1
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Vaidya M, Kimura A, Bajaj A, Sugaya K. 3'-UTR Sequence of Exosomal NANOGP8 DNA as an Extracellular Vesicle-Localization Signal. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7294. [PMID: 39000405 PMCID: PMC11242200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are garnering attention as a safe and efficient biomolecule delivery system. EVs intrinsically play a crucial role in intercellular communication and pathophysiology by transporting functionally active DNA molecules. The internalized DNA pleiotropically affects the recipient cells. Considering these salient features, an intentional incorporation of specific DNA gene cassettes into EVs and their subsequent delivery to the target cells has potential applications in genetic engineering. Moreover, efficient ways to insert the DNA into EVs during their biogenesis is valuable. Our current research is a step in the development of this technology. As such, cancer cells are known to secrete exosomes containing increased amounts of double-stranded DNA than normal cells. The clonal analysis in our previously published data revealed that exosomes released from various cancer cells contained a significantly larger population of NANOGP8 DNA with a 22-base pair insertion in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) compared to those secreted by normal cells. This finding led us to hypothesize that the 22-base pair insertion may act as a signal to facilitate the incorporation of NANOGP8 DNA into the exosomes. To test this hypothesis, we compared the EV localization of an Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) gene fused with the NANOGP8 3'-UTR, with and without the 22-base pair insertion. The quantitative PCR analysis showed a significantly higher EGFP DNA accumulation in exosomes released from cells transfected with the gene cassette containing the 3'-UTR with the 22-base pair insertion. The discovery of a DNA localization signal in exosomal DNA's 3'-UTR could pave the way for the development of an EV-based DNA delivery system. This technology will open new possibilities in genetic engineering and innovative therapies using nucleic acid medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kiminobu Sugaya
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (M.V.); (A.K.); (A.B.)
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2
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Wei B, Huang H, Cao Q, Song X, Zhang Z. Bibliometric and visualized analysis of the applications of exosomes based drug delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116803. [PMID: 38788602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, endogenous vesicles secreted by cells, possess unique properties like high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, targeting ability, long half-life, and blood-brain barrier permeability. They serve as crucial intercellular communication vectors in physiological processes and disease occurrence. Our comprehensive analysis of exosome-based drug delivery research from 2013 to 2023 revealed 2,476 authors from 717 institutions across 33 countries. Keyword clustering identified five research areas: drug delivery, mesenchymal stem cells, cancer immunotherapy, targeting ligands, surface modifications, and macrophages. The combination of exosome drug delivery technology with a proven clinical model enables the precise targeting of tumors with chemotherapy or radiosensitising agents, as well as facilitating gene therapy. This bibliometric analysis aims to characterize the current state and advance the clinical application of exosome-based drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohua Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China
| | - Haonan Huang
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of cardiology, Shengjing hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China.
| | - Zhichang Zhang
- Department of Computer, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China.
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3
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Avila Y, Rebolledo LP, Skelly E, de Freitas Saito R, Wei H, Lilley D, Stanley RE, Hou YM, Yang H, Sztuba-Solinska J, Chen SJ, Dokholyan NV, Tan C, Li SK, He X, Zhang X, Miles W, Franco E, Binzel DW, Guo P, Afonin KA. Cracking the Code: Enhancing Molecular Tools for Progress in Nanobiotechnology. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3587-3604. [PMID: 38833534 PMCID: PMC11190997 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Nature continually refines its processes for optimal efficiency, especially within biological systems. This article explores the collaborative efforts of researchers worldwide, aiming to mimic nature's efficiency by developing smarter and more effective nanoscale technologies and biomaterials. Recent advancements highlight progress and prospects in leveraging engineered nucleic acids and proteins for specific tasks, drawing inspiration from natural functions. The focus is developing improved methods for characterizing, understanding, and reprogramming these materials to perform user-defined functions, including personalized therapeutics, targeted drug delivery approaches, engineered scaffolds, and reconfigurable nanodevices. Contributions from academia, government agencies, biotech, and medical settings offer diverse perspectives, promising a comprehensive approach to broad nanobiotechnology objectives. Encompassing topics from mRNA vaccine design to programmable protein-based nanocomputing agents, this work provides insightful perspectives on the trajectory of nanobiotechnology toward a future of enhanced biomimicry and technological innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelixza
I. Avila
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Laura P. Rebolledo
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Elizabeth Skelly
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Renata de Freitas Saito
- Comprehensive
Center for Precision Oncology, Centro de Investigação
Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento
de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de
São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São
Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Hui Wei
- College
of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - David Lilley
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Robin E. Stanley
- Signal
Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Ya-Ming Hou
- Thomas
