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Mei SY, Zhang N, Wang MJ, Lv PR, Liu Q. Microglial purinergic signaling in Alzheimer's disease. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-10029-8. [PMID: 38910192 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-10029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease. The prevalent features of AD pathogenesis are the appearance of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which cause microglial activation, synaptic deficiency, and neuronal loss. Microglia accompanies AD pathological processes and is also linked to cognitive deficits. Purinergic signaling has been shown to play a complex and tight interplay with the chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and production of pro-inflammatory factors in microglia, which is an important mechanism for regulating microglia activation. Here, we review recent evidence for interactions between AD, microglia, and purinergic signaling and find that the purinergic P2 receptors pertinently expressed on microglia are the ionotropic receptors P2X4 and P2X7, and the subtypes of P2YRs expressed by microglia are metabotropic receptors P2Y2, P2Y6, P2Y12, and P2Y13. The adenosine P1 receptors expressed in microglia include A1R, A2AR, and A2BR. Among them, the activation of P2X4, P2X7, and adenosine A1, A2A receptors expressed in microglia can aggravate the pathological process of AD, whereas P2Y2, P2Y6, P2Y12, and P2Y13 receptors expressed by microglia can induce neuroprotective effects. However, A1R activation also has a strong neuroprotective effect and has a significant anti-inflammatory effect in chronic neuroinflammation. These receptors regulate a variety of pathophysiological processes in AD, including APP processing, Aβ production, tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review also provides key pharmacological advances in purinergic signaling receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ya Mei
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shi-Ji Avenue, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shi-Ji Avenue, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Jing Wang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shi-Ji Avenue, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ran Lv
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shi-Ji Avenue, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shi-Ji Avenue, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, People's Republic of China.
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Jang MH, Song J. Adenosine and adenosine receptors in metabolic imbalance-related neurological issues. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116996. [PMID: 38897158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndromes (e.g., obesity) are characterized by insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, impaired glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia. Recently, patients with metabolic syndromes have experienced not only metabolic problems but also neuropathological issues, including cognitive impairment. Several studies have reported blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and insulin resistance in the brain of patients with obesity and diabetes. Adenosine, a purine nucleoside, is known to regulate various cellular responses (e.g., the neuroinflammatory response) by binding with adenosine receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Adenosine has four known receptors: A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R. These receptors play distinct roles in various physiological and pathological processes in the brain, including endothelial cell homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, microglial activation, lipid metabolism, immune cell infiltration, and synaptic plasticity. Here, we review the recent findings on the role of adenosine receptor-mediated signaling in neuropathological issues related to metabolic imbalance. We highlight the importance of adenosine signaling in the development of therapeutic solutions for neuropathological issues in patients with metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyeon Jang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States.
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.
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Tejero A, León-Navarro DA, Martín M. Effect of Xanthohumol, a Bioactive Natural Compound from Hops, on Adenosine Pathway in Rat C6 Glioma and Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Lines. Nutrients 2024; 16:1792. [PMID: 38892725 PMCID: PMC11174739 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Xanthohumol (Xn) is an antioxidant flavonoid mainly extracted from hops (Humulus lupulus), one of the main ingredients of beer. As with other bioactive compounds, their therapeutic potential against different diseases has been tested, one of which is Alzheimer's disease (AD). Adenosine is a neuromodulatory nucleoside that acts through four different G protein-coupled receptors: A1 and A3, which inhibit the adenylyl cyclases (AC) pathway, and A2A and A2B, which stimulate this activity, causing either a decrease or an increase, respectively, in the release of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate. This adenosinergic pathway, which is altered in AD, could be involved in the excitotoxicity process. Therefore, the aim of this work is to describe the effect of Xn on the adenosinergic pathway using cell lines. For this purpose, two different cellular models, rat glioma C6 and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, were exposed to a non-cytotoxic 10 µM Xn concentration. Adenosine A1 and A2A, receptor levels, and activities related to the adenosine pathway, such as adenylate cyclase, protein kinase A, and 5'-nucleotidase, were analyzed. The adenosine A1 receptor was significantly increased after Xn exposure, while no changes in A2A receptor membrane levels or AC activity were reported. Regarding 5'-nucleotidases, modulation of their activity by Xn was noted since CD73, the extracellular membrane attached to 5'-nucleotidase, was significantly decreased in the C6 cell line. In conclusion, here we describe a novel pathway in which the bioactive flavonoid Xn could have potentially beneficial effects on AD as it increases membrane A1 receptors while modulating enzymes related to the adenosine pathway in cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Agustín León-Navarro
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Institute of Biomedicine, IDISCAM, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.T.); (M.M.)
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4
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Zhuang H, Cao X, Tang X, Zou Y, Yang H, Liang Z, Yan X, Chen X, Feng X, Shen L. Investigating metabolic dysregulation in serum of triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease male mice: implications for pathogenesis and potential biomarkers. Amino Acids 2024; 56:10. [PMID: 38315232 PMCID: PMC10844422 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that lacks convenient and accessible peripheral blood diagnostic markers and effective drugs. Metabolic dysfunction is one of AD risk factors, which leaded to alterations of various metabolites in the body. Pathological changes of the brain can be reflected in blood metabolites that are expected to explain the disease mechanisms or be candidate biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of targeted metabolites within peripheral blood of AD mouse model, with the purpose of exploring the disease mechanism and potential biomarkers. Targeted metabolomics was used to quantify 256 metabolites in serum of triple transgenic AD (3 × Tg-AD) male mice. Compared with controls, 49 differential metabolites represented dysregulation in purine, pyrimidine, tryptophan, cysteine and methionine and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Among them, adenosine, serotonin, N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, and acetylcholine play a key role in regulating neural transmitter network. The alteration of S-adenosine-L-homocysteine, S-adenosine-L-methionine, and trimethylamine-N-oxide in AD mice serum can served as indicator of AD risk. The results revealed the changes of metabolites in serum, suggesting that metabolic dysregulation in periphery in AD mice may be related to the disturbances in neuroinhibition, the serotonergic system, sleep function, the cholinergic system, and the gut microbiota. This study provides novel insights into the dysregulation of several key metabolites and metabolic pathways in AD, presenting potential avenues for future research and the development of peripheral biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhuang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshan Cao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Zou
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Liang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingui Feng
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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Vázquez-Durán DL, Ortega A, Rodríguez A. Amino Acid Transporters Proteins Involved in the Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle and Their Alterations in Murine Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03966-3. [PMID: 38273046 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The brain's ability to integrate external stimuli and generate responses is highly complex. While these mechanisms are not completely understood, current evidence suggests that alterations in cellular metabolism and microenvironment are involved in some dysfunctions as complex as Alzheimer's disease. This pathology courses with defects in the establishment of chemical synapses, which is dependent on the production and supply of neurotransmitters like glutamate and its recycling through the glutamate-glutamine cycle. Alterations in the expression and function of the amino acid transporters proteins involved in this cycle have recently been reported in different stages of Alzheimer's disease. Most of these data come from patients in advanced stages of the disease or post-mortem, due to the ethical and technical limitations of human studies. Therefore, genetically modified mouse models have been an excellent tool to analyze metabolic and even behavioral parameters that are very similar to those that develop in Alzheimer's disease, even at presymptomatic stages. Hence, this paper analyzes the role of glutamate metabolism and its intercellular trafficking in excitatory synapses from different approaches using transgenic mouse models; such an analysis will contribute to our present understanding of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Departamento de Toxicología, Cinvestav- IPN, Mexico City, México
| | - Angelina Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
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6
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Madeira D, Domingues J, Lopes CR, Canas PM, Cunha RA, Agostinho P. Modification of astrocytic Cx43 hemichannel activity in animal models of AD: modulation by adenosine A 2A receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:340. [PMID: 37898985 PMCID: PMC10613596 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates astrocytic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive cognitive loss. The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques is a histopathological hallmark of AD and associated with increased astrocyte reactivity. In APP/PS1 mice modelling established AD (9 months), we now show an altered astrocytic morphology and enhanced activity of astrocytic hemichannels, mainly composed by connexin 43 (Cx43). Hemichannel activity in hippocampal astrocytes is also increased in two models of early AD: (1) mice with intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of Aβ1-42, and (2) hippocampal slices superfused with Aβ1-42 peptides. In hippocampal gliosomes of APP/PS1 mice, Cx43 levels were increased, whereas mice administered icv with Aβ1-42 only displayed increased Cx43 phosphorylation levels. This suggests that hemichannel activity might be differentially modulated throughout AD progression. Additionally, we tested if adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) blockade reversed alterations of astrocytic hemichannel activity and found that the pharmacological blockade or genetic silencing (global and astrocytic) of A2AR prevented Aβ-induced hemichannel dysregulation in hippocampal slices, although A2AR genetic silencing increased the activity of astroglial hemichannels in control conditions. In primary cultures of astrocytes, A2AR-related protective effect was shown to occur through a protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. Our results indicate that the dysfunction of hemichannel activity in hippocampal astrocytes is an early event in AD, which is modulated by A2AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Madeira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Domingues
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia R Lopes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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7
