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Guo Z, Niu W, Qi G, Chai GB, Tai Z, Li Y. Performance of 3D printing biomimetic conch shell and pearl shell hybrid design composites under quasi-static three-point bending load. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 151:106381. [PMID: 38184932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The failure process of biomimetic hybrid design composite composed of layers of conch shell and pearl shell was studied through quasi-static three-point bending experiments and numerical simulations. The biomimetic conch shell structure with inclined angles serves as the upper layer of the hybrid structure, while the biomimetic pearl shell structure with traditional brick and mud structure serves as the lower layer of the hybrid structure, forming a hybrid design structure. Four inclined angles were designed for the structural units of the conch shell, namely 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60°. Twenty-four specimens (six specimens for each inclined angle) were prepared using 3D printing technology using both soft and hard matrix materials. The influence of different inclined angles on the fracture strength, fracture toughness, and energy absorption of hybrid design structures was experimentally studied. The biomimetic hybrid design composite specimen with a notch is placed between two supporting rollers, and a loading indenter acts at mid-span. All twenty-four specimens were notched with a triangular tip and a rectangular bottom. A loading rate of 1 mm/min is used to avoid the viscoelastic effect of the composite materials. Details of the specimens, the experimental set-up and procedure are discussed in this paper. Complementary to the experimental studies, an extensive numerical investigation was carried out to study the influence of the aspect ratio of brick and mud units on the fracture initiation and failure of hybrid design structures. The causes of crack initiation and propagation, and failure modes in biomimetic hybrid design structures were postulated. These numerical findings help in reinforcing the experimental results and provide crucial information to enhance further research in this exciting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxin Guo
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Material Strength & Structural Impact, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Weijing Niu
- Shanxi Polytechnic College, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Guoliang Qi
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Gin Boay Chai
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhe Tai
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yongcun Li
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanics Education (Taiyuan University of Technology), Taiyuan, 030024, China
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2
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Mahmood A, Perveen F, Chen S, Akram T, Irfan A. Polymer Composites in 3D/4D Printing: Materials, Advances, and Prospects. Molecules 2024; 29:319. [PMID: 38257232 PMCID: PMC10818632 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), commonly referred to as 3D printing, has revolutionized the manufacturing landscape by enabling the intricate layer-by-layer construction of three-dimensional objects. In contrast to traditional methods relying on molds and tools, AM provides the flexibility to fabricate diverse components directly from digital models without the need for physical alterations to machinery. Four-dimensional printing is a revolutionary extension of 3D printing that introduces the dimension of time, enabling dynamic transformations in printed structures over predetermined periods. This comprehensive review focuses on polymeric materials in 3D printing, exploring their versatile processing capabilities, environmental adaptability, and applications across thermoplastics, thermosetting materials, elastomers, polymer composites, shape memory polymers (SMPs), including liquid crystal elastomer (LCE), and self-healing polymers for 4D printing. This review also examines recent advancements in microvascular and encapsulation self-healing mechanisms, explores the potential of supramolecular polymers, and highlights the latest progress in hybrid printing using polymer-metal and polymer-ceramic composites. Finally, this paper offers insights into potential challenges faced in the additive manufacturing of polymer composites and suggests avenues for future research in this dynamic and rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyaz Mahmood
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China;
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610054, China
- School of Art and Design, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou 511483, China
- Dongguan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Fouzia Perveen
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Shenggui Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China;
- School of Art and Design, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou 511483, China
- Dongguan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Tayyaba Akram
- Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Chen X, Peng Y, Wang K, Wang X, Liu Z, Huang Z, Zhang H. Study on High-Velocity Impact Perforation Performance of CFRP Laminates for Rail Vehicles: Experiment and Simulation. