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Terashima M, Tamura Y, Takahashi H, Ochiai K, Ehara K, Takahashi M, Otani N, Sandor B, Tomoe T, Sugiyama T, Ueno A, Kitahara K, Kawabe A, Yasu T. Effects of cardiac rehabilitation on in vivo nailfold microcirculation in patients with cardiovascular disease. Heart Vessels 2024:10.1007/s00380-024-02435-0. [PMID: 39133315 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-024-02435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the impact of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on in vivo and ex vivo microcirculation, exercise capacity, and oxidative stress in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study included patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS; n = 45; age, 69.0 ± 14.1 years) and heart failure (HF; n = 66; age, 77.3 ± 10.7 years) who underwent supervised CR during hospitalization. The control group comprised patients without CVD (NCVD; n = 20; age, 75.9 ± 11.2 years). In vivo microcirculatory observations using nailfold video capillary endoscopy at rest and during hyperemia, exercise capacity, and oxidative stress were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after discharge. Baseline capillary densities were significantly lower in the ACS (5.0 ± 1.7 capillaries/mm2) and HF (4.9 ± 1.7 capillaries/mm2) groups than in the NCVD group (6.5 ± 1.1 capillaries/mm2, p < 0.01). Similarly, capillary density during reactive hyperemia was significantly lower in the ACS (5.8 ± 1.7 capillaries/mm2) and HF (5.4 ± 1.8 capillaries/mm2) groups than in the NCVD group (7.3 ± 1.4 capillaries/mm2, p < 0.01). Patients with ACS and HF had increased capillary densities at 12 weeks compared with at baseline (p < 0.05). This improvement was particularly pronounced among post-discharge outpatient CR participants (n = 20). Grip strength, exercise capacity, and oxidative stress improved at 12 weeks. Baseline capillary density changes were positively correlated with grip strength changes (r = 0.45, p < 0.001). CR significantly improved nailfold capillary density in patients with ACS and HF 12 weeks after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Terashima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, 145-1 Moritomo, Nikko, Tochigi, 321-1298, Japan
| | - Yuma Tamura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, 145-1 Moritomo, Nikko, Tochigi, 321-1298, Japan.
| | - Harunori Takahashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, 145-1 Moritomo, Nikko, Tochigi, 321-1298, Japan
| | - Kaori Ochiai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, 145-1 Moritomo, Nikko, Tochigi, 321-1298, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Ehara
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, 145-1 Moritomo, Nikko, Tochigi, 321-1298, Japan
| | - Momo Takahashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, 145-1 Moritomo, Nikko, Tochigi, 321-1298, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Otani
- Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Barbara Sandor
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
- 1st Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Takashi Tomoe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takushi Sugiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asuka Ueno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Keijiro Kitahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Kawabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takanori Yasu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Tochigi, Japan
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2
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Vos JL, Lemmers JMJ, El Messaoudi S, Snoeren M, van Dijk APJ, Duijnhouwer AL, Rodwell L, van Leuven SI, Post MC, Vonk MC, Nijveldt R. Peripheral microvascular function is linked to cardiac involvement on cardiovascular magnetic resonance in systemic sclerosis-related pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 25:708-717. [PMID: 38170546 PMCID: PMC11057940 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by vasculopathy, inflammation, and fibrosis, and carries one of the worst prognoses if patients also develop pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Although PAH is a known prognosticator, patients with SSc-PAH demonstrate disproportionately high mortality, presumably due to cardiac involvement. In this cross-sectional study, the relationship between cardiac involvement revealed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and systemic microvascular disease severity measured with nailfold capillaromicroscopy (NCM) in patients with SSc-PAH is evaluated and compared with patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH). METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with SSc-PAH and IPAH underwent CMR, echocardiography, and NCM with post-occlusive reactivity hyperaemia (PORH) testing on the same day. CMR imaging included T2 (oedema), native, and post-contrast T1 mapping to measure the extracellular volume fraction (ECV, fibrosis) and adenosine-stress-perfusion imaging measuring the relative myocardial upslope (microvascular coronary perfusion). Measures of peripheral microvascular function were related to CMR indices of oedema, fibrosis, and myocardial perfusion. SSc-PAH patients (n = 20) had higher T2 values and a trend towards a higher ECV, compared with IPAH patients (n = 5), and a lower nailfold capillary density (NCD) and reduced capillary recruitment after PORH. NCD correlated with ECV and T2 (r = -0.443 and -0.464, respectively, P < 0.05 for both) and with markers of diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography. PORH testing, but not NCD, correlated with the relative myocardial upslope (r = 0.421, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION SSc-PAH patients showed higher markers of cardiac fibrosis and inflammation, compared with IPAH patients. These markers correlated well with peripheral microvascular dysfunction, suggesting that SSc-driven inflammation and vasculopathy concurrently affect peripheral microcirculation and the heart. This may contribute to the disproportionate high mortality in SSc-PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline L Vos
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline M J Lemmers
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saloua El Messaoudi
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda Snoeren
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arie P J van Dijk
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anthonie L Duijnhouwer
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Rodwell
- Department of Health Evidence, Section Biostatistics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander I van Leuven
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Post
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Madelon C Vonk
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Nijveldt
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Khoja A, Andraweera PH, Lassi ZS, Ali A, Zheng M, Pathirana MM, Aldridge E, Wittwer MR, Chaudhuri DD, Tavella R, Arstall MA. Risk Factors for Early-Onset Versus Late-Onset Coronary Heart Disease (CHD): Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:1277-1311. [PMID: 37777398 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to systematically compare literature on prevalence of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for early compared to late-onset coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched (review protocol registered in PROSPERO CRD42020173216). Study quality was assessed using the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute tool for observational and case-control studies. Review Manager 5.3 was used for meta-analysis. Effect sizes were expressed as odds ratio (OR) and mean differences (MD)/standardised MD (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for categorical and continuous variables. RESULTS Individuals presenting with early-onset CHD (age <65 years) compared to late-onset CHD had higher mean body mass index (MD 1.07 kg/m2; 95% CI 0.31-1.83), total cholesterol (SMD 0.43; 95% CI 0.23-0.62), low-density lipoprotein (SMD 0.26; 95% CI 0.15-0.36) and triglycerides (SMD 0.50; 95% CI 0.22-0.68) with lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (SMD 0.26; 95% CI -0.42--0.11). They were more likely to be smokers (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.39-2.22) and have a positive family history of CHD (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.74-2.48). They had lower mean systolic blood pressure (MD 4.07 mmHg; 95% CI -7.36--0.78) and were less likely to have hypertension (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.39-0.57), diabetes mellitus (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.51-0.61) or stroke (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.24-0.42). CONCLUSION A focus on weight management and smoking cessation and aggressive management of dyslipidaemia in young adults may reduce the risk of early-onset CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Khoja
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cardiology Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Prabha H Andraweera
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cardiology Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zohra S Lassi
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna Ali
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Maleesa M Pathirana