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Simões AP, Portes MAM, Lopes CR, Vanz F, Lourenço VS, Pliássova A, Gaspar IL, Silva HB, Tomé ÂR, Canas PM, Prediger RD, Cunha RA. Adenosine A 2A receptors control generalization of contextual fear in rats. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:316. [PMID: 37828000 PMCID: PMC10570294 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fear learning is essential to survival, but traumatic events may lead to abnormal fear consolidation and overgeneralization, triggering fear responses in safe environments, as occurs in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) control emotional memory and fear conditioning, but it is not known if they affect the consolidation and generalization of fear, which was now investigated. We now report that A2AR blockade through systemic administration of the A2AR antagonist SCH58261 immediately after contextual fear conditioning (within the consolidation window), accelerated fear generalization. Conversely, A2AR activation with CGS21680 decreased fear generalization. Ex vivo electrophysiological recordings of field excitatory post-synaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in CA3-CA1 synapses and of population spikes in the lateral amygdala (LA), showed that the effect of SCH58261 is associated with a reversion of fear conditioning-induced decrease of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) and with increased amplitude of LA LTP in conditioned animals. These data suggest that A2AR are engaged during contextual fear consolidation, controlling long-term potentiation mechanisms in both DH and LA during fear consolidation, impacting on fear generalization; this supports targeting A2AR during fear consolidation to control aberrant fear processing in PTSD and other fear-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Simões
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marina A M Portes
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Cátia R Lopes
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Felipe Vanz
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanessa S Lourenço
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anna Pliássova
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ingride L Gaspar
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique B Silva
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ângelo R Tomé
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui D Prediger
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Aging (MIA-Portugal), University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Vincenzi F, Pasquini S, Contri C, Cappello M, Nigro M, Travagli A, Merighi S, Gessi S, Borea PA, Varani K. Pharmacology of Adenosine Receptors: Recent Advancements. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1387. [PMID: 37759787 PMCID: PMC10527030 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are widely acknowledged pharmacological targets yet are still underutilized in clinical practice. Their ubiquitous distribution in almost all cells and tissues of the body makes them, on the one hand, excellent candidates for numerous diseases, and on the other hand, intrinsically challenging to exploit selectively and in a site-specific manner. This review endeavors to comprehensively depict the substantial advancements witnessed in recent years concerning the development of drugs that modulate ARs. Through preclinical and clinical research, it has become evident that the modulation of ARs holds promise for the treatment of numerous diseases, including central nervous system disorders, cardiovascular and metabolic conditions, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and cancer. The latest studies discussed herein shed light on novel mechanisms through which ARs exert control over pathophysiological states. They also introduce new ligands and innovative strategies for receptor activation, presenting compelling evidence of efficacy along with the implicated signaling pathways. Collectively, these emerging insights underscore a promising trajectory toward harnessing the therapeutic potential of these multifaceted targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
| | - Silvia Pasquini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Chiara Contri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
| | - Martina Cappello
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
| | - Manuela Nigro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
| | - Alessia Travagli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
| | - Stefania Merighi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
| | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
| | | | - Katia Varani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (K.V.)
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Abstract
The adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) is abundantly expressed in the brain, including both neurons and glial cells. While the expression of A2AR is relative low in glia, its levels elevate robustly in astrocytes and microglia under pathological conditions. Elevated A2AR appears to play a detrimental role in a number of disease states, by promoting neuroinflammation and astrocytic reaction to contribute to the progression of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, P.R. China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
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10
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Oliveros A, Poleschuk M, Cole PD, Boison D, Jang MH. Chemobrain: An accelerated aging process linking adenosine A 2A receptor signaling in cancer survivors. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 170:267-305. [PMID: 37741694 PMCID: PMC10947554 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy has a significant positive impact in cancer treatment outcomes, reducing recurrence and mortality. However, many cancer surviving children and adults suffer from aberrant chemotherapy neurotoxic effects on learning, memory, attention, executive functioning, and processing speed. This chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is referred to as "chemobrain" or "chemofog". While the underlying mechanisms mediating CICI are still unclear, there is strong evidence that chemotherapy accelerates the biological aging process, manifesting as effects which include telomere shortening, epigenetic dysregulation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial defects, impaired neurogenesis, and neuroinflammation, all of which are known to contribute to increased anxiety and neurocognitive decline. Despite the increased prevalence of CICI, there exists a lack of mechanistic understanding by which chemotherapy detrimentally affects cognition in cancer survivors. Moreover, there are no approved therapeutic interventions for this condition. To address this gap in knowledge, this review attempts to identify how adenosine signaling, particularly through the adenosine A2A receptor, can be an essential tool to attenuate accelerated aging phenotypes. Importantly, the adenosine A2A receptor uniquely stands at the crossroads of cancer treatment and improved cognition, given that it is widely known to control tumor induced immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, while also posited to be an essential regulator of cognition in neurodegenerative disease. Consequently, we propose that the adenosine A2A receptor may provide a multifaceted therapeutic strategy to enhance anticancer activity, while combating chemotherapy induced cognitive deficits, both which are essential to provide novel therapeutic interventions against accelerated aging in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Oliveros
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Michael Poleschuk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Peter D Cole
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Detlev Boison
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States.
| | - Mi-Hyeon Jang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States.
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11
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Zhao Y, Ning YL, Zhou YG. A 2AR and traumatic brain injury. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 170:225-265. [PMID: 37741693 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed the adenosine 2A receptor is a key tuner for neuropathological and neurobehavioral changes following traumatic brain injury by experimental animal models and a few clinical trials. Here, we highlight recent data involving acute/sub-acute and chronic alterations of adenosine and adenosine 2A receptor-associated signaling in pathological conditions after trauma, with an emphasis of traumatic brain injury, including neuroinflammation, cognitive and psychiatric disorders, and other severe consequences. We expect this would lead to the development of therapeutic strategies for trauma-related disorders with novel mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, P.R. China; Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Lei Ning
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, P.R. China; Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, P.R. China; Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
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12
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Colavitta MF, Barrantes FJ. Therapeutic Strategies Aimed at Improving Neuroplasticity in Alzheimer Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2052. [PMID: 37631266 PMCID: PMC10459958 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia among elderly people. Owing to its varied and multicausal etiopathology, intervention strategies have been highly diverse. Despite ongoing advances in the field, efficient therapies to mitigate AD symptoms or delay their progression are still of limited scope. Neuroplasticity, in broad terms the ability of the brain to modify its structure in response to external stimulation or damage, has received growing attention as a possible therapeutic target, since the disruption of plastic mechanisms in the brain appear to correlate with various forms of cognitive impairment present in AD patients. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies have attempted to enhance neuroplasticity via different mechanisms, for example, regulating glucose or lipid metabolism, targeting the activity of neurotransmitter systems, or addressing neuroinflammation. In this review, we first describe several structural and functional aspects of neuroplasticity. We then focus on the current status of pharmacological approaches to AD stemming from clinical trials targeting neuroplastic mechanisms in AD patients. This is followed by an analysis of analogous pharmacological interventions in animal models, according to their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F. Colavitta
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA)—National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP-UCA), Facultad de Psicología, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina;
| | - Francisco J. Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA)—National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
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13
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Lopes CR, Silva AC, Silva HB, Canas PM, Agostinho P, Cunha RA, Lopes JP. Adenosine A 2A Receptor Up-Regulation Pre-Dates Deficits of Synaptic Plasticity and of Memory in Mice Exposed to Aβ 1-42 to Model Early Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1173. [PMID: 37627238 PMCID: PMC10452250 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of amyloid peptides (Aβ) models Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mice, as typified by the onset within 15 days of deficits of memory and of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) that are prevented by the blockade of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR). Since A2AR overfunction is sufficient to trigger memory deficits, we tested if A2AR were upregulated in hippocampal synapses before the onset of memory deficits to support the hypothesis that A2AR overfunction could be a trigger of AD. Six to eight days after Aβ-icv injection, mice displayed no alterations of hippocampal dependent memory; however, they presented an increased excitability of hippocampal synapses, a slight increase in LTP magnitude in Schaffer fiber-CA1 pyramid synapses and an increased density of A2AR in hippocampal synapses. A2AR blockade with SCH58261 (50 nM) normalized excitability and LTP in hippocampal slices from mice sacrificed 7-8 days after Aβ-icv injection. Fifteen days after Aβ-icv injection, mice displayed evident deficits of hippocampal-dependent memory deterioration, with reduced hippocampal CA1 LTP but no hyperexcitability and a sustained increase in synaptic A2AR, which blockade restored LTP magnitude. This shows that the upregulation of synaptic A2AR precedes the onset of deterioration of memory and of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, supporting the hypothesis that the overfunction of synaptic A2AR could be a trigger of memory deterioration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia R. Lopes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.R.L.); (A.C.S.); (H.B.S.); (P.M.C.); (P.A.); (J.P.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António C. Silva
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.R.L.); (A.C.S.); (H.B.S.); (P.M.C.); (P.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Henrique B. Silva
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.R.L.); (A.C.S.); (H.B.S.); (P.M.C.); (P.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Paula M. Canas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.R.L.); (A.C.S.); (H.B.S.); (P.M.C.); (P.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Paula Agostinho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.R.L.); (A.C.S.); (H.B.S.); (P.M.C.); (P.A.); (J.P.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A. Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.R.L.); (A.C.S.); (H.B.S.); (P.M.C.); (P.A.); (J.P.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Lopes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.R.L.); (A.C.S.); (H.B.S.); (P.M.C.); (P.A.); (J.P.L.)
