Sonication-assisted Layer-by-Layer self-assembly nanoparticles for resveratrol delivery

Recent advances in nanodelivery systems of resveratrol and their biomedical and food applications: a review

Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound with numerous functional properties, such as anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-obesity and more. However, resveratrol's poor solubility within aqueous media and low stability usually lead to compromised bioavailability, ultimately limiting its uptake and applications. Nanodelivery technologies have been studied intensively due to their potential in effectively improving resveratrol properties, thereby providing promising solutions for enhancing the bioavailability of resveratrol. Thus, this article aimed to review the recent advances of resveratrol nanodelivery systems, specifically on the types of nanodelivery systems, the corresponding preparation principles, advantages, as well as potential limitations associated. Meanwhile, studies have also found that coupled with nanodelivery systems, the functional properties of resveratrol could trigger apoptosis in cancer cells and inflammatory cells through various signaling pathways. Therefore, this article will also lead into discussions on the application aspects of resveratrol nanodelivery systems, emphasizing toward the fields of biomedical and food sciences. Potential pitfalls of resveratrol nanodelivery systems, such as issues with toxicity and target release, as well as outlooks regarding resveratrol nanodelivery systems are included in the Conclusion section, in the hope to provide insights for relevant future research.

Physicochemical Features and Applicability of Newly Fabricated Phytopharmaceutical-Loaded Hydrogel Alginate Microcarriers with Viscoelastic Polyelectrolyte Coatings

The design of novel polymeric carrier systems with functional coatings is of great interest for delivering various bioactive molecules. Microcapsules coated with polyelectrolyte (PE) films provide additional functionality and fine-tuning advantages essential for controlled drug release. We developed hydrogel microcarriers coated with functional PE films with encapsulated substances of natural origin, resveratrol (RES), curcumin (CUR), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which have cytotoxic and chemopreventive properties. Alginate (ALG) based microparticles were loaded with phytopharmaceuticals using the emulsification method, and then their surface was modified with PE coatings, such as chitosan (CHIT) or poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). The morphology and mean diameter of microcarriers were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, encapsulation efficiency was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, whereas the physicochemical properties of functional PE layers were studied using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and streaming potential measurements. The release profiles of active compounds from the hydrogel microparticles were described using the Peppas-Sahlin model. The cytotoxic effect of designed delivery systems was studied by evaluating their impact on the proliferation, mitochondrial metabolic function, and lipid peroxidation level of 5637 human bladder cancer cells. The present work demonstrates that the physicochemical and biological features of fabricated microcarriers can be controlled by the type of encapsulated anti-cancer agent and PE coating.

Further Improvement Based on Traditional Nanocapsule Preparation Methods: A Review

Nanocapsule preparation technology, as an emerging technology with great development prospects, has uniqueness and superiority in various industries. In this paper, the preparation technology of nanocapsules was systematically divided into three categories: physical methods, chemical methods, and physicochemical methods. The technological innovation of different methods in recent years was reviewed, and the mechanisms of nanocapsules prepared via emulsion polymerization, interface polymerization, layer-by-layer self-assembly technology, nanoprecipitation, supercritical fluid, and nano spray drying was summarized in detail. Different from previous reviews, the renewal iteration of core-shell structural materials was highlighted, and relevant illustrations of their representative and latest research results were reviewed. With the continuous progress of nanocapsule technology, especially the continuous development of new wall materials and catalysts, new preparation technology, and new production equipment, nanocapsule technology will be used more widely in medicine, food, cosmetics, pesticides, petroleum products, and many other fields.

Organic and Biogenic Nanocarriers as Bio-Friendly Systems for Bioactive Compounds' Delivery: State-of-the Art and Challenges

"Green" strategies to build up novel organic nanocarriers with bioperformance are modern trends in nanotechnology. In this way, the valorization of bio-wastes and the use of living systems to develop multifunctional organic and biogenic nanocarriers (OBNs) have revolutionized the nanotechnological and biomedical fields. This paper is a comprehensive review related to OBNs for bioactives' delivery, providing an overview of the reports on the past two decades. In the first part, several classes of bioactive compounds and their therapeutic role are briefly presented. A broad section is dedicated to the main categories of organic and biogenic nanocarriers. The major challenges regarding the eco-design and the fate of OBNs are suggested to overcome some toxicity-related drawbacks. Future directions and opportunities, and finding "green" solutions for solving the problems related to nanocarriers, are outlined in the final of this paper. We believe that through this review, we will capture the attention of the readers and will open new perspectives for new solutions/ideas for the discovery of more efficient and "green" ways in developing novel bioperformant nanocarriers for transporting bioactive agents.

Surface-anchored microbial enzyme-responsive solid lipid nanoparticles enabling colonic budesonide release for ulcerative colitis treatment

Colon-targeted oral drug delivery systems (CDDSs) are desirable for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), which is a disease with high relapse and remission rates associated with immune system inflammation and dysregulation localized within the lining of the large bowel. However, the success of current available approaches used for colon-targeted therapy is limited. Budesonide (BUD) is a corticosteroid drug, and its rectal and oral formulations are used to treat UC, but the inconvenience of rectal administration and the systemic toxicity of oral administration restrict its long-term use. In this study, we designed and prepared colon-targeted solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) encapsulating BUD to treat UC by oral administration. A negatively charged surfactant (NaCS-C12) was synthesized to anchor cellulase-responsive layers consisting of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed by negatively charged NaCS and cationic chitosan onto the SLNs. The release rate and colon-specific release behavior of BUD could be easily modified by regulating the number of coated layers. We found that the two-layer BUD-loaded SLNs (SLN-BUD-2L) with a nanoscale particle size and negative zeta potential showed the designed colon-specific drug release profile in response to localized high cellulase activity. In addition, SLN-BUD-2L exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory activity in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, suggesting its potential anti-UC applications.

Recent advances in chitosan-based layer-by-layer biomaterials and their biomedical applications

In recent years, chitosan-based biomaterials have been continually and extensively researched by using layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly, due to their potentials in biomedicine. Various chitosan-based LBL materials have been newly developed and applied in different areas along with the development of technologies. This work reviews the recent advances of chitosan-based biomaterials produced by LBL assembly. Driving forces of LBL, for example electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bond as well as Schiff base linkage have been discussed. Various forms of chitosan-based LBL materials such as films/coatings, capsules and fibers have been reviewed. The applications of these biomaterials in the field of antimicrobial applications, drug delivery, wound dressings and tissue engineering have been comprehensively reviewed.