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cardiology Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emily Aldridge
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cardiology Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australia, Australia
| | - Melanie R Wittwer
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cardiology Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australia, Australia
| | - Debajyoti D Chaudhuri
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cardiology Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rosanna Tavella
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Margaret A Arstall
- Cardiology Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australia, Australia; Medical Specialties, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Martino F, Barilla' F, Martino E, Placanica G, Paravati V, Bassareo PP. Nailfold capillaroscopy reveals early peripheral microcirculation abnormalities in children affected by heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Microvasc Res 2023; 148:104545. [PMID: 37146675 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND nailfold capillaroscopy (NCF) is a non-invasive imaging technique to seek peripheral microcirculation abnormalities in children and adults. Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder caused by mutations capable of increasing blood levels of low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), thus triggering early atherosclerosis. The study aims at evaluating peripheral microcirculation in children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) by means of NFC in comparison with healthy peers and at searching for possible correlations between these abnormalities and patients' lipid panel. METHODS thirty-six HeFH patients were enrolled (13 males and 23 females. Mean age 8 ± 3 years; age range 3-13 years). They had increased levels of total cholesterol (237.9 ± 34.2 mg/dl) and LDL-C (154.2 ± 37.6 mg/dl). Both values were ≥95th gender and age specific centile. All the subjects in the study underwent NFC. RESULTS In 69.4 % of HeFH children nailfold capillaries were tortuous (p < 0.00001 compared to healthy controls). In 41.6 % the number of capillaries was markedly reduced (<7 capillaries/mm). The mean number of capillaries was 8.4 ± 2.6/mm in HeFH and 12.2 ± 1.4/mm in healthy controls (p < 0.00001). In 100 % of the sample size capillary blood flow was slowed down (p < 0.00001). In 50 % of the sample size a blood "sludge" phenomenon was seen (p < 0.00001). No gender differences were detected. Sludge phenomenon was seen only in those with LDL-C over 99th centile (p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION NCF allows the identification of an early peripheral microvascular dysfunction in HeFH children which is similar to that already seen in atherosclerotic disease. Prompt identification of these capillary abnormalities may be crucial in implementing early prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Martino
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology, and Cardiovascular Sciences, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barilla'
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Eliana Martino
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology, and Cardiovascular Sciences, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Placanica
- Department of Cardiovascular, Nephrological, Anaesthesiological, and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Paravati
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology, and Cardiovascular Sciences, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Bassareo
- University College of Dublin, School of Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital and Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy for Non-Invasive Assessment of Microcirculation and Prognostic Correlation with Endothelial Dysfunction, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Non-HLA Antibodies in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062302. [PMID: 36983302 PMCID: PMC10056970 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Early identification of allograft vasculopathy and the concomitant elimination of adverse risk factors is essential for improving the long-term prognosis of heart transplant (HTx) recipients with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD). The major aim of this pilot study was to conduct a non-invasive imaging evaluation of the HTx patient microcirculation by employing nailfold video-capillaroscopy (NVC) in a well-characterized patient and control cohort, and to correlate these data with endothelial cell function, accompanied by studies of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and non-HLA antibodies in HTx recipients. Ten patients undergoing HTx (mean age of 38 ± 14 years) were recruited for the study and compared to a control group of 12 well-matched healthy volunteers (mean age 35 ± 5 years) with normal body mass index (BMI). Detailed medical records were collected from all individuals. NVC was performed using CapillaryScope 200 MEDL4N microscope. For functional readout and correlation analysis, endothelial cell network formation in conjunction with measurements of patient serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and non-HLA autoantibodies directed against the angiotensin II type-1-receptor (anti-AT1R-Ab), endothelin-1 type-A-receptor (anti-ETAR-Ab), protease-activated receptor-1 (anti-PAR-1-Ab), and VEGF-A (anti-VEGF-A-Ab) were studied. Our NVC analysis found that the average apical loop diameter of nailfold capillaries was significantly increased in HTx recipients (p = 0.001). In addition, HTx patients with more prominent changes in capillaroscopic patterns were characterized by the presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and HTx patients had increased levels of anti-AT1R-ab, anti-ETAR-ab, and anti-VEGF-A-Ab (p = 0.017, p = 0.025, and p = 0.003, respectively). Capillary diameters most strongly correlated with elevated serum levels of troponin T and triglycerides (R = 0.69, p = 0.028 and R = 0.81, p = 0.004, respectively). In conclusion, we found that an abnormal NVC pattern in HTx patients is associated with traditional CVD risk factors and that NVC is a useful non-invasive tool to conveniently monitor changes in the microvasculature of HTx patients.
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Quantitative Characterization of Age-Related Changes in Peripheral Vessels of a Human Palm Using Raster-Scan Optoacoustic Angiography. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9070482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of age-related changes in skin vessels based on optoacoustic angiographic images during the in vivo skin monitoring of healthy volunteers at different ages is reported. As a result of a quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional OA images, the age-associated differences in the following image parameters were revealed: image intensity, ratio of blood content at different characteristics depths, total vessel length, and number of branches. The reported approach can be effectively employed for automatic assessment and monitoring of age-related vascular changes in the skin and underlying tissues.
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Rizzoni D, Mengozzi A, Masi S, Agabiti Rosei C, De Ciuceis C, Virdis A. New Noninvasive Methods to Evaluate Microvascular Structure and Function. Hypertension 2022; 79:874-886. [PMID: 35114816 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The structural and functional alterations of microvessels are detected because of physiological aging and in several cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. The small resistance arteries of these patients show an increase in the media or total wall thickness to internal lumen diameter ratio (MLR or WLR), often accompanied by endothelial dysfunction. For decades, micromyography has been considered as a gold standard method for evaluating microvascular structural alterations through the measurement of MLR or WLR of subcutaneous small vessels dissected from tissue biopsies. Micromyography is the most common and reliable method for assessing microcirculatory endothelial function ex vivo, while strain-gauge venous plethysmography is considered the reference technique for in vivo studies. Recently, several noninvasive methods have been proposed to extend the microvasculature evaluation to a broader range of patients and clinical settings. Scanning laser Doppler flowmetry and adaptive optics are increasingly used to estimate the WLR of retinal arterioles. Microvascular endothelial function may be evaluated in the retina by flicker light stimulus, in the finger by tonometric approaches, or in the cutaneous or sublingual tissues by laser Doppler flowmetry or intravital microscopy. The main limitation of these techniques is the lack of robust evidence on their prognostic value, which currently reduces their widespread use in daily clinical practice. Ongoing and future studies will overcome this issue, hopefully moving the noninvasive assessment of the microvascular function and structure from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Rizzoni
- Clinica Medica, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy (D.R., C.A., C.D.C.).,Division of Medicine, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari (Brescia), Italy (D.R.)
