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Esfandiarpour R, Badalkhani-Khamseh F, Hadipour NL. Theoretical studies of phosphorene as a drug delivery nanocarrier for fluorouracil. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18058-18069. [PMID: 37323453 PMCID: PMC10267674 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between phosphorene nanosheets (PNSs) and 5-fluorouracil (FLU) were explored using the density functional theory (DFT) method and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. DFT calculations were performed utilizing M06-2X functional and the 6-31G(d,p) basis set in both gas and solvent phases. Results showed that the FLU molecule is adsorbed horizontally on the PNS surface with an adsorption energy (Eads) of -18.64 kcal mol-1. The energy gap (Eg) between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO, respectively) of PNS remains constant after the adsorption process. The adsorption behavior of PNS is not affected by carbon and nitrogen doping. The dynamical behavior of PNS-FLU was studied at T = 298, 310, and 326 K reminiscent of room temperature, body temperature, and temperature of the tumor after exposure to 808 nm laser radiation, respectively. The D value decreases significantly after the equilibration of all systems so that the equilibrated value of D is about 1.1 × 10-6, 4.0 × 10-8, and 5.0 × 10-9 cm2 s-1 at T = 298, 310, and 326 K, respectively. About 60 FLU molecules can be adsorbed on both sides of each PNS, indicating its high loading capacity. PMF calculations demonstrated that the release of FLU from PNS is not spontaneous, which is favorable from a sustained drug delivery point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Esfandiarpour
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | | | - Nasser L Hadipour
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
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2
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Mogharbel AT, Hameed A, Sayqal AA, Katouah HA, Al-Qahtani SD, Saad FA, El-Metwaly NM. Preparation of carbon dots-embedded fluorescent carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel for anticounterfeiting applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124028. [PMID: 36924871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent inks have been emerged as a desirable encoding technique to enhance anticounterfeiting printing of commercial goods. However, significant drawbacks with fluorescent inks, such as poor durability, low efficiency, and high cost. Herein, we describe the preparation of a self-healing authentication ink based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrogel immobilized with nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCD) nanoparticles (NPs) for cutting-edge anticounterfeiting applications. Security inks that self-heal are very durable. Under ambient conditions, the prepared NCD@CMC hydrogel could self-heal with a high healing efficiency. It might stick to diverse surfaces such as plastic, glass and paper sheets. The self-healing composite ink demonstrated outstanding photostability under UV light. Straightforward and environmentally friendly method was applied on the agricultural waste of rice straw toward the production of NCD using hydrothermal carbonization in an aqueous medium, and in the presence of NH4OH as an inexpensive passivating agent. The quantum yield (QY) for NCD reached 24.09 %. Various concentrations of NCD NPs were employed to produce self-healable nanocomposite inks with a variety of emission properties. Stamping homogeneous films onto paper surfaces produced a transparent layer. The CIE Lab and emission spectra of prints independently verified the capability of NCD nanocomposite inks to vary their color to blue under UV illumination. To measure the particle diameter of the prepared NCD, their morphological characteristics were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to indicate diameters of 10-25 nm. Utilizing various analytical techniques, the morphology and chemical composition of the fluorescent prints were examined. We examined the mechanical qualities of the stamped papers as well as the rheological characteristics of the ink hydrogel. Due to their colorless appearance, the excitation band of the printed films was peaked at 364 nm, while their emission was peaked at 465 nm. The current smart ink holds high potential for numerous applications like smart packaging and authentication, and shows great promise as a practical and mass production approach for easily creating anticounterfeiting stamps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal T Mogharbel
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tabuk, 71474 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Sayqal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanadi A Katouah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salhah D Al-Qahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz A Saad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa M El-Metwaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Xiao X, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Li B, Gu L. Photoluminescence and Fluorescence Quenching of Graphene Oxide: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142444. [PMID: 35889668 PMCID: PMC9319665 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, photoluminescence (PL) material with excellent optical properties has been a hot topic. Graphene oxide (GO) is an excellent candidate for PL material because of its unique optical properties, compared to pure graphene. The existence of an internal band gap in GO can enrich its optical properties significantly. Therefore, GO has been widely applied in many fields such as material science, biomedicine, anti-counterfeiting, and so on. Over the past decade, GO and quantum dots (GOQDs) have attracted the attention of many researchers as luminescence materials, but their luminescence mechanism is still ambiguous, although some theoretical results have been achieved. In addition, GO and GOQDs have fluorescence quenching properties, which can be used in medical imaging and biosensors. In this review, we outline the recent work on the photoluminescence phenomena and quenching process of GO and GOQDs. First, the PL mechanisms of GO are discussed in depth. Second, the fluorescence quenching mechanism and regulation of GO are introduced. Following that, the applications of PL and fluorescence quenching of GO-including biomedicine, electronic devices, material imaging-are addressed. Finally, future development of PL and fluorescence quenching of GO is proposed, and the challenges exploring the optical properties of GO are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bin Li
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lin Gu
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (L.G.)