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14
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Załuski M, Karcz T, Drabczyńska A, Vielmuth C, Olejarz-Maciej A, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Siwek A, Satała G, Müller CE, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Xanthine-Dopamine Hybrid Molecules as Multitarget Drugs with Potential for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1079. [PMID: 37509114 PMCID: PMC10377586 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multitarget drugs based on a hybrid dopamine-xanthine core were designed as potential drug candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors with significant ancillary A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAR) antagonistic properties were further developed to exhibit additional phosphodiesterase-4 and -10 (PDE4/10) inhibition and/or dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonistic activity. While all of the designed compounds showed MAO-B inhibition in the nanomolar range mostly combined with submicromolar A2AAR affinity, significant enhancement of PDE-inhibitory and D2R-agonistic activity was additionally reached for some compounds through various structural modifications. The final multitarget drugs also showed promising antioxidant properties in vitro. In order to evaluate their potential neuroprotective effect, representative ligands were tested in a cellular model of toxin-induced neurotoxicity. As a result, protective effects against oxidative stress in neuroblastoma cells were observed, confirming the utility of the applied strategy. Further evaluation of the newly developed multitarget ligands in preclinical models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Załuski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Drabczyńska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Christin Vielmuth
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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15
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Merighi S, Travagli A, Nigro M, Pasquini S, Cappello M, Contri C, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Gessi S. Caffeine for Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: Is the A 2A Adenosine Receptor Its Target? Biomolecules 2023; 13:967. [PMID: 37371547 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent kind of dementia with roughly 135 million cases expected in the world by 2050. Unfortunately, current medications for the treatment of AD can only relieve symptoms but they do not act as disease-modifying agents that can stop the course of AD. Caffeine is one of the most widely used drugs in the world today, and a number of clinical studies suggest that drinking coffee may be good for health, especially in the fight against neurodegenerative conditions such as AD. Experimental works conducted "in vivo" and "in vitro" provide intriguing evidence that caffeine exerts its neuroprotective effects by antagonistically binding to A2A receptors (A2ARs), a subset of GPCRs that are triggered by the endogenous nucleoside adenosine. This review provides a summary of the scientific data supporting the critical role that A2ARs play in memory loss and cognitive decline, as well as the evidence supporting the protective benefits against neurodegeneration that may be attained by caffeine's antagonistic action on these receptors. They are a novel and fascinating target for regulating and enhancing synaptic activity, achieving symptomatic and potentially disease-modifying effects, and protecting against neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Merighi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Travagli
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuela Nigro
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Pasquini
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Cappello
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Contri
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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16
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Madeira D, Lopes CR, Simões AP, Canas PM, Cunha RA, Agostinho P. Astrocytic A 2A receptors silencing negatively impacts hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory of adult mice. Glia 2023. [PMID: 37183905 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are wired to bidirectionally communicate with neurons namely with synapses, thus shaping synaptic plasticity, which in the hippocampus is considered to underlie learning and memory. Adenosine A2A receptors (A2A R) are a potential candidate to modulate this bidirectional communication, since A2A R regulate synaptic plasticity and memory and also control key astrocytic functions. Nonetheless, little is known about the role of astrocytic A2A R in synaptic plasticity and hippocampal-dependent memory. Here, we investigated the impact of genetic silencing astrocytic A2A R on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory of adult mice. The genetic A2A R silencing in astrocytes was accomplished by a bilateral injection into the CA1 hippocampal area of a viral construct (AAV5-GFAP-GFP-Cre) that inactivate A2A R expression in astrocytes of male adult mice carrying "floxed" A2A R gene, as confirmed by A2A R binding assays. Astrocytic A2A R silencing alters astrocytic morphology, typified by an increment of astrocytic arbor complexity, and led to deficits in spatial reference memory and compromised hippocampal synaptic plasticity, typified by a reduction of LTP magnitude and a shift of synaptic long-term depression (LTD) toward LTP. These data indicate that astrocytic A2A R control astrocytic morphology and influence hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory of adult mice in a manner different from neuronal A2A R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Madeira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra (CNC- UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia R Lopes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra (CNC- UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana P Simões
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra (CNC- UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra (CNC- UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra (CNC- UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra (CNC- UC), Coimbra, Portugal
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17
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Ialongo D, Tudino V, Arpacioglu M, Messore A, Patacchini E, Costi R, Di Santo R, Madia VN. Synergistic Effects of Caffeine in Combination with Conventional Drugs: Perspectives of a Drug That Never Ages. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050730. [PMID: 37242514 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have been known since ancient times for their healing properties, being used as preparations against human diseases of different etiologies. More recently, natural products have been studied and characterized, isolating the phytochemicals responsible for their bioactivity. Most certainly, there are currently numerous active compounds extracted from plants and used as drugs, dietary supplements, or sources of bioactive molecules that are useful in modern drug discovery. Furthermore, phytotherapeutics can modulate the clinical effects of co-administered conventional drugs. In the last few decades, the interest has increased even more in studying the positive synergistic effects between plant-derived bioactives and conventional drugs. Indeed, synergism is a process where multiple compounds act together to exert a merged effect that is greater than that of each of them summed together. The synergistic effects between phytotherapeutics and conventional drugs have been described in different therapeutic areas, and many drugs are based on synergistic interactions with plant derivatives. Among them, caffeine has shown positive synergistic effects with different conventional drugs. Indeed, in addition to their multiple pharmacological activities, a growing body of evidence highlights the synergistic effects of caffeine with different conventional drugs in various therapeutic fields. This review aims to provide an overview of the synergistic therapeutic effects of caffeine and conventional drugs, summarizing the progress reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ialongo
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Tudino
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Merve Arpacioglu
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Messore
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Patacchini
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Costi
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Santo
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Noemi Madia
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
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18
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Launay A, Nebie O, Vijaya Shankara J, Lebouvier T, Buée L, Faivre E, Blum D. The role of adenosine A 2A receptors in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109379. [PMID: 36572177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine signals through four distinct G protein-coupled receptors that are located at various synapses, cell types and brain areas. Through them, adenosine regulates neuromodulation, neuronal signaling, learning and cognition as well as the sleep-wake cycle, all strongly impacted in neurogenerative disorders, among which Alzheimer's Disease (AD). AD is a complex form of cognitive deficits characterized by two pathological hallmarks: extracellular deposits of aggregated β-amyloid peptides and intraneuronal fibrillar aggregates of hyper- and abnormally phosphorylated Tau proteins. Both lesions contribute to the early dysfunction and loss of synapses which are strongly associated to the development of cognitive decline in AD patients. The present review focuses on the pathophysiological impact of the A2ARs dysregulation observed in cognitive area from AD patients. We are reviewing not only evidence of the cellular changes in A2AR levels in pathological conditions but also describe what is currently known about their consequences in term of synaptic plasticity, neuro-glial miscommunication and memory abilities. We finally summarize the proof-of-concept studies that support A2AR as credible targets and the clinical interest to repurpose adenosine drugs for the treatment of AD and related disorders. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Purinergic Signaling: 50 years".
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Launay
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Ouada Nebie
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Jhenkruthi Vijaya Shankara
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Thibaud Lebouvier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France; CHU Lille, Memory Clinic, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Emilie Faivre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - David Blum
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France.
