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Coarelli G, Dubec-Fleury C, Petit E, Sayah S, Fischer C, Nassisi M, Gatignol P, Dorgham K, Daghsen L, Daye P, Cunha P, Kacher R, Hilab R, Hurmic H, Lamazière A, Lamy JC, Welter ML, Chupin M, Mangin JF, Lane R, Gaymard B, Pouget P, Audo I, Brice A, Tezenas du Montcel S, Durr A. Longitudinal Changes of Clinical, Imaging, and Fluid Biomarkers in Preataxic and Early Ataxic Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 and 7 Carriers. Neurology 2024; 103:e209749. [PMID: 39133883 PMCID: PMC11361831 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Brain MRI abnormalities and increases in neurofilament light chain (NfL) have mostly been observed in cross-sectional studies before ataxia onset in polyglutamine spinocerebellar ataxias. Our study aimed to identify longitudinal changes in biological, clinical, and/or imaging biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 2 and SCA7 carriers over 1 year. METHODS We studied SCA2 and SCA7 carriers and controls (expansion-negative relatives) at the Paris Brain Institute. Inclusion criteria included Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) scores between 0 and 15. Assessments at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months comprised neurologic, quality of life, orofacial motor, neuropsychological, and ophthalmologic examinations, along with gait and oculomotor recordings, brain MRI, CSF, and blood sampling. The primary outcome was the longitudinal change in these assessments over 1 year. RESULTS We included 15 SCA2 carriers, 15 SCA7 carriers, and 10 controls between May 2020 and April 2021. At baseline, the ages were similar (41 [37, 46] for SCA2, 38 [28.5, 39.8] for SCA7, and 39.5 [31, 54.5] for controls, p = 0.78), as well the sex (p = 0.61); SARA scores were low but different (4 [1.25, 6.5] in SCA2, 2 [0, 11.5] in SCA7, and 0 in controls, p < 0.01). Pons and medulla volumes were smaller in SCAs (p < 0.05) and cerebellum volume only in SCA2 (p = 0.01). Plasma NfL levels were higher in SCA participants (SCA2: 14.2 pg/mL [11.52, 15.89], SCA7: 15.53 [13.27, 23.23]) than in controls (4.88 [3.56, 6.17], p < 0.001). After 1-year follow-up, in SCA2, there was significant pons (-144 ± 60 mm3) and cerebellum (-1,508 ± 580 mm3) volume loss and a worsening of gait assessment; in SCA7, SARA score significantly increased (+1.3 ± 0.4) and outer retinal nuclear layer thickness decreased (-15.4 ± 1.6 μm); for both SCA groups, the orofacial motor assessment significantly worsened. For preataxic and early ataxic carriers, the strongest longitudinal deterioration on outcome measures was orofacial motility in SCA2 and retinal thickness in SCA7. DISCUSSION Despite the limitation of the small sample size, we detected annual changes in preataxic and early ataxic SCA individuals across brain MRI imaging, clinical scores, gait parameters, and retinal thickness. These parameters could serve as potential end points for future therapeutic trials in the preataxic phase. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04288128.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Coarelli
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Dubec-Fleury
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Emilien Petit
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Sayah
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Clara Fischer
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marco Nassisi
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Peggy Gatignol
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Karim Dorgham
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lina Daghsen
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Daye
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Paulina Cunha
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Radhia Kacher
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Rania Hilab
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Hortense Hurmic
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Lamazière
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Lamy
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Welter
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie Chupin
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Roger Lane
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Gaymard
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Pouget
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Audo
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Tezenas du Montcel
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- From the Sorbonne Université (G.C., C.D.-F., E.P., S.S., L.D., P.C., R.K., R.H., H.H., J.-C.L., M.-L.W., P.P., A.B., S.T.d.M., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, INRIA, APHP; CATI (C.F., M.C., J.-F.M.), US52-UAR2031, CEA, Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, APHP; Sorbonne Université (M.N., I.A.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (M.N., I.A.), National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423; Sorbonne Université (P.G.), Inserm, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; Sorbonne Université (K.D.), Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), France; P3lab (P.D.), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique; Clinical Metabolomic Department (A.L.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Antoine Hospital, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, France; Ionis Pharmaceuticals (R.L.), Carlsbad, CA; and Service de Neurophysiologie (B.G.), University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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2
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Fortier M, Cauhapé M, Buono S, Becker J, Menuet A, Branchu J, Ricca I, Mero S, Dorgham K, El Hachimi KH, Dobrenis K, Colsch B, Samaroo D, Devaux M, Durr A, Stevanin G, Santorelli FM, Colombo S, Cowling B, Darios F. Decreasing ganglioside synthesis delays motor and cognitive symptom onset in Spg11 knockout mice. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106564. [PMID: 38876323 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Biallelic variants in the SPG11 gene account for the most common form of autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by motor and cognitive impairment, with currently no therapeutic option. We previously observed in a Spg11 knockout mouse that neurodegeneration is associated with accumulation of gangliosides in lysosomes. To test whether a substrate reduction therapy could be a therapeutic option, we downregulated the key enzyme involved in ganglioside biosynthesis using an AAV-PHP.eB viral vector expressing a miRNA targeting St3gal5. Downregulation of St3gal5 in Spg11 knockout mice prevented the accumulation of gangliosides, delayed the onset of motor and cognitive symptoms, and prevented the upregulation of serum levels of neurofilament light chain, a biomarker widely used in neurodegenerative diseases. Importantly, similar results were observed when Spg11 knockout mice were administrated venglustat, a pharmacological inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase expected to decrease ganglioside synthesis. Downregulation of St3gal5 or venglustat administration in Spg11 knockout mice strongly decreased the formation of axonal spheroids, previously associated with impaired trafficking. Venglustat had similar effect on cultured human SPG11 neurons. In conclusion, this work identifies the first disease-modifying therapeutic strategy in SPG11, and provides data supporting its relevance for therapeutic testing in SPG11 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Fortier
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Margaux Cauhapé
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Suzie Buono
- Dynacure SA (now Flamingo Therapeutics NV), Illkirch, France
| | - Julien Becker
- Dynacure SA (now Flamingo Therapeutics NV), Illkirch, France
| | - Alexia Menuet
- Dynacure SA (now Flamingo Therapeutics NV), Illkirch, France
| | - Julien Branchu
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Ivana Ricca
- Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Mero
- Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Khalid-Hamid El Hachimi
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Kostantin Dobrenis
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Benoit Colsch
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Dominic Samaroo
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Morgan Devaux
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris, France; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, NRGen Team, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Sophie Colombo
- Dynacure SA (now Flamingo Therapeutics NV), Illkirch, France
| | - Belinda Cowling
- Dynacure SA (now Flamingo Therapeutics NV), Illkirch, France
| | - Frédéric Darios
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM Institut du Cerveau), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
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3
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van Prooije TH, Kapteijns KCJ, van Asten JJA, IntHout J, Verbeek MM, Scheenen TWJ, van de Warrenburg BP. Multimodal, Longitudinal Profiling of SCA1 Identifies Predictors of Disease Severity and Progression. Ann Neurol 2024. [PMID: 39096063 DOI: 10.1002/ana.27032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. Objective surrogate markers sensitive to detect changes in disease severity are needed to reduce sample sizes in interventional trials and identification of predictors of faster disease progression would facilitate patient selection, enrichment, or stratification in such trials. METHODS We performed a prospective 1-year longitudinal, multimodal study in 34 ataxic SCA1 individuals and 21 healthy controls. We collected clinical, patient-reported outcomes, biochemical and magnetic resonance (MR) biomarkers at baseline and after 1 year. We determined 1-year progression and evaluated the potential predictive value of several baseline markers on 1-year disease progression. RESULTS At baseline, multiple structural and spectroscopic MR markers in pons and cerebellum differentiated SCA1 from healthy controls and correlated with disease severity. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NfL) chain and CSF glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were elevated in SCA1. In longitudinal analysis, total brainstem and pontine volume change, inventory of non-ataxia signs (INAS) count, and SCA functional index (SCAFI) showed larger responsiveness compared to the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Longer disease duration, longer non-expanded CAG repeat length, and higher disease burden were associated with faster SARA increase after 1-year in the SCA1 group. Similarly, lower baseline brainstem, pontine, and cerebellar volumes, as well as lower levels of N-acetylaspartate and glutamate in the cerebellar white matter, were also associated with faster SARA increase. INTERPRETATION Our results guide the selection of the most sensitive measures of disease progression in SCA1 and have identified features associated with accelerated progression that could inform the design of clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teije H van Prooije
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kirsten C J Kapteijns
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jack J A van Asten
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Joanna IntHout
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bart P van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Zhang H, Wang X. The Role of Protein Quantity Control in Polyglutamine Spinocerebellar Ataxias. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024:10.1007/s12311-024-01722-w. [PMID: 39052145 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-024-01722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Polyglutamine spinocerebellar ataxias (polyQ SCAs) represent the most prevalent subtype of SCAs. The primary pathogenic mechanism is believed to be the gain-of-function neurotoxicity of polyQ proteins. Strategies such as enhancing the degradation or inhibiting the accumulation of these mutant proteins are pivotal for reducing their toxicity and slowing disease progression. The protein quality control (PQC) system, comprising primarily molecular chaperones and the ubiquitin‒proteasome system (UPS), is essential for maintaining protein homeostasis by regulating protein folding, trafficking, and degradation. Notably, polyQ proteins can disrupt the PQC system by sequestering its critical components and impairing its proteasomal functions. Therefore, restoring the PQC system through genetic or pharmacological interventions could potentially offer beneficial effects and alleviate the symptoms of the disease. Here, we will provide a review on the distribution, expression, and genetic or pharmacological intervention of protein quality control system in cellular or animal models of PolyQ SCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong, China.