Jefferson
University, Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, 233 South 10th Street, BLSB 220 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Haoyun Yang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Joanna Sztuba-Solinska
- Vaccine
Research and Development, Early Bioprocess Development, Pfizer Inc., 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl
River, New York 10965, United States
| | - Shi-Jie Chen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of
Data Sciences and Informatics, University
of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Nikolay V. Dokholyan
- Departments
of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Penn State College of Medicine; Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Cheemeng Tan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - S. Kevin Li
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle
College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department
of Cancer Biology, Breast Cancer Research Program, and University
of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Wayne Miles
- Department
of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Elisa Franco
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Daniel W. Binzel
- Center
for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy, James
Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center
for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy, James
Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Dorothy
M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kirill A. Afonin
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
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4
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Yang Q, Li S, Ou H, Zhang Y, Zhu G, Li S, Lei L. Exosome-based delivery strategies for tumor therapy: an update on modification, loading, and clinical application. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:41. [PMID: 38281957 PMCID: PMC10823703 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignancy is a major public health problem and among the leading lethal diseases worldwide. Although the current tumor treatment methods have therapeutic effect to a certain extent, they still have some shortcomings such as poor water solubility, short half-life, local and systemic toxicity. Therefore, how to deliver therapeutic agent so as to realize safe and effective anti-tumor therapy become a problem urgently to be solved in this field. As a medium of information exchange and material transport between cells, exosomes are considered to be a promising drug delivery carrier due to their nano-size, good biocompatibility, natural targeting, and easy modification. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the isolation, identification, drug loading, and modification of exosomes as drug carriers for tumor therapy alongside their application in tumor therapy. Basic knowledge of exosomes, such as their biogenesis, sources, and characterization methods, is also introduced herein. In addition, challenges related to the use of exosomes as drug delivery vehicles are discussed, along with future trends. This review provides a scientific basis for the application of exosome delivery systems in oncological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Haibo Ou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shaohong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Guo ZY, Tang Y, Cheng YC. Exosomes as Targeted Delivery Drug System: Advances in Exosome Loading, Surface Functionalization and Potential for Clinical Application. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:473-487. [PMID: 35702803 DOI: 10.2174/1567201819666220613150814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are subtypes of vesicles secreted by almost all cells and can play an important role in intercellular communication. They contain various proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and other natural substances from their metrocytes. Exosomes are expected to be a new generation of drug delivery systems due to their low immunogenicity, high potential to transfer bioactive substances and biocompatibility. However, exosomes themselves are not highly targeted, it is necessary to develop new surface modification techniques and targeted drug delivery strategies, which are the focus of drug delivery research. In this review, we introduced the biogenesis of exosomes and their role in intercellular communication. We listed various advanced exosome drug-loading techniques. Emphatically, we summarized different exosome surface modification techniques and targeted drug delivery strategies. In addition, we discussed the application of exosomes in vaccines and briefly introduced milk exosomes. Finally, we clarified the clinical application prospects and shortcomings of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zun Y Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Yue Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Yi C Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
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6
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Newton HS, Radwan Y, Xu J, Clogston JD, Dobrovolskaia MA, Afonin KA. Change in Lipofectamine Carrier as a Tool to Fine-Tune Immunostimulation of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles. Molecules 2023; 28:4484. [PMID: 37298960 PMCID: PMC10254523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) require a carrier to allow for their intracellular delivery to immune cells. Cytokine production, specifically type I and III interferons, allows for reliable monitoring of the carrier effect on NANP immunostimulation. Recent studies have shown that changes in the delivery platform (e.g., lipid-based carriers vs. dendrimers) can alter NANPs' immunorecognition and downstream cytokine production in various immune cell populations. Herein, we used flow cytometry and measured cytokine induction to show how compositional variations in commercially available lipofectamine carriers impact the immunostimulatory properties of NANPs with different architectural characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S. Newton
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (H.S.N.); (J.X.); (J.D.C.)
| | - Yasmine Radwan
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Jie Xu
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (H.S.N.); (J.X.); (J.D.C.)
| | - Jeffrey D. Clogston
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (H.S.N.); (J.X.); (J.D.C.)
