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Shearer A, Molinaro M, Montazerian M, Sly JJ, Miola M, Baino F, Mauro JC. The unexplored role of alkali and alkaline earth elements (ALAEs) on the structure, processing, and biological effects of bioactive glasses. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2521-2560. [PMID: 38530228 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01338c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive glass has been employed in several medical applications since its inception in 1969. The compositions of these materials have been investigated extensively with emphasis on glass network formers, therapeutic transition metals, and glass network modifiers. Through these experiments, several commercial and experimental compositions have been developed with varying chemical durability, induced physiological responses, and hydroxyapatite forming abilities. In many of these studies, the concentrations of each alkali and alkaline earth element have been altered to monitor changes in structure and biological response. This review aims to discuss the impact of each alkali and alkaline earth element on the structure, processing, and biological effects of bioactive glass. We explore critical questions regarding these elements from both a glass science and biological perspective. Should elements with little biological impact be included? Are alkali free bioactive glasses more promising for greater biological responses? Does this mixed alkali effect show increased degradation rates and should it be employed for optimized dissolution? Each of these questions along with others are evaluated comprehensively and discussed in the final section where guidance for compositional design is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Shearer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Matthew Molinaro
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maziar Montazerian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Jessica J Sly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Marta Miola
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - John C Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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2
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Jiménez-Holguín J, Lozano D, Saiz-Pardo M, de Pablo D, Ortega L, Enciso S, Fernández-Tomé B, Díaz-Güemes I, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Portolés MT, Arcos D. Osteogenic-angiogenic coupled response of cobalt-containing mesoporous bioactive glasses in vivo. Acta Biomater 2024; 176:445-457. [PMID: 38190928 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of cobalt ions into the composition of bioactive glasses has emerged as a strategy of interest for bone regeneration purposes. In the present work, we have designed a set of bioactive mesoporous glasses SiO2-CaO-P2O5-CoO (Co-MBGs) with different amounts of cobalt. The physicochemical changes introduced by the Co2+ ion, the in vitro effects of Co-MBGs on preosteoblasts and endothelial cells and their in vivo behaviour using them as bone grafts in a sheep model were studied. The results show that Co2+ ions neither destroy mesoporous ordering nor inhibit in vitro bioactive behaviour, exerting a dual role as network former and modifier for CoO concentrations above 3 % mol. On the other hand, the activity of Co-MBGs on MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts and HUVEC vascular endothelial cells is dependent on the concentration of CoO present in the glass. For low Co-MBGs concentrations (1mg/ml) cell viability is not affected, while the expression of osteogenic (ALP, RUNX2 and OC) and angiogenic (VEGF) genes is stimulated. For Co-MBGs concentration of 5 mg/ml, cell viability decreases as a function of the CoO content. In vivo studies show that the incorporation of Co2+ ions to the MBGs improves the bone regeneration activity of these materials, despite the deleterious effect that this ion has on bone-forming cells for any of the Co-MBG compositions studied. This contradictory effect is explained by the marked increase in angiogenesis that takes place inside the bone defect, leading to an angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling that compensates for the partial decrease in osteoblast cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The development of new bone grafts implies to address the need for osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling that allows bone regeneration with viable tissue in the long term. In this sense the incorporation of cobalt ions into the composition of bioactive glasses has emerged as a strategy of great interest in this field. Due to the potential cytotoxic effect of cobalt ions, there is an important controversy regarding the suitability of their incorporation in bone grafts. In this work, we address this controversy after the implantation of cobalt-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses in a sheep model. The incorporation of cobalt ions in bioactive glasses improves the bone regeneration ability of these bone grafts, due to enhancement of the angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jiménez-Holguín
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - D Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Saiz-Pardo
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - D de Pablo
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - L Ortega
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - S Enciso
- Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, NANBIOSIS, Cáceres, Spain
| | - B Fernández-Tomé
- Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, NANBIOSIS, Cáceres, Spain
| | - I Díaz-Güemes
- Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, NANBIOSIS, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - M T Portolés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - D Arcos