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Soto-Piña AE, Pulido-Alvarado CC, Dulski J, Wszolek ZK, Magaña JJ. Specific Biomarkers in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: A Systematic Review of Their Potential Uses in Disease Staging and Treatment Assessment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8074. [PMID: 39125644 PMCID: PMC11311810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most common type of disease related to poly-glutamine (polyQ) repeats. Its hallmark pathology is related to the abnormal accumulation of ataxin 3 with a longer polyQ tract (polyQ-ATXN3). However, there are other mechanisms related to SCA3 progression that require identifying trait and state biomarkers for a more accurate diagnosis and prognosis. Moreover, the identification of potential pharmacodynamic targets and assessment of therapeutic efficacy necessitates valid biomarker profiles. The aim of this review was to identify potential trait and state biomarkers and their potential value in clinical trials. Our results show that, in SCA3, there are different fluid biomarkers involved in neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, metabolism, miRNA and novel genes. However, neurofilament light chain NfL and polyQ-ATXN3 stand out as the most prevalent in body fluids and SCA3 stages. A heterogeneity analysis of NfL revealed that it may be a valuable state biomarker, particularly when measured in plasma. Nonetheless, since it could be a more beneficial approach to tracking SCA3 progression and clinical trial efficacy, it is more convenient to perform a biomarker profile evaluation than to rely on only one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Soto-Piña
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (C.C.P.-A.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Caroline C. Pulido-Alvarado
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (C.C.P.-A.)
| | - Jaroslaw Dulski
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
- Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Neurology Department, St Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus PL Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Jonathan J. Magaña
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación—Luis Guillermo Ibarra, Ibarra, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico;
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 14380, Mexico
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Seemann J, Daghsen L, Cazier M, Lamy JC, Welter ML, Giese MA, Synofzik M, Durr A, Ilg W, Coarelli G. Digital Gait Measures Capture 1-Year Progression in Early-Stage Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2. Mov Disord 2024; 39:788-797. [PMID: 38419144 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With disease-modifying drugs in reach for cerebellar ataxias, fine-grained digital health measures are highly warranted to complement clinical and patient-reported outcome measures in upcoming treatment trials and treatment monitoring. These measures need to demonstrate sensitivity to capture change, in particular in the early stages of the disease. OBJECTIVE Our aim is to unravel gait measures sensitive to longitudinal change in the-particularly trial-relevant-early stage of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). METHODS We performed a multicenter longitudinal study with combined cross-sectional and 1-year interval longitudinal analysis in early-stage SCA2 participants (n = 23, including nine pre-ataxic expansion carriers; median, ATXN2 CAG repeat expansion 38 ± 2; median, Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia [SARA] score 4.8 ± 4.3). Gait was assessed using three wearable motion sensors during a 2-minute walk, with analyses focused on gait measures of spatio-temporal variability that have shown sensitivity to ataxia severity (eg, lateral step deviation). RESULTS We found significant changes for gait measures between baseline and 1-year follow-up with large effect sizes (lateral step deviation P = 0.0001, effect size rprb = 0.78), whereas the SARA score showed no change (P = 0.67). Sample size estimation indicates a required cohort size of n = 43 to detect a 50% reduction in natural progression. Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change analysis confirm the accuracy of detecting 50% of the identified 1-year change. CONCLUSIONS Gait measures assessed by wearable sensors can capture natural progression in early-stage SCA2 within just 1 year-in contrast to a clinical ataxia outcome. Lateral step deviation represents a promising outcome measure for upcoming multicenter interventional trials, particularly in the early stages of cerebellar ataxia. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Seemann
- Section Computational Sensomotorics, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lina Daghsen
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Cazier
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Lamy
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Welter
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Martin A Giese
- Section Computational Sensomotorics, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Winfried Ilg
- Section Computational Sensomotorics, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Giulia Coarelli
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Paris, France
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7
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Nassisi M, Coarelli G, Blanchard B, Dubec-Fleury C, Drine K, Kitic N, Sancho S, Hilab R, Tezenas du Montcel S, Junge C, Lane R, Arnold HM, Durr A, Audo I. ATXN7-Related Cone-Rod Dystrophy: The Integrated Functional Evaluation of the Cerebellum (CERMOI) Study. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:301-308. [PMID: 38421662 PMCID: PMC10905377 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Importance Reliable biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic values are needed for upcoming gene therapy trials for spinocerebellar ataxias. Objective To identify ophthalmological biomarkers in a sample of spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) carriers. Design, Setting, and Participants This article presents baseline data from a cross-sectional natural history study conducted in Paris, France, reference centers for rare diseases from May 2020 to April 2021. Data were analyzed from September to December 2022. Fifteen adult ATXN7 pathogenic expansion carriers (9 with preataxia and 6 with ataxia) were included, all with a Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score of 15 of 40 or lower. Patients were recruited at the Paris Brain Institute, and all contacted patients accepted to participate in the study. Main Outcomes and Measures Three visits (baseline, 6 months, and 12 months) were planned, including neurological examination (SARA and Composite Cerebellar Functional Severity Score), ophthalmological examination (best-corrected visual acuity, microperimetry, full-field electroretinogram, optical coherence tomography, and fundus autofluorescence imaging), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) measurements. Here we report the baseline ophthalmic data from the cohort and determine whether there is a correlation between disease scores and ophthalmic results. Results Among the 15 included SCA7 carriers (median [range] age, 38 [18-60] years; 8 women and 7 men), 12 displayed cone or cone-rod dystrophy, with the number of CAG repeats correlating with disease severity (ρ, 0.73, 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.90; P < .001). Two patients with cone-rod dystrophy exhibited higher repeat numbers and greater ataxia scores (median [range] SARA score, 9 [7-15]) compared to those with only cone dystrophy (median [range] SARA score, 2 [0-5]). A correlation emerged for outer nuclear layer thickness with SARA score (ρ, -0.88; 95% CI, -0.96 to -0.59; P < .001) and NfL levels (ρ, -0.87; 95% CI, -0.86 to 0.96; P < .001). Moreover, ataxia severity was correlated with visual acuity (ρ: 0.89; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.96; P < .001) and retinal sensitivity (ρ, -0.88; 95% CI, -0.96 to 0.59; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, retinal abnormalities were found at preataxic stages of the disease. Most of the carriers presented with cone dystrophy and preserved rod function. The outer nuclear layer thickness correlated with SARA score and plasma NfL levels suggesting nuclear layer thickness to be a biomarker of disease severity. These findings contribute to understanding the dynamics of SCA7-related retinal dystrophy and may help lay the groundwork for future therapeutic intervention monitoring and clinical trials. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04288128.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Nassisi
- Sorbonne Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, National Rare Disease Center REFERET and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Directorate General of Health Care Provision, Centres d’Investigations Cliniques 1423, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Coarelli
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Blanchard
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, National Rare Disease Center REFERET and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Directorate General of Health Care Provision, Centres d’Investigations Cliniques 1423, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Dubec-Fleury
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Karima Drine
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, National Rare Disease Center REFERET and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Directorate General of Health Care Provision, Centres d’Investigations Cliniques 1423, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Kitic
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, National Rare Disease Center REFERET and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Directorate General of Health Care Provision, Centres d’Investigations Cliniques 1423, Paris, France
| | - Serge Sancho
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, National Rare Disease Center REFERET and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Directorate General of Health Care Provision, Centres d’Investigations Cliniques 1423, Paris, France
| | - Rania Hilab
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Tezenas du Montcel
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Roger Lane
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | | | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Audo
- Sorbonne Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, National Rare Disease Center REFERET and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Directorate General of Health Care Provision, Centres d’Investigations Cliniques 1423, Paris, France
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8
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Duncan JL. Retinal End Points for ATXN7-Related Spinocerebellar Ataxia. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:308-309. [PMID: 38421660 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacque L Duncan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco
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9
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Yabe I. [Recent clinical advances in hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2024; 64:135-147. [PMID: 38382935 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia and other multisystem manifestations, such as Parkinsonism and pyramidal tract symptoms. No effective treatment is available for SCD. Approximately one-third of the cases of SCD are inherited, and the remaining two-third are sporadic, including multiple system atrophy. This article provides an overview of hereditary SCD, its clinical features, recent treatment advances, biomarkers, role of genomic medicine, and future treatment prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yabe
