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Leonet-Tijero L, Corral-de-Toro J, Rodríguez-Sanz J, Hernández-Secorún M, Abenia-Benedí H, Lucha-López MO, Monti-Ballano S, Müller-Thyssen-Uriarte J, Tricás-Vidal H, Hidalgo-García C, Tricás-Moreno JM. Interexaminer Reliability and Validity of Quantity of Cervical Mobility during Online Dynamic Inspection. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020546. [PMID: 35204635 PMCID: PMC8870754 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Physical therapists routinely measure range of motion (ROM) of cervical spine. The reliability of the cervical range of motion (CROM) device has been demonstrated in several studies, but current evidence on the validity and reliability of the visual inspection is contradictory. The aim is to assess the validity and interexaminer reliability of the online visual inspection of active cervical ROM in physiotherapy students. Methods: Flexion, extension, both lateral flexions and rotations of a single participant were measured using CROM. Online visual inspection of 18 physiotherapy students against CROM was registered. Results: The validity, against CROM, of the online visual inspection of the active ROM ranged from good to excellent (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) 0.83–0.97). Interexaminer reliability of the online visual inspection had favorable outcomes in all cervical movements in the three physiotherapy courses (ICC 0.70–0.96), with the visual inspection of the rotations being the most reliable (ICC 0.93–0.97). Interexaminer reliability of the classification of mobility was poor to good (Kappa 0.03–0.90). Conclusions: The interexaminer reliability and validity of the quantification of active cervical movement during online visual inspection was shown to be good to excellent for flexion-extension and lateral flexions and excellent for rotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Leonet-Tijero
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
| | - Jaime Corral-de-Toro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain;
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Hernández-Secorún
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Hugo Abenia-Benedí
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - María Orosia Lucha-López
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.O.L.-L.); (C.H.-G.); Tel.: +34-976761760 (M.O.L.-L.); +34-976764430 (C.H.-G.)
| | - Sofía Monti-Ballano
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Julián Müller-Thyssen-Uriarte
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Héctor Tricás-Vidal
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - César Hidalgo-García
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.O.L.-L.); (C.H.-G.); Tel.: +34-976761760 (M.O.L.-L.); +34-976764430 (C.H.-G.)
| | - José Miguel Tricás-Moreno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.-T.); (J.C.-d.-T.); (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (S.M.-B.); (J.M.-T.-U.); (J.M.T.-M.)
- Physiotherapy Research Unit, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
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Schmitt M, Vogt L, Wilke J, Niederer D. Unilateral and bilateral training competitive archers differ in some potentially unhealthy neck-shoulder region movement behaviour characteristics. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:44. [PMID: 33902697 PMCID: PMC8077866 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive unilateral joint loads may lead to overuse disorders. Bilateral training in archery is only performed as a supportive coordination training and as a variation of typical exercise. However, a series of studies demonstrated a crossover transfer of training-induced motor skills to the contralateral side, especially in case of mainly unilateral skills. We compared the cervical spine and shoulder kinematics of unilateral and bilateral training archers. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 25 (5 females, 48 ± 14 years) bilaterally training and 50 age-, sex- and level-matched (1:2; 47.3 ± 13.9 years) unilaterally training competitive archers were included. Cervical range of motion (RoM, all planes) and glenohumeral rotation were assessed with an ultrasound-based 3D motion analysis system. Upward rotation of the scapula during abduction and elevation of the arm were measured by means of a digital inclinometer and active shoulder mobility by means of an electronic caliper. All outcomes were compared between groups (unilaterally vs. bilaterally) and sides (pull-hand- vs. bow-hand-side). RESULTS Unilateral and bilateral archers showed no between group and no side-to-side-differences in either of the movement direction of the cervical spine. The unilateral archers had higher pull-arm-side total glenohumeral rotation than the bilateral archers (mean, 95% CI), (148°, 144-152° vs. 140°, 135°-145°). In particular, internal rotation (61°, 58-65° vs. 56°, 51-61°) and more upward rotation of the scapula at 45 degrees (12°, 11-14° vs. 8°, 6-10°), 90 degrees (34°, 31-36° vs. 28°, 24-32°), 135 degrees (56°, 53-59° vs. 49°, 46-53°), and maximal (68°, 65-70° vs. 62°, 59-65°) arm abduction differed. The bow- and pull-arm of the unilateral, but not of the bilateral archers, differed in the active mobility of the shoulder (22 cm, 20-24 cm vs. 18 cm, 16-20 cm). CONCLUSIONS Unilaterally training archers display no unphysiologic movement behaviour of the cervical spine, but show distinct shoulder asymmetris in the bow- and pull-arm-side when compared to bilateral archers in glenohumeral rotation, scapula rotation during arm abduction, and active mobility of the shoulder. These asymmetries in may exceed physiological performance-enhancing degrees. Bilateral training may seems appropriate in archery to prevent asymmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Schmitt
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, D-60487, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, D-60487, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan Wilke
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, D-60487, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Niederer
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, D-60487, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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