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19
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Chen JF, Choi DS, Cunha RA. Striatopallidal adenosine A 2A receptor modulation of goal-directed behavior: Homeostatic control with cognitive flexibility. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109421. [PMID: 36634866 PMCID: PMC10132052 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of goal-directed behaviors under stressful or pathological conditions results in impaired decision-making and loss of flexibility of thoughts and behaviors, which underlie behavioral deficits ranging from depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders and drug addiction. Tackling the neuromodulators fine-tuning this core behavioral element may facilitate the development of effective strategies to control these deficits present in multiple psychiatric disorders. The current investigation of goal-directed behaviors has concentrated on dopamine and glutamate signaling in the corticostriatal pathway. In accordance with the beneficial effects of caffeine intake on mood and cognitive dysfunction, we now propose that caffeine's main site of action - adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) - represent a novel target to homeostatically control goal-directed behavior and cognitive flexibility. A2AR are abundantly expressed in striatopallidal neurons and colocalize and interact with dopamine D2, NMDA and metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors to integrate dopamine and glutamate signaling. Specifically, striatopallidal A2AR (i) exert an overall "break" control of a variety of cognitive processes, making A2AR antagonists a novel strategy for improving goal-directed behavior; (ii) confer homeostatic control of goal-directed behavior by acting at multiple sites with often opposite effects, to enhance cognitive flexibility; (iii) integrate dopamine and adenosine signaling through multimeric A2AR-D2R heterocomplexes allowing a temporally precise fine-tuning in response to local signaling changes. As the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved the A2AR antagonist Nourianz® (istradefylline) to treat Parkinson's disease, striatal A2AR-mediated control of goal-directed behavior may offer a new and real opportunity for improving deficits of goal-directed behavior and enhance cognitive flexibility under various neuropsychiatric conditions. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Purinergic Signaling: 50 years".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Fan Chen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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20
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Ribeiro DE, Petiz LL, Glaser T, Oliveira-Giacomelli Á, Andrejew R, Saab FDAR, Milanis MDS, Campos HC, Sampaio VFA, La Banca S, Longo BM, Lameu C, Tang Y, Resende RR, Ferreira ST, Ulrich H. Purinergic signaling in cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109371. [PMID: 36502867 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
About 10 million new cases of dementia develop worldwide each year, of which up to 70% are attributable to Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition to the widely known symptoms of memory loss and cognitive impairment, AD patients frequently develop non-cognitive symptoms, referred to as behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs). Sleep disorders are often associated with AD, but mood alterations, notably depression and apathy, comprise the most frequent class of BPSDs. BPSDs negatively affect the lives of AD patients and their caregivers, and have a significant impact on public health systems and the economy. Because treatments currently available for AD are not disease-modifying and mainly aim to ameliorate some of the cognitive symptoms, elucidating the mechanisms underlying mood alterations and other BPSDs in AD may reveal novel avenues for progress in AD therapy. Purinergic signaling is implicated in the pathophysiology of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as AD, depression and sleep disorders. Here, we review recent findings indicating that purinergic receptors, mainly the A1, A2A, and P2X7 subtypes, are associated with the development/progression of AD. Current evidence suggests that targeting purinergic signaling may represent a promising therapeutic approach in AD and related conditions. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Purinergic Signaling: 50 years".
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Affiliation(s)
- Deidiane Elisa Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lyvia Lintzmaier Petiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Talita Glaser
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Andrejew
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Milena da Silva Milanis
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Correia Campos
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sophia La Banca
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Monteiro Longo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudiana Lameu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yong Tang
- International Collaborative Centre on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sergio T Ferreira
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; International Collaborative Centre on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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21
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Dias L, Pochmann D, Lemos C, Silva HB, Real JI, Gonçalves FQ, Rial D, Gonçalves N, Simões AP, Ferreira SG, Agostinho P, Cunha RA, Tomé AR. Increased Synaptic ATP Release and CD73-Mediated Formation of Extracellular Adenosine in the Control of Behavioral and Electrophysiological Modifications Caused by Chronic Stress. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1299-1309. [PMID: 36881648 PMCID: PMC10080657 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased ATP release and its extracellular catabolism through CD73 (ecto-5'-nucleotidase) lead to the overactivation of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR), which occurs in different brain disorders. A2AR blockade blunts mood and memory dysfunction caused by repeated stress, but it is unknown if increased ATP release coupled to CD73-mediated formation of extracellular adenosine is responsible for A2AR overactivation upon repeated stress. This was now investigated in adult rats subject to repeated stress for 14 consecutive days. Frontocortical and hippocampal synaptosomes from stressed rats displayed an increased release of ATP upon depolarization, coupled to an increased density of vesicular nucleotide transporters and of CD73. The continuous intracerebroventricular delivery of the CD73 inhibitor α,β-methylene ADP (AOPCP, 100 μM) during restraint stress attenuated mood and memory dysfunction. Slice electrophysiological recordings showed that restraint stress decreased long-term potentiation both in prefrontocortical layer II/III-layer V synapses and in hippocampal Schaffer fibers-CA1 pyramid synapses, which was prevented by AOPCP, an effect occluded by adenosine deaminase and by the A2AR antagonist SCH58261. These results indicate that increased synaptic ATP release coupled to CD73-mediated formation of extracellular adenosine contributes to mood and memory dysfunction triggered by repeated restraint stress. This prompts considering interventions decreasing ATP release and CD73 activity as novel strategies to mitigate the burden of repeated stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Dias
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,FMUC─Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Pochmann
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Lemos
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique B Silva
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana I Real
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Q Gonçalves
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniel Rial
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nélio Gonçalves
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Patrícia Simões
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Samira G Ferreira
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,FMUC─Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,FMUC─Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Angelo R Tomé
- CNC─Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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22
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Bozorgi H, Rashidy-Pour A, Moradikor N, Motaghi E, Zamani M, Budde T, Darbanian H. Reversal of chronic restraint stress-induced memory impairment by Japanese sake yeast supplement in mice: Role of adenosine A 1 and A 2A receptors. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 161:123-131. [PMID: 36921500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Controversial studies indicate the adenosine compound (a neuromodulator with neuroprotective activity) intervention on cognitive performance. On the other hand, Japanese sake yeast has been enriched with oral adenosine analogs as a novel natural agent. As the first report, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Japanese sake yeast supplement in a mouse model of chronic restraint stress-induced cognitive dysfunction. Mice were subjected to a one-week stress protocol and concomitantly treated orally with sake yeast at the dose level of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg once daily for a week. The spatial and conditioned fear memory functions were evaluated with the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and the Passive Avoidance Learning (PAL) test, respectively. In all dosing regimens, improvements in spatial cognition were observed significantly in the MWM. 200 and 300 mg/kg of sake yeast significantly improved short- and long-term fear memory functions in the PAL test. Memory-enhancing effect of sake yeast was potentiated by the injection of ZM241385 (15 mg/kg), a selective adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist, but completely disappeared by the injection of 8-cyclopentyltheophylline (CPT-8, 10 mg/kg), a selective adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) antagonist. The findings of the present study demonstrate the efficacy of sake yeast in acting as a cognitive performance-enhancing agent. Eventually, sake yeast and its ingredient S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) may be useful in improving memory in patients suffering from many dementia forms including Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Bozorgi
- Research Center of Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Moradikor
- International Center for Neuroscience Research, Institute for Intelligent Research, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Ehsan Motaghi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | | | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - Hamed Darbanian
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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23
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Wang S, Ma Y, Huang Y, Hu Y, Huang Y, Wu Y. Potential bioactive compounds and mechanisms of Fibraurea recisa Pierre for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease analyzed by network pharmacology and molecular docking prediction. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1052249. [PMID: 36570530 PMCID: PMC9772884 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1052249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese medicines have been documented to have anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activities according to the accumulated clinical experience and pharmacological research results in recent decades. In this study, Fibraurea recisa Pierre (FRP), the classic type of Heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese medicine, was selected as the object of research. Methods 12 components with anti-AD activities were identified in FRP by a variety of methods, including silica gel column chromatography, multiple databases, and literature searches. Then, network pharmacology and molecular docking were adopted to systematically study the potential anti-AD mechanism of these compounds. Consequently, it was found that these 12 compounds could act on 235 anti-AD targets, of which AKT and other targets were the core targets. Meanwhile, among these 235 targets, 71 targets were identified to be significantly correlated with the pathology of amyloid beta (Aβ) and Tau. Results and discussion In view of the analysis results of the network of active ingredients and targets, it was observed that palmatine, berberine, and other alkaloids in FRP were the key active ingredients for the treatment of AD. Further, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were the most significant signaling pathways for FRP to play an anti-AD role. Findings in our study suggest that multiple primary active ingredients in FRP can play a multitarget anti-AD effect by regulating key physiological processes such as neurotransmitter transmission and anti-inflammation. Besides, key ingredients such as palmatine and berberine in FRP are expected to be excellent leading compounds of multitarget anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Center for Evidence Based Medical and Clinical Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Center for Evidence Based Medical and Clinical Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yuping Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Hu
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China,*Correspondence: Yuhui Hu,
| | - Yushan Huang
- Center for Evidence Based Medical and Clinical Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Yushan Huang,