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:568. [PMID: 38132507 PMCID: PMC10742085 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the perforation performance of CFRP laminates for rail vehicles under high-velocity impact from foreign objects, impact tests on CFRP laminates at a velocity of 163 m/s were carried out, and a corresponding finite element model was established using ABAQUS and verified. The user-defined material subroutine combined the material strain rate hardening effect and the 3D-Hashin damage criterion. The effects of impact velocity, impact object shape, and oblique angle on the perforation performance of CFRP laminates are discussed. Results show that impact velocity positively correlates with impact peak force and residual velocity. Laminates can be perforated by projectiles with a velocity above 120 m/s, and impact velocity greatly influences delamination below 140 m/s. Three shapes of projectile impacting laminates are considered: spherical, cylindrical, and conical. The conical projectile penetrates the laminate most easily, with the largest delamination area. The cylindrical projectile with a flat end suffers the most resistance, and the delaminated area is between the impact conditions of the conical and spherical projectiles. Increasing the angle of inclination increases the impacted area of the laminate and the extent of damage, thus dissipating more energy. The projectile fails to penetrate the laminate when the oblique angle reaches 60°. CFRP composite structures penetrated by high-speed impacts pose a significant threat to the safety of train operations, providing an opportunity for the application of bio-inspired composite structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Zhixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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4
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Iwase K, Harunari Y, Teramoto M, Mori K. Crystal structure, microstructure, and mechanical properties of heat-treated oyster shells. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 147:106107. [PMID: 37690293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the crystal structure and mechanical properties of oyster shells subjected to heat treatment under increasing temperature conditions. The shell contained folia and chalky layers. The folia layer comprised two CaCO3 phases: 72.3% calcite and 27.7% aragonite. The lattice parameters of the calcite and aragonite present in the folia layer did not correspond to those of the synthesized sample. The anisotropic lattice expansion was observed in calcite and aragonite in the folia layer during heat-treatment. The chalky layer has also the anisotropic lattice expansion, but the expansion was disappeared at 573 K. The microhardness (HV value) of the folia layer decreased rapidly from 122 to 11 HV at temperatures 573-673 K owing to the phase transformation from aragonite to calcite in this temperature range. The microhardness of the chalky layer at RT was 125 HV, which decreased to 15 HV at 373 K. Crack propagation with increasing temperature was investigated using a micro-Vickers apparatus. In the folia layer, cracks were produced inside the prism, and they propagated along the lamellar structure. The cracks initiated and propagated along the organic biopolymer interlayers in a zigzag manner. No cracks were observed in the chalky layers of the heat-treated samples. The toughness of the chalky layer was superior to that of the folia layer. From our results, we can conclude that oyster shells comprise two types of materials with different mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Iwase
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan.
| | - Yoshihito Harunari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Masayuki Teramoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Mori
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan
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5
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Wysokowski M, Luu RK, Arevalo S, Khare E, Stachowiak W, Niemczak M, Jesionowski T, Buehler MJ. Untapped Potential of Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Synthesis of Bioinspired Inorganic-Organic Materials. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:7878-7903. [PMID: 37840775 PMCID: PMC10568971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in 2003, significant progress has been made in the field, specifically advancing aspects of their preparation and physicochemical characterization. Their low-cost and unique tailored properties are reasons for their growing importance as a sustainable medium for the resource-efficient processing and synthesis of advanced materials. In this paper, the significance of these designer solvents and their beneficial features, in particular with respect to biomimetic materials chemistry, is discussed. Finally, this article explores the unrealized potential and advantageous aspects of DESs, focusing on the development of biomineralization-inspired hybrid materials. It is anticipated that this article can stimulate new concepts and advances providing a reference for breaking down the multidisciplinary borders in the field of bioinspired materials chemistry, especially at the nexus of computation and experiment, and to develop a rigorous materials-by-design paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wysokowski
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60965 Poznan, Poland
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rachel K. Luu
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sofia Arevalo
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eesha Khare
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Witold Stachowiak
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Niemczak
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Markus J. Buehler
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Center
for Computational Science and Engineering, Schwarzman College of Computing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Lazarus BS, Leung V, Luu RK, Wong MT, Ruiz-Pérez S, Barbosa WT, Bezerra WBA, Barbosa JDV, Meyers MA. Jackfruit: Composition, structure, and progressive collapsibility in the largest fruit on the Earth for impact resistance. Acta Biomater 2023; 166:430-446. [PMID: 37121367 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The jackfruit is the largest fruit on the Earth, reaching upwards of 35 kg and falling from heights of 25 m. To survive such high energy impacts, it has evolved a unique layered configuration with a thorny exterior and porous tubular underlayer. During compression, these layers exhibit a progressive collapse mechanism where the tubules are first to deform, followed by the thorny exterior, and finally the mesocarp layer in between. The thorns are composed of lignified bundles which run longitudinally from the base of the thorn to the tip and are embedded in softer parenchymal cells, forming a fiber reinforced composite. The mesocarp contains more lignin than any of the other layers while the core appears to contain more pectin giving rise to variations in compressive and viscoelastic properties between the layers. The surface thorns provide a compelling impact-resistant feature for bioinspiration, with a cellular structure that can withstand large deformation without failing and wavy surface features which densify during compression without fracturing. Even the conical shape of the thorns is valuable, presenting a gradually increasing surface area during axial collapse. A simplified model of this mechanism is put forward to describe the force response of these features. The thorns also distribute damage laterally during impact and deflect cracks along their interstitial valleys. These phenomena were observed in 3D printed, jackfruit-inspired designs which performed markedly better than control prints with the same mass. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Many biological materials have evolved remarkable structures that enhance their mechanical performance and serve as sources of inspiration for engineers. Plants are often overlooked in this regard yet certain botanical components, like nuts and fruit, have shown incredible potential as blueprints for improved impact resistant designs. The jackfruit is the largest fruit on Earth and generates significant falling impact energies. Here, we explore the jackfruit's structure and its mechanical capabilities for the first time. The progressive failure imparted by its multilayered design and the unique collapse mode of the surface thorns are identified as key mechanisms for improving the fruit's impact resistance. 3D printing is used to show that these structure-property benefits can be successfully transferred to engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S Lazarus
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, USA.
| | - Victor Leung
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Rachel K Luu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Matthew T Wong
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Samuel Ruiz-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Willams T Barbosa
- Department of Materials, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Wendell B Almeida Bezerra
- Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering-IME, Rio de Janeiro 22290270, Brazil
| | | | - Marc A Meyers
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, USA
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7
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Liu Y, Lott M, Seyyedizadeh SF, Corvaglia I, Greco G, Dal Poggetto VF, Gliozzi AS, Mussat Sartor R, Nurra N, Vitale-Brovarone C, Pugno NM, Bosia F, Tortello M. Multiscale static and dynamic mechanical study of the Turritella terebra and Turritellinella tricarinata seashells. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20230321. [PMID: 37528678 PMCID: PMC10394405 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine shells are designed by nature to ensure mechanical protection from predators and shelter for molluscs living inside them. A large amount of work has been done to study the multiscale mechanical properties of their complex microstructure and to draw inspiration for the design of impact-resistant biomimetic materials. Less is known regarding the dynamic behaviour related to their structure at multiple scales. Here, we present a combined experimental and numerical study of the shells of two different species of gastropod sea snail belonging to the Turritellidae family, featuring a peculiar helicoconic shape with hierarchical spiral elements. The proposed procedure involves the use of micro-computed tomography scans for the accurate determination of geometry, atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation to evaluate local mechanical properties, surface morphology and heterogeneity, as well as resonant ultrasound spectroscopy coupled with finite element analysis simulations to determine global modal behaviour. Results indicate that the specific features of the considered shells, in particular their helicoconic and hierarchical structure, can also be linked to their vibration attenuation behaviour. Moreover, the proposed investigation method can be extended to the study of other natural systems, to determine their structure-related dynamic properties, ultimately aiding the design of bioinspired metamaterials and of structures with advanced vibration control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Liu
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - M. Lott
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - S. F. Seyyedizadeh
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - I. Corvaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - G. Greco
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
- Laboratory for Bioinspired, Bionic, Nano, Meta, Materials & Mechanics, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Meccanica, Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - V. F. Dal Poggetto
- Laboratory for Bioinspired, Bionic, Nano, Meta, Materials & Mechanics, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Meccanica, Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - A. S. Gliozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - R. Mussat Sartor
- Laboratory for Bioinspired, Bionic, Nano, Meta, Materials & Mechanics, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Meccanica, Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - N. Nurra
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi (DBIOS), Università degli Studi di Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - C. Vitale-Brovarone
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - N. M. Pugno
- Laboratory for Bioinspired, Bionic, Nano, Meta, Materials & Mechanics, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Meccanica, Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi (DBIOS), Università degli Studi di Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - F. Bosia
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - M. Tortello
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
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8