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Sahoo N, Tatrari G, Tewari C, Karakoti M, Bohra BS, Danadapat A. Vanadium pentaoxide-doped waste plastic-derived graphene nanocomposite for supercapacitors: a comparative electrochemical study of low and high metal oxide doping. RSC Adv 2022; 12:5118-5134. [PMID: 35425562 PMCID: PMC8981442 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07458j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the bulk phase synthesis of graphene sheets using waste plastic (WP) as a precursor following a modified pyrolysis approach. Furthermore, the low and high mass loading of vanadium pentaoxide was performed on graphene sheets in 1 : 10 and 1 : 1 ratios, respectively. Advanced characterization techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis, and SEM imaging were used to confirm the synthesis of graphene. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed that the resonating structure affects the bond strength in the composite, which enables peak shifting in the FT-IR spectrum of the composite. Furthermore, bandgap analysis has been performed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the synthesis of the composites. The developed vanadium-doped graphene was used as the active material for the fabrication of supercapacitor electrodes. The electrochemical performance of these devices was evaluated in 1 M H3PO4 solution using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanic charge-discharge (GCD) analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Fabricated cells 1 and 2 showed exceptional specific capacitances of 139.7 F g-1 and 51.2 F g-1 at 5 mV s-1 scan rate, respectively. Cell 1 showed a huge power density of 5312 W kg-1 and an energy density of 19.7 W h kg-1. Conversely, cell 2 showed a comparatively lower power density of 1941 W kg-1 and an energy density of 7.2 W h kg-1 at a 5 mV s-1 scan rate. Moreover, we disclose some brief conclusions on the performance, mechanism, and required modifications that can improve the performance of such devices. This approach can surely help with universal WP problems as well as the development of high-performance supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirvik Sahoo
- PRSNSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital Uttarakhand-263002 India
| | - Gaurav Tatrari
- PRSNSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital Uttarakhand-263002 India
| | - Chetna Tewari
- PRSNSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital Uttarakhand-263002 India
| | - Manoj Karakoti
- PRSNSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital Uttarakhand-263002 India
| | - Bhashkar Singh Bohra
- PRSNSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital Uttarakhand-263002 India
| | - Anirban Danadapat
- PRSNSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital Uttarakhand-263002 India
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5
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Green and cost-effective synthesis of 2D and 3D Graphene-based nanomaterials from Drepanostachyum falcatum for Bio-imaging and Water purification applications. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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6
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Joshi DJ, Koduru JR, Malek NI, Hussain CM, Kailasa SK. Surface modifications and analytical applications of graphene oxide: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Gosai A, Khondakar KR, Ma X, Ali MA. Application of Functionalized Graphene Oxide Based Biosensors for Health Monitoring: Simple Graphene Derivatives to 3D Printed Platforms. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:384. [PMID: 34677340 PMCID: PMC8533804 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors hold great potential for revolutionizing personalized medicine and environmental monitoring. Their construction is the key factor which depends on either manufacturing techniques or robust sensing materials to improve efficacy of the device. Functional graphene is an attractive choice for transducing material due to its various advantages in interfacing with biorecognition elements. Graphene and its derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO) are thus being used extensively for biosensors for monitoring of diseases. In addition, graphene can be patterned to a variety of structures and is incorporated into biosensor devices such as microfluidic devices and electrochemical and plasmonic sensors. Among biosensing materials, GO is gaining much attention due to its easy synthesis process and patternable features, high functionality, and high electron transfer properties with a large surface area leading to sensitive point-of-use applications. Considering demand and recent challenges, this perspective review is an attempt to describe state-of-the-art biosensors based on functional graphene. Special emphasis is given to elucidating the mechanism of sensing while discussing different applications. Further, we describe the future prospects of functional GO-based biosensors for health care and environmental monitoring with a focus on additive manufacturing such as 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnivo Gosai
- Corning Inc., Science & Technology, Painted Post, NY 14870, USA;
| | - Kamil Reza Khondakar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Md. Azahar Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15235, USA
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Tang W, Wang H, Yang Q, Liu F, Dessie W, Luo X, Peng C, Zhang S, Shi K, Sun W, Qin Z, Gu X. An efficient and eco‐friendly route to prepare graphene nanosheet and its effect on the flammability of polypropylene composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wufei Tang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Qian Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Fang Liu
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Wubliker Dessie
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Xiaofang Luo
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Cun Peng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Keren Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Wenxiang Sun
- CETHIL UMR5008, Univ Lyon, CNRS, INSA‐Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne France
| | - Zuodong Qin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