| | - Marina A. Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (H.S.N.); (J.X.); (J.D.C.)
| | - Kirill A. Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
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7
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Sen S, Xavier J, Kumar N, Ahmad MZ, Ranjan OP. Exosomes as natural nanocarrier-based drug delivery system: recent insights and future perspectives. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:101. [PMID: 36860361 PMCID: PMC9970142 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized (size ~ 30-150 nm) natural vesicular structures released from cells by physiological processes or pathological circumstances. Exosomes are growing in popularity as a result of their many benefits over conventional nanovehicles, including their ability to escape homing in the liver or metabolic destruction and their lack of undesired accumulation before reaching their intended targets. Various therapeutic molecules, including nucleic acids, have been incorporated into exosomes by different techniques, many of which have shown satisfactory performance in various diseases. Surface-modified exosomes are a potentially effective strategy, and it increases the circulation time and produces the specific drug target vehicle. In this comprehensive review, we describe composition exosomes biogenesis and the role of exosomes in intercellular signaling and cell-cell communications, immune responses, cellular homeostasis, autophagy, and infectious diseases. In addition, we discuss the role of exosomes as diagnostic markers, and their therapeutic and clinical implications. Furthermore, we addressed the challenges and outstanding developments in exosome research and discuss future perspectives. In addition to the current status of exosomes as a therapeutic carrier, the lacuna in the clinical development lifecycles along with the possible strategies to fill the lacuna have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Sen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam 781101 India
| | - Joyal Xavier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar 844102 India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar 844102 India
| | - Mohammad Zaki Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, 11001 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Om Prakash Ranjan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam 781101 India
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8
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Vosough P, Khatami SH, Hashemloo A, Tajbakhsh A, Karimi-Fard F, Taghvimi S, Taheri-Anganeh M, Soltani Fard E, Savardashtaki A, Movahedpour A. Exosomal lncRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 540:117216. [PMID: 36592922 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.117216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, these cancers are diagnosed in advanced metastatic stages due to lack of reliable biomarkers that are sufficiently specific and sensitive in early disease. There has been growing evidence that circulating exosomes can be used to diagnose cancer non-invasively with limited risks and side effects. Furthermore, exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a new class of promising biomarkers in cancer. This review provides an overview of the extraction and detection of exosomal lncRNAs with a focus on their potential role in GIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Vosough
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Sina Taghvimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elahe Soltani Fard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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9
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Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks for the delivery of nucleic acids to cancer cells. Int J Pharm X 2023; 5:100161. [PMID: 36817971 PMCID: PMC9931914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs) are gaining increasing interest in the treatment of severe diseases including viral infections, inherited disorders, and cancers. However, the efficacy of intracellularly functioning TNAs is also reliant upon their delivery into the cellular environment, as unmodified nucleic acids are unable to cross the cell membrane mainly due to charge repulsion. Here we show that TNAs can be effectively delivered into the cellular environment using engineered nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nanoMOFs), with the additional ability to tailor which cells receive the therapeutic cargo determined by the functional moieties grafted onto the nanoMOF's surface. This study paves the way to integrate the highly ordered programmable nucleic acids into larger-scale functionalized nanoassemblies.
