1
|
Giraldo D, Saldarriaga C, García H, López M, González A. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of resistance to fenhexamid, carboxin, and, prochloraz, in Botrytis cinerea isolates collected from cut roses in Colombia. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1378597. [PMID: 39144215 PMCID: PMC11323744 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1378597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Gray mold, caused by Botrytis sp., is a significant disease in Colombian rose crops and its control depends primarily on the intensive use of chemically synthesized fungicides. Despite the importance of this pathogen, there is limited information in Colombian floriculture about molecular taxonomy of species, fungicide resistance of populations and their genetic mechanism of resistance. In this study, we analyze 12 isolates of this fungus collected from rose-producing crops in the Department of Cundinamarca and conducted phylogenetic analysis using HSP60, G3PDH, and RPB2 gene sequences. Additionally, we realize phenotypic and genotypic characterization of resistance to the fungicides fenhexamid, carboxin, and prochloraz, evaluating the in vitro EC50 and presence of mutations of target genes of each isolate. All isolates were characterized as Botrytis cinerea in the phylogenetic analysis and presents different levels of resistance to each fungicide. These levels are related to mutations in target genes, with predominancy of L195F and L400F in the ERG27 gene to fenhexamid resistance, H272R/Y in the SDHB gene for carboxin resistance, and Y136F in the CYP51 gene for prochloraz resistance. Finally, these mutations were not related to morphological changes. Collectively, this knowledge, presented for the first time to the Colombian floriculture, contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and population of B. cinerea from rose-producing crops in the department of Cundinamarca, and serve as a valuable tool for making informed decisions regarding disease management, future research, and improving crop management and sustainability in the Colombian floriculture industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Giraldo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Catalina Saldarriaga
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Miguel López
- Laboratorios Diagnofruit Colombia, Cajicá, Colombia
| | - Adriana González
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Teixeira EAA, de Souza LMD, Vieira R, Lirio JM, Coria SH, Convey P, Rosa CA, Rosa LH. Enzymes and biosurfactants of industrial interest produced by culturable fungi present in sediments of Boeckella Lake, Hope Bay, north-east Antarctic Peninsula. Extremophiles 2024; 28:30. [PMID: 38907846 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-024-01345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This study characterized cultivable fungi present in sediments obtained from Boeckella Lake, Hope Bay, in the north-east of the Antarctic Peninsula, and evaluated their production of enzymes and biosurfactants of potential industrial interest. A total of 116 fungal isolates were obtained, which were classified into 16 genera within the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota, in rank. The most abundant genera of filamentous fungi included Pseudogymnoascus, Pseudeurotium and Antarctomyces; for yeasts, Thelebolales and Naganishia taxa were dominant. Overall, the lake sediments exhibited high fungal diversity and moderate richness and dominance. The enzymes esterase, cellulase and protease were the most abundantly produced by these fungi. Ramgea cf. ozimecii, Holtermanniella wattica, Leucosporidium creatinivorum, Leucosporidium sp., Mrakia blollopis, Naganishia sp. and Phenoliferia sp. displayed enzymatic index > 2. Fourteen isolates of filamentous fungi demonstrated an Emulsification Index 24% (EI24%) ≥ 50%; among them, three isolates of A. psychrotrophicus showed an EI24% > 80%. Boeckella Lake itself is in the process of drying out due to the impact of regional climate change, and may be lost completely in approaching decades, therefore hosts a threatened community of cultivable fungi that produce important biomolecules with potential application in biotechnological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Amorim Amâncio Teixeira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Láuren Machado Drumond de Souza
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Vieira
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile
| | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
da Silva MK, Barreto DLC, Vieira R, Neto AA, de Oliveira FS, Convey P, Rosa CA, Duarte AWF, Rosa LH. Diversity and enzymatic, biosurfactant and phytotoxic activities of culturable Ascomycota fungi present in marine sediments obtained near the South Shetland Islands, maritime Antarctica. Extremophiles 2024; 28:20. [PMID: 38493412 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-024-01336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
We studied the culturable fungal community recovered from deep marine sediments in the maritime Antarctic, and assessed their capabilities to produce exoenzymes, emulsifiers and metabolites with phytotoxic activity. Sixty-eight Ascomycota fungal isolates were recovered and identified. The most abundant taxon recovered was the yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii, followed by the filamentous fungi Penicillium chrysogenum, P. cf. palitans, Pseudeurotium cf. bakeri, Thelebolus balaustiformis, Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus and Cladosporium sp. Diversity indices displayed low values overall, with the highest values obtained at shallow depth, decreasing to the deepest location sampled. Only M. guilliermondii and P. cf. palitans were detected in the sediments at all depths sampled, and were the most abundant taxa at all sample sites. The most abundant enzymes detected were proteases, followed by invertases, cellulases, lipases, carrageenases, agarases, pectinases and esterases. Four isolates showed good biosurfactant activity, particularly the endemic species A. psychrotrophicus. Twenty-four isolates of P. cf. palitans displayed strong phytotoxic activities against the models Lactuca sativa and Allium schoenoprasum. The cultivable fungi recovered demonstrated good biosynthetic activity in the production of hydrolytic exoenzymes, biosurfactant molecules and metabolites with phytotoxic activity, reinforcing the importance of documenting the taxonomic, ecological and biotechnological properties of fungi present in deep oceanic sediments of the Southern Ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayanne Karla da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora Luiza Costa Barreto