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Yi Wu,
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24
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Franco R, Lillo A, Navarro G, Reyes-Resina I. The adenosine A 2A receptor is a therapeutic target in neurological, heart and oncogenic diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:791-800. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2136570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Franco
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Neurobiology laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lillo
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Neuropharmacology laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology. School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Neuropharmacology laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology. School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Neuropharmacology laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology. School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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He W, Xie X, Li C, Ding H, Ye J. Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist Improves Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation and Excitatory Neurotoxicity in Chronic Periodontitis Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196267. [PMID: 36234803 PMCID: PMC9571030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH58261 has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, its role in chronic periodontitis (CP)-induced cognitive impairment, which is associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis LPS), remains unclear. This study investigated the role of SCH58261 in mice with CP-induced cognitive impairment. C57BL/6J mice were used to develop CP model by injecting 0.5 mg/kg P. gingivalis LPS into the palatal gingival sulcus of maxillary first molars twice a week for four weeks. The mice were divided into control, P. gingivalis LPS (P-LPS), P-LPS + SCH58261, and SCH58261 groups. The passive avoidance test (PAT) and Morris water maze (MWM) were used to assess cognition in mice. Furthermore, CD73/adenosine, neuroinflammation, glutamate transporters, and glutamate were assessed. Compared with the P-LPS group, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg SCH58261 increased latency and decreased error times in PAT, but increased platform crossing number in MWM. SCH58261 inhibited microglial activation, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and glutamate levels, but increased GLT-1 and PSD95 expression in the hippocampus. This was the first report of SCH58261 treatment for CP-induced cognitive impairment, which may be related to its anti-inflammatory activities and anti-glutamate excitatory neurotoxicity. This suggests that SCH58261 can be used as a novel agent to treat cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendan He
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Wuhan Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-8586-0666
| | - Xianlong Xie
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Hospital of Wuhan Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Laboratory for Tumor Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Head and Neurocenter, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Huang Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jishi Ye
- Department of Pain, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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26
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Koike-Kumagai M, Fujimoto M, Wataya-Kaneda M. Sirolimus relieves seizures and neuropsychiatric symptoms via changes of microglial polarity in tuberous sclerosis complex model mice. Neuropharmacology 2022; 218:109203. [PMID: 35931213 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder involving a variety of physical manifestations, and is associated with epilepsy and multiple serious neuropsychiatric symptoms. These symptoms are collectively known as TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TAND), which is a severe burden for patients and their families. Overactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) by mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 is thought to cause TSC, and mTORC1 inhibitors such as sirolimus and everolimus are reported to be effective against various tumor types of TSC. However, there are various reports on the effect of mTORC1 inhibitor therapy on TAND in patients with TSC, which may or may not be effective. In our previous investigations, we generated TSC2 conditional knockout mice (Mitf-Cre, Tsc2 KO; Tsc2 cKO). These mice developed spontaneous epileptic activity. In the current study, we further analyzed the detailed behaviors of Tsc2 cKO mice and confirmed that they exhibited phenotypes of TAND as well as epileptic seizures, indicating that Tsc2 cKO mice are a useful model for TAND. Furthermore, the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex caused epilepsy and TAND in Tsc2 cKO mice, and neurodegeneration was observed. Immunohistology and immunophenotypic analysis of cells, and quantitative RT-PCR suggested that changes in microglial polarity were involved in the onset of TSC epilepsy and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Although the effect of mTORC1 inhibitors on TAND has not been established, the results of this study might help elucidate the mechanism of TAND pathogenesis and suggest that sirolimus may be a valuable therapeutic tool for TAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Koike-Kumagai
- Department of Neurocutaneous Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Mari Wataya-Kaneda
- Department of Neurocutaneous Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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27
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Dias L, Madeira D, Dias R, Tomé ÂR, Cunha RA, Agostinho P. Aβ 1-42 peptides blunt the adenosine A 2A receptor-mediated control of the interplay between P 2X 7 and P 2Y 1 receptors mediated calcium responses in astrocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:457. [PMID: 35907034 PMCID: PMC11071907 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04492-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of astrocytes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still ill defined. AD involves an abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) and increased production of danger signals such as ATP. ATP can direct or indirectly, through its metabolism into adenosine, trigger adaptive astrocytic responses resulting from intracellular Ca2+ oscillations. AD also triggers an upregulation of astrocytic adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR), which blockade prevents memory dysfunction in AD. We now investigated how Aβ peptides affect ATP-mediated Ca2+ responses in astrocytes measured by fluorescence live-cell imaging and whether A2AR control astrocytic Ca2+ responses mediated by ATP receptors, mainly P2X7R and P2Y1R. In primary cultures of rat astrocytes exposed to Aβ1-42, ATP-evoked Ca2+ responses had a lower amplitude but a longer duration than in control astrocytes and involved P2X7R and P2Y1R, the former potentiating the later. Moreover, Aβ1-42 exposure increased protein levels of P2Y1R in astrocytes. A2AR antagonism with SCH58261 controlled in a protein kinase A-dependent manner both P2X7R- and P2Y1R-mediated Ca2+ responses in astrocytes. The interplay between these purinoceptors in astrocytes was blunted upon exposure to Aβ1-42. These findings uncover the ability of A2AR to regulate the inter-twinned P2X7R- and P2Y1R-mediated Ca2+ dynamics in astrocytes, which is disrupted in conditions of early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Dias
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Madeira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael Dias
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ângelo R Tomé
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, 1st Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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28
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Carvalho da Silva AM, Lemos C, Silva HB, Ferreira IL, Tomé AR, Rego AC, Cunha RA. Simultaneous Alteration of the Circadian Variation of Memory, Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity, and Metabolism in a Triple Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:835885. [PMID: 35431906 PMCID: PMC9009366 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.835885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive memory deficits accompanied by synaptic and metabolic deficits, namely of mitochondrial function. AD patients also display a disrupted circadian pattern. Thus, we now compared memory performance, synaptic plasticity, and mitochondria function in 24-week-old non-transgenic (non-Tg) and triple transgenic male mice modeling AD (3xTg-AD) at Zeitgeber 04 (ZT-4, inactive phase) and ZT-16 (active phase). Using the Morris water maze test to minimize the influence of circadian-associated locomotor activity, we observed a circadian variation in hippocampus-dependent learning performance in non-Tg mice, which was impaired in 3xTg-AD mice. 3xTg-AD mice also displayed a lack of circadian variation of their performance in the reversal spatial learning task. Additionally, the amplitude of hippocampal long-term potentiation also exhibited a circadian profile in non-Tg mice, which was not observed in 3xTg-AD mice. Moreover, cerebral cortical synaptosomes of non-Tg mice also displayed a circadian variation of FCCP-stimulated oxygen consumption as well as in mitochondrial calcium retention that were blunted in 3xTg-AD mice. In sum, this multidimensional study shows that the ability to maintain a circadian oscillation in brain behavior, synaptic plasticity, and synaptic mitochondria function are simultaneously impaired in 3xTg-AD mice, highlighting the effects of circadian misalignment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- António M. Carvalho da Silva
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- *Correspondence: António M. Carvalho da Silva,
| | - Cristina Lemos
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique B. Silva
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ildete L. Ferreira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Angelo R. Tomé
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A. Cristina Rego
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- A. Cristina Rego,
| | - Rodrigo A. Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Rodrigo A. Cunha,
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29
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Sunkaria A, Bhardwaj S. Sleep Disturbance and Alzheimer's Disease: The Glial Connection. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1799-1815. [PMID: 35303225 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03578-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Poor quality and quantity of sleep are very common in elderly people throughout the world. Growing evidence has suggested that sleep disturbances could accelerate the process of neurodegeneration. Recent reports have shown a positive correlation between sleep deprivation and amyloid-β (Aβ)/tau aggregation in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. Glial cells have long been implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and recent findings have also suggested their role in regulating sleep homeostasis. However, how glial cells control the sleep-wake balance and exactly how disturbed sleep may act as a trigger for Alzheimer's or other neurological disorders have recently gotten attention. In an attempt to connect the dots, the present review has highlighted the role of glia-derived sleep regulatory molecules in AD pathogenesis. Role of glia in sleep disturbance and Alzheimer's progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sunkaria
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Supriya Bhardwaj
- Department of Dermatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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30
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Expression of the Adenosine A2A-A3 Receptor Heteromer in Different Brain Regions and Marked Upregulation in the Microglia of the Transgenic APPSw,Ind Alzheimer’s Disease Model. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020214. [PMID: 35203424 PMCID: PMC8869194 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine (Ado) receptors have been instrumental in the detection of heteromers and other higher-order receptor structures, mainly via interactions with other cell surface G-protein-coupled receptors. Apart from the first report of the A1 Ado receptor interacting with the A2A Ado receptor, there has been more recent data on the possibility that every Ado receptor type, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3, may interact with each other. The aim of this paper was to look for the expression and function of the A2A/A3 receptor heteromer (A2AA3Het) in neurons and microglia. In situ proximity ligation assays (PLA), performed in primary cells, showed that A2AA3Het expression was markedly higher in striatal than in cortical and hippocampal neurons, whereas it was similar in resting and activated microglia. Signaling assays demonstrated that the effect of the A2AR agonist, PSB 777, was reduced in the presence of the A3R agonist, 2-Cl-IB-MECA, whereas the effect of the A3R agonist was potentiated by the A2AR antagonist, SCH 58261. Interestingly, the expression of the heteromer was markedly enhanced in microglia from the APPSw,Ind model of Alzheimer’s disease. The functionality of the heteromer in primary microglia from APPSw,Ind mice was more similar to that found in resting microglia from control mice.