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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3
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Baino F, Montazerian M, Verné E. Cobalt-Doped Bioactive Glasses for Biomedical Applications: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4994. [PMID: 37512268 PMCID: PMC10382018 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Improving angiogenesis is the key to the success of most regenerative medicine approaches. However, how and to which extent this may be performed is still a challenge. In this regard, cobalt (Co)-doped bioactive glasses show promise being able to combine the traditional bioactivity of these materials (especially bone-bonding and osteo-stimulatory properties) with the pro-angiogenic effect associated with the release of cobalt. Although the use and local delivery of Co2+ ions into the body have raised some concerns about the possible toxic effects on living cells and tissues, important biological improvements have been highlighted both in vitro and in vivo. This review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of Co-releasing glasses, which find biomedical applications as various products, including micro- and nanoparticles, composites in combination with biocompatible polymers, fibers and porous scaffolds. Therapeutic applications in the field of bone repair, wound healing and cancer treatment are discussed in the light of existing experimental evidence along with the open issues ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Maziar Montazerian
- Northeastern Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterial (CERTBIO), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA 16801, USA
| | - Enrica Verné
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Solanki AK, Autefage H, Rodriguez AR, Agarwal S, Penide J, Mahat M, Whittaker T, Nommeots-Nomm A, Littmann E, Payne DJ, Metcalfe AD, Quintero F, Pou J, Stevens MM, Jones JR. Cobalt containing glass fibres and their synergistic effect on the HIF-1 pathway for wound healing applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1125060. [PMID: 36970616 PMCID: PMC10036384 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1125060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Methods: Chronic wounds are a major healthcare problem, but their healing may be improved by developing biomaterials which can stimulate angiogenesis, e.g. by activating the Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) pathway. Here, novel glass fibres were produced by laser spinning. The hypothesis was that silicate glass fibres that deliver cobalt ions will activate the HIF pathway and promote the expression of angiogenic genes. The glass composition was designed to biodegrade and release ions, but not form a hydroxyapatite layer in body fluid.Results and Discussion: Dissolution studies demonstrated that hydroxyapatite did not form. When keratinocyte cells were exposed to conditioned media from the cobalt-containing glass fibres, significantly higher amounts of HIF-1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) were measured compared to when the cells were exposed to media with equivalent amounts of cobalt chloride. This was attributed to a synergistic effect of the combination of cobalt and other therapeutic ions released from the glass. The effect was also much greater than the sum of HIF-1α and VEGF expression when the cells were cultured with cobalt ions and with dissolution products from the Co-free glass, and was proven to not be due to a rise in pH. The ability of the glass fibres to activate the HIF-1 pathway and promote VEGF expression shows the potential for their use in chronic wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu K. Solanki
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hélène Autefage
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shweta Agarwal
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquin Penide
- Dpto. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad de Vigo, E.I. Industrial, Vigo, Spain
| | - Muzamir Mahat
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Thomas Whittaker
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Nommeots-Nomm
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Littmann
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Payne
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D. Metcalfe
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Quintero
- Dpto. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad de Vigo, E.I. Industrial, Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Pou
- Dpto. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad de Vigo, E.I. Industrial, Vigo, Spain
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian R. Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Julian R. Jones,
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Fascia Layer-A Novel Target for the Application of Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032936. [PMID: 36769257 PMCID: PMC9917695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As the first barrier of the human body, the skin has been of great concern for its wound healing and regeneration. The healing of large, refractory wounds is difficult to be repaired by cell proliferation at the wound edges and usually requires manual intervention for treatment. Therefore, therapeutic tools such as stem cells, biomaterials, and cytokines have been applied to the treatment of skin wounds. Skin microenvironment modulation is a key technology to promote wound repair and skin regeneration. In recent years, a series of novel bioactive materials that modulate the microenvironment and cell behavior have been developed, showing the ability to efficiently facilitate wound repair and skin attachment regeneration. Meanwhile, our lab found that the fascial layer has an indispensable role in wound healing and repair, and this review summarizes the research progress of related bioactive materials and their role in wound healing.