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10
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Cano A, Muñoz-Morales Á, Sánchez-López E, Ettcheto M, Souto EB, Camins A, Boada M, Ruíz A. Exosomes-Based Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Insights and Future Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010298. [PMID: 36678926 PMCID: PMC9863585 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a group of pathologies whose etiology remains unknown in many cases, and there are no treatments that stop the progression of such diseases. Moreover, the existence of the blood-brain barrier is an impediment to the penetration of exogenous molecules, including those found in many drugs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by a wide variety of cells, and their primary functions include intercellular communication, immune responses, human reproduction, and synaptic plasticity. Due to their natural origin and molecular similarities with most cell types, exosomes have emerged as promising therapeutic tools for numerous diseases. Specifically, neurodegenerative diseases have shown to be a potential target for this nanomedicine strategy due to the difficult access to the brain and the strategy's pathophysiological complexity. In this regard, this review explores the most important biological-origin drug delivery systems, innovative isolation methods of exosomes, their physicochemical characterization, drug loading, cutting-edge functionalization strategies to target them within the brain, the latest research studies in neurodegenerative diseases, and the future challenges of exosomes as nanomedicine-based therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cano
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Álvaro Muñoz-Morales
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Camins
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruíz
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Panigaj M, Skelly E, Beasock D, Marriott I, Johnson MB, Salotti J, Afonin KA. Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1053550. [PMID: 36798121 PMCID: PMC9927404 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1053550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system has evolved to defend organisms against exogenous threats such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites by distinguishing between "self" and "non-self". In addition, it guards us against other diseases, such as cancer, by detecting and responding to transformed and senescent cells. However, for survival and propagation, the altered cells and invading pathogens often employ a wide range of mechanisms to avoid, inhibit, or manipulate the immunorecognition. As such, the development of new modes of therapeutic intervention to augment protective and prevent harmful immune responses is desirable. Nucleic acids are biopolymers essential for all forms of life and, therefore, delineating the complex defensive mechanisms developed against non-self nucleic acids can offer an exciting avenue for future biomedicine. Nucleic acid technologies have already established numerous approaches in therapy and biotechnology; recently, rationally designed nucleic acids nanoparticles (NANPs) with regulated physiochemical properties and biological activities has expanded our repertoire of therapeutic options. When compared to conventional therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs), NANP technologies can be rendered more beneficial for synchronized delivery of multiple TNAs with defined stabilities, immunological profiles, and therapeutic functions. This review highlights several recent advances and possible future directions of TNA and NANP technologies that are under development for controlled immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Panigaj
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States.,Institute of Biology & Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Elizabeth Skelly
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Damian Beasock
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Ian Marriott
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - M Brittany Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Jacqueline Salotti
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
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12
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Klotz K, Radwan Y, Chakrabarti K. Dissecting Functional Biological Interactions Using Modular RNA Nanoparticles. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010228. [PMID: 36615420 PMCID: PMC9821959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) are an exciting and innovative technology in the context of both basic and biomedical research. Made of DNA, RNA, or their chemical analogs, NANPs are programmed for carrying out specific functions within human cells. NANPs are at the forefront of preventing, detecting, and treating disease. Their nucleic acid composition lends them biocompatibility that provides their cargo with enhanced opportunity for coordinated delivery. Of course, the NANP system of targeting specific cells and tissues is not without its disadvantages. Accumulation of NANPs outside of the target tissue and the potential for off-target effects of NANP-mediated cargo delivery present challenges to research and medical professionals and these challenges must be effectively addressed to provide safe treatment to patients. Importantly, development of NANPs with regulated biological activities and immunorecognition becomes a promising route for developing versatile nucleic acid therapeutics. In a basic research context, NANPs can assist investigators in fine-tuning the structure-function relationship of final formulations and in this review, we explore the practical applications of NANPs in laboratory and clinical settings and discuss how we can use established nucleic acid research techniques to design effective NANPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Klotz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Yasmine Radwan
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Kausik Chakrabarti
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
- Correspondence:
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13
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Hadizadeh N, Bagheri D, Shamsara M, Hamblin MR, Farmany A, Xu M, Liang Z, Razi F, Hashemi E. Extracellular vesicles biogenesis, isolation, manipulation and genetic engineering for potential in vitro and in vivo therapeutics: An overview. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1019821. [PMID: 36406206 PMCID: PMC9672340 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1019821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goals of medicine consist of early detection and effective treatment of different diseases. In this regard, the rise of exosomes as carriers of natural biomarkers has recently attracted a lot of attention and managed to shed more light on the future of early disease diagnosis methods. Here, exosome biogenesis, its role as a biomarker in metabolic disorders, and recent advances in state-of-art technologies for exosome detection and isolation will be reviewed along with future research directions and challenges regarding the manipulation and genetic engineering of exosomes for potential in vitro and in vivo disease diagnosis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Hadizadeh
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diba Bagheri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shamsara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Centre and Dental Implant Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuobin Liang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Farideh Razi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular—Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hashemi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular—Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Exosomes as Crucial Players in Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8286498. [PMID: 35910853 PMCID: PMC9328965 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8286498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems. Its clinical manifestation varies across patients, from skin mucosa to multiorgan damage to severe central nervous system involvement. The exosome has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including SLE. We review the recent knowledge of exosomes, including their biology, functions, mechanism, and standardized extraction and purification methods in SLE, to highlight potential therapeutic targets for SLE.
