations can be tailor-made for responding to alterations in temperature, pH, or other physiological stimuli. In this review, we discuss the developmental and biological aspects of scaffolds prepared from four polysaccharides, viz. alginic acid (ALG), chitosan (CHI), hyaluronic acid (HA), and dextran (DEX). Clinical studies on these scaffolds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Tiwari
- Maliba Pharmacy College, UKA Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar Campus, Surat 394350, Gujarat, India.
| | - Rahul Patil
- Maliba Pharmacy College, UKA Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar Campus, Surat 394350, Gujarat, India.
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Chemistry Department, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India.
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