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Pazarçeviren AE, Evis Z, Dikmen T, Altunbaş K, Yaprakçı MV, Keskin D, Tezcaner A. Alginate/gelatin/boron-doped hydroxyapatite-coated Ti implants: in vitro and in vivo evaluation of osseointegration. Biodes Manuf 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Mabrouk M, Beherei HH, Tanaka Y, Tanaka M. Sol-gel silicate glass doped with silver for bone regeneration: Antibacterial activity, intermediate water, and cell death mode. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 138:212965. [PMID: 35913231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hydration state of bioactive glass materials and its relationship with their biocompatibility have been receiving attention. In this research, silver-containing bioactive glasses (BGAgs) (Ag contents of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0% in the glass system) were developed using the sol-gel method. Their physicochemical properties, size, morphology, and surface area were characterized by conducting X-rays diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyses. The surface charges of the developed BGAgs were evaluated using the Nano Zetasizer. Moreover, the antibacterial activities and intermediate water (IW) contents of hydrated BGAgs were determined. Finally, BGAgs disks were tested against osteosarcoma (MG63) cell line to evaluate their death modes. The physicochemical characteristics of the BGAgs revealed no modifications after Ag doping. In comparison, relative changes were recorded in the particle size (20-33 to 16-29 nm), surface area (4.3 to 3.7 m2/g), and particle charge (-24 to -14.6 mV). Doping the current glass system with silver produced impressive amounts of IW, consistent with recorded proliferation rates of the cells when treated with BGAgs. The determined hydration states correlated with other findings in this research might be helpful in predicting and assessing the biological behaviors of BGAgs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Mabrouk
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building materials Department, National Research Centre, 33El Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hanan H Beherei
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building materials Department, National Research Centre, 33El Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yukiko Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
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8
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Decker S, Arango-Ospina M, Rehder F, Moghaddam A, Simon R, Merle C, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. In vitro and in ovo impact of the ionic dissolution products of boron-doped bioactive silicate glasses on cell viability, osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8510. [PMID: 35595847 PMCID: PMC9122978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the pivotal role of angiogenesis in bone regeneration, the angiogenic properties of biomaterials are of high importance since they directly correlate with the biomaterials’ osteogenic potential via ‘angiogenic-osteogenic coupling’ mechanisms. The impact of bioactive glasses (BGs) on vascularization can be tailored by incorporation of biologically active ions such as boron (B). Based on the ICIE16-BG composition (in mol%: 49.5 SiO2, 36.3 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.1 P2O5, 6.6 K2O), three B-doped BGs have been developed (compositions in mol%: 46.5/45.5/41.5 SiO2, 36.3 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.1 P2O5, 6.6 K2O, 3/4/8 B2O3). The influence of B-doping on the viability, cellular osteogenic differentiation and expression of osteogenic and angiogenic marker genes of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) was analyzed by cultivating BMSCs in presence of the BGs’ ionic dissolution products (IDPs). Furthermore, the influence of the IDPs on angiogenesis was evaluated in ovo using a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The influence of B-doped BGs on BMSC viability was dose-dependent, with higher B concentrations showing limited negative effects. B-doping led to a slight stimulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro. In contrast to that, B-doping significantly enhanced vascularization in ovo, especially in higher concentrations. Differences between the results of the in vitro and in ovo part of this study might be explained via the different importance of vascularization in both settings. The implementation of new experimental models that cover the ‘angiogenic-osteogenic coupling’ mechanisms is highly relevant, for instance via extending the application of the CAM assay from solely angiogenic to angiogenic and osteogenic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Decker
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Rehder
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Frohsinnstraße 12, 63739, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Simon