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15
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Tripathi P, Chandler M, Maffeo CM, Fallahi A, Makhamreh A, Halman J, Aksimentiev A, Afonin KA, Wanunu M. Discrimination of RNA fiber structures using solid-state nanopores. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:6866-6875. [PMID: 35441627 PMCID: PMC9520586 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08002d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
RNA fibers are a class of biomaterials that can be assembled using HIV-like kissing loop interactions. Because of the programmability of molecular design and low immunorecognition, these structures present an interesting opportunity to solve problems in nanobiotechnology and synthetic biology. However, the experimental tools to fully characterize and discriminate among different fiber structures in solution are limited. Herein, we utilize solid-state nanopore experiments and Brownian dynamics simulations to characterize and distinguish several RNA fiber structures that differ in their degrees of branching. We found that, regardless of the electrolyte type and concentration, fiber structures that have more branches produce longer and deeper ionic current blockades in comparison to the unbranched fibers. Experiments carried out at temperatures ranging from 20-60 °C revealed almost identical distributions of current blockade amplitudes, suggesting that the kissing loop interactions in fibers are resistant to heating within this range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Tripathi
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Morgan Chandler
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | | | - Ali Fallahi
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amr Makhamreh
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Justin Halman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Meni Wanunu
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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16
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Tran AN, Chandler M, Halman J, Beasock D, Fessler A, McKeough RQ, Lam PA, Furr DP, Wang J, Cedrone E, Dobrovolskaia MA, Dokholyan NV, Trammell SR, Afonin KA. Anhydrous Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles for Storage and Handling at Broad Range of Temperatures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104814. [PMID: 35128787 PMCID: PMC8976831 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology now allow for the methodical implementation of therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs) into modular nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) with tunable physicochemical properties which can match the desired biological effects, provide uniformity, and regulate the delivery of multiple TNAs for combinatorial therapy. Despite the potential of novel NANPs, the maintenance of their structural integrity during storage and shipping remains a vital issue that impedes their broader applications. Cold chain storage is required to maintain the potency of NANPs in the liquid phase, which greatly increases transportation costs. To promote long-term storage and retention of biological activities at higher temperatures (e.g., +50 °C), a panel of representative NANPs is first exposed to three different drying mechanisms-vacuum concentration (SpeedVac), lyophilization (Lyo), and light-assisted drying (LAD)-and then rehydrated and analyzed. While SpeedVac primarily operates using heat, Lyo avoids temperature increases by taking advantage of pressure reduction and LAD involves a near-infrared laser for uniform drying in the presence of trehalose. This work compares and defines refinements crucial in formulating an optimal strategy for producing stable, fully functional NANPs and presents a forward advancement in their development for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison N Tran
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Morgan Chandler
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Justin Halman
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Damian Beasock
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Adam Fessler
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Riley Q McKeough
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Phuong Anh Lam
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Daniel P Furr
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Edward Cedrone
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Susan R Trammell
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
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17
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Tang Q, Liu D, Chen H, He D, Pan W, Li Q, Xie W, Chen S, Yu C. Functionalized PAMAM-Based system for targeted delivery of miR-205 and 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Chandler M, Johnson B, Khisamutdinov E, Dobrovolskaia MA, Sztuba-Solinska J, Salem AK, Breyne K, Chammas R, Walter NG, Contreras LM, Guo P, Afonin KA. The International Society of RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (ISRNN): The Present and Future of the Burgeoning Field. ACS NANO 2021; 15:16957-16973. [PMID: 34677049 PMCID: PMC9023608 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The International Society of RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (ISRNN) hosts an annual meeting series focused on presenting the latest research achievements involving RNA-based therapeutics and strategies, aiming to expand their current biomedical applications while overcoming the remaining challenges of the burgeoning field of RNA nanotechnology. The most recent online meeting hosted a series of engaging talks and discussions from an international cohort of leading nanotechnologists that focused on RNA modifications and modulation, dynamic RNA structures, overcoming delivery limitations using a variety of innovative platforms and approaches, and addressing the newly explored potential for immunomodulation with programmable nucleic acid nanoparticles. In this Nano Focus, we summarize the main discussion points, conclusions, and future directions identified during this two-day webinar as well as more recent advances to highlight and to accelerate this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Chandler
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Brittany Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Emil Khisamutdinov
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47304, United States
| | - Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Joanna Sztuba-Solinska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 120 W. Samford Avenue, Rouse Life Sciences Building, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Koen Breyne
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets 02114, United States