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31
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Eastman G, Sharlow ER, Lazo JS, Bloom GS, Sotelo-Silveira JR. Transcriptome and Translatome Regulation of Pathogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:365-386. [PMID: 35034904 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defining cellular mechanisms that drive Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and progression will be aided by studies defining how gene expression patterns change during pre-symptomatic AD and ensuing periods of declining cognition. Previous studies have emphasized changes in transcriptome, but not translatome regulation, leaving the ultimate results of gene expression alterations relatively unexplored in the context of AD. OBJECTIVE To identify genes whose expression might be regulated at the transcriptome and translatome levels in AD, we analyzed gene expression in cerebral cortex of two AD model mouse strains, CVN (APPSwDI;NOS2 -/- ) and Tg2576 (APPSw), and their companion wild type (WT) strains at 6 months of age by tandem RNA-Seq and Ribo-Seq (ribosome profiling). METHODS Identical starting pools of bulk RNA were used for RNA-Seq and Ribo-Seq. Differential gene expression analysis was performed at the transcriptome, translatome, and translational efficiency levels. Regulated genes were functionally evaluated by gene ontology tools. RESULTS Compared to WT mice, AD model mice had similar levels of transcriptome regulation, but differences in translatome regulation. A microglial signature associated with early stages of Aβ accumulation was upregulated at both levels in CVN mice. Although the two mice strains did not share many regulated genes, they showed common regulated pathways related to AβPP metabolism associated with neurotoxicity and neuroprotection. CONCLUSION This work represents the first genome-wide study of brain translatome regulation in animal models of AD and provides evidence of a tight and early translatome regulation of gene expression controlling the balance between neuroprotective and neurodegenerative processes in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Eastman
- Departamento de Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Sharlow
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - John S Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - George S Bloom
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - José R Sotelo-Silveira
- Departamento de Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Sección Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Blockade of adenosine A 2A receptor alleviates cognitive dysfunction after chronic exposure to intermittent hypoxia in mice. Exp Neurol 2021; 350:113929. [PMID: 34813840 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is widely known for its multiple systems damage, especially neurocognitive deficits in children. Since their discovery, adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs) have been considered as key elements in signaling pathways mediating neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's, as well as cognitive function regulation. Herein, we investigated A2AR role in cognitive impairment induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Mice were exposed to CIH 7 h every day for 4 weeks, and intraperitoneally injected with A2AR agonist CGS21680 or A2AR antagonist SCH58261 half an hour before IH exposure daily. The 8-arm radial arm maze was utilized to assess spatial memory after CIH exposures.To validate findings using pharmacology, the impact of intermittent hypoxia was investigated in A2AR knockout mice. CIH-induced memory dysfunction was manifested by increased error rates in the radial arm maze test. The behavioral changes were associated with hippocampal pathology, neuronal apoptosis, and synaptic plasticity impairment. The stimulation of adenosine A2AR exacerbated memory impairment with more serious neuropathological damage, attenuated long-term potentiation (LTP), syntaxin down-regulation, and increased BDNF protein. Moreover, apoptosis-promoting protein cleaved caspase-3 was upregulated while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was downregulated. Consistent with these findings, A2AR inhibition with SCH58261 and A2AR deletion exhibited the opposite result. Overall, these findings suggest that A2AR plays a critical role in CIH-induced impairment of learning and memory by accelerating hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and reducing synaptic plasticity. Blockade of adenosine A2A receptor alleviates cognitive dysfunction after chronic exposure to intermittent hypoxia in mice.
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Teixeira FC, Soares MSP, Blödorn EB, Domingues WB, Reichert KP, Zago AM, Carvalho FB, Gutierres JM, Gonçales RA, da Cruz Fernandes M, Campos VF, Chitolina MR, Stefanello FM, Spanevello RM. Investigating the Effect of Inosine on Brain Purinergic Receptors and Neurotrophic and Neuroinflammatory Parameters in an Experimental Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:841-855. [PMID: 34792730 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative pathology characterized by progressive impairment of memory, associated with neurochemical alterations and limited therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inosine on memory, neuroinflammatory cytokines, neurotrophic factors, expression of purinergic receptors, and morphological changes in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the rats with AD induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Male rats were divided into four groups: I, control; II, STZ; III, STZ plus inosine (50 mg/kg); and IV, STZ plus inosine (100 mg/kg). The animals received intracerebroventricular injections of STZ or buffer. Three days after the surgical procedure, animals were treated with inosine (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) for 25 days. Inosine was able to prevent memory deficits and decreased the immunoreactivity of the brain A2A adenosine receptor induced by STZ. Inosine also increased the levels of brain anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor. Changes induced by STZ in the molecular layer of the hippocampus were attenuated by treatment with inosine. Inosine also protected against the reduction of immunoreactivity for synaptophysin induced by STZ in CA3 hippocampus region. However, inosine did not prevent the increase in GFAP in animals exposed to STZ. In conclusion, our findings suggest that inosine has therapeutic potential for AD through the modulation of different brain mechanisms involved in neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cardoso Teixeira
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação E Câncer, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Bioquímica E Bioprospeção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação E Câncer, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Bioquímica E Bioprospeção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bierhaus Blödorn
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - William Borges Domingues
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Paula Reichert
- Laboratório de Enzimologia Toxicológica, Programa de Pós- Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Maria Zago
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Patologia, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Barbosa Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Patologia, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jessie Martins Gutierres
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Patologia, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Marilda da Cruz Fernandes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Patologia, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Farias Campos
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina
- Laboratório de Enzimologia Toxicológica, Programa de Pós- Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Programa de Pós - Graduação Em Bioquímica E Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação E Câncer, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Bioquímica E Bioprospeção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
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He H, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Guo Y, Yan X, Lei Y, Shen X, Liu W, Luo L. Boronate affinity directing adenosine imprinted nanomagnetic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes for selective extraction of nucleosides in urine sample. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Association Between Adenosine A 2A Receptors and Connexin 43 Regulates Hemichannels Activity and ATP Release in Astrocytes Exposed to Amyloid-β Peptides. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:6232-6248. [PMID: 34476674 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates astrocytes and the associated purinergic modulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive deficits involving the extracellular amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) accumulation. Aβ can affect astrocytic gliotransmitters release, namely ATP, which is rapidly metabolized into adenosine by ecto-5'-nucleotidase, CD73, resulting in adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) activation that bolsters neurodegeneration. AD's brains exhibit an upregulation of A2AR and of connexin 43 (Cx43), which in astrocytes forms hemichannels that can mediate ATP release. However, a coupling between astrocytic A2AR and Cx43 remains to be established. This was now investigated using astrocytic primary cultures exposed to Aβ1-42 peptides. Aβ triggered ATP release through Cx43 hemichannels, a process blocked by A2AR antagonists and mimicked by selective A2AR activation. A2AR directly regulated hemichannels activity and prevented Cx43 upregulation and phosphorylation observed in Aβ1-42-exposed astrocytes. Moreover, a proximity ligand assay revealed a physical association between astrocytic A2AR and Cx43. Finally, the blockade of CD73-mediated extracellular formation of ATP-derived adenosine prevented the Aβ-induced increase of Cx43 hemichannel activity and of ATP release. Overall, the data identify a feed-forward loop involving astrocytic A2AR and Cx43 hemichannels, whereby A2AR increase Cx43 hemichannel activity leading to increased ATP release, which is converted into adenosine by CD73, sustaining the increased astrocytic A2AR activity in AD-like conditions.
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Sánchez-Melgar A, Izquierdo-Ramírez PJ, Palomera-Ávalos V, Pallàs M, Albasanz JL, Martín M. High-Fat and Resveratrol Supplemented Diets Modulate Adenosine Receptors in the Cerebral Cortex of C57BL/6J and SAMP8 Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093040. [PMID: 34578918 PMCID: PMC8466958 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are devastating diseases in which aging is a major risk factor. High-fat diet (HFD) seems to contribute to cognition deterioration, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Moreover, resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to counteract the loss of cognition associated with age. Our study aimed to investigate whether the adenosinergic system and plasma membrane cholesterol are modulated by HFD and RSV in the cerebral cortex of C57BL/6J and SAMP8 mice. Results show that HFD induced increased A1R and A2AR densities in C57BL/6J, whereas this remained unchanged in SAMP8. Higher activity of 5′-Nucleotidase was found as a common effect induced by HFD in both mice strains. Furthermore, the effect of HFD and RSV on A2BR density was different depending on the mouse strain. RSV did not clearly counteract the HFD-induced effects on the adenosinergic system. Besides, no changes in free-cholesterol levels were detected in the plasma membrane of cerebral cortex in both strains. Taken together, our data suggest a different modulation of adenosine receptors depending on the mouse strain, not related to changes in plasma membrane cholesterol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sánchez-Melgar
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
| | - Pedro José Izquierdo-Ramírez
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
| | - Verónica Palomera-Ávalos
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.P.-Á.); (M.P.)