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Vieira
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Arthur Ayres Neto
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile
| | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghaderi F, Habibi A, Sharifnabi B. Phylogenetic Analysis of Phaeosphaeria Species Using Mating Type Genes and Distribution of Mating Types in Iran. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:78-89. [PMID: 35385914 PMCID: PMC9343902 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.10.2021.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phaeosphaeria species are pathogenic on wheat, barley and a wide range of wild grasses. To analyze mating type loci of the Phaeosphaeria species and investigate mating type distribution in Iran, we sequenced mating type loci of 273 Phaeosphaeria isolates including 67 isolates obtained from symptomatic leaves and ears of wheat, barley, and wild grasses from two wheat-growing region in Iran as well as 206 isolates from our collection from other regions in Iran which were isolated in our previous studies. Mating type genes phylogeny was successfully used to determine the species identity and relationships among isolates within the Phaeosphaeria spp. complex. In this study, we reported seven new host records for Phaeosphaeria species and the Phaeosphaeria avenaria f. sp. tritici 3 group was first reported from Iran in this study. Mating type distribution among Phaeosphaeria species was determined. Both mating types were present in all sampling regions from Iran. We observed skewed distribution of mating types in one region (Kohgiluyeh va Boyer-Ahmad) and equal distribution in the other region (Bushehr). However, when considering our entire dataset of 273 Iranian Phaeosphaeria isolates, the ratio of mating types was not deviated significantly from 1:1 suggesting possibilities for isolates of opposite mating type to interact and reproduce sexually, although the sexual cycle may infrequently occur in some regions especially when the climatic conditions are unfavorable for teleomorph development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Ghaderi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj 7591874831, Iran
| | - Azadeh Habibi
- Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631885356, Iran
| | - Bahram Sharifnabi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
da Silva TH, Queres Gomes EC, Gonçalves VN, da Costa MC, Valério AD, de Assis Santos D, Johann S, Convey P, Rosa CA, Rosa LH. Does maritime Antarctic permafrost harbor environmental fungi with pathogenic potential? Fungal Biol 2022; 126:488-497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
6
|
Characterization and phylogeny of fungi isolated from industrial wastewater using multiple genes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2094. [PMID: 35136108 PMCID: PMC8827091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was the isolation and molecular characterization of fungi from untreated refinery effluent by using multiple conserved genes. The Fungi isolated were characterized based on PCR amplification and genomic sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), partial β-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), and RNA polymerase second large subunit (RPB2) genes, along with morphological characterization. The obtained sequences were subjected to BLAST analysis and the corresponding fungal isolates were assigned species names after comparison with representative sequences available in GenBank. Fifteen (15) Fungi species belonging to four genera of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, and Trichoderma with Aspergillus as the predominant genus were identified. Therefore these genes should be used as molecular markers for species level identification of fungi (especially Aspergillus and Penicillium as proven in this study.
Collapse
|
7
|
MENEZES GRACIÉLECDE, PORTO BÁRBARAA, RADICCHI GERUSAA, SOARES FERNANDAC, ZARANKIN ANDRÉS, ROSA LUIZH. Fungal impact on archaeological materials collected at Byers Peninsula Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210218. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
8
|
Martínez-Ríos M, Martín-Torrijos L, Diéguez-Uribeondo J. The invasive alien red-eared slider turtle, Trachemys scripta, as a carrier of STEF-disease pathogens. Fungal Biol 2021; 126:113-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Plant-associated Fungi: Methods for Taxonomy, Diversity, and Bioactive Secondary Metabolite Bioprospecting. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33161542 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1040-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Plants harbor a large reservoir of fungal diversity, encompassing endophytic, epiphytic, phytopathogenic, and rhizosphere-associated fungi. Despite this diversity, relatively few fungal species have been characterized as sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. The role of secondary metabolites is still not fully understood; however, it is suggested that these metabolites play important roles in defense mechanisms and fungal interactions with other organisms. Hence, fungal secondary metabolites have potential biotechnological applications as prototype molecules for the development of therapeutic drugs. In this chapter, we describe the main methods used for routine fungi isolation, production of crude fungal extracts, and chemical characterization of bioactive compounds. In addition, explicative notes about the steps described are provided to explore the diversity of the endophytic, phytopathogenic, epiphytic, and rhizosphere fungi and to evaluate the biotechnological potential of each group.