| | - Roger Chammas
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo - ICESP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 251, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01246-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nils G Walter
- Single Molecule Analysis Group, Department of Chemistry and Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Lydia M Contreras
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78714, United States
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
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19
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Chen H, Wang L, Zeng X, Schwarz H, Nanda HS, Peng X, Zhou Y. Exosomes, a New Star for Targeted Delivery. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751079. [PMID: 34692704 PMCID: PMC8531489 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-secreted nanoparticles (generally with a size of 30–150 nm) bearing numerous biological molecules including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, which are thought to play important roles in intercellular communication. As carriers, exosomes hold promise as advanced platforms for targeted drug/gene delivery, owing to their unique properties, such as innate stability, low immunogenicity and excellent tissue/cell penetration capacity. However, their practical applications can be limited due to insufficient targeting ability or low efficacy in some cases. In order to overcome these existing challenges, various approaches have been applied to engineer cell-derived exosomes for a higher selectivity and effectiveness. This review presents the state-of-the-art designs and applications of advanced exosome-based systems for targeted cargo delivery. By discussing experts’ opinions, we hope this review will inspire the researchers in this field to develop more practical exosomal delivery systems for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xinling Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource From Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Herbert Schwarz
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Himansu Sekhar Nanda
- Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
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20
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Rational design for controlled release of Dicer-substrate siRNA harbored in phi29 pRNA-based nanoparticles. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:524-535. [PMID: 34589275 PMCID: PMC8463318 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) for silencing genes and treating disease has been a dream since ranking as a top Breakthrough of the Year in 2002 by Science. With the recent FDA approval of four siRNA-based drugs, the potential of RNA therapeutics to become the third milestone in pharmaceutical drug development has become a reality. However, the field of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics still faces challenges such as specificity in targeting, intracellular processing, and endosome trapping after targeted delivery. Dicer-substrate siRNAs included onto RNA nanoparticles may be able to overcome these challenges. Here, we show that pRNA-based nanoparticles can be designed to efficiently harbor the Dicer-substrate siRNAs in vitro and in vivo to the cytosol of tumor cells and release the siRNA. The structure optimization and chemical modification for controlled release of Dicer-substrate siRNAs in tumor cells were also evaluated through molecular beacon analysis. Studies on the length requirement of the overhanging siRNA revealed that at least 23 nucleotides at the dweller's arm were needed for dicer processing. The above sequence parameters and structure optimization were confirmed in recent studies demonstrating the release of functional Survivin siRNA from the pRNA-based nanoparticles for cancer inhibition in non-small-cell lung, breast, and prostate cancer animal models.
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21
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Chandler M, Minevich B, Roark B, Viard M, Johnson MB, Rizvi MH, Deaton TA, Kozlov S, Panigaj M, Tracy JB, Yingling YG, Gang O, Afonin KA. Controlled Organization of Inorganic Materials Using Biological Molecules for Activating Therapeutic Functionalities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39030-39041. [PMID: 34402305 PMCID: PMC8654604 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Precise control over the assembly of biocompatible three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures would allow for programmed interactions within the cellular environment. Nucleic acids can be used as programmable crosslinkers to direct the assembly of quantum dots (QDs) and tuned to demonstrate different interparticle binding strategies. Morphologies of self-assembled QDs are evaluated via gel electrophoresis, transmission electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and dissipative particle dynamics simulations, with all results being in good agreement. The controlled assembly of 3D QD organizations is demonstrated in cells via the colocalized emission of multiple assembled QDs, and their immunorecognition is assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RNA interference inducers are also embedded into the interparticle binding strategy to be released in human cells only upon QD assembly, which is demonstrated by specific gene silencing. The programmability and intracellular activity of QD assemblies offer a strategy for nucleic acids to imbue the structure and therapeutic function into the formation of complex networks of nanostructures, while the photoluminescent properties of the material allow for optical tracking in cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Chandler
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Brian Minevich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Brandon Roark
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Mathias Viard
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - M Brittany Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Mehedi H Rizvi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Thomas A Deaton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Seraphim Kozlov
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Martin Panigaj
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice 04154, Slovak Republic
| | - Joseph B Tracy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Yaroslava G Yingling
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
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22