| | - Alessandro Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (A.M., S.M., A.V.).,Institute of Life Science, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy (A.M.)
| | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (A.M., S.M., A.V.).,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (S.M.)
| | - Claudia Agabiti Rosei
- Clinica Medica, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy (D.R., C.A., C.D.C.)
| | - Carolina De Ciuceis
- Clinica Medica, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy (D.R., C.A., C.D.C.)
| | - Agostino Virdis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (A.M., S.M., A.V.)
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Kemp SS, Penn MR, Koller GM, Griffin CT, Davis GE. Proinflammatory mediators, TNFα, IFNγ, and thrombin, directly induce lymphatic capillary tube regression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:937982. [PMID: 35927983 PMCID: PMC9343954 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.937982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we sought to investigate the direct effects of proinflammatory mediators on lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) capillaries and whether they might induce regression. Our laboratory has developed novel in-vitro, serum-free, lymphatic tubulogenesis assay models whereby human LEC tube networks readily form in either three-dimensional collagen or fibrin matrices. These systems were initially conceptualized in the hopes of better understanding the influence of proinflammatory mediators on LEC capillaries. In this work, we have screened and identified proinflammatory mediators that cause regression of LEC tube networks, the most potent of which is TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha), followed by IFNγ (interferon gamma) and thrombin. When these mediators were combined, even greater and more rapid lymphatic capillary regression occurred. Surprisingly, IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta), one of the most potent and pathologic cytokines known, had no regressive effect on these tube networks. Finally, we identified new pharmacological drug combinations capable of rescuing LEC capillaries from regression in response to the potent combination of TNFα, IFNγ, and thrombin. We speculate that protecting lymphatic capillaries from regression may be an important step toward mitigating a wide variety of acute and chronic disease states, as lymphatics are believed to clear both proinflammatory cells and mediators from inflamed and damaged tissue beds. Overall, these studies identify key proinflammatory mediators, including TNFα, IFNγ, and thrombin, that induce regression of LEC tube networks, as well as identify potential therapeutic agents to diminish LEC capillary regression responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott S Kemp
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Marlena R Penn
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Gretchen M Koller
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Courtney T Griffin
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - George E Davis
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
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Junqueira CLC, Ferreira E, Junqueira ASM, de Almeida Cyrino FZG, Maranhão PA, Kraemer-Aguiar LG, Bottino DA, Coelho de Souza MDG, Bouskela E. Peripheral microvascular dysfunction is also present in patients with ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA). Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 79:381-393. [PMID: 34151847 DOI: 10.3233/ch-201065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA), coronary microvascular dysfunction is associated with higher rate of major adverse cardiovascular events. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate if microvascular dysfunction present in coronary microcirculation of patients with INOCA may be detected noninvasively in their peripheral circulation. METHODS 25 patients with INOCA and 25 apparently healthy individuals (controls) were subjected to nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP) to evaluate peripheral microvascular function and blood collection for biomarkers analysis, including soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS Red blood cell velocity (RBCV) before and after ischemia (RBCVmax) were significantly lower in patients with INOCA (p = 0.0001). Time to reach maximal red blood cell velocity (TRBCVmax) was significantly longer in INOCA group (p = 0.0004). Concerning VOP, maximal blood flow (p = 0.004) and its relative increment were significantly lower in patients with INOCA (p = 0.0004). RBCVmax showed significant correlations with sVCAM-1 (r = -0.38, p < 0.05), ET-1 (r = -0.73, p < 0.05) and CRP (r = -0.33, p < 0.05). Relative increment of maximal post-ischemic blood flow was significantly correlated with sVCAM-1 (r = -0.42, p < 0.05) and ET-1 (r = -0.48, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The impairment of microvascular function present in coronary microcirculation of patients with INOCA can be also detected in peripheral microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo L C Junqueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Esmeralci Ferreira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Cardiologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil
| | | | | | - Priscila Alves Maranhão
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luiz Guilherme Kraemer-Aguiar
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil
| | - Daniel Alexandre Bottino
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Coelho de Souza
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliete Bouskela
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Thorn CE, Adio AO, Fox RH, Gardner AM, Winlove CP, Shore AC. Intermittent compression induces transitory hypoxic stimuli, upstream vasodilation and enhanced perfusion of skin capillaries, independent of age and diabetes. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1072-1084. [PMID: 33571053 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00657.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefit of enhanced shear stress to the vascular endothelium has been well-documented in conduit arteries but is less understood in skin microcirculation. The aim of this study was to provide physiological evidence of the vascular changes in skin microcirculation induced by intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) of 1 s cuff inflation (130 mmHg) every 20 s to the palm of the hand for 30 min. The oxygenation and hemodynamics of dorsal mid-phalangeal finger skin microcirculation were assessed by laser Doppler fluximetry and reflectance spectroscopy before, during, and after IPC in 15 young (18-39 years old) and 39 older (40-80 years old) controls and 32 older subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Each individual cuff inflation induced: 1) brief surge in flux immediately after cuff deflation followed by 2) transitory reduction in blood oxygen for ∼4 s, and 3) a second increase in perfusion and oxygenation of the microcirculation peaking ∼11 s after cuff deflation in all subject groups. With no significant change in blood volume observed by reflectance spectroscopy, despite the increased shear stress at the observed site, this second peak in flux and blood oxygen suggests a delayed vasoactive response upstream inducing increased arterial influx in the microcirculation that was higher in older controls and subjects with diabetes compared to young controls (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively) and achieving maximum capillary recruitment in all subject groups. Transitory hypoxic stimuli with conducted vasodilation may be a mechanism through which IPC enhances capillary perfusion in skin microcirculation independent of age and type 2 diabetes mellitus.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that hand intermittent pneumatic compression evokes transitory hypoxic stimuli in distal finger skin microcirculation inducing vasodilation of arterial inflow vessels, enhanced perfusion, and maximum capillary recruitment in young and older subjects and older subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Enhanced shear stress in the microcirculation did not appear to induce local skin vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare E Thorn
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health and NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Aminat O Adio
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health and NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Roger H Fox
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health and NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - A Michael Gardner
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health and NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - C Peter Winlove
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health and NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Angela C Shore
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health and NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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11