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
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10
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Stephen CD, Vangel M, Gupta AS, MacMore JP, Schmahmann JD. Rates of change of pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters are diagnostic of multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae019. [PMID: 38410617 PMCID: PMC10896291 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Definitive diagnosis of multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type (MSA-C) is challenging. We hypothesized that rates of change of pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters on MRI would be unique to MSA-C and serve as diagnostic biomarkers. We defined the normative data for anterior-posterior pons and transverse middle cerebellar peduncle diameters on brain MRI in healthy controls, performed diameter-volume correlations and measured intra- and inter-rater reliability. We studied an Exploratory cohort (2002-2014) of 88 MSA-C and 78 other cerebellar ataxia patients, and a Validation cohort (2015-2021) of 49 MSA-C, 13 multiple system atrophy of the parkinsonian type (MSA-P), 99 other cerebellar ataxia patients and 314 non-ataxia patients. We measured anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters on baseline and subsequent MRIs, and correlated results with Brief Ataxia Rating Scale scores. We assessed midbrain:pons and middle cerebellar peduncle:pons ratios over time. The normative anterior-posterior pons diameter was 23.6 ± 1.6 mm, and middle cerebellar peduncle diameter 16.4 ± 1.4 mm. Pons diameter correlated with volume, r = 0.94, P < 0.0001. The anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle measures were smaller at first scan in MSA-C compared to all other ataxias; anterior-posterior pons diameter: Exploratory, 19.3 ± 2.6 mm versus 20.7 ± 2.6 mm, Validation, 19.9 ± 2.1 mm versus 21.1 ± 2.1 mm; middle cerebellar peduncle transverse diameter, Exploratory, 12.0 ± 2.6 mm versus 14.3 ±2.1 mm, Validation, 13.6 ± 2.1 mm versus 15.1 ± 1.8 mm, all P < 0.001. The anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle rates of change were faster in MSA-C than in all other ataxias; anterior-posterior pons diameter rates of change: Exploratory, -0.87 ± 0.04 mm/year versus -0.09 ± 0.02 mm/year, Validation, -0.89 ± 0.48 mm/year versus -0.10 ± 0.21 mm/year; middle cerebellar peduncle transverse diameter rates of change: Exploratory, -0.84 ± 0.05 mm/year versus -0.08 ± 0.02 mm/year, Validation, -0.94 ± 0.64 mm/year versus -0.11 ± 0.27 mm/year, all values P < 0.0001. Anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters were indistinguishable between Possible, Probable and Definite MSA-C. The rate of anterior-posterior pons atrophy was linear, correlating with ataxia severity. Using a lower threshold anterior-posterior pons diameter decrease of -0.4 mm/year to balance sensitivity and specificity, area under the curve analysis discriminating MSA-C from other ataxias was 0.94, yielding sensitivity 0.92 and specificity 0.87. For the middle cerebellar peduncle, with threshold decline -0.5 mm/year, area under the curve was 0.90 yielding sensitivity 0.85 and specificity 0.79. The midbrain:pons ratio increased progressively in MSA-C, whereas the middle cerebellar peduncle:pons ratio was almost unchanged. Anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters were smaller in MSA-C than in MSA-P, P < 0.001. We conclude from this 20-year longitudinal clinical and imaging study that anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters are phenotypic imaging biomarkers of MSA-C. In the correct clinical context, an anterior-posterior pons and transverse middle cerebellar peduncle diameter decline of ∼0.8 mm/year is sufficient for and diagnostic of MSA-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Stephen
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mark Vangel
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Anoopum S Gupta
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jason P MacMore
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jeremy D Schmahmann
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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11
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Faber J, Berger M, Wilke C, Hubener-Schmid J, Schaprian T, Santana MM, Grobe-Einsler M, Onder D, Koyak B, Giunti P, Garcia-Moreno H, Gonzalez-Robles C, Lima M, Raposo M, Melo ARV, de Almeida LP, Silva P, Pinto MM, van de Warrenburg BP, van Gaalen J, de Vries J, Oz G, Joers JM, Synofzik M, Schols L, Riess O, Infante J, Manrique L, Timmann D, Thieme A, Jacobi H, Reetz K, Dogan I, Onyike C, Povazan M, Schmahmann J, Ratai EM, Schmid M, Klockgether T. Stage-Dependent Biomarker Changes in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:400-406. [PMID: 37962377 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease is the most common autosomal dominant ataxia. In view of the development of targeted therapies, knowledge of early biomarker changes is needed. We analyzed cross-sectional data of 292 spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease mutation carriers. Blood concentrations of mutant ATXN3 were high before and after ataxia onset, whereas neurofilament light deviated from normal 13.3 years before onset. Pons and cerebellar white matter volumes decreased and deviated from normal 2.2 years and 0.6 years before ataxia onset. We propose a staging model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease that includes a biomarker stage characterized by objective indicators of neurodegeneration before ataxia onset. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:400-406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Faber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- University of Bonn, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carlo Wilke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jeannette Hubener-Schmid
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tamara Schaprian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Magda M Santana
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcus Grobe-Einsler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Demet Onder
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Berkan Koyak
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paola Giunti
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurogenetics, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Hector Garcia-Moreno
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurogenetics, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Cristina Gonzalez-Robles
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurogenetics, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Manuela Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Raposo
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rosa Vieira Melo
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrick Silva
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria M Pinto
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bart P van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Judith van Gaalen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Vries
- University Medical Center Groningen, Neurology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gulin Oz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James M Joers
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research & Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ludger Schols
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research & Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jon Infante
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Centro de investigación biomédica en red de enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Leire Manrique
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Dagmar Timmann
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Thieme
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Heike Jacobi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Reetz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Research Centre Juelich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Imis Dogan
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Research Centre Juelich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Chiadikaobi Onyike
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michal Povazan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeremy Schmahmann
- Ataxia Center, Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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12
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Chen Y, Jin Y, Hu Z, Qiu M, Li D, Cai Q, Tao C, Lou D, Qi L, Chen S, Yu H, Gao Z. Association Between Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Neurochemistry Deficits in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:92-100. [PMID: 36598718 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Extensive evidence supports the claim that the serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) can be used as a biomarker to monitor disease severity in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). However, little is known about the associations between sNfL levels and neurochemical alterations in SCA3 patients. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional study to analyze the association between sNfL and brain metabolic changes in SCA3 patients. The severity of ataxia was assessed by using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS). The sNfL levels and brain metabolic changes, represented by N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and choline complex (Cho)/Cr ratios, were measured by a single-molecule array and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. In this cohort, we observed consistently elevated sNfL levels and reduced brain metabolites in the cerebellar hemispheres, dentate nucleus, and cerebellar vermis. However, this correlation was further validated in the cerebellar cortex after analysis using pairwise comparisons and a Bonferroni correction. Taken together, our results further confirmed that sNfL levels were increased in SCA3 patients and were negatively correlated with metabolic changes in the cerebellar cortex. Our data also support the idea that sNfL levels are a promising potential complementary biomarker for patients with SCA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouyao Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiusi Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenjuan Tao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danning Lou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Le Qi
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sidan Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhongming Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Johnsson M, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Lindberg C. Clinical stage and plasma neurofilament concentration in adults with Friedreich ataxia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23347. [PMID: 38163227 PMCID: PMC10755300 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Friedreich Ataxia (FRDA) is the most common recessive ataxia disorder. Yet, little is known of the prevalence in Sweden. In the future, there may be effective disease-modifying therapies, and use of clinical rating scales as well as possible biomarkers in serum or cerebrospinal fluid may be of importance. We evaluated the axonal protein neurofilament light in plasma (p-NfL) as a possible biomarker for disease severity in FRDA. Materials & methods We searched for all possible genetically confirmed FRDA cases in the Västra Götaland Region (VGR) of Sweden, and investigated each patient clinically and obtained blood sample for analysis of p-NfL. Results We found eight patients corresponding to 1/170.000 adults in the VGR, and 5 of these participated in the study. Three out of the five FRDA patients displayed a small or moderate increase in the p-NfL value, compared to the age-adjusted cut-offs for p-NfL established in the Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory at our hospital. The two others were the oldest and most severely affected, displayed normal values according the cut-off values. The cohort is too small to make any statistically significant correlation between the five p-NfL values with regard to disease severity. Conclusions FRDA is less prevalent in our region of Sweden than could be assumed. In concordance with previous studies from other authors, we find that p-NfL may be increased in patients with FRDA, but less so in older more clinically affected patients. Thus, we conclude that on an individual basis, p-NFL is of uncertain clinical value as a suitable biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Johnsson
- Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
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14
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Álvarez-Cuesta JA, Mora-Batista C, Reyes-Carreto R, Carrillo-Rodes FJ, Fitz SJT, González-Zaldivar Y, Vargas-De-León C. On the Cut-Off Value of the Anteroposterior Diameter of the Midbrain Atrophy in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 Patients. Brain Sci 2024; 14:53. [PMID: 38248268 PMCID: PMC10813098 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) is a term that refers to a group of hereditary ataxias, which are neurological diseases characterized by degeneration of the cells that constitute the cerebellum. Studies suggest that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) supports diagnoses of ataxias, and linear measurements of the aneteroposterior diameter of the midbrain (ADM) have been investigated using MRI. These measurements correspond to studies in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) patients and in healthy subjects. Our goal was to obtain the cut-off value for ADM atrophy in SCA2 patients. (2) Methods: This study evaluated 99 participants (66 SCA2 patients and 33 healthy controls). The sample was divided into estimations (80%) and validation (20%) samples. Using the estimation sample, we fitted a logistic model using the ADM and obtained the cut-off value through the inverse of regression. (3) Results: The optimal cut-off value of ADM was found to be 18.21 mm. The area under the curve (AUC) of the atrophy risk score was 0.957 (95% CI: 0.895-0.991). Using this cut-off on the validation sample, we found a sensitivity of 100.00% (95% CI: 76.84%-100.00%) and a specificity of 85.71% (95% CI: 42.13%-99.64%). (4) Conclusions: We obtained a cut-off value that has an excellent discriminatory capacity to identify SCA2 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Álvarez-Cuesta
- Centro de Investigación y Rehabilitación de las Ataxias Hereditarias, VPWP+RM5, Holguín 80100, Cuba; (J.A.Á.-C.); (F.J.C.-R.); (Y.G.-Z.)
| | - Camilo Mora-Batista
- Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39087, Mexico;
| | - Ramón Reyes-Carreto
- Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39087, Mexico;
| | - Frank Jesus Carrillo-Rodes
- Centro de Investigación y Rehabilitación de las Ataxias Hereditarias, VPWP+RM5, Holguín 80100, Cuba; (J.A.Á.-C.); (F.J.C.-R.); (Y.G.-Z.)
| | | | - Yanetza González-Zaldivar
- Centro de Investigación y Rehabilitación de las Ataxias Hereditarias, VPWP+RM5, Holguín 80100, Cuba; (J.A.Á.-C.); (F.J.C.-R.); (Y.G.-Z.)
| | - Cruz Vargas-De-León
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Modelación Bioestadística para la Salud, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
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15
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Quartesan I, Vegezzi E, Currò R, Heslegrave A, Pisciotta C, Iruzubieta P, Salvalaggio A, Fernández‐Eulate G, Dominik N, Rugginini B, Manini A, Abati E, Facchini S, Manso K, Albajar I, Laban R, Rossor AM, Pichiecchio A, Cosentino G, Saveri P, Salsano E, Andreetta F, Valente EM, Zetterberg H, Giunti P, Stojkovic T, Briani C, López de Munain A, Pareyson D, Reilly MM, Houlden H, Tassorelli C, Cortese A. Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Replication Factor Complex Subunit 1 CANVAS and Disease Spectrum. Mov Disord 2024; 39:209-214. [PMID: 38054570 PMCID: PMC10953432 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biallelic intronic AAGGG repeat expansions in the replication factor complex subunit 1 (RFC1) gene were identified as the leading cause of cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome. Patients exhibit significant clinical heterogeneity and variable disease course, but no potential biomarker has been identified to date. OBJECTIVES In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate neurofilament light (NfL) chain serum levels in a cohort of RFC1 disease patients and to correlate NfL serum concentrations with clinical phenotype and disease severity. METHODS Sixty-one patients with genetically confirmed RFC1 disease and 48 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled from six neurological centers. Serum NfL concentration was measured using the single molecule array assay technique. RESULTS Serum NfL concentration was significantly higher in patients with RFC1 disease compared to age- and-sex-matched HCs (P < 0.0001). NfL level showed a moderate correlation with age in both HCs (r = 0.4353, P = 0.0020) and patients (r = 0.4092, P = 0.0011). Mean NfL concentration appeared to be significantly higher in patients with cerebellar involvement compared to patients without cerebellar dysfunction (27.88 vs. 21.84 pg/mL, P = 0.0081). The association between cerebellar involvement and NfL remained significant after controlling for age and sex (β = 0.260, P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Serum NfL levels are significantly higher in patients with RFC1 disease compared to HCs and correlate with cerebellar involvement. Longitudinal studies are warranted to assess its change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Quartesan
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Elisa Vegezzi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Riccardo Currò
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Pablo Iruzubieta
- Neurology Department, Donostia University HospitalOsakidetza, and Biodonostia Health Research Institute‐UPV‐EHUSan SebastiánSpain
| | | | - Gorka Fernández‐Eulate
- Neuro‐myology Department, Institut de Myologie, Pitié‐Salpêtriére HospitalAPHP, Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
| | - Natalia Dominik
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Bianca Rugginini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Arianna Manini
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of NeuroscienceIRCCS Istituto Auxologico ItalianoMilanItaly
| | - Elena Abati
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT)University of MilanMilanItaly
| | | | - Katarina Manso
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Ines Albajar
- Neurology Department, Donostia University HospitalOsakidetza, and Biodonostia Health Research Institute‐UPV‐EHUSan SebastiánSpain
| | - Rhiannon Laban
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alexander M. Rossor
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Cosentino
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Paola Saveri
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Ettore Salsano
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | | | - Enza M. Valente
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesClear Water BayHong KongChina
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Paola Giunti
- Department of Clinical and Movement NeuroscienceUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- Neuro‐myology Department, Institut de Myologie, Pitié‐Salpêtriére HospitalAPHP, Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
| | - Chiara Briani
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Neurology Department, Donostia University HospitalOsakidetza, and Biodonostia Health Research Institute‐UPV‐EHUSan SebastiánSpain
| | | | - Mary M. Reilly
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Cristina Tassorelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Andrea Cortese
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
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16
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Selvadurai LP, Perlman SL, Wilmot GR, Subramony SH, Gomez CM, Ashizawa T, Paulson HL, Onyike CU, Rosenthal LS, Sair HI, Kuo SH, Ratai EM, Zesiewicz TA, Bushara KO, Öz G, Dietiker C, Geschwind MD, Nelson AB, Opal P, Yacoubian TA, Nopoulos PC, Shakkottai VG, Figueroa KP, Pulst SM, Morrison PE, Schmahmann JD. The S-Factor, a New Measure of Disease Severity in Spinocerebellar Ataxia: Findings and Implications. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 22:790-809. [PMID: 35962273 PMCID: PMC10363993 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are progressive neurodegenerative disorders, but there is no metric that predicts disease severity over time. We hypothesized that by developing a new metric, the Severity Factor (S-Factor) using immutable disease parameters, it would be possible to capture disease severity independent of clinical rating scales. Extracting data from the CRC-SCA and READISCA natural history studies, we calculated the S-Factor for 438 participants with symptomatic SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, or SCA6, as follows: ((length of CAG repeat expansion - maximum normal repeat length) /maximum normal repeat length) × (current age - age at disease onset) × 10). Within each SCA type, the S-Factor at the first Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) visit (baseline) was correlated against scores on SARA and other motor and cognitive assessments. In 281 participants with longitudinal data, the slope of the S-Factor over time was correlated against slopes of scores on SARA and other motor rating scales. At baseline, the S-Factor showed moderate-to-strong correlations with SARA and other motor rating scales at the group level, but not with cognitive performance. Longitudinally the S-Factor slope showed no consistent association with the slope of performance on motor scales. Approximately 30% of SARA slopes reflected a trend of non-progression in motor symptoms. The S-Factor is an observer-independent metric of disease burden in SCAs. It may be useful at the group level to compare cohorts at baseline in clinical studies. Derivation and examination of the S-factor highlighted challenges in the use of clinical rating scales in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa P Selvadurai
- Ataxia Center, Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan L Perlman
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George R Wilmot
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sub H Subramony
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Tetsuo Ashizawa
- Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chiadi U Onyike
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liana S Rosenthal
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haris I Sair
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theresa A Zesiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Ataxia Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Khalaf O Bushara
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gülin Öz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cameron Dietiker
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Alexandra B Nelson
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Puneet Opal
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Talene A Yacoubian