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Johnson MB, Chandler M, Afonin KA. Nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) as molecular tools to direct desirable and avoid undesirable immunological effects. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:427-438. [PMID: 33857556 PMCID: PMC8178219 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) represent a highly versatile molecular platform for the targeted delivery of various therapeutics. However, despite their promise, further clinical translation of this innovative technology can be hindered by immunological off-target effects. All human cells are equipped with an arsenal of receptors that recognize molecular patterns specific to foreign nucleic acids and understanding the rules that guide this recognition offer the key rationale for the development of therapeutic NANPs with tunable immune stimulation. Numerous recent studies have provided increasing evidence that in addition to NANPs' physicochemical properties and therapeutic effects, their interactions with cells of the immune system can be regulated through multiple independently programmable architectural parameters. The results further suggest that defined immunomodulation by NANPs can either support their immunoquiescent delivery or be used for conditional stimulation of beneficial immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brittany Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Morgan Chandler
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
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23
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Rankin-Turner S, Vader P, O'Driscoll L, Giebel B, Heaney LM, Davies OG. A call for the standardised reporting of factors affecting the exogenous loading of extracellular vesicles with therapeutic cargos. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:479-491. [PMID: 33862168 PMCID: PMC8191593 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are complex nanoparticles required for the intercellular transfer of diverse biological cargoes. Unlike synthetic nanoparticles, EVs may provide a natural platform for the enhanced targeting and functional transfer of therapeutics across complex and often impenetrable biological boundaries (e.g. the blood-brain barrier or the matrix of densely organised tumours). Consequently, there is considerable interest in utilising EVs as advanced drug delivery systems for the treatment of a range of challenging pathologies. Within the past decade, efforts have focused on providing standard minimal requirements for conducting basic EV research. However, no standard reporting framework has been established governing the therapeutic loading of EVs for drug delivery applications. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate progress in the field, providing an initial set of guidelines that can be applied as a benchmark to enhance reproducibility and increase the likelihood of translational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Rankin-Turner
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Pieter Vader
- CDL Research, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraβe 179, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Liam M Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Owen G Davies
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
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24
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Li Z, Yang L, Wang H, Binzel DW, Williams TM, Guo P. Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Regression by siRNA Delivered Through Exosomes That Display EGFR RNA Aptamer. Nucleic Acid Ther 2021; 31:364-374. [PMID: 33999716 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2021.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in both men and women and is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The development of drug resistance to commonly used chemotherapeutics in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) poses significant health risks and there is a dire need to improve patient outcomes. In this study, we report the use of RNA nanotechnology to display ligand on exosome that was loaded with small interfering RNA (siRNA) for NSCLC regression in animal trials. Cholesterol was used to anchor the ligand targeting epidermal growth factor receptor on exosomes that were loaded with siRNA to silence the antiapoptotic factor survivin. The cytosolic delivery of siRNA overcame the problem of endosome trapping, leading to potent gene knockdown, chemotherapy sensitization, and tumor regression, thus achieving a favorable IC50 of 20 nmol/kg siRNA encapsulated by exosome particles in the in vivo gene knockdown assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefeng Li
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Linlin Yang
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel W Binzel
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Terence M Williams
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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25
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Massaro C, Sgueglia G, Frattolillo V, Baglio SR, Altucci L, Dell’Aversana C. Extracellular Vesicle-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery: Current Advances and Future Perspectives in Cancer Therapeutic Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100980. [PMID: 33081417 PMCID: PMC7589909 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are sophisticated and sensitive messengers released by cells to communicate with and influence distant and neighboring cells via selective transfer of bioactive content, including protein lipids and nucleic acids. EVs have therefore attracted broad interest as new and refined potential therapeutic systems in many diseases, including cancer, due to their low immunogenicity, non-toxicity, and elevated bioavailability. They might serve as safe and effective vehicles for the transport of therapeutic molecules to specific tissues and cells. In this review, we focus on EVs as a vehicle for gene therapy in cancer. We describe recent developments in EV engineering to achieve efficient intracellular delivery of cancer therapeutics and avoid off-target effects, to provide an overview of the potential applications of EV-mediated gene therapy and the most promising biomedical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crescenzo Massaro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Giulia Sgueglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Victoria Frattolillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
| | - S. Rubina Baglio
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (C.D.); Tel.: +39-081-5667569 (L.A.); +39-081-5667564 (C.D.)
| | - Carmela Dell’Aversana
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore” (IEOS)-National Research Council (CNR), Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (C.D.); Tel.: +39-081-5667569 (L.A.); +39-081-5667564 (C.D.)
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