Collapse
|
10
|
da Silva TH, Silva DAS, de Oliveira FS, Schaefer CEGR, Rosa CA, Rosa LH. Diversity, distribution, and ecology of viable fungi in permafrost and active layer of Maritime Antarctica. Extremophiles 2020; 24:565-576. [PMID: 32405812 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-020-01176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the diversity and distribution of viable fungi present in permafrost and active layers obtained from three islands of Maritime Antarctica. A total of 213 fungal isolates were recovered from the permafrost, and 351 from the active layer, which were identified in 58 taxa; 27 from permafrost and 31 from the active layer. Oidiodendron, Penicillium, and Pseudogymnoascus taxa were the most abundant in permafrost. Bionectriaceae, Helotiales, Mortierellaceae, and Pseudeurotium were the most abundant in the active layer. Only five shared both substrates. The yeast Mrakia blollopis represented is the first reported on Antarctic permafrost. The fungal diversity detected was moderate to high, and composed of cosmopolitan, cold-adapted, and endemic taxa, reported as saprobic, mutualistic, and parasitic species. Our results demonstrate that permafrost shelters viable fungi across the Maritime Antarctica, and that they are contrasting to the overlying active layer. We detected important fungal taxa represented by potential new species, particularly, those genetically close to Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which can cause extinction of bats in North America and Eurasia. The detection of viable fungi trapped in permafrost deserves further studies on the extension of its fungal diversity and its capability to expand from permafrost to other habitats in Antarctica, and elsewhere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thamar Holanda da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Soares de Oliveira
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
de Menezes GCA, Porto BA, Amorim SS, Zani CL, de Almeida Alves TM, Junior PAS, Murta SMF, Simões JC, Cota BB, Rosa CA, Rosa LH. Fungi in glacial ice of Antarctica: diversity, distribution and bioprospecting of bioactive compounds. Extremophiles 2020; 24:367-376. [PMID: 32157393 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-020-01161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We identified cultivable fungi present in the glacial ice fragments collected in nine sites across Antarctica Peninsula and assessed their abilities to produce bioactive compounds. Three ice fragments with approximately 20 kg were collected, melted and 3 L filtered through of 0.45 µm sterilized membranes, which were placed on the media Sabouraud agar and minimal medium incubated at 10 °C. We collected 66 isolates classified into 27 taxa of 14 genera. Penicillium palitans, Penicillium sp. 1, Thelebolus balaustiformis, Glaciozyma antarctica, Penicillium sp. 7, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Rhodotorula dairenensis had the highest frequencies. The diversity and richness of the fungal community were high with moderate dominance. Penicillium species were present in all samples, with Penicillium chrysogenum showing the broadest distribution. P. chrysogenum, P. palitans, and Penicillium spp. had trypanocidal, leishmanicidal, and herbicidal activities, with P. chrysogenum having the broadest and highest capability. 1H NMR signals revealed the presence of highly functionalized secondary metabolites in the bioactive extracts. Despite extreme environmental conditions, glacial ice harbours a diverse fungal community, including species never before recorded in the Arctic and Antarctica. Among them, Penicillium taxa may represent wild fungal strains with genetic and biochemical pathways that may produce new secondary bioactive metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graciéle Cunha Alves de Menezes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Alves Porto
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Soraya Sander Amorim
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jefferson Cardia Simões
- Centro Polar e Climático, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sica VP, Rees ER, Tchegnon E, Bardsley RH, Raja HA, Oberlies NH. Spatial and Temporal Profiling of Griseofulvin Production in Xylaria cubensis Using Mass Spectrometry Mapping. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:544. [PMID: 27199902 PMCID: PMC4844619 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A large portion of natural products research revolves around the discovery of new, bioactive chemical entities; however, studies to probe the biological purpose of such secondary metabolites for the host organism are often limited. Mass spectrometry mapping of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in situ can be used to probe a series of ecological questions about fungi that may be lost through traditional natural products chemistry extraction protocols. A griseofulvin-producing fungal culture of the Xylariaceae family, isolated as an endophyte of the tree Asimina triloba, was analyzed through a series of spatial and temporal mapping experiments. This fungus produced unique fungal characteristics, such as guttates and stroma, both of which were explored spatially. The distribution of griseofulvin on this culture in isolation was compared to its dispersal when grown in co-culture with a competing Penicillium species via a droplet–based surface sampling system. The fungistatic properties of griseofulvin were visualized, including the consequences for biosynthesis of polyhydroxyanthraquinones in a rival culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent P Sica
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Evan R Rees
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Edem Tchegnon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Robert H Bardsley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mujahid H, Tan F, Zhang J, Nallamilli BRR, Pendarvis K, Peng Z. Nuclear proteome response to cell wall removal in rice (Oryza sativa). Proteome Sci 2013; 11:26. [PMID: 23777608 PMCID: PMC3695858 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-11-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cells are routinely exposed to various pathogens and environmental stresses that cause cell wall perturbations. Little is known of the mechanisms that plant cells use to sense these disturbances and transduce corresponding signals to regulate cellular responses to maintain cell wall integrity. Previous studies in rice have shown that removal of the cell wall leads to substantial chromatin reorganization and histone modification changes concomitant with cell wall re-synthesis. But the genes and proteins that regulate these cellular responses are still largely unknown. Here we present an examination of the nuclear proteome differential expression in response to removal of the cell wall in rice suspension cells using multiple nuclear proteome extraction methods. A total of 382 nuclear proteins were identified with two or more peptides, including 26 transcription factors. Upon removal of the cell wall, 142 nuclear proteins were up regulated and 112 were down regulated. The differentially expressed proteins included transcription factors, histones, histone domain containing proteins, and histone modification enzymes. Gene ontology analysis of the differentially expressed proteins indicates that chromatin & nucleosome assembly, protein-DNA complex assembly, and DNA packaging are tightly associated with cell wall removal. Our results indicate that removal of the cell wall imposes a tremendous challenge to the cells. Consequently, plant cells respond to the removal of the cell wall in the nucleus at every level of the regulatory hierarchy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Mujahid
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the Planistromellaceae including its coelomycetous anamorphs: contributions towards a monograph of the genus Kellermania. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 2012; 29:11-28. [PMID: 23606762 PMCID: PMC3589788 DOI: 10.3767/003158512x658766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The core species of the family Planistromellaceae are included in the teleomorphic genera Planistroma and Planistromella and the connected anamorphic, coelomycetous genera Alpakesa, Kellermania, and Piptarthron. These genera have been defined primarily on the basis of ascospore septation or number of conidial appendages. Due to a lack of DNA sequence data, phylogenetic placement of these genera within the Dothideomycetes, evaluation of monophyly, and questions about generic boundaries could not be adequately addressed in the past. Isolates of nearly all of the known species in these genera were studied genetically and morphologically. DNA sequence data were generated for the nSSU, ITS, nLSU, and RPB1 markers and analysed phylogenetically. These results placed the Planistromellaceae, herein recognised as a distinct family, in an unresolved position relative to other genera within the order Botryosphaeriales. Species representing the core genera of the Planistromellaceae formed a clade and evaluation of its topology revealed that previous morphology-based definitions of genera resulted in an artificial classification system. Alpakesa, Kellermania, Piptarthron, Planistroma, and Planistromella are herein recognised as belonging to the single genus Kellermania. The following new combinations are proposed: Kellermania crassispora, K. dasylirionis, K. macrospora, K. plurilocularis, and K. unilocularis. Five new species are described, namely K. con- fusa, K. dasylirionicola, K. micranthae, K. ramaleyae, and K. rostratae. Descriptions of species in vitro and a key to species known from culture are provided.