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Peggy C Nopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Vikram G Shakkottai
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Karla P Figueroa
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Stefan M Pulst
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Peter E Morrison
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy D Schmahmann
- Ataxia Center, Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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17
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Walia N, Eratne D, Loi SM, Farrand S, Li QX, Malpas CB, Varghese S, Walterfang M, Evans AH, Parker S, Collins SJ, Masters CL, Velakoulis D. Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light and cerebral atrophy in younger-onset dementia and primary psychiatric disorders. Intern Med J 2023; 53:1564-1569. [PMID: 36314730 DOI: 10.1111/imj.15956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neurodegeneration underpins the pathological processes of younger-onset dementia (YOD) and has been implicated in primary psychiatric disorders (PSYs). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NfL) has been used to investigate neurodegeneration severity through correlation with structural brain changes in various conditions, but has seldom been evaluated in YOD and PSYs. METHODS This retrospective study included patients with YOD or PSYs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and CSF NfL analysis. Findings from brain MRI were analysed using automated volumetry (volBrain) to measure white matter (WM), grey matter (GM) and whole brain (WB) volumes expressed as percentages of total intracranial volume. Correlations between NfL and brain volume measurements were computed whilst adjusting for age. RESULTS Seventy patients (47 with YOD and 23 with PSY) were identified. YOD types included Alzheimer disease and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. PSY included schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. MRI brain sequences were either fast spoiler gradient-echo (FSPGR) or magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo (MPRAGE). In the total cohort, higher NfL was associated with reduced WB in the FSPGR and MPRAGE sequences (r = -0.402 [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.593 to -0.147], P = 0.008 and r = -0.625 [95% CI, -0.828 to -0.395], P < 0.001, respectively). Higher NfL was related to reduced GM in FSPGR (r = 0.385 [95% CI, -0.649 to -0.014], P = 0.017) and reduced WM in MPRAGE (r = -0.650 [95% CI, -0.777 to -0.307], P < 0.001). Similar relationships were seen in YOD, but not in PSY. CONCLUSION Higher CSF NfL is related to brain atrophy in YOD, further supporting its use as a nonspecific marker of neurodegeneration severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirbaanjot Walia
- Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dhamidhu Eratne
- Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre & Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samantha M Loi
- Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre & Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Farrand
- Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre & Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- National Dementia and Diagnostics Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles B Malpas
- Clinical Outcomes Research Unit (CORe), Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shiji Varghese
- National Dementia and Diagnostics Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Walterfang
- Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre & Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew H Evans
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaun Parker
- Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven J Collins
- National Dementia and Diagnostics Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- National Dementia and Diagnostics Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre & Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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18
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Mengel D, Wellik IG, Schuster KH, Jarrah SI, Wacker M, Ashraf NS, Öz G, Synofzik M, Costa MDC, McLoughlin HS. Blood levels of neurofilament light are associated with disease progression in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050144. [PMID: 37664882 PMCID: PMC10499033 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased neurofilament light (NfL; NEFL) protein in biofluids is reflective of neurodegeneration and has gained interest as a biomarker across neurodegenerative diseases. In spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), the most common dominantly inherited ataxia, patients exhibit progressive NfL increases in peripheral blood when becoming symptomatic, and NfL remains stably elevated throughout further disease course. However, progressive NfL changes are not yet validated in relevant preclinical SCA3 animal models, hindering its application as a biomarker during therapeutic development. We used ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) to measure blood NfL over disease progression in YACQ84 mice, a model of SCA3, assessing relationships with measures of disease severity including age, CAG repeat size and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. YACQ84 mice exhibited plasma NfL increases that were concomitant with ataxia-related motor deficits as well as increased serum NfL, which correlated with previously established neurometabolite abnormalities, two relevant measures of disease in patients with SCA3. Our findings establish the progression of NfL increases in the preclinical YACQ84 mouse, further supporting the utility of blood NfL as a peripheral neurodegeneration biomarker and informing on coinciding timelines of different measures of SCA3 pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mengel
- Research Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076,Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Isabel G. Wellik
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Kristen H. Schuster
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Sabrina I. Jarrah
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Madeleine Wacker
- Research Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076,Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Naila S. Ashraf
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Gülin Öz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Research Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076,Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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19
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Coarelli G, Coutelier M, Durr A. Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias: new genes and progress towards treatments. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22:735-749. [PMID: 37479376 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are associated with phenotypes that range from pure cerebellar to multisystemic. The list of implicated genes has lengthened in the past 5 years with the inclusion of SCA37/DAB1, SCA45/FAT2, SCA46/PLD3, SCA47/PUM1, SCA48/STUB1, SCA50/NPTX1, SCA25/PNPT1, SCA49/SAM9DL, and SCA27B/FGF14. In some patients, co-occurrence of multiple potentially pathogenic variants can explain variable penetrance or more severe phenotypes. Given this extreme clinical and genetic heterogeneity, genome sequencing should become the diagnostic tool of choice but is still not available in many clinical settings. Treatments tested in phase 2 and phase 3 studies, such as riluzole and transcranial direct current stimulation of the cerebellum and spinal cord, have given conflicting results. To enable early intervention, preataxic carriers of pathogenic variants should be assessed with biomarkers, such as neurofilament light chain and brain MRI; these biomarkers could also be used as outcome measures, given that clinical outcomes are not useful in the preataxic phase. The development of bioassays measuring the concentration of the mutant protein (eg, ataxin-3) might facilitate monitoring of target engagement by gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Coarelli
- Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpeêtrieère University Hospital, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie Coutelier
- Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpeêtrieère University Hospital, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpeêtrieère University Hospital, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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20
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Faber J, Berger M, Carlo W, Hübener-Schmid J, Schaprian T, Santana MM, Grobe-Einsler M, Onder D, Koyak B, Giunti P, Garcia-Moreno H, Gonzalez-Robles C, Lima M, Raposo M, Melo ARV, de Almeida LP, Silva P, Pinto MM, van de Warrenburg BP, van Gaalen J, de Vries J, Jeroen, Oz G, Joers JM, Synofzik M, Schöls L, Riess O, Infante J, Manrique L, Timmann D, Thieme A, Jacobi H, Reetz K, Dogan I, Onyike C, Povazan M, Schmahmann J, Ratai EM, Schmid M, Klockgether T. Stage-dependent biomarker changes in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.21.23287817. [PMID: 37163081 PMCID: PMC10168503 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.21.23287817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3) is the most common autosomal dominant ataxia. In view of the development of targeted therapies for SCA3, precise knowledge of stage-dependent fluid and MRI biomarker changes is needed. We analyzed cross-sectional data of 292 SCA3 mutation carriers including 57 pre-ataxic individuals, and 108 healthy controls from the European Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph Disease Initiative (ESMI) cohort. Blood concentrations of mutant ATXN3 and neurofilament light (NfL) were determined, and volumes of pons, cerebellar white matter (CWM) and cerebellar grey matter (CGM) were measured on MRI. Mutant ATXN3 concentrations were high before and after ataxia onset, while NfL continuously increased and deviated from normal 11.9 years before onset. Pons and CWM volumes decreased, but the deviation from normal was only 2.0 years (pons) and 0.3 years (CWM) before ataxia onset. We propose a staging model of SCA3 that includes an initial asymptomatic carrier stage followed by the biomarker stage defined by absence of ataxia, but a significant rise of NfL. The biomarker stage leads into the ataxia stage, defined by manifest ataxia. The present analysis provides a robust framework for further studies aiming at elaboration and differentiation of the staging model of SCA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Faber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- University of Bonn, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology
| | - Wilke Carlo
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research & Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jeannette Hübener-Schmid
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tamara Schaprian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Magda M Santana
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcus Grobe-Einsler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dement Onder
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Berkan Koyak
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paola Giunti
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Neurogenetics, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Hector Garcia-Moreno
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Neurogenetics, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Cristina Gonzalez-Robles
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Neurogenetics, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Manuela Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Raposo