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Shirazi BR, Valentine RJ, Lang JA. Reproducibility and normalization of reactive hyperemia using laser speckle contrast imaging. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244795. [PMID: 33412561 PMCID: PMC7790538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Impaired perfusion indices signal potential microvascular dysfunction preceding atherosclerosis and other cardiometabolic pathologies. Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH), a vasodilatory response following a mechanically induced ischemia, is a transient increase in perfusion and can assess microvascular function. The greatest blood flow change corresponding to the first minute of hyperemia (represented by time-to-peak, hyperemic velocity, AUC within 1st min) has been shown to indicate microvascular dysfunction. However, the reproducibility of these temporal kinetic indices of the PORH response is unknown. Our aim was to examine the inter- and intra-day reproducibility and standardization of reactive hyperemia, with emphasis on the kinetic indices of PORH, using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) technique. Methods and results Seventeen healthy adults (age = 24 ± 3 years) completed three PORH bouts over two lab visits. LSCI region of interest was a standardized 10 cm region on the dominant ventral forearm. A 5-min brachial artery occlusion period induced by inflating an arm cuff to 200 mmHg, preceded a 4-min hyperemic period. Inter- and intra-day reliability and reproducibility of cutaneous vascular conductance (LSCI flux / mean arterial pressure) were determined using intraclass correlation (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV%). Maximal flow and area under the curve standardized to zero perfusion showed intra- and inter-day reliability (ICC > 0.70). Time to maximal flow (TMF) was not reproducible (inter-day CV = 18%). However, alternative kinetic indices such as 1-min AUC and overshoot rate-of-change (ORC), represented as a piecewise function (at 5s, 10s, 15s, and 20s into hyperemia), were reproducible (CV< 11%). Biological zero was a reliable normalization point. Conclusion PORH measured with LSCI is a reliable assessment of microvascular function. However, TMF or its derived hyperemic velocity are not recommended for longitudinal assessment. Piecewise ORC and 1-min AUC are reliable alternatives to assess the kinetic response of PORH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rudy J. Valentine
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - James A. Lang
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Östlund Papadogeorgos N, Kuhl J, Shore A, Kahan T, Jörneskog G, Kalani M. Effects of exenatide on microvascular reactivity in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease: A randomized controlled study. Microcirculation 2020; 28:e12670. [PMID: 33151597 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied the effect of the GLP-1RA exenatide on skin microvascular function in patients with T2DM and CAD. METHODS Thirty-five patients with T2DM, CAD, and HbA1C 42-86 mmol/mol were randomized to treatment with exenatide or conventional non-GLP-1-based therapy for 12 weeks. Skin microvascular function was examined in the forearm by LDF and iontophoretic application of acetyl choline and SNP, and by PORH at baseline and after 12 weeks. Blood samples for fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, and lipid profile were collected. RESULTS At 12 weeks, patients on exenatide showed reductions in HbA1C (from 63.5 ± 13 to 60.7 ± 14 mmol/mol, p = .065), body weight (from 92.6 ± 16 to 89 ± 16 kg, p < .001), and systolic blood pressure (from 141 ± 13 to 134 ± 16 mm Hg, p < .05) as compared to the conventionally treated group. There were no significant changes in skin microvascular function between or within the two groups at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Three months' daily treatment with the GLP-1RA exenatide in T2DM patients with CAD showed no significant effects on skin microvascular function or blood glucose control, while this study confirms a reduction in body weight and blood pressure by exenatide, as compared to conventional antidiabetic drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Östlund Papadogeorgos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeanette Kuhl
- Division of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela Shore
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Thomas Kahan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gun Jörneskog
- Division of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Majid Kalani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Barata Kasal DA, Britto A, Verri V, De Lorenzo A, Tibirica E. Systemic microvascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with left ventricular ejection fraction reduction in chronic Chagas disease patients. Microcirculation 2020; 28:e12664. [PMID: 33064364 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compares microvascular reactivity (MR) in chronic Chagas disease (CD) patients with healthy individuals, matched for sex and age. In addition, we evaluated the association between MR and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients. METHODS Acetylcholine iontophoresis was performed on the forearm skin, using laser speckle contrast imaging, to evaluate endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Clinical data were obtained from medical records. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were compared to 25 healthy individuals (controls). Vasodilation was higher in controls, when compared to patients (p < .0001). There was a significant association between LVEF, stratified into quartiles, and MR (p-value for linear trend = .002). In addition, there was no difference in MR between patients with normal LVEF and the control group. In patients, MR was independent of the presence of arterial hypertension or diabetes. CONCLUSIONS We have shown for the first time that the reduction of MR is associated with a decrease of LVEF in a cohort of chronic CD patients. The results were not affected by comorbidities, such as hypertension or diabetes. The evaluation of systemic endothelial function may be useful to tailor therapeutic and preventive approaches, targeted at systolic left ventricular failure associated with chronic CD cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Arthur Barata Kasal
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Internal Medicine Department, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ademar Britto
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valéria Verri
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea De Lorenzo
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibirica
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Boardman H, Lamata P, Lazdam M, Verburg A, Siepmann T, Upton R, Bilderbeck A, Dore R, Smedley C, Kenworthy Y, Sverrisdottir Y, Aye CY, Williamson W, Huckstep O, Francis JM, Neubauer S, Lewandowski AJ, Leeson P. Variations in Cardiovascular Structure, Function, and Geometry in Midlife Associated With a History of Hypertensive Pregnancy. Hypertension 2020; 75:1542-1550. [PMID: 32306767 PMCID: PMC7682801 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Hypertensive pregnancy is associated with increased maternal cardiovascular risk in later life. A range of cardiovascular adaptations after pregnancy have been reported to partly explain this risk. We used multimodality imaging to identify whether, by midlife, any pregnancy-associated phenotypes were still identifiable and to what extent they could be explained by blood pressure. Participants were identified by review of hospital maternity records 5 to 10 years after pregnancy and invited to a single visit for detailed cardiovascular imaging phenotyping. One hundred seventy-three women (age, 42±5 years, 70 after normotensive and 103 after hypertensive pregnancy) underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the heart and aorta, echocardiography, and vascular assessment, including capillaroscopy. Women with a history of hypertensive pregnancy had a distinct cardiac geometry with higher left ventricular mass index (49.9±7.1 versus 46.0±6.5 g/m2; P=0.001) and ejection fraction (65.6±5.4% versus 63.7±4.3%; P=0.03) but lower global longitudinal strain (−18.31±4.46% versus −19.94±3.59%; P=0.02). Left atrial volume index was also increased (40.4±9.2 versus 37.3±7.3 mL/m2; P=0.03) and E:A reduced (1.34±0.35 versus 1.52±0.45; P=0.003). Aortic compliance (0.240±0.053 versus 0.258±0.063; P=0.046) and functional capillary density (105.4±23.0 versus 115.2±20.9 capillaries/mm2; P=0.01) were reduced. Only differences in functional capillary density, left ventricular mass, and atrial volume indices remained after adjustment for blood pressure (P<0.01, P=0.01, and P=0.04, respectively). Differences in cardiac structure and geometry, as well as microvascular rarefaction, are evident in midlife after a hypertensive pregnancy, independent of blood pressure. To what extent these phenotypic patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease progression or provide additional measures to improve risk stratification requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Boardman
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Lamata
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, United Kingdom (P. Lamata)
| | - Merzaka Lazdam
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Verburg
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Timo Siepmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany (T.S.)