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Chen Y, Sheng W, Lin J, Fang C, Deng J, Zhang P, Zhou M, Liu P, Weng J, Yu F, Wang D, Kang B, Zeng H. Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticle Coordinated Phosphate-Functionalized Chitosan Injectable Hydrogel for Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7592-7608. [PMID: 35119809 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharide (NPH)-based injectable hydrogels have shown great potential for critical-sized bone defect repair. However, their osteogenic, angiogenic, and mechanical properties are insufficient. Here, MgO nanoparticles (NPs) were incorporated into a newly synthesized water-soluble phosphocreatine-functionalized chitosan (CSMP) water solution to form an injectable hydrogel (CSMP-MgO) via supramolecular combination between phosphate groups in CSMP and magnesium in MgO NPs to circumvent these drawbacks of chitosan-based injectable hydrogels. Water-soluble chitosan deviate CSMP was first synthesized by grafting methacrylic anhydride and phosphocreatine into a chitosan chain in a one-step lyophilization process. The phosphocreatine in this hydrogel not only provides sites to combine with MgO NPs to form supramolecular binding but also serves as the reservoir to control Mg2+ release. As a result, the lyophilized CSMP-MgO hydrogels presented a porous structure with some small holes in the pore wall, and the pore diameters ranged from 50 to 100 μm. The CSMP-MgO injectable hydrogels were restricted from swelling in DI water (lowest swelling ratio was 16.0 ± 1.1 g/g) and presented no brittle failure during compression even at a strain above 85% (maximum compressive strength was 195.0 kPa) versus the control groups (28.0 and 41.3 kPa for CSMP and CSMP-MgO (0.5) hydrogels), with regulated Mg2+ release in a stable and sustained manner. The CSMP-MgO injectable hydrogels promoted in vitro calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite (HA) and tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP)) deposition in supersaturated calcium phosphate solution and presented no cytotoxicity to MC3T3-E1 cells; the CSMP-MgO hydrogel promoted MC3T3-E1 cell osteogenic differentiation with upregulation of BSP, OPN, and Osterix osteogenic gene expression and mineralization and HUVEC tube formation. Among them, CSMP-MgO (5) presented most of these properties. Moreover, this hydrogel (CSMP-MgO (5)) showed an excellent ability to promote new bone formation in critical-sized calvarial defects in rats. Thus, the CSMP-MgO injectable hydrogel shows great promise for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Chen
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Weibei Sheng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jianjing Lin
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Chongzhou Fang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jiapeng Deng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Deli Wang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Bin Kang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, P.R. China
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10
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Kargozar S, Milan PB, Amoupour M, Kermani F, Gorgani S, Nazarnezhad S, Hooshmand S, Baino F. Osteogenic Potential of Magnesium (Mg)-Doped Multicomponent Bioactive Glass: In Vitro and In Vivo Animal Studies. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15010318. [PMID: 35009464 PMCID: PMC8745928 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of bioactive glasses (BGs) has been quite fruitful in hard tissue engineering due to the capability of these materials to bond to living bone. In this work, a melt-derived magnesium (Mg)-doped BG (composition: 45SiO2–3P2O5–26CaO–15Na2O–7MgO–4K2O (mol.%)) was synthesized for being used in bone reconstruction. The prepared BGs were then manufactured as three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds by using the sponge replica approach. The microstructure of the samples was assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the surface morphology was observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The in vitro bioactivity and the release of osteo-stimulatory Mg2+ ions from the prepared samples were investigated over 7 days of incubation in simulated body fluids (SBF). In vitro cellular analyses revealed the compatibility of the Mg-doped BGs with human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63 cell line). Moreover, the Mg-doped BGs could induce bone nodule formation in vitro and improve the migratory ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In vivo osteogenic capacity was further evaluated by implanting the BG-derived scaffolds into surgically-created critical-size bone defects in rats. Histological and immunohistological observations revealed an appropriate bone regeneration in the animals receiving the glass-based scaffolds after 12 weeks of surgery. In conclusion, our study indicates the effectiveness of the Mg-doped BGs in stimulating osteogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran; (S.G.); (S.N.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (P.B.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 144961-4535, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 144961-4535, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (P.B.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Moein Amoupour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 144961-4535, Iran;
| | - Farzad Kermani
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Azadi Sq., Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran;
| | - Sara Gorgani
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran; (S.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Simin Nazarnezhad
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran; (S.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey;
| | - Francesco Baino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (P.B.M.); (F.B.)