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rosa Vieira Melo
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Luis Pereira de Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrick Silva
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria M Pinto
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bart P. van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center
| | - Judith van Gaalen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center
- Department of Neurology, Rinjstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jeroen
- University Medical Center Groningen, Neurology
| | - Gulin Oz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James M. Joers
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research & Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ludger Schöls
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research & Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jon Infante
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Centro de investigación biomédica en red de enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Leire Manrique
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Dagmar Timmann
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen
| | - Andreas Thieme
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen
| | - Heike Jacobi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Reetz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Research Centre Juelich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Imis Dogan
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Research Centre Juelich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Chiadikaobi Onyike
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - Michal Povazan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeremy Schmahmann
- Ataxia Center, Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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21
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Tezenas du Montcel S, Petit E, Olubajo T, Faber J, Lallemant-Dudek P, Bushara K, Perlman S, Subramony SH, Morgan D, Jackman B, Figueroa KP, Pulst SM, Fauret-Amsellem AL, Dufke C, Paulson HL, Öz G, Klockgether T, Durr A, Ashizawa T. Baseline Clinical and Blood Biomarkers in Patients With Preataxic and Early-Stage Disease Spinocerebellar Ataxia 1 and 3. Neurology 2023; 100:e1836-e1848. [PMID: 36797067 PMCID: PMC10136009 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In spinocerebellar ataxia, ataxia onset can be preceded by mild clinical manifestation, cerebellar and/or brainstem alterations, or biomarker modifications. READISCA is a prospective, longitudinal observational study of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) and 3 (SCA3) to provide essential markers for therapeutic interventions. We looked for clinical, imaging, or biological markers that are present at an early stage of the disease. METHODS We enrolled carriers of a pathologic ATXN1 or ATXN3 expansion and controls from 18 US and 2 European ataxia referral centers. Clinical, cognitive, quantitative motor, neuropsychological measures and plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) measurements were compared between expansion carriers with and without ataxia and controls. RESULTS We enrolled 200 participants: 45 carriers of a pathologic ATXN1 expansion (31 patients with ataxia [median Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia: 9; 7-10] and 14 expansion carriers without ataxia [1; 0-2]) and 116 carriers of a pathologic ATXN3 expansion (80 patients with ataxia [7; 6-9] and 36 expansion carriers without ataxia [1; 0-2]). In addition, we enrolled 39 controls who did not carry a pathologic expansion in ATXN1 or ATXN3. Plasma NfL levels were significantly higher in expansion carriers without ataxia than controls, despite similar mean age (controls: 5.7 pg/mL, SCA1: 18.0 pg/mL [p < 0.0001], SCA3: 19.8 pg/mL [p < 0.0001]). Expansion carriers without ataxia differed from controls by significantly more upper motor signs (SCA1 p = 0.0003, SCA3 p = 0.003) and by the presence of sensor impairment and diplopia in SCA3 (p = 0.0448 and 0.0445, respectively). Functional scales, fatigue and depression scores, swallowing difficulties, and cognitive impairment were worse in expansion carriers with ataxia than those without ataxia. Ataxic SCA3 participants showed extrapyramidal signs, urinary dysfunction, and lower motor neuron signs significantly more often than expansion carriers without ataxia. DISCUSSION READISCA showed the feasibility of harmonized data acquisition in a multinational network. NfL alterations, early sensory ataxia, and corticospinal signs were quantifiable between preataxic participants and controls. Patients with ataxia differed in many parameters from controls and expansion carriers without ataxia, with a graded increase of abnormal measures from control to preataxic to ataxic cohorts. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03487367.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tezenas du Montcel
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
| | - Emilien Petit
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Titilayo Olubajo
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Jennifer Faber
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Pauline Lallemant-Dudek
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Khalaf Bushara
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Susan Perlman
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Sub H Subramony
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - David Morgan
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Brianna Jackman
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Karla P. Figueroa
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Stefan M. Pulst
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Anne-Laure Fauret-Amsellem
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Claudia Dufke
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Henry Lauris Paulson
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Gülin Öz
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Alexandra Durr
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Tetsuo Ashizawa
- From the Sorbonne Universite (S.T.d.M., E.P., P.L.-D., A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, INRIA, CNRS, APHP, France; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (T.O., T.A.), TX; Department of Neurology (J.F., T.K.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.F., T.K.), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of California, Los Angeles (S.P.); Norman Fixel Center for Neurological Disorders (S.H.S.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Translational Neuroscience (D.M., B.J.), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids; Department of Neurology (K.P.F., S.M.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Functional Unit of Cellular and Molecular Neurogenetics (A.-L.F.-A.), Genetic Department, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (C.D.), University of Tubingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.L.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (G.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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22
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Guo Y, Shen XN, Huang SY, Chen SF, Wang HF, Zhang W, Zhang YR, Cheng W, Cui M, Dong Q, Yu JT. Head-to-head comparison of 6 plasma biomarkers in early multiple system atrophy. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:40. [PMID: 36922526 PMCID: PMC10017699 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a dire need for reliable biomarkers to solidify an early and accurate diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA). We sought to compare the ability of emerging plasma markers in distinguishing MSA from its mimics and healthy controls in early disease stages, and to evaluate their performance in detecting disease severity and brain atrophy. Plasma neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), phosphorylated tau181, amyloid-β (Aβ)42, and Aβ40 were measured using ultrasensitive Simoa in early-stage patients with MSA (n = 73), spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA, n = 29), Parkinson's disease (PD, n = 28), and healthy controls (n = 100). We observed that elevated NfL outperformed other biomarkers in distinguishing MSA and its subtypes (AUC = 0.9) versus controls. Intriguingly, when separating MSA from its mimics, increased GFAP (AUC = 0.717) in MSA-C and decreased Aβ40 (AUC = 0.807) in MSA-P best discriminated from SCA and PD respectively. Plasma levels were comparable between MSA-C and MSA-P and the differentiation by plasma index alone was poor. Combining plasma markers noticeably improved the discriminatory efficacy. Of note, among MSA patients, higher GFAP and NfL were correlated with the atrophy of brain regions vulnerable to MSA (e.g., cerebellum, pons, or putamen). They could also aggravate the severity of MSA, and this association was partially mediated by cerebral volumes. In contrast, no obvious associations of phosphorylated tau and Aβ with disease severity were observed. Collectively, plasma biomarkers, especially in combination, are useful to facilitate the discriminatory work-up of MSA at early stages. Moreover, NfL and GFAP may be promising biomarkers to monitor the disease severity of MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Yi Huang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Fen Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Fu Wang
- The Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,The Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
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23
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TR-FRET-Based Immunoassay to Measure Ataxin-2 as a Target Engagement Marker in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3553-3567. [PMID: 36894829 PMCID: PMC10122633 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease, which belongs to the trinucleotide repeat disease group with a CAG repeat expansion in exon 1 of the ATXN2 gene resulting in an ataxin-2 protein with an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ)-stretch. The disease is late manifesting leading to early death. Today, therapeutic interventions to cure the disease or even to decelerate disease progression are not available yet. Furthermore, primary readout parameter for disease progression and therapeutic intervention studies are limited. Thus, there is an urgent need for quantifiable molecular biomarkers such as ataxin-2 becoming even more important due to numerous potential protein-lowering therapeutic intervention strategies. The aim of this study was to establish a sensitive technique to measure the amount of soluble polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 in human biofluids to evaluate ataxin-2 protein levels as prognostic and/or therapeutic biomarker in SCA2. Time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer (TR-FRET) was used to establish a polyQ-expanded ataxin-2-specific immunoassay. Two different ataxin-2 antibodies and two different polyQ-binding antibodies were validated in three different concentrations and tested in cellular and animal tissue as well as in human cell lines, comparing different buffer conditions to evaluate the best assay conditions. We established a TR-FRET-based immunoassay for soluble polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 and validated measurements in human cell lines including iPSC-derived cortical neurons. Additionally, our immunoassay was sensitive enough to monitor small ataxin-2 expression changes by siRNA or starvation treatment. We successfully established the first sensitive ataxin-2 immunoassay to measure specifically soluble polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 in human biomaterials.