| | - Ross Upton
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Bilderbeck
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys Dore
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Smedley
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yvonne Kenworthy
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yrsa Sverrisdottir
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences (Y.S.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, Dubai, UAE (Y.S.)
| | - Christina Y.L. Aye
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health (C.Y.L.A.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wilby Williamson
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Odaro Huckstep
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jane M. Francis
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (J.M.F., S.N.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (J.M.F., S.N.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam J. Lewandowski
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Leeson
- From the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.B., M.L., A.V., R.U., A.B., R.D., C.S., Y.K., C.Y.L.A., W.W., O.H., A.J.L., P. Leeson), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Training on the Skin Microcirculation in Patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease. J Aging Res 2020; 2020:4602067. [PMID: 32399295 PMCID: PMC7199599 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4602067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials and Methods In the study, 48 men took part with a stabilized and pharmacologically controlled ischaemic disease. The participants were randomly divided into two groups with 24 people in each of them. The research group participated in an aerobic march training. The march was taking place 3 times a week for 30-40 minutes over a period of 8 weeks. In the time of training, the subjects did not practise any other physical activity for 8 weeks. The measurement of skin microcirculation was done by using the laser Doppler flowmeter estimating the values of regular flow and the reactions provoked in response to occlusion and temperature. Signal frequency was also analysed which was received by means of laser Doppler flowmetry in the range from 0.01 to 2 Hz during the regular flow. Results During the first measurement in relation to the initial values, a decrease in body mass was noted by 2.21 kg on average as well as reduction of systolic and diastolic pressure by 10.4 mmHg and 3.68 mmHg, respectively. The regular flow (RF) increased after the training by 2.21%. The provoked reactions were as follows: hyperemic (PRHmax): an increase occurred by 8.76% and hyperthermic (THmax): an increase occurred by 5.38%. The time needed to achieve PRHmax was reduced by 42% and to achieve THmax, by 22%. The heart rhythm and the signal strength of neurogenic rhythm decreased by approximately 8% and 24%, respectively. The signal strength of endothelial rhythm increased by 19%. In the second measurement, a recourse was noted in the values of indicators under investigation, which were assuming values close to the initial ones. In the control group, the measurement values did not change significantly. Conclusions 8 weeks of systematic aerobic training provides a significant improvement of endothelium functioning, expressed by reactivity improvement in skin microcirculation in patients suffering from ischaemic heart disease. It points to aerobic training as a nonpharmacological effective cardioprotective factor. The improvement effects of skin vascular bed functioning in the group of patients with IHD are impermanent, and they disappear after the period in which patients did not exercise physical activity.
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Koller GM, Schafer C, Kemp SS, Aguera KN, Lin PK, Forgy JC, Griffin CT, Davis GE. Proinflammatory Mediators, IL (Interleukin)-1β, TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) α, and Thrombin Directly Induce Capillary Tube Regression. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 40:365-377. [PMID: 31852224 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this work, we examine the molecular basis for capillary tube regression and identify key proregressive factors, signaling pathways, and pharmacological antagonists of this process. Approach and Results: We demonstrate that the proinflammatory mediators, IL (interleukin)-1β, TNF (tumor necrosis factor) α, and thrombin, singly and in combination, are potent regulators of capillary tube regression in vitro. These proregressive factors, when added to endothelial cell-pericyte cocultures, led to selective loss of endothelial cell-lined tube networks, with retention and proliferation of pericytes despite the marked destruction of adjacent capillary tubes. Moreover, treatment of macrophages with the TLR (toll-like receptor) agonists Pam3CSK4 and lipopolysaccharide generates conditioned media with marked proregressive activity, that is completely blocked by a combination of neutralizing antibodies directed to IL-1β and TNFα but not to other factors. The same combination of blocking antibodies, as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, interfere with macrophage-dependent hyaloid vasculature regression in mice suggesting that proinflammatory cytokine signaling regulates capillary regression in vivo. In addition, we identified a capillary regression signaling signature in endothelial cells downstream of these proregressive agents that is characterized by increased levels of ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), phospho-p38, and phospho-MLC2 (myosin light chain-2) and decreased levels of phospho-Pak2, acetylated tubulin, phospho-cofilin, and pro-caspase3. Finally, we identified combinations of pharmacological agents (ie, FIST and FISTSB) that markedly rescue the proregressive activities of IL-1β, TNFα, and thrombin, individually and in combination. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these new studies demonstrate that the major proinflammatory mediators, IL-1β, TNFα, and thrombin, are key regulators of capillary tube regression-a critical pathological process regulating human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen M Koller
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa (G.M.K., S.S.K., K.N.A., P.K.L., J.C.F., G.E.D.)
| | - Christopher Schafer
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (C.S., C.T.G.), University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Scott S Kemp
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa (G.M.K., S.S.K., K.N.A., P.K.L., J.C.F., G.E.D.)
| | - Kalia N Aguera
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa (G.M.K., S.S.K., K.N.A., P.K.L., J.C.F., G.E.D.)
| | - Prisca K Lin
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa (G.M.K., S.S.K., K.N.A., P.K.L., J.C.F., G.E.D.)
| | - Joshua C Forgy
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa (G.M.K., S.S.K., K.N.A., P.K.L., J.C.F., G.E.D.)
| | - Courtney T Griffin
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (C.S., C.T.G.), University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.,Department of Cell Biology (C.T.G.), University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - George E Davis
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa (G.M.K., S.S.K., K.N.A., P.K.L., J.C.F., G.E.D.)
