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Li X, Zhang S, Zhang M, Li G, Yang B, Lu X, Teng L, Li Y, Sun F. A Multifunctional Nano-Delivery System Against Rheumatoid Arthritis by Combined Phototherapy, Hypoxia-Activated Chemotherapy, and RNA Interference. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6257-6273. [PMID: 36531117 PMCID: PMC9749419 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s382252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Effective therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) keeps a challenge due to the complex pathogenesis of RA. It is not enough to completely inhibit the process of RA with any single therapy method. The purpose of the research is to compensate for the insufficiency of monotherapy using multiple treatment regimens with different mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we developed a new method to synthesize mesoporous silica nanoparticles hybridized with photosensitizer PCPDTBT (HNs). Branched polyethyleneimine-folic acid (PEI-FA) could be coated on the surface of HNs through electrostatic interactions. It simultaneously blocked the hypoxia-activated prodrug tirapazamine loaded into the mesopores and binded with Mcl-1 siRNA (siMcl-1) that interfered with the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. Released from the co-delivery nanoparticles (PFHNs/TM) Tirapazamine and siMcl-1 upon exposure to acidic conditions of endosomes/lysosomes in activated macrophages. Under NIR irradiation, photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy derived from PCPDTBT, hypoxia-activated chemotherapy derived from tirapazamine, and RNAi derived from siMcl-1 were used for the combined treatment for RA by killing activated macrophages. PEI-FA-coated PFHNs/TM exhibited activated macrophage-targeting characteristics, thereby enhancing the in vitro and in vivo NIR-induced combined treatment of RA. RESULTS The prepared PFHNs/TM have high blood compatibility (far below 5% of hemolysis) and ideal in vitro phototherapy effect while controlling the TPZ release and binding siMcl-1. We prove that PEI-FA-coated PFHNs/TM not only protect the bound siRNA but also are selectively uptaked by activated macrophages through FA receptor-ligand-mediated endocytosis, and effectively silence the target anti-apoptotic protein by siMcl-1 transfection. In vivo, PFHNs/TM have also been revealed to be selectively enriched at the inflammatory site of RA, exhibiting NIR-induced anti-RA efficacy. CONCLUSION Overall, these FA-functionalized, pH-responsive PFHNs/TM represent a promising platform for the co-delivery of chemical drugs and nucleic acids for the treatment of RA cooperating with NIR-induced phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lesheng Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youxin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengying Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Ma S, Li X, Hu H, Ma X, Zhao Z, Deng S, Wang J, Zhang L, Wu C, Liu Z, Wang Y. Synergetic osteogenesis of extracellular vesicles and loading RGD colonized on 3D-printed titanium implants. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4773-4784. [PMID: 35849688 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00725h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have been universally used as surgical implants, and the clinical need for modifying titanium surfaces to accelerate early stage osseointegration and prevent implant loosening is in huge demand. 3D printing technology is an accurate and controllable method to create titanium implants with complex nanostructures, which provide enough space to react and fit in the microenvironment of cells. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted attention in promoting osteogenesis. The vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-EVs) have been proved to pack osteogenic-relative RNAs thereby regulating the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of the target BMSCs. Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-derived peptides are typical peptides used to improve cell attachment and proliferation in bone tissue engineering. A novel strategy is proposed to load RGD-derived peptides on EVs with a fusion peptide (EVsRGD) and colonize EVsRGD on the titanium surface via a specific bonding peptide. In this study, we verify that the presence of EVsRGD enables the realization of the synergetic effect of EVs and RGD, enhancing the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of BMSCs in vitro, resulting in satisfactory osseointegration around implants in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Ma
- Department of Stomotology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Han Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Xinying Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Zhezhe Zhao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Shu Deng
- Department of Stomotology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Leyu Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Chenxuan Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Zihao Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
| | - Yonglan Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 030070, China.
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