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24
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Mengel D, Wellik IG, Schuster KH, Jarrah SI, Wacker M, Ashraf NS, Öz G, Synofzik M, do Carmo Costa M, McLoughlin HS. Blood neurofilament light chain levels are associated with disease progression in a transgenic SCA3 mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.28.530463. [PMID: 36909535 PMCID: PMC10002656 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.28.530463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Increased neurofilament light (NfL) protein in biofluids is reflective of neurodegeneration and has gained interest as a biomarker across neurodegenerative diseases. In spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), the most common dominantly inherited ataxia, patients exhibit progressive NfL increases in peripheral blood when becoming symptomatic, remaining stably elevated throughout further disease course. However, progressive NfL changes are not yet validated in relevant preclinical SCA3 animal models, hindering its application as a biomarker during therapeutic development. We used ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) to measure blood NfL over disease progression in the YACQ84 mouse, assessing relationships with measures of disease severity including age, CAG repeat size, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We show that YACQ84 mice exhibit increased blood NfL, concomitant with ataxia-related motor deficits and correlated with neurometabolite abnormalities. Our findings establish natural history progression of NfL increases in the preclinical YACQ84 mouse, further supporting the utility of blood NfL as a peripheral neurodegeneration biomarker and informing coinciding timelines of different measures of SCA3 pathogenesis. Summary statement Peripheral blood of SCA3 YACQ84 mice exhibits increased abundance of neuronal-specific NfL protein directly associating with disease progression, providing an accessible disease biofluid biomarker to interrogate in preclinical therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mengel
- Research Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Isabel G. Wellik
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Madeleine Wacker
- Research Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Naila S. Ashraf
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gülin Öz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Research Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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25
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Mak G, Menon S, Lu JQ. Neurofilaments in neurologic disorders and beyond. J Neurol Sci 2022; 441:120380. [PMID: 36027641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many neurologic diseases can initially present as a diagnostic challenge and even when a diagnosis is made, monitoring of disease activity, progression and response to therapy may be limited with existing clinical and paraclinical assessments. As such, the identification of disease specific biomarkers provides a promising avenue by which diseases can be effectively diagnosed, monitored and used as a prognostic indicator for long-term outcomes. Neurofilaments are an integral component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, where assessment of neurofilaments in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and diseased tissue has been shown to have value in providing diagnostic clarity, monitoring disease activity, tracking progression and treatment efficacy, as well as lending prognostic insight into long-term outcomes. As such, this review attempts to provide a glimpse into the structure and function of neurofilaments, their role in various neurologic and non-neurologic disorders, including uncommon conditions with recent knowledge of neurofilament-related pathology, as well as their applicability in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mak
- McMaster University, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suresh Menon
- McMaster University, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian-Qiang Lu
- McMaster University, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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26
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Garcia‐Moreno H, Prudencio M, Thomas‐Black G, Solanky N, Jansen‐West KR, Hanna AL‐Shaikh R, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Santana MM, Pereira de Almeida L, Vasconcelos‐Ferreira A, Januário C, Infante J, Faber J, Klockgether T, Reetz K, Raposo M, Ferreira AF, Lima M, Schöls L, Synofzik M, Hübener‐Schmid J, Puschmann A, Gorcenco S, Wszolek ZK, Petrucelli L, Giunti P. Tau and neurofilament light-chain as fluid biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:2439-2452. [PMID: 35478426 PMCID: PMC9543545 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Clinical trials in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) will require biomarkers for use as outcome measures. METHODS To evaluate total tau (t-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) and neurofilament light-chain (NfL) as fluid biomarkers in SCA3, ATXN3 mutation carriers (n = 143) and controls (n = 172) were clinically assessed, and the plasma concentrations of the four proteins were analysed on the Simoa HD-1 platform. Eleven ATXN3 mutation carrier cerebrospinal fluid samples were analysed for t-tau and phosphorylated tau (p-tau181 ). A transgenic SCA3 mouse model (MJDTg) was used to measure cerebellar t-tau levels. RESULTS Plasma t-tau levels were higher in mutation carriers below the age of 50 compared to controls, and the Inventory of Non-Ataxia Signs was associated with t-tau in ataxic patients (p = 0.004). Pre-ataxic carriers showed higher cerebrospinal fluid t-tau and p-tau181 concentrations compared to ataxic patients (p = 0.025 and p = 0.014, respectively). Cerebellar t-tau was elevated in MJDTg mice compared to wild-type (p = 0.033) only in the early stages of the disease. GFAP and UCHL1 did not show higher levels in mutation carriers compared to controls. Plasma NfL concentrations were higher in mutation carriers compared to controls, and differences were greater for younger carriers. The Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia was the strongest predictor of NfL in ataxic patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that tau might be a marker of early disease stages in SCA3. NfL can discriminate mutation carriers from controls and is associated with different clinical variables. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm their potential role as biomarkers in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Garcia‐Moreno
- Ataxia CentreDepartment of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK,Department of NeurogeneticsNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Mercedes Prudencio
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA,Neuroscience Graduate ProgramMayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Gilbert Thomas‐Black
- Ataxia CentreDepartment of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK,Department of NeurogeneticsNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Nita Solanky
- Ataxia CentreDepartment of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK,Department of NeurogeneticsNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | | | | | - Amanda Heslegrave
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK,Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden,Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Magda M. Santana
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | | | | | | | - Jon Infante
- Neurology ServiceUniversity Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla‐IDIVALUniversity of CantabriaCentro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)SantanderSpain
| | - Jennifer Faber
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | - Kathrin Reetz
- Department of NeurologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany,JARA‐BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and NeuroimagingForschungszentrum JülichRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Mafalda Raposo
- Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade dos AçoresPonta DelgadaPortugal,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC)Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Ana F. Ferreira
- Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade dos AçoresPonta DelgadaPortugal,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC)Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Manuela Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade dos AçoresPonta DelgadaPortugal,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC)Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Ludger Schöls
- Department for Neurodegenerative DiseasesHertie‐Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center for NeurologyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)TübingenGermany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department for Neurodegenerative DiseasesHertie‐Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center for NeurologyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)TübingenGermany
| | | | - Andreas Puschmann
- Lund University, Skåne University HospitalClinical Sciences, NeurologyLundSweden
| | - Sorina Gorcenco
- Lund University, Skåne University HospitalClinical Sciences, NeurologyLundSweden
| | | | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA,Neuroscience Graduate ProgramMayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Paola Giunti
- Ataxia CentreDepartment of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK,Department of NeurogeneticsNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
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27