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.P.-Á.); (M.P.)
| | - José Luis Albasanz
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mairena Martín
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
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37
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Moreira-de-Sá A, Lourenço VS, Canas PM, Cunha RA. Adenosine A 2A Receptors as Biomarkers of Brain Diseases. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:702581. [PMID: 34335174 PMCID: PMC8322233 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.702581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine is produced with increased metabolic activity or stress, acting as a paracrine signal of cellular effort. Adenosine receptors are most abundant in the brain, where adenosine acts through inhibitory A1 receptors to decrease activity/noise and through facilitatory A2A receptors (A2AR) to promote plastic changes in physiological conditions. By bolstering glutamate excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation, A2AR also contribute to synaptic and neuronal damage, as heralded by the neuroprotection afforded by the genetic or pharmacological blockade of A2AR in animal models of ischemia, traumatic brain injury, convulsions/epilepsy, repeated stress or Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases. A2AR overfunction is not only necessary for the expression of brain damage but is actually sufficient to trigger brain dysfunction in the absence of brain insults or other disease triggers. Furthermore, A2AR overfunction seems to be an early event in the demise of brain diseases, which involves an increased formation of ATP-derived adenosine and an up-regulation of A2AR. This prompts the novel hypothesis that the evaluation of A2AR density in afflicted brain circuits may become an important biomarker of susceptibility and evolution of brain diseases once faithful PET ligands are optimized. Additional relevant biomarkers would be measuring the extracellular ATP and/or adenosine levels with selective dyes, to identify stressed regions in the brain. A2AR display several polymorphisms in humans and preliminary studies have associated different A2AR polymorphisms with altered morphofunctional brain endpoints associated with neuropsychiatric diseases. This further prompts the interest in exploiting A2AR polymorphic analysis as an ancillary biomarker of susceptibility/evolution of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moreira-de-Sá
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vanessa S Lourenço
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Chang CP, Chang YG, Chuang PY, Nguyen TNA, Wu KC, Chou FY, Cheng SJ, Chen HM, Jin LW, Carvalho K, Huin V, Buée L, Liao YF, Lin CJ, Blum D, Chern Y. Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 inhibition rescues energy dysfunction and pathology in a model of tauopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:112. [PMID: 34158119 PMCID: PMC8220833 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau pathology is instrumental in the gradual loss of neuronal functions and cognitive decline in tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Earlier reports showed that adenosine metabolism is abnormal in the brain of AD patients while consequences remained ill-defined. Herein, we aimed at investigating whether manipulation of adenosine tone would impact Tau pathology, associated molecular alterations and subsequent neurodegeneration. We demonstrated that treatment with an inhibitor (J4) of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) exerted beneficial effects in a mouse model of Tauopathy. Treatment with J4 not only reduced Tau hyperphosphorylation but also rescued memory deficits, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic loss, and abnormal expression of immune-related gene signatures. These beneficial effects were particularly ascribed to the ability of J4 to suppress the overactivation of AMPK (an energy reduction sensor), suggesting that normalization of energy dysfunction mitigates neuronal dysfunctions in Tauopathy. Collectively, these data highlight that targeting adenosine metabolism is a novel strategy for tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Pang Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Gin Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Thi Ngoc Anh Nguyen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yi Chou
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Jhong Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Mei Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Carvalho
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Huin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Yung-Feng Liao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Blum
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, Lille, France.
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The purine alkaloid caffeine is the most widely consumed psychostimulant drug in the world and has multiple beneficial pharmacological activities, for example, in neurodegenerative diseases. However, despite being an extensively studied bioactive natural product, the mechanistic understanding of caffeine's pharmacological effects is incomplete. While several molecular targets of caffeine such as adenosine receptors and phosphodiesterases have been known for decades and inspired numerous medicinal chemistry programs, new protein interactions of the xanthine are continuously discovered providing potentially improved pharmacological understanding and a molecular basis for future medicinal chemistry. In this Perspective, we gather knowledge on the confirmed protein interactions, structure activity relationship, and chemical biology of caffeine on well-known and upcoming targets. The diversity of caffeine's molecular activities on receptors and enzymes, many of which are abundant in the CNS, indicates a complex interplay of several mechanisms contributing to neuroprotective effects and highlights new targets as attractive subjects for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Faudone
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Silvia Arifi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Lopes CR, Cunha RA, Agostinho P. Astrocytes and Adenosine A 2A Receptors: Active Players in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:666710. [PMID: 34054416 PMCID: PMC8155589 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.666710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes, through their numerous processes, establish a bidirectional communication with neurons that is crucial to regulate synaptic plasticity, the purported neurophysiological basis of memory. This evidence contributed to change the classic “neurocentric” view of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), being astrocytes increasingly considered a key player in this neurodegenerative disease. AD, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, is characterized by a deterioration of memory and of other cognitive functions. Although, early cognitive deficits have been associated with synaptic loss and dysfunction caused by amyloid-β peptides (Aβ), accumulating evidences support a role of astrocytes in AD. Astrocyte atrophy and reactivity occurring at early and later stages of AD, respectively, involve morphological alterations that translate into functional changes. However, the main signals responsible for astrocytic alterations in AD and their impact on synaptic function remain to be defined. One possible candidate is adenosine, which can be formed upon extracellular catabolism of ATP released by astrocytes. Adenosine can act as a homeostatic modulator and also as a neuromodulator at the synaptic level, through the activation of adenosine receptors, mainly of A1R and A2AR subtypes. These receptors are also present in astrocytes, being particularly relevant in pathological conditions, to control the morphofunctional responses of astrocytes. Here, we will focus on the role of A2AR, since they are particularly associated with neurodegeneration and also with memory processes. Furthermore, A2AR levels are increased in the AD brain, namely in astrocytes where they can control key astrocytic functions. Thus, unveiling the role of A2AR in astrocytes function might shed light on novel therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia R Lopes
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Merighi S, Poloni TE, Pelloni L, Pasquini S, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Gessi S. An Open Question: Is the A 2A Adenosine Receptor a Novel Target for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment? Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:652455. [PMID: 33828485 PMCID: PMC8019913 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.652455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Merighi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tino Emanuele Poloni
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation and ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Lucia Pelloni
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Pasquini
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Rodrigues-Neves AC, Carecho R, Correia SC, Carvalho C, Campos EJ, Baptista FI, Moreira PI, Ambrósio AF. Retina and Brain Display Early and Differential Molecular and Cellular Changes in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3043-3060. [PMID: 33606195 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The concept 'the retina as a window to the brain' has been increasingly explored in Alzheimer´s disease (AD) in recent years, since some patients present visual alterations before the first symptoms of dementia. The retina is an extension of the brain and can be assessed by noninvasive methods. However, assessing the retina for AD diagnosis is still a matter of debate. Using the triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD; males), this study was undertaken to investigate whether the retina and brain (hippocampus and cortex) undergo similar molecular and cellular changes during the early stages (4 and 8 months) of the pathology, and if the retina can anticipate the alterations occurring in the brain. We assessed amyloid-beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) levels, barrier integrity, cell death, neurotransmitter levels, and glial changes. Overall, the retina, hippocampus, and cortex of 3xTg-AD are not significantly affected at these early stages. However, we detected a few differential changes in the retina and brain regions, and particularly a different profile in microglia branching in the retina and hippocampus, only at 4 months, where the number and length of the processes decreased in the retina and increased in the hippocampus. In summary, at the early stages of pathology, the retina, hippocampus, and cortex are not significantly affected but already present some molecular and cellular alterations. The retina did not mirror the changes detected in the brain, and these observations should be taking into account when using the retina as a potential diagnostic tool for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Rodrigues-Neves
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael Carecho
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Catarina Correia
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Carvalho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisa Julião Campos
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipa Isabel Baptista
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Isabel Moreira
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal. .,Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal.
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43
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Potential of Caffeine in Alzheimer's Disease-A Review of Experimental Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020537. [PMID: 33562156 PMCID: PMC7915779 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia leading to progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment. Considering that pharmacological treatment options for AD are few and not satisfactory, increasing attention is being paid to dietary components that may affect the development of the disease. Such a dietary component may be caffeine contained in coffee, tea or energy drinks. Although epidemiological data suggest that caffeine intake may counteract the development of cognitive impairment, results of those studies are not conclusive. The aim of the present study is to review the existing experimental studies on the efficacy of caffeine against AD and AD-related cognitive impairment, focusing on the proposed protective mechanisms of action. In conclusion, the reports of studies on experimental AD models generally supported the notion that caffeine may exert some beneficial effects in AD. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of caffeine in the effects of its sources on cognition and possibly AD risk.