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Pantulap U, Arango-Ospina M, Boccaccini AR. Bioactive glasses incorporating less-common ions to improve biological and physical properties. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 33:3. [PMID: 34940923 PMCID: PMC8702415 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) have been a focus of research for over five decades for several biomedical applications. Although their use in bone substitution and bone tissue regeneration has gained important attention, recent developments have also seen the expansion of BG applications to the field of soft tissue engineering. Hard and soft tissue repair therapies can benefit from the biological activity of metallic ions released from BGs. These metallic ions are incorporated in the BG network not only for their biological therapeutic effects but also in many cases for influencing the structure and processability of the glass and to impart extra functional properties. The "classical" elements in silicate BG compositions are silicon (Si), phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and potassium (K). In addition, other well-recognized biologically active ions have been incorporated in BGs to provide osteogenic, angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects such as zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), strontium (Sr), gallium (Ga), fluorine (F), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), boron (B), lithium (Li), titanium (Ti), and copper (Cu). More recently, rare earth and other elements considered less common or, some of them, even "exotic" for biomedical applications, have found room as doping elements in BGs to enhance their biological and physical properties. For example, barium (Ba), bismuth (Bi), chlorine (Cl), chromium (Cr), dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), ytterbium (Yb), thulium (Tm), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), holmium (Ho), iodine (I), lanthanum (La), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), nitrogen (N), palladium (Pd), rubidium (Rb), samarium (Sm), selenium (Se), tantalum (Ta), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), erbium (Er), tin (Sn), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), yttrium (Y) as well as zirconium (Zr) have been included in BGs. These ions have been found to be particularly interesting for enhancing the biological performance of doped BGs in novel compositions for tissue repair (both hard and soft tissue) and for providing, in some cases, extra functionalities to the BG, for example fluorescence, luminescence, radiation shielding, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. This review summarizes the influence of incorporating such less-common elements in BGs with focus on tissue engineering applications, usually exploiting the bioactivity of the BG in combination with other functional properties imparted by the presence of the added elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usanee Pantulap
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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Majumdar S, Gupta S, Krishnamurthy S. Multifarious applications of bioactive glasses in soft tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:8111-8147. [PMID: 34766608 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE), a new paradigm in regenerative medicine, repairs and restores the diseased or damaged tissues and eliminates drawbacks associated with autografts and allografts. In this context, many biomaterials have been developed for regenerating tissues and are considered revolutionary in TE due to their flexibility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. One such well-documented biomaterial is bioactive glasses (BGs), known for their osteoconductive and osteogenic potential and their abundant orthopedic and dental clinical applications. However, in the last few decades, the soft tissue regenerative potential of BGs has demonstrated great promise. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers the biological application of BGs in the repair and regeneration of tissues outside the skeleton system. BGs promote neovascularization, which is crucial to encourage host tissue integration with the implanted construct, making them suitable biomaterial scaffolds for TE. Moreover, they heal acute and chronic wounds and also have been reported to restore the injured superficial intestinal mucosa, aiding in gastroduodenal regeneration. In addition, BGs promote regeneration of the tissues with minimal renewal capacity like the heart and lungs. Besides, the peripheral nerve and musculoskeletal reparative properties of BGs are also reported. These results show promising soft tissue regenerative potential of BGs under preclinical settings without posing significant adverse effects. Albeit, there is limited bench-to-bedside clinical translation of elucidative research on BGs as they require rigorous pharmacological evaluations using standardized animal models for assessing biomolecular downstream pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Majumdar
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Smriti Gupta
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