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Liu B, Xu X. Study on impact resistance of bionic interlocking brick-mud structures. COMPOSITE STRUCTURES 2023; 318:117103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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9
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Chen W, Gan L, Huang J. Design, Manufacturing and Functions of Pore-Structured Materials: From Biomimetics to Artificial. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020140. [PMID: 37092392 PMCID: PMC10123697 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous structures with light weight and high mechanical performance exist widely in the tissues of animals and plants. Biomimetic materials with those porous structures have been well-developed, and their highly specific surfaces can be further used in functional integration. However, most porous structures in those tissues can hardly be entirely duplicated, and their complex structure-performance relationship may still be not fully understood. The key challenges in promoting the applications of biomimetic porous materials are to figure out the essential factors in hierarchical porous structures and to develop matched preparation methods to control those factors precisely. Hence, this article reviews the existing methods to prepare biomimetic porous structures. Then, the well-proved effects of micropores, mesopores, and macropores on their various properties are introduced, including mechanical, electric, magnetic, thermotics, acoustic, and chemical properties. The advantages and disadvantages of hierarchical porous structures and their preparation methods are deeply evaluated. Focusing on those disadvantages and aiming to improve the performance and functions, we summarize several modification strategies and discuss the possibility of replacing biomimetic porous structures with meta-structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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10
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Xie S, Yang S, Yan H, Li Z. Sound absorption performance of a conch-imitating cavity structure. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221075167. [PMID: 35102795 PMCID: PMC10450301 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221075167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
At present, in order to solve noise pollution, many experts are studying methods to improve the noise reduction performance of sound barriers and acoustic devices. However,the development of sound-absorbing structures under external noise environments with multiple frequencies has not made significant progress.To improve the sound absorption performance (SAP) and sound insulation performance (SIP) of structures, a novel cavity-imitating sound-absorbing structure model was established based on the multi-cavity resonance structure of conches. By performing experiments with an impedance tube and finite element simulation, the internal design of, and experimental results from a conch-imitating cavity structure (CICS) were analysed. In addition, a variety of structural parameters were investigated and the application of the sound absorber was analyzed. The analytical results showed that the CICS exhibits excellent SAP at low and intermediate frequencies. The peak frequency and sound absorption bandwidth can be changed and optimised by adjusting the structural parameters. The results show that the structure can effectively improve the sound absorption and insulation performance of the sound barrier to achieve the purpose of improving the acoustic performance, and proposes a new solution for the realisation of sound absorption and noise reduction in a multi-noise environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track, Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Changsha, 410075, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle, Changsha, 410075, China
| | - Shichen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track, Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Changsha, 410075, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle, Changsha, 410075, China
| | - Hongyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track, Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Changsha, 410075, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle, Changsha, 410075, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track, Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Changsha, 410075, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle, Changsha, 410075, China
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11
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Enhanced compressive strengths and induced cell growth of 1-3-type BaTiO 3/PMMA bio-piezoelectric composites. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111699. [PMID: 33545858 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Barium titanate (BaTiO3) has been used as a bone implant material because of its piezoelectric properties and the ability to promote cell growth when combined with hydroxyapatite. However, the brittleness of BaTiO3 inhibits its use as a bone replacement material at load-bearing sites, and the reduction of BaTiO3 content in the composite reduces its piezoelectric effect on bone growth. In this study, we explored a preparation method, which included directional freeze casting and self-solidification of bone cement, to obtain 1-3-type BaTiO3/PMMA bio-piezoelectric composites with a lamellar structure. The lamellar BaTiO3 layer through the composite from the bottom to the top significantly improved the piezoelectric properties of the composite. In addition, the dendritic ceramic bridges on the BaTiO3 pore walls can improve the compressive strength and elastic modulus of BaTiO3/PMMA bio-piezoelectric composites with a lamellar structure. More importantly, it was found that polarized lamellar BaTiO3 could induce osteoblasts to grow in the direction of the BaTiO3 layers. When the width of the BaTiO3 layer was in the range of 8-21 μm, osteoblasts along the BaTiO3 layer showed well growth, which can be of great value for the production of biomimetic bone units.