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Karki N, Tiwari H, Tewari C, Rana A, Pandey N, Basak S, Sahoo NG. Functionalized graphene oxide as a vehicle for targeted drug delivery and bioimaging applications. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:8116-8148. [PMID: 32966535 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted tremendous attention as a most promising nanomaterial among the carbon family since it emerged as a polynomial functional tool with rational applications in diverse fields such as biomedical engineering, electrocatalysis, biosensing, energy conversion, and storage devices. Despite having certain limitations due to its irreversible aggregation performance owing largely to the strong van der Waals interactions, efforts have been made to smartly engineer its surface chemistry for realistic multimodal applications. The use of such GO-based engineered devices has increased rapidly in the last few years, principally due to its excellent properties, such as huge surface area, honeycomb-like structure allowing vacant interstitial space to accommodate compounds, sp2 hybridized carbon, improved biocompatibility and cell surface penetration due to electronic interactions. Amongst multifaceted GO dynamics, in this review, attempts are made to discuss the advanced applications of GO or graphene-based materials (GBNs) in the biomedical field involving drug or therapeutic gene delivery, dual drug or drug-gene combination targeting, special delivery of drug cocktails to the brain, stimuli-responsive release of molecular payloads, and Janus-structured smart applications for polar-nonpolar combination drug loading followed by targeting together with smart bioimaging approaches. In addition, the advantages of duel-drug delivery systems are discussed in detail. We also discuss various electronic mechanisms, and detailed surface engineering to meet microcosmic criteria for its utilization, various novel implementations of engineered GO as mentioned above, together with discussions of its inevitable toxicity or disadvantages. We hope that the target audience, belonging to biomedical engineering, pharmaceutical or material science fields, may acquire relevant information from this review which may help them design future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Karki
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Himani Tiwari
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Chetna Tewari
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Anita Rana
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Neema Pandey
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Souvik Basak
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal 713206, India
| | - Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
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Tatrari G, Tewari C, Karakoti M, Pathak M, Jangra R, Santhibhushan B, Mahendia S, Sahoo NG. Mass production of metal-doped graphene from the agriculture waste of Quercus ilex leaves for supercapacitors: inclusive DFT study. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10891-10901. [PMID: 35423565 PMCID: PMC8695820 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09393a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports a facile, eco-friendly, and cost-effective mass-scale synthesis of metal-doped graphene sheets (MDGs) using agriculture waste of Quercus ilex leaves for supercapacitor applications. A single step-degradation catalyst-based pyrolysis route was used for the manufacture of MDGs. Obtained MDGs were further evaluated via advanced spectroscopy and microscopic techniques including Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM/EDX, and TEM imaging. The Raman spectrum showed D and G bands at 1300 cm-1 and 1590 cm-1, respectively, followed by a 2D band at 2770 cm-1, which confirmed the synthesis of few-layered MDGs. The SEM/EDX data confirmed the presence of 6.15%, 3.17%, and 2.36% of potassium, calcium and magnesium in the obtained MDGs, respectively. Additionally, the FT-IR, XRD, TEM, and SEM data including the plot profile diagrams confirmed the synthesis of MDGs. Further, a computational study was performed for the structural validation of MDGs using Gaussian 09. The density functional theory (DFT) results showed a chemisorption/decoration pattern of doping for metal ions on the few-layered graphene nanosheets, rather than a substitutional pattern. Further, resulting MDGs were used as an active material for the fabrication of a supercapacitor electrode using the polymer gel of PVA-H3PO4 as the electrolyte. The fabricated device showed a decent specific capacitance of 18.2 F g-1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s-1 with a power density of 1000 W kg-1 at 5 A g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Tatrari
- PRS-NSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital 263001 Uttarakhand India
| | - Chetna Tewari
- PRS-NSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital 263001 Uttarakhand India
| | - Manoj Karakoti
- PRS-NSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital 263001 Uttarakhand India
| | - Mayank Pathak
- PRS-NSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital 263001 Uttarakhand India
| | - Ritu Jangra
- Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra India
| | - Boddepalli Santhibhushan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 400076 Maharashtra India
| | - Suman Mahendia
- Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra India
| | - Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- PRS-NSNT Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University Nainital 263001 Uttarakhand India
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Reduced graphene oxide-grafted bovine serum albumin/bredigite nanocomposites with high mechanical properties and excellent osteogenic bioactivity for bone tissue engineering. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-020-00113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Karakoti M, Jangra R, Pandey S, Dhapola PS, Dhali S, Mahendia S, Singh PK, Sahoo NG. Binder-free reduced graphene oxide as electrode material for efficient supercapacitor with aqueous and polymer electrolytes. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008320905659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The demand for energy and energy storage devices is the urgent need of our society due to heavy dependence on electric appliances. Hence, the demand of graphene-like smart materials has grown tremendously in the past years. Herein, we investigated the binder-free graphene allies named reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as electrode materials for the supercapacitor after the reduction of graphene oxide by sinking and leaving process. The rGO-based devices show the areal specific capacitance of 80.2 and 7.89 mF cm−2 with aqueous 1M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and poly (vinyl alcohol)-H3PO4 polymer gel electrolytes, respectively, over the graphite sheet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Karakoti
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Ritu Jangra
- Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Sandeep Pandey
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Pawan Singh Dhapola
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
- Material Research Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Dhali
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Suman Mahendia
- Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Pramod K Singh
- Material Research Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
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