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Mabrouk M, Mousa SM, ElGhany WAA, Abo-elfadl MT, El-Bassyouni GT. Bioactivity and cell viability of Ag+- and Zr4+-co-doped biphasic calcium phosphate. APPLIED PHYSICS A 2021; 127:948. [DOI: 10.1007/s00339-021-05051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Zheng K, Niu W, Lei B, Boccaccini AR. Immunomodulatory bioactive glasses for tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:168-186. [PMID: 34418539 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The regulatory functions of the immune response in tissue healing, repair, and regeneration have been evidenced in the last decade. Immune cells play central roles in immune responses toward inducing favorable tissue regenerative processes. Modulating and controlling the immune cell responses (particularly macrophages) is an emerging approach to enhance tissue regeneration. Bioactive glasses (BGs) are multifunctional materials exhibiting osteogenic, angiogenic, and antibacterial properties, being increasingly investigated for various tissue regeneration scenarios, including bone regeneration and wound healing. On the other hand, the immunomodulatory effects of BGs in relation to regenerating tissues have started to be understood, and key knowledge is emerging. This is the first review article summarizing the immunomodulatory effects of BGs for tissue repair and regeneration. The immune response to BGs is firstly introduced, discussing potential mechanisms regarding the immunomodulation effects induced by BGs. Moreover, the interactions between the immune cells involved in the immunomodulation process and BGs (dissolution products) are summarized in detail. Particularly, a well-regulated and timely switch of macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory is crucial to constructive tissue regeneration through modulating osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis. The influence of BG characteristics on macrophage responses is discussed. We highlight the strategies employed to harness macrophage responses for enhanced tissue regeneration, including the incorporation of active ions, surface functionalization, and controlled release of immunomodulatory molecules. Finally, we conclude with our perspectives on future research challenges and directions in the emerging field of immunomodulatory BGs for tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Immunomodulatory effects of bioactive glasses (BGs) in relation to bone regeneration and wound healing have started to be understood. We summarize those studies which have focused on immunomodulatory BGs for tissue regeneration. We first introduce the potential mechanisms of the immunomodulation effects induced by BGs. Interactions between the cells involved in immunomodulation processes and BGs (and their dissolution products, biologically active ions) are elaborated. We highlight the strategies employed to modulate macrophage responses for enhancing tissue regeneration, including incorporation of active ions, surface functionalization, and controlled release of immunomodulatory agents. This is the first review article summarizing and outlining the immunomodulatory effects of BGs for tissue regeneration. We anticipate that increasing research efforts will start to emerge in the area of immunomodulatory BGs.
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Multi-functional silica-based mesoporous materials for simultaneous delivery of biologically active ions and therapeutic biomolecules. Acta Biomater 2021; 129:1-17. [PMID: 34010692 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica-based materials, especially mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), are being highly considered for biomedical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering, not only because of their bioactivity and biocompatibility but also due to their tunable composition and potential use as drug delivery carriers owing to their controllable nanoporous structure. Numerous researches have reported that MBGs can be doped with various therapeutic ions (strontium, copper, magnesium, zinc, lithium, silver, etc.) and loaded with specific biomolecules (e.g., therapeutic drugs, antibiotics, growth factors) achieving controllable loading and release kinetics. Therefore, co-delivery of ions and biomolecules using a single MBG carrier is highly interesting as this approach provides synergistic effects toward improved therapeutic outcomes in comparison to the strategy of sole drug or ion delivery. In this review, we discuss the state-of-the-art in the field of mesoporous silica-based materials used for co-delivery of ions and therapeutic drugs with osteogenesis/cementogenesis, angiogenesis, antibacterial and anticancer properties. The analysis of the literature reveals that specially designed mesoporous nanocarriers can release multiple ions and drugs at therapeutically safe and relevant levels, achieving the desired biological effects (in vivo, in vitro) for specific biomedical applications. It is expected that this review on the ion/drug co-delivery concept using MBG carriers will shed light on the advantages of such co-delivery systems for clinical use. Areas for future research directions are identified and discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Many studies in literature focus on the potential of single drug or ion delivery by mesoporous silica-based materials, exploiting the bioactivity, biocompatibility, tunable composition and controllable nanoporosity of these materials. Recenlty, studies have adopted the "dual-delivery" concept, by designing multi-functional mesoporous silica-based systems which are capable to deliver both biologically active ions and biomolecules (growth factors, drugs) simultaneously in order to achieve synergy of their complementary therapeutic activities. This review summarizes the state of the art in the field, with focus on osteogenesis/cementogenesis, angiogenesis, antibacterial and anticancer properties, and discusses the challenges and prospects for further progress in this area, expecting to generate broader interest in the technology for applications in disease treatment and regenerative medicine.