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Mrowietz C, Franke R, Pindur G, Sternitzky R, Jung F, Wolf U. Evaluation of Laser-Doppler-Fluxmetry for the diagnosis of microcirculatory disorders. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 71:129-135. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-189402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Mrowietz
- Institute for Clinical Hemostasiology and Transfusion Medicine, University Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - R.P. Franke
- Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulm, Germany
| | - G. Pindur
- Institute for Clinical Hemostasiology and Transfusion Medicine, University Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - F. Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - U. Wolf
- University of Applied Sciences Fulda, Germany
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Karaman Koç A, Koçak HE, Çakıl Erdoğan B, Ulusoy HA, Yiğitbay M, Bilece ZT, Elbistanlı MS, Kaya KH. Severe OSAS causes systemic microvascular dysfunction: Clinical evaluation of ninety-eight OSAS patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2019; 44:412-415. [PMID: 30623564 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Karaman Koç
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Emre Koçak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilgen Çakıl Erdoğan
- Department of Dermatology, Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avni Ulusoy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yiğitbay
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeki Tolga Bilece
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Suphi Elbistanlı
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kamil Hakan Kaya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Retinal microvascular diameters: normative data and their use in clinical hypertension. J Hypertens 2019; 35:1573-1574. [PMID: 28657975 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Coronary arterial vasculature in the pathophysiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:769-780. [PMID: 30370501 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the coronary vascular system are likely associated with a mismatch between energy demand and energy supply and critical in triggering the cascade of events that leads to symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Targeting the early events, particularly vascular remodeling, may be a key approach to developing effective treatments. Improvement in our understanding of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy began with the results of early biophysical studies, proceeded to genetic analyses pinpointing the mutational origin, and now pertains to imaging of the metabolic and flow-related consequences of such mutations. Microvascular dysfunction has been an ongoing hot topic in the imaging of genetic cardiomyopathies marked by its histologically significant remodeling and has proven to be a powerful asset in determining prognosis for these patients as well as enlightening scientists on a potential pathophysiological cascade that may begin early during the developmental process. Here, we discuss questions that continue to remain on the mechanistic processes leading to microvascular dysfunction, its correlation to the morphological changes in the vessels, and its contribution to disease progression.
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21
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Lopes GO, Farinatti P, Lopes KG, Medeiros-Lima DJ, Matsuura C, Oliveira RB, Bouskela E, Bottino DA, Muccillo F, Tibirica E, Borges JP. Increased vascular function and superoxide dismutase activity in physically active vs inactive adults living with HIV. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 29:25-33. [PMID: 30267551 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study compared macro- and microvascular endothelial function and redox status in active vs inactive HIV-infected patients (HIVP) under antiretroviral therapy. Using a cross-sectional design, macro- and microvascular reactivity, systemic microvascular density, and oxidative stress were compared between 19 HIVP (53.1 ± 6.1 year) enrolled in a multimodal training program (aerobic, strength and flexibility exercises) for at least 12 months (60-minutes sessions performed 3 times/wk with moderate intensity) vs 25 sedentary HIVP (51.2 ± 6.3 year). Forearm blood flow during reactive hyperemia (521.7 ± 241.9 vs 361.4% ± 125.0%; P = 0.04) and systemic microvascular density (120.8 ± 21.1 vs 105.6 ± 25.0 capillaries/mm2 ; P = 0.03) was greater in active than inactive patients. No significant difference between groups was detected for endothelium-dependent and independent skin microvascular vasodilation (P > 0.05). As for redox status, carbonyl groups (P = 0.22), lipid peroxidation (P = 0.86), catalase activity (P = 0.99), and nitric oxide levels (P = 0.72) were similar across groups. However, superoxide dismutase activity was greater in active vs inactive HIVP (0.118 ± 0.013 vs 0.111 ± 0.007 U/mL; P = 0.05). Immune function reflected by total T CD4 and T CD8 counts (cell/mm3 ) did not differ between active and inactive groups (P > 0.82). In conclusion, physically active HIVP exhibited similar immune function, but greater macrovascular reactivity, systemic microvascular density, and superoxide dismutase activity than inactive patients of similar age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella O Lopes
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Farinatti
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Karynne G Lopes
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Clinical and Experimental Research Laboratory on Vascular Biology (BioVasc), Biomedical Center, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Medeiros-Lima
- Department of Pharmacology and Psychobiology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Matsuura
- Department of Pharmacology and Psychobiology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo B Oliveira
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliete Bouskela
- Clinical and Experimental Research Laboratory on Vascular Biology (BioVasc), Biomedical Center, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel A Bottino
- Clinical and Experimental Research Laboratory on Vascular Biology (BioVasc), Biomedical Center, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Muccillo
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibirica
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana P Borges
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tibiriçá E, Lorenzo AD, Oliveira GMMD. Microcirculation and Cardiovascular Diseases. Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 111:120-121. [PMID: 30183978 PMCID: PMC6122906 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Tibiriçá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil.,Mestrado profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares do Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
| | - Andrea De Lorenzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil.,Mestrado profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares do Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
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23
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Does Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Cause Systemic Microvascular Dysfunction? J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:e381-e384. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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De Lorenzo A, Van Bavel D, de Moraes R, Tibiriça EV. High-intensity interval training or continuous training, combined or not with fasting, in obese or overweight women with cardiometabolic risk factors: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019304. [PMID: 29705753 PMCID: PMC5931292 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical inactivity and increased caloric intake play important roles in the pathophysiology of obesity. Increasing physical activity and modifying eating behaviours are first-line interventions, frequently hampered by lack of time to exercise and difficulties in coping with different diets. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) may be a time-efficient method compared with moderate-intensity continuous training (CT). Conversely, diets with a fasting component may be more effective than other complex and restrictive diets, as it essentially limits caloric intake to a specified period without major diet composition changes. Therefore, the combination of HIIT and fasting may provide incremental benefits in terms of effectiveness and time efficiency in obese and sedentary populations. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of HIIT versus CT, combined or not with fasting, on microcirculatory function, cardiometabolic parameters, anthropometric indices, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life in a population of sedentary overweight or obese women with cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Sedentary women aged 30-50 years, with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 and cardiometabolic risk factors, will be randomised to HIIT performed in the fasting state, HIIT performed in the fed state, CT in the fasting state or CT in the fed state. Cardiometabolic parameters, anthropometric indices, cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life and microvascular function (cutaneous capillary density and microvascular reactivity evaluated by laser speckle contrast imaging) will be evaluated before initiation of the interventions and 16 weeks thereafter. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and has been approved by the local ethics committee (Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). All patients provide written informed consent before enrolment and randomisation. The study's results will be disseminated to the healthcare community by publications and presentations at scientific meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03236285.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea De Lorenzo