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Natural arrangement of fiber-like aragonites and its impact on mechanical behavior of mollusk shells: A review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103940. [PMID: 32957234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During billions of years of evolution, creatures in nature have possessed nearly perfect structures and functions for survival. Multiscale structures in biological materials over several length scales play a pivotal role in achieving structural and functional integrity. Fiber, as a common principal structural element in nature, can be easily constructed in different ways, thus resulting in various natural structures. In this review, we summarized the decades of investigations on a typical biological structure constructed by fiber aragonites in mollusk shells. Crossed-lamellar structure, as one of the most widespread structures in mollusk shells, reconciles the strength-toughness trade-off dilemma successfully due to the presence of highly-hierarchical architectures. This distinctive structure includes several orders of sub-lamellae, and the different order lamellae present a cross-ply feature in one macro crossed-lamellar layer. When a mollusk shell has more than one macro-layer, the crossed-lamellar structure exhibits various forms of architectures including 0°/90°, 0°/90°/0° typical-sandwich, 15°/75°/0° quasi-sandwich, and 0°/90°/0°/90° arranged modes. The fracture resistance and the relevant toughening mechanisms are directly related to the highly-hierarchical crossed-lamellar structures on different length scales. This article is aimed to review the different arranged modes of crossed-lamellar structures existing in nature, with special attention to their impact on the mechanical behavior and salient toughening mechanisms over several length scales, for seeking the design guidelines for the fabrication of bio-inspired advanced engineering materials that are adaptive to different loading conditions.
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Ha NS, Lu G, Shu D, Yu TX. Mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics of tropical fruit durian (Durio zibethinus). J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 104:103603. [PMID: 31929094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents for the first time the material properties and energy absorption capacity of durian shells with an attempt to use as an alternative sustainable material and mimic their structural characteristics to design a bio-inspired structure for protective packaging applications. A series of quasi-static compression tests were carried out to determine Young's modulus and bioyield stress of the durian shells as well as their energy absorption capacity. The mesocarp layers and thorns are interesting parts for investigating their energy absorption characteristics because they play an important role in protecting the flesh of durians during their drop impact onto the ground. The mesocarp layers of the shell were subjected to axial and lateral compression while the thorn specimens were compressed under axial loading with an increasing number of thorns. The results showed that the densification strain, plateau stress and specific energy absorption of the mesocarp layer under lateral loading is higher than that under axial loading. Furthermore, the compression tests on the thorns demonstrated that an increase in the number of thorns helped to absorb more energy and the specific energy absorption of the thorns was nearly two times higher than that of the mesocarp layer under the axial loading. In addition, the cyclic loading of the thorns showed that the extent of reversibility of deformation in the thorns decreases from 32% at the first cycle to around 10% at the 9th-cycle. Finally, the microstructure of the thorn and mesocarp layer was investigated to explain the experimental observation. The results indicated that the spherical shape associated with the thorns and mesocarp materials displayed an excellent energy absorption efficiency that can be mimicked to design an effective bio-inspired absorber for packing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc San Ha
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Guoxing Lu
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
| | - DongWei Shu
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - T X Yu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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