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44
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Zika virus exposure affects neuron-glia communication in the hippocampal slices of adult rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21604. [PMID: 33303883 PMCID: PMC7729948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78735-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy was associated with microcephaly in neonates, but clinical and experimental evidence indicate that ZIKV also causes neurological complications in adults. However, the changes in neuron-glial communication, which is essential for brain homeostasis, are still unknown. Here, we report that hippocampal slices from adult rats exposed acutely to ZIKV showed significant cellular alterations regarding to redox homeostasis, inflammatory process, neurotrophic functions and molecular signalling pathways associated with neurons and glial cells. Our findings support the hypothesis that ZIKV is highly neurotropic and its infection readily induces an inflammatory response, characterized by an increased expression and/or release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We also observed changes in neural parameters, such as adenosine receptor A2a expression, as well as in the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neuron-specific enolase, indicating plasticity synaptic impairment/neuronal damage. In addition, ZIKV induced a glial commitment, with alterations in specific and functional parameters such as aquaporin 4 expression, S100B secretion and glutathione synthesis. ZIKV also induced p21 senescence-associated gene expression, indicating that ZIKV may induce early senescence. Taken together, our results indicate that ZIKV-induced neuroinflammation, involving nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) pathways, affects important aspects of neuron-glia communication. Therefore, although ZIKV infection is transient, long-term consequences might be associated with neurological and/or neurodegenerative diseases.
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45
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Salminen A. Hypoperfusion is a potential inducer of immunosuppressive network in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2020; 142:104919. [PMID: 33242538 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which causes a non-reversible cognitive impairment and dementia. The primary cause of late-onset AD remains unknown although its pathology was discovered over a century ago. Recently, the vascular hypothesis of AD has received backing from evidence emerging from neuroimaging studies which have revealed the presence of a significant hypoperfusion in the brain regions vulnerable to AD pathology. In fact, hypoxia can explain many of the pathological changes evident in AD pathology, e.g. the deposition of β-amyloid plaques and chronic low-grade inflammation. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) stimulates inflammatory responses and modulates both innate and adaptive immunity. It is known that hypoxia-induced inflammation evokes compensatory anti-inflammatory response involving tissue-resident microglia/macrophages and infiltrated immune cells. Hypoxia/HIF-1α induce immunosuppression by (i) increasing the expression of immunosuppressive genes, (ii) stimulating adenosinergic signaling, (iii) enhancing aerobic glycolysis, i.e. lactate production, and (iv) augmenting the secretion of immunosuppressive exosomes. Interestingly, it seems that these common mechanisms are also involved in the pathogenesis of AD. In AD pathology, an enhanced immunosuppression appears, e.g. as a shift in microglia/macrophage phenotypes towards the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and an increase in the numbers of regulatory T cells (Treg). The augmented anti-inflammatory capacity promotes the resolution of acute inflammation but persistent inflammation has crucial effects not only on immune cells but also harmful responses to the homeostasis of AD brain. I will examine in detail the mechanisms of the hypoperfusion/hypoxia-induced immunosuppressive state in general and especially, in its association with AD pathogenesis. These immunological observations support the vascular hypothesis of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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46
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Moreira-de-Sá A, Gonçalves FQ, Lopes JP, Silva HB, Tomé ÂR, Cunha RA, Canas PM. Adenosine A 2A receptors format long-term depression and memory strategies in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 146:105137. [PMID: 33049319 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss of function of the maternally inherited Ube3a neuronal protein, whose main features comprise severe intellectual disabilities and motor impairments. Previous studies with the Ube3am-/p+ mouse model of AS revealed deficits in synaptic plasticity and memory. Since adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) are powerful modulators of aberrant synaptic plasticity and A2AR blockade prevents memory dysfunction in various brain diseases, we tested if A2AR could control deficits of memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in AS. We observed that Ube3am-/p+ mice were unable to resort to hippocampal-dependent search strategies when tested for learning and memory in the Morris water maze; this was associated with a decreased magnitude of long-term depression (LTD) in CA1 hippocampal circuits. There was an increased density of A2AR in the hippocampus of Ube3am-/p+ mice and their chronic treatment with the selective A2AR antagonist SCH58261 (0.1 mg/kg/day, ip) restored both hippocampal-dependent learning strategies, as well as LTD deficits. Altogether, this study provides the first evidence of a role of A2AR as a new prospective therapeutic target to manage learning deficits in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moreira-de-Sá
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Q Gonçalves
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P Lopes
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique B Silva
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ângelo R Tomé
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- CNC- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
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47
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Jacobson KA, Gao Z, Matricon P, Eddy MT, Carlsson J. Adenosine A2Areceptor antagonists: from caffeine to selective non‐xanthines. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 179:3496-3511. [DOI: 10.1111/bph.15103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic ChemistryNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Zhan‐Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic ChemistryNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Pierre Matricon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life LaboratoryUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew T. Eddy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Jens Carlsson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life LaboratoryUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
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48
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Tescarollo FC, Rombo DM, DeLiberto LK, Fedele DE, Alharfoush E, Tomé ÂR, Cunha RA, Sebastião AM, Boison D. Role of Adenosine in Epilepsy and Seizures. J Caffeine Adenosine Res 2020; 10:45-60. [PMID: 32566903 DOI: 10.1089/caff.2019.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenous anticonvulsant and neuroprotectant of the brain. Seizure activity produces large quantities of adenosine, and it is this seizure-induced adenosine surge that normally stops a seizure. However, within the context of epilepsy, adenosine plays a wide spectrum of different roles. It not only controls seizures (ictogenesis), but also plays a major role in processes that turn a normal brain into an epileptic brain (epileptogenesis). It is involved in the control of abnormal synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration and plays a major role in the expression of comorbid symptoms and complications of epilepsy, such as sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Given the important role of adenosine in epilepsy, therapeutic strategies are in development with the goal to utilize adenosine augmentation not only for the suppression of seizures but also for disease modification and epilepsy prevention, as well as strategies to block adenosine A2A receptor overfunction associated with neurodegeneration. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of adenosine in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio C Tescarollo
- Deptartment of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Diogo M Rombo
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Lisbon, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- Deptartment of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Denise E Fedele
- Deptartment of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Enmar Alharfoush
- Deptartment of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ângelo R Tomé
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Lisbon, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Detlev Boison
- Deptartment of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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49
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Carvalho K, Faivre E, Pietrowski MJ, Marques X, Gomez-Murcia V, Deleau A, Huin V, Hansen JN, Kozlov S, Danis C, Temido-Ferreira M, Coelho JE, Mériaux C, Eddarkaoui S, Gras SL, Dumoulin M, Cellai L, Landrieu I, Chern Y, Hamdane M, Buée L, Boutillier AL, Levi S, Halle A, Lopes LV, Blum D. Exacerbation of C1q dysregulation, synaptic loss and memory deficits in tau pathology linked to neuronal adenosine A2A receptor. Brain 2020; 142:3636-3654. [PMID: 31599329 PMCID: PMC6821333 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data support the role of tau pathology in cognitive decline in ageing and Alzheimer’s disease, but underlying mechanisms remain ill-defined. Interestingly, ageing and Alzheimer’s disease have been associated with an abnormal upregulation of adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), a fine tuner of synaptic plasticity. However, the link between A2AR signalling and tau pathology has remained largely unexplored. In the present study, we report for the first time a significant upregulation of A2AR in patients suffering from frontotemporal lobar degeneration with the MAPT P301L mutation. To model these alterations, we induced neuronal A2AR upregulation in a tauopathy mouse model (THY-Tau22) using a new conditional strain allowing forebrain overexpression of the receptor. We found that neuronal A2AR upregulation increases tau hyperphosphorylation, potentiating the onset of tau-induced memory deficits. This detrimental effect was linked to a singular microglial signature as revealed by RNA sequencing analysis. In particular, we found that A2AR overexpression in THY-Tau22 mice led to the hippocampal upregulation of C1q complement protein—also observed in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration—and correlated with the loss of glutamatergic synapses, likely underlying the observed memory deficits. These data reveal a key impact of overactive neuronal A2AR in the onset of synaptic loss in tauopathies, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Carvalho
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Emilie Faivre
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | | | - Xavier Marques
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Inserm UMR-S 1270, Sorbonne Université, F, Paris, France
| | - Victoria Gomez-Murcia
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Aude Deleau
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Vincent Huin
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Jan N Hansen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kozlov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Clément Danis
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France.,University of Lille, CNRS UMR8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, F Lille, France
| | - Mariana Temido-Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana E Coelho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Céline Mériaux
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Sabiha Eddarkaoui
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Le Gras
- CNRS, Inserm, UMR 7104, GenomEast Platform, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, F Illkirch, France
| | | | - Lucrezia Cellai
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | | | - Isabelle Landrieu
- University of Lille, CNRS UMR8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, F Lille, France
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Malika Hamdane
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
| | - Anne-Laurence Boutillier
- Laboratoire de Neuroscience Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), CNRS UMR 7364, Université de Strasbourg, F Strasbourg, France
| | - Sabine Levi
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Inserm UMR-S 1270, Sorbonne Université, F, Paris, France
| | - Annett Halle
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luisa V Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David Blum
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, LabEx DISTALZ, F Lille, France
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50
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Cunha RA. Overactivity of neuronal adenosine A2A receptors accelerates neurodegeneration. Brain 2020; 142:3323-3324. [PMID: 31665752 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Exacerbation of C1q dysregulation, synaptic loss and memory deficits in tau pathology linked to neuronal adenosine A2A receptors’, by Carvalho et al. (doi:10.1093/brain/awz288).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Cunha
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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