- Research and Teaching Department, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diogo Van Bavel
- Research and Teaching Department, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roger de Moraes
- Physical Education Department, Estacio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo V Tibiriça
- Research and Teaching Department, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Nelson DA, Leavesley SJ, Zirlott CD, Yang XM, Downey JM. Feasibility of using thermal response to K a band millimeter wave heating to assess skin blood flow. Physiol Meas 2018. [PMID: 29513271 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aab4d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Implementation of clinical guidelines for diagnosing peripheral artery disease will demand screening many millions of patients who are considered at-risk. This will require faster, easier screening technologies to identify patients with compromised blood flow to the extremities. APPROACH The feasibility of using surface temperature response to Ka band (26.5-40 GHz) near-field irradiation to assess skin blood flow was explored using an animal model. Ears of domestic rabbits were subjected to low-power continuous wave radio frequency heating from an open-ended waveguide (WR-28) at f = 35 GHz. Three flow conditions were evaluated: (1) a baseline flow condition, (2) occluded flow and (3) reactive hyperemia. Surface temperatures were monitored continuously by means of an infrared thermography camera during each 2 min exposure. MAIN RESULTS Ensemble average results showed significant differences (p < .05) at exposure times 30, 60, 90 and 120 s between baseline and occluded conditions, and between baseline and reactive hyperemia conditions. The occluded condition (N = 12) resulted in an average temperature increase of 21.4 °C ± 3.9 after 2 min, compared with an average increase of 12.1 °C ± 1.6 for baseline conditions (N = 9) and 4.7 °C ± 3.6 for post-occlusion/hyperemic conditions (N = 8). SIGNIFICANCE Results are compared with the results of a simple two parameter mathematical model. These results suggest a method for non-invasive skin blood flow assessment to screen for peripheral artery disease and associated risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Nelson
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, United States of America. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
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26
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Tibirica E, Barcelos A, Lamas C. Data set characterizing the systemic alterations of microvascular reactivity and capillary density, in patients presenting with infective endocarditis. Data Brief 2018; 18:480-491. [PMID: 29900205 PMCID: PMC5996261 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This article represents data associated with a prior publication from our research group, under the title: Evaluation of microvascular endothelial function and capillary density in patients with infective endocarditis using laser speckle contrast imaging and video-capillaroscopy [1]. Patients with definite infective endocarditis, under stable clinical conditions, were prospectively included. The clinical and laboratory features are presented for each of them in raw form. Microvascular reactivity was evaluated using a laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) system with a laser wavelength of 785 nm. LSCI was used in combination with the iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) for the noninvasive, continuous measurement of cutaneous microvascular perfusion changes in arbitrary perfusion units (APU). The images were analyzed using the manufacturer's software. One skin site on the ventral surface of the forearm was chosen for the experiment. Microvascular reactivity was also evaluated using post-occlusive reactive hyperemia, whereby arterial occlusion was achieved with supra-systolic pressure (50 mmHg above the systolic arterial pressure) using a sphygmomanometer for three minutes. Following the release of pressure, maximum flux was measured. Data on cutaneous microvascular density were obtained using intravital video-capillaroscopy. The data obtained may be helpful by showing the usefulness of laser-based noninvasive techniques in systemic infectious diseases other than sepsis, in different clinical settings and countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Tibirica
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda Barcelos
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Lamas
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Unigranrio University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Barcelos A, Tibirica E, Lamas C. Evaluation of microvascular endothelial function and capillary density in patients with infective endocarditis using laser speckle contrast imaging and video-capillaroscopy. Microvasc Res 2018; 118:61-68. [PMID: 29501536 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the systemic microcirculation of patients with infective endocarditis (IE). METHODS This is a comparative study of patients with definite IE by the modified Duke criteria admitted to our center for treatment. A reference group of sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers was included. Microvascular flow was evaluated in the forearm using a laser speckle contrast imaging system, for noninvasive measurement of cutaneous microvascular perfusion, in combination with skin iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to test microvascular reactivity. Microvascular density was evaluated using skin video-capillaroscopy. RESULTS We studied 22 patients with IE; 15 were male and seven female. The mean age and standard deviation (SD) were 45.5 ± 17.3 years. Basal skin microvascular conductance was significantly increased in patients with IE, compared with healthy individuals (0.36 ± 0.13 versus 0.21 ± 0.08 APU/mmHg; P < 0.0001). The increase in microvascular conductance induced by ACh in patients was 0.21 ± 0.17 and in the reference group, it was 0.37 ± 0.14 APU/mmHg (P = 0.0012). The increase in microvascular conductance induced by SNP in patients was 0.18 ± 0.14 and it was 0.29 ± 0.15 APU/mmHg (P = 0.0140) in the reference group. The basal mean skin capillary density of patients (135 ± 24 capillaries/mm2) was significantly higher, compared with controls (97 ± 21 capillaries/mm2; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The main findings in the microcirculation of patients with IE were greater basal vasodilation and a reduction of the endothelium-dependent and -independent microvascular reactivity, as well as greater functional skin capillary density compared to healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Barcelos
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibirica
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Lamas
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; UnigranrioUniversity, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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28
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Sanchez-Garcia ME, Ramirez-Lara I, Gomez-Delgado F, Yubero-Serrano EM, Leon-Acuña A, Marin C, Alcala-Diaz JF, Camargo A, Lopez-Moreno J, Perez-Martinez P, Tinahones FJ, Ordovas JM, Caballero J, Blanco-Molina A, Lopez-Miranda J, Delgado-Lista J. Evaluación cuantitativa de los cambios microvasculares capilaroscópicos en pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica establecida. Med Clin (Barc) 2018; 150:131-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Koçak HE, Filiz Acıpayam AŞ, Acıpayam H, Çakıl Erdoğan B, Alakhras WME, Kıral MN, Keskin M, Kayhan FT. Microvascular dysfunction affects the development and prognosis of sudden idiopathic hearing loss. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:602-607. [PMID: 27762099 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to investigate whether systemic microvascular function affects the development and prognosis of sudden idiopathic hearing loss (SHL). TYPE OF STUDY A prospective case-control study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty patients diagnosed with SHL at our hospital between September 2015 and May 2016 were included as the SHL group, and 50 healthy volunteers who came to the hospital for medical screening were included in the control group. Thirty-one patients from the SHL group who responded to treatment and 19 patients who did not respond to treatment were identified according to the Siegel criteria and were grouped. Patients with comorbid disorders were excluded from the study. To determine microvascular function, the videocapillaroscopic examination was conducted from the nailfold, measuring the capillary density (CD) and post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) values and statistical analysis was performed between the groups. RESULT While CD was an average of 83.1 ± 6 in the SHL group, it was measured as 96.2 ± 10 in the control group. The CD value was significantly lower in the SHL group than the control group (P < 0.05). While the average PORH value in the SHL group was 80.5 ± 7.7, it was measured as 97.5 ± 10 in the control group. The PORH value was significantly lower in the SHL group than the control group (P < 0.05). The CD value did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between the group that responded to treatment (83.4 ± 5.5) and the group that did not respond to treatment (82.7 ± 6.9). The PORH value was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the group that did not respond to treatment (75.2 ± 7.9) than the group that did (83.8 ± 5.6). CONCLUSION To our best knowledge, our study is the first study in the literature. Although the role of specific mechanisms in SHL is not entirely understood, the capillaroscopic examination can show the importance of microvascular function in SHL. CD and PORH values were found to be low in SHL patients, and a low PORH value was found to be a factor of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Koçak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Ş Filiz Acıpayam
- Department of Dermatology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Acıpayam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Çakıl Erdoğan
- Department of Dermatology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - W M E Alakhras
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M N Kıral
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Keskin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F T Kayhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Triantafyllou A, Anyfanti P, Triantafyllou G, Zabulis X, Aslanidis S, Douma S. Impaired metabolic profile is a predictor of capillary rarefaction in a population of hypertensive and normotensive individuals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 10:640-6. [PMID: 27265366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Capillary rarefaction is typically encountered in essential hypertension, yet identification of factors interfering with this phenomenon remains substantially underinvestigated. We examined whether components of metabolic profile (dyslipidemia, insulin resistance), inflammatory (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), and angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor) factors are implicated in this phenomenon in a population of newly diagnosed, never-treated hypertensive patients and normotensive controls. Nailfold capillary density was estimated with nailfold capillaroscopy using specifically designed software. A total of 159 individuals, 93 hypertensives, and 66 normotensives were included. Nailfold capillary density was lower among hypertensives compared to normotensives (146.4 ± 31.0 vs. 155.4 ± 26.9, respectively; P = .047). In the total population, capillary density significantly correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (r = 0.232; P = .003), HDL/low-density lipoprotein ratio (r = 0.175; P = .025), age (r = 0.236; P = .003), but neither with vascular endothelial growth factor or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. An inverse association was found with body mass index (r = -0.174; P = .029), insulin levels (r = -0.200; P = .018), and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (r = -0.223; P = .009). In the separate analysis for the hypertensive population, sex (P = .014) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (P = .011) were identified as significant predictors of capillary rarefaction after adjustment for other factors. On the contrary, only HDL levels (P = .036) predicted capillary density in the multiple regression model for the normotensive population. Different aspects of impaired metabolic profile, that is, insulin resistance and low HDL levels, but not angiogenic or inflammatory markers, appear to be independently associated with capillary rarefaction in hypertensive and normotensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Triantafyllou
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiota Anyfanti
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Georgios Triantafyllou
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Xenophon Zabulis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Spyros Aslanidis
- 2nd Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Douma
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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31
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Östlund Papadogeorgos N, Jörneskog G, Bengtsson M, Kahan T, Kalani M. Severely impaired microvascular reactivity in diabetic patients with an acute coronary syndrome. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:66. [PMID: 27095564 PMCID: PMC4837627 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0385-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microvascular function is impaired in patients with stable coronary artery disease. The aim was to study microvascular function in patients with diabetes and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Microvascular function was evaluated in 83 patients by laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF) [PU; perfusion unit, median (interquartile range)] measuring resting LDF and peak LDF following a six min heating of the skin to 44 °C at the foot, respectively. All patients with ACS and without previously known diabetes underwent oral glucose tolerance test. Thirty-nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus free from coronary artery disease served as controls. Results Peak LDF was significantly (P = 0.03) lower in patients with ACS and diabetes (n = 22; 72 (52)) and diabetes without coronary artery disease (n = 39; 69 (51)) as compared to patients with ACS without diabetes (n = 46; 97 (60)), and patients without ACS (n = 15; 140 (121)), respectively. Patients with ACS (n = 68) had significantly (P = 0.04) lower peak LDF (92 (49)) as compared to patients without ACS (n = 15) (140 (121)). Conclusion Microvascular reactivity is severely impaired in patients with diabetes and ACS. Diabetes has a major influence on microvascular function in patients with coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gun Jörneskog
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Kahan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Majid Kalani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Chen YW, Guo JY, Tzeng SY, Chou TC, Lin MJ, Huang LLH, Yang CC, Hsu CK, Tseng SH. Toward reliable retrieval of functional information of papillary dermis using spatially resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:542-558. [PMID: 26977361 PMCID: PMC4771470 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.000542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Spatially resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (SRDRS) has been employed to quantify tissue optical properties and its interrogation volume is majorly controlled by the source-to-detector separations (SDSs). To noninvasively quantify properties of dermis, a SRDRS setup that includes SDS shorter than 1 mm is required. It will be demonstrated in this study that Monte Carlo simulations employing the Henyey-Greenstein phase function cannot always precisely predict experimentally measured diffuse reflectance at such short SDSs, and we speculated this could be caused by the non-negligible backward light scattering at short SDSs that cannot be properly modeled by the Henyey-Greenstein phase function. To accurately recover the optical properties and functional information of dermis using SRDRS, we proposed the use of the modified two-layer (MTL) geometry. Monte Carlo simulations and phantom experiment results revealed that the MTL probing geometry was capable of faithfully recovering the optical properties of upper dermis. The capability of the MTL geometry in probing the upper dermis properties was further verified through a swine study, and it was found that the measurement results were reasonably linked to histological findings. Finally, the MTL probe was utilized to study psoriatic lesions. Our results showed that the MTL probe was sensitive to the physiological condition of tissue volumes within the papillary dermis and could be used in studying the physiology of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors
| | - Jun-Yen Guo
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors
| | - Shih-Yu Tzeng
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chun Chou
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | | | - Chao-Chun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hao Tseng
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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Barwick A, Lanting S, Chuter V. Intra-tester and inter-tester reliability of post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia measurement at the hallux. Microvasc Res 2015; 99:67-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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