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Bragg PE, Maust MD, Panaccione DG. Ergot Alkaloid Biosynthesis in the Maize (Zea mays) Ergot Fungus Claviceps gigantea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10703-10710. [PMID: 29172518 PMCID: PMC5800402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of the dihydrogenated forms of ergot alkaloids is of interest because many of the ergot alkaloids used as pharmaceuticals may be derived from dihydrolysergic acid (DHLA) or its precursor dihydrolysergol. The maize (Zea mays) ergot pathogen Claviceps gigantea has been reported to produce dihydrolysergol, a hydroxylated derivative of the common ergot alkaloid festuclavine. We hypothesized expression of C. gigantea cloA in a festuclavine-accumulating mutant of the fungus Neosartorya fumigata would yield dihydrolysergol because the P450 monooxygenase CloA from other fungi performs similar oxidation reactions. We engineered such a strain, and high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated the modified strain produced DHLA, the fully oxidized product of dihydrolysergol. Accumulation of high concentrations of DHLA in field-collected C. gigantea sclerotia and discovery of a mutation in the gene lpsA, downstream from DHLA formation, supported our finding that DHLA rather than dihydrolysergol is the end product of the C. gigantea pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E. Bragg
- Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, Genetics and Developmental Biology Program, West Virginia University, 333 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Matthew D. Maust
- Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, Genetics and Developmental Biology Program, West Virginia University, 333 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Protea Biosciences, 1311 Pineview Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Daniel G. Panaccione
- Protea Biosciences, 1311 Pineview Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
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Rossman AY, Allen WC, Braun U, Castlebury LA, Chaverri P, Crous PW, Hawksworth DL, Hyde KD, Johnston P, Lombard L, Romberg M, Samson RA, Seifert KA, Stone JK, Udayanga D, White JF. Overlooked competing asexual and sexually typified generic names of Ascomycota with recommendations for their use or protection. IMA Fungus 2016; 7:289-308. [PMID: 27990336 PMCID: PMC5159600 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.02.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
With the change to one scientific name for fungal species, numerous papers have been published with recommendations for use or protection of competing generic names in major groups of ascomycetes. Although genera in each group of fungi were carefully considered, some competing generic names were overlooked. This paper makes recommendations for additional competing genera not considered in previous papers. Chairs of relevant Working Groups of the ICTF were consulted in the development of these recommendations. A number of generic names need protection, specifically Amarenographium over Amarenomyces, Amniculicola over Anguillospora, Balansia over Ephelis, Claviceps over Sphacelia, Drepanopeziza over Gloeosporidiella and Gloeosporium, Golovinomyces over Euoidium, Holwaya over Crinium, Hypocrella over Aschersonia, Labridella over Griphosphaerioma, Metacapnodium over Antennularia, and Neonectria over Cylindrocarpon and Heliscus. The following new combinations are made: Amniculicola longissima, Atichia maunauluana, Diaporthe columnaris, D. liquidambaris, D. longiparaphysata, D. palmicola, D. tersa, Elsinoë bucidae, E.caricae, E. choisyae, E. paeoniae, E. psidii, E. zorniae, Eupelte shoemakeri, Godronia myrtilli, G. raduloides, Sarcinella mirabilis, S. pulchra, Schizothyrium jamaicense, and Trichothallus niger. Finally, one new species name, Diaporthe azadirachte, is introduced to validate an earlier name, and the conservation of Discula with a new type, D. destructiva, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Y Rossman
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - W Cavan Allen
- Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Uwe Braun
- Martin Luther University, Institute of Biology, Department of Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lisa A Castlebury
- Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro San José, Costa Rica
| | - Pedro W Crous
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David L Hawksworth
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Kevin D Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Peter Johnston
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Lorenzo Lombard
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Megan Romberg
- USDA-APHIS National Identification Services, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Rob A Samson
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Keith A Seifert
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey K Stone
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Dhanushka Udayanga
- Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - James F White
- Department of Plant Biology & Pathology, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Rd., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Muthusubramanian V, Bandyopadhyay R, Rajaram Reddy D, Tooley PW. Cultural characteristics, morphology, and variation within Claviceps africana and C. sorghi from India. MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2006; 110:452-64. [PMID: 16556494 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2005.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2005] [Revised: 11/14/2005] [Accepted: 12/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sorghum ergot in India is caused by Claviceps africana and C. sorghi. The distributions of these two species in India is not known. Eighty-nine sorghum ergot isolates were cultured from young sphacelia obtained from male sterile sorghum plants artificially inoculated using inoculum collected in the field. Based on cultural characteristics, the isolates were separated into two groups which differed distinctly in the morphology of their sphacelia, conidia, and sclerotia. Marked differences also were observed in rates of secondary conidial production and disease spread between the groups. In combination with molecular evidence, our results confirm that the isolates placed in Group I represent C. africana and Group II isolates represent C. sorghi. C. africana was found to be widely distributed in all sorghum growing areas of India. The species first described as occuring in India, C. sorghi, appears to be restricted to a few locations in the states of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka.
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