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Arab‐Ahmadi S, Irani S, Bakhshi H, Atyabi F, Ghalandari B. Immobilization of cobalt‐loaded laponite/carboxymethyl chitosan on polycaprolactone nanofiber for improving osteogenesis and angiogenesis activities. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Arab‐Ahmadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Hadi Bakhshi
- Department of Functional Polymer Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Potsdam Germany
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Behafarid Ghalandari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
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Copper-containing bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics: From tissue regeneration to cancer therapeutic strategies. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 121:111741. [PMID: 33579436 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Copper is one of the most used therapeutic metallic elements in biomedicine, ranging from antibacterial approaches to cancer theranostics. This element could be easily incorporated into different types of biomaterials; specifically, copper-doped bioactive glasses (BGs) provide great opportunities for biomedical engineers and clinicians as regards their excellent biocompatibility and regenerative potential. Although copper-incorporated BGs are mostly used in bone tissue engineering, accelerated soft tissue healing is achievable, too, with interesting potentials in wound treatment and skin repair. Copper can modulate the physico-chemical properties of BGs (e.g., reactivity with bio-fluids) and improve their therapeutic potential. Improving cell proliferation, promoting angiogenesis, reducing or even prohibiting bacterial growth are counted as prominent biological features of copper-doped BGs. Recent studies have also suggested the suitability of copper-doped BGs in cancer photothermal therapy (PTT). However, more research is needed to determine the extent to which copper-doped BGs are actually applicable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies in the clinic. Moreover, copper-doped BGs in combination with polymers may be considered in the future to produce relatively soft, pliable composites and printable inks for use in biofabrication.
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Electrospun PCL Fiber Mats Incorporating Multi-Targeted B and Co Co-Doped Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles for Angiogenesis. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13184010. [PMID: 32927805 PMCID: PMC7557727 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization is necessary in tissue engineering to keep adequate blood supply in order to maintain the survival and growth of new tissue. The synergy of biologically active ions with multi-target activity may lead to superior angiogenesis promotion in comparison to single-target approaches but it has been rarely investigated. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber mats embedded with B and Co co-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles (BCo.BGNs) were fabricated as a tissue regeneration scaffold designed for promoting angiogenesis. BCo.NBGs were successfully prepared with well-defined spherical shape using a sol-gel method. The PCL fiber mats embedding co-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated by electrospinning using benign solvents. The Young’s moduli of the nanoparticle containing PCL fiber mats were similar to those of the neat fiber mats and suitable for scaffolds utilized in soft tissue repair approaches. The mats also showed non-cytotoxicity to ST-2 cells. PCL fiber mats containing BCo.BGNs with a relatively high content of B and Co promoted the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor to a greater extent than PCL fiber mats with a relatively low B and Co contents, which demonstrates the potential of dual ion release (B and Co) from bioactive glasses to enhance angiogenesis in soft tissue engineering.
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Hohenbild F, Arango-Ospina M, Moghaddam A, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. Preconditioning of Bioactive Glasses before Introduction to Static Cell Culture: What Is Really Necessary? Methods Protoc 2020; 3:E38. [PMID: 32397550 PMCID: PMC7359712 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their high bioreactivity, the in-vitro analysis of bioactive glasses (BGs) can be challenging when it comes to maintaining a physiological pH. To improve BG biocompatibility, a heterogenic spectrum of preconditioning approaches, such as "passivation" of the BGs by incubation in cell culture medium, are used but have never been directly compared. In this study, the effect of passivation periods of up to 72 h on pH alkalization and viability of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells was evaluated to determine a time-efficient passivation protocol using granules based on the 45S5-BG composition (in wt%: 45.0 SiO2, 24.5 Na2O, 24.5 CaO, 6.0 P2O5) in different concentrations. pH alkalization was most reduced after passivation of 24 h. Cell viability continuously improved with increasing passivation time being significantly higher after passivation of at least 24 h compared to non-passivated 45S5-BG and the necessary passivation time increased with increasing BG concentrations. In this setting, a passivation period of 24 h presented as an effective approach to provide a biocompatible cell culture setting. In conclusion, before introduction of BGs in cell culture, different passivation periods should be evaluated in order to meet the respective experimental settings, e.g., by following the experimental protocols used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike Hohenbild
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (M.A.-O.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- ATORG—Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics, and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (M.A.-O.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany;
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