Collapse
|
15
|
Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of Phaeosphaeria nodorum and its close relatives indicate cryptic species and an origin in the Fertile Crescent. Fungal Genet Biol 2012; 49:882-95. [PMID: 22922546 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The origin of the fungal wheat pathogen Phaeosphaeria nodorum remains unclear despite earlier intensive global population genetic and phylogeographical studies. We sequenced 1683 bp distributed across three loci in 355 globally distributed Phaeosphaeria isolates, including 74 collected in Iran near the center of origin of wheat. We identified nine phylogenetically distinct clades, including two previously unknown species tentatively named P1 and P2 collected in Iran. Coalescent analysis indicates that P1 and P2 are sister species of P. nodorum and the other Phaeosphaeria species identified in our analysis. Two species, P. nodorum and P. avenaria f. sp. tritici 1 (Pat1), comprised ~85% of the sampled isolates, making them the dominant wheat-infecting pathogens within the species complex. We designed a PCR-RFLP assay to distinguish P. nodorum from Pat1. Approximately 4% of P. nodorum and Pat1 isolates showed evidence of hybridization. Measures of private allelic richness at SSR and sequence loci suggest that the center of origin of P. nodorum coincides with its host in the Fertile Crescent. We hypothesize that the origin of this species complex is also in the Fertile Crescent, with four species out of nine found exclusively in the Iranian collections.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan ZL, Su ZZ, Mao LJ, Peng YQ, Yang GM, Lin FC, Zhang CL. Distinctive endophytic fungal assemblage in stems of wild rice (Oryza granulata) in China with special reference to two species of Muscodor (Xylariaceae). J Microbiol 2011; 49:15-23. [PMID: 21369974 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-011-0213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ecological niches in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of grasses capable of sustaining endophytes have been extensively studied. In contrast, little information regarding the identity and functions of endophytic fungi in stems is available. In this study, we investigated the taxonomic affinities, diversity, and host specificities of culturable endophytes in stems of wild rice (Oryza granulata) in China. Seventy-four isolates were recovered. Low recovery rate (11.7%) indicated that there were relatively few sites for fungal infection. Identification using morphology, morphospecies sorting, and molecular techniques resulted in classification into 50 taxa, 36 of which were recovered only once. Nucleotide sequence similarity analysis indicated that 30% of the total taxa recovered were highly divergent from known species and thus may represent lineages new to science. Most of the taxa were classified as members of the classes Sordariomycetes or Dothideomycetes (mainly in Pleosporales). The presence of Arthrinium and Magnaporthaceae species, most often associated with poaceous plants, suggested a degree of host specificity. A polyphasic approach was employed to identify two Muscodor taxa based on (i) ITS and RPB2 phylogenies, (ii) volatile compounds produced, and (iii) an in vitro bioassay of antifungal activity. This to our knowledge is only the second report regarding the isolation of Muscodor spp. in China. Therefore, we hypothesize that wild plants represent a huge reservoir of unknown fungi. The prevalence, novelty, and species-specificity of unique isolates necessitate a reevaluation of their contribution to ecosystem function and fungal biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-lin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chilvers MI, Rogers JD, Dugan FM, Stewart JE, Chen W, Peever TL. Didymella pisi sp. nov., the teleomorph of Ascochyta pisi. MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2009; 113:391-400. [PMID: 19116165 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2008.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The anamorphic pycnidial fungus Ascochyta pisi is one member of a species complex that causes Ascochyta blight of pea, a potentially devastating disease. The teleomorphic state of this fungus was induced under laboratory conditions. Using morphological and molecular characters, we placed the teleomorph within the genus Didymella as D. pisi and describe a heterothallic mating system using a PCR-based mating type assay and in vitro crosses. We compare D. pisi with other Didymella spp. with which it might be confused.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin I Chilvers
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang CL, Malkus A, Zuzga SM, Chang PFL, Cunfer BM, Arseniuk E, Ueng PP. Diversity of the trifunctional histidine biosynthesis gene (his) in cereal Phaeosphaeria species. Genome 2007; 50:595-609. [PMID: 17632581 DOI: 10.1139/g07-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phaeosphaeria species are important causal agents of Stagonospora leaf blotch diseases in cereals. In this study, the nucleotide sequence and deduced polypeptide of the trifunctional histidine biosynthesis gene (his) are used to investigate the phylogenetic relationships and provide molecular identification among cereal Phaeosphaeria species. The full-length sequences of the his gene were obtained by PCR amplification and compared among cereal Phaeosphaeria species. The coding sequence of the his gene in wheat-biotype P. nodorum (PN-w) was 2697 bp. The his genes in barley-biotype P. nodorum (PN-b), two P. avenaria f. sp. triticea isolates (homothallic Pat1 and Pat3), and Phaeosphaeria species from Polish rye and dallis grass were 2694 bp. The his gene in heterothallic isolate Pat2, however, was 2693 bp because the intron had one fewer base. In P. avenaria f. sp. avenaria (Paa), the his gene was only 2670 bp long. The differences in the size of the his gene contributed to the variation in amino acid sequences in the gap region located between the phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphohydrolase and histidinol dehydrogenase sub-domains. Based on nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the his gene, Pat1 was not closely related to either PN-w or the Paa clade. It appears that rates of evolution of the his gene were fast in cereal Phaeosphaeria species. The possible involvement of meiotic recombination in genetic diversity of the his gene in P. nodorum is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Li Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Fengshan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Station, Agricultural Research Institute, Kaohsiung 830, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|