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Wilke C, Mengel D, Schöls L, Hengel H, Rakowicz M, Klockgether T, Durr A, Filla A, Melegh B, Schüle R, Reetz K, Jacobi H, Synofzik M. Levels of Neurofilament Light at the Preataxic and Ataxic Stages of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1. Neurology 2022; 98:e1985-e1996. [PMID: 35264424 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Neurofilament light (NfL) appears to be a promising fluid biomarker in repeat-expansion spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), with piloting studies in mixed SCA cohorts suggesting that NfL might be increased at the ataxic stage of SCA type 1 (SCA1). We here hypothesized that NfL is increased not only at the ataxic stage of SCA1, but also at its (likely most treatment-relevant) preataxic stage. METHODS We assessed serum NfL (sNfL) and CSF NfL (cNfL) levels in both preataxic and ataxic SCA1, leveraging a multicentric cohort recruited at 6 European university centers, and clinical follow-up data, including actually observed (rather than only predicted) conversion to the ataxic stage. Levels of sNfL and cNfL were assessed by single-molecule array and ELISA technique, respectively. RESULTS Forty individuals with SCA1 (23 preataxic, 17 ataxic) and 89 controls were enrolled, including 11 preataxic individuals converting to the ataxic stage. sNfL levels were increased at the preataxic (median 15.5 pg/mL [interquartile range 10.5-21.1 pg/mL]) and ataxic stage (31.6 pg/mL [26.2-37.7 pg/mL]) compared to controls (6.0 pg/mL [4.7-8.6 pg/mL]), yielding high age-corrected effect sizes (preataxic: r = 0.62, ataxic: r = 0.63). sNfL increases were paralleled by increases of cNfL at both the preataxic and ataxic stage. In preataxic individuals, sNfL levels increased with proximity to predicted ataxia onset, with significant sNfL elevations already 5 years before onset, and confirmed in preataxic individuals with actually observed ataxia onset. sNfL increases were detected already in preataxic individuals with SCA1 without volumetric atrophy of cerebellum or pons, suggesting that sNfL might be more sensitive to early preataxic neurodegeneration than the currently known most change-sensitive regions in volumetric MRI. Using longitudinal sNfL measurements, we estimated sample sizes for clinical trials with the reduction of sNfL as the endpoint. DISCUSSION sNfL levels might provide easily accessible peripheral biomarkers in both preataxic and ataxic SCA1, allowing stratification of preataxic individuals regarding proximity to onset, early detection of neurodegeneration even before volumetric MRI alterations, and potentially capture of treatment response in clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01037777. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that NfL levels are increased in both ataxic and preataxic SCA1 and are associated with ataxia onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Wilke
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Mengel
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ludger Schöls
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Hengel
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Rakowicz
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Durr
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Filla
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bela Melegh
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Reetz
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Jacobi
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- From the Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases (C.W., D.M., M.S.) and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S., H.H., R.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.W., D.M., L.S., H.H., R.S., M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; First Department of Neurology (M.R.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurology (T.K.), University Hospital Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K., H.J.), Bonn, Germany; Sorbonne Université (A.D.), Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, France; Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (A.F.), Federico II University Naples, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Szentagothai Research Center (B.M.), University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Neurology (K.R.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen; and Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Klockgether T, Ashizawa T, Brais B, Chuang R, Durr A, Fogel B, Greenfield J, Hagen S, Jardim LB, Jiang H, Onodera O, Pedroso JL, Soong BW, Szmulewicz D, Graessner H, Synofzik M. Paving the Way Toward Meaningful Trials in Ataxias: An Ataxia Global Initiative Perspective. Mov Disord 2022; 37:1125-1130. [PMID: 35475582 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Klockgether
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tetsuo Ashizawa
- Houston Methodist Research Institute and Weil Cornell Medical College at Houston Methodist, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, University Hospital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, Paris, France
| | - Brent Fogel
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Sue Hagen
- National Ataxia Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laura Bannach Jardim
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hong Jiang
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Osamu Onodera
- Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bin-Weng Soong
- National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei Neurologic Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Holm Graessner
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
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29
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Eisenstein SA, Boodram RS, Sutphen CL, Lugar HM, Gordon BA, Marshall BA, Urano F, Fagan AM, Hershey T. Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain Levels Are Elevated in Children and Young Adults With Wolfram Syndrome. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:795317. [PMID: 35495027 PMCID: PMC9039397 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.795317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome is a rare disease caused by pathogenic variants in the WFS1 gene with progressive neurodegeneration. As an easily accessible biomarker of progression of neurodegeneration has not yet been found, accurate tracking of the neurodegenerative process over time requires assessment by costly and time-consuming clinical measures and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A blood-based measure of neurodegeneration, neurofilament light chain (NfL), is relatively inexpensive and can be repeatedly measured at remote sites, standardized, and measured in individuals with MRI contraindications. To determine whether NfL levels may be of use in disease monitoring and reflect disease activity in Wolfram syndrome, plasma NfL levels were compared between children and young adults with Wolfram syndrome (n = 38) and controls composed of their siblings and parents (n = 35) and related to clinical severity and selected brain region volumes within the Wolfram group. NfL levels were higher in the Wolfram group [median (interquartile range) NfL = 11.3 (7.8-13.9) pg/mL] relative to controls [5.6 (4.5-7.4) pg/mL]. Within the Wolfram group, higher NfL levels related to worse visual acuity, color vision and smell identification, smaller brainstem and thalamic volumes, and faster annual rate of decrease in thalamic volume over time. Our findings suggest that plasma NfL levels can be a powerful tool to non-invasively assess underlying neurodegenerative processes in children, adolescents and young adults with Wolfram syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Eisenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Raveena S. Boodram
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Courtney L. Sutphen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Heather M. Lugar
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Brian A. Gordon
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bess A. Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Fumihiko Urano
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Anne M. Fagan
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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30
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IGF-1 as a Potential Therapy for Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020505. [PMID: 35203722 PMCID: PMC8962315 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy on spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) have been examined in transgenic SCA3 mice, it still poses a nonnegligible risk of cancer when used for a long term. This study investigated the efficacy of IGF-1, a downstream mediator of GH, in vivo for SCA3 treatment. IGF-1 (50 mg/kg) or saline, once a week, was intraperitoneally injected to SCA3 84Q transgenic mice harboring a human ATXN3 gene with a pathogenic expanded 84 cytosine–adenine–guanine (CAG) repeat motif at 9 months of age. Compared with the control mice harboring a 15 CAG repeat motif, the SCA3 84Q mice treated with IGF-1 for 9 months exhibited the improvement only in locomotor function and minimized degeneration of the cerebellar cortex as indicated by the survival of more Purkinje cells with a more favorable mitochondrial function along with a decrease in oxidative stress caused by DNA damage. These findings could be attributable to the inhibition of mitochondrial fission, resulting in mitochondrial fusion, and decreased immunofluorescence staining in aggresome formation and ataxin-3 mutant protein levels, possibly through the enhancement of autophagy. The findings of this study show the therapeutic potential effect of IGF-1 injection for SCA3 to prevent the exacerbation of disease progress.
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Coarelli G, Heinzmann A, Ewenczyk C, Fischer C, Chupin M, Monin ML, Hurmic H, Calvas F, Calvas P, Goizet C, Thobois S, Anheim M, Nguyen K, Devos D, Verny C, Ricigliano VAG, Mangin JF, Brice A, Tezenas du Montcel S, Durr A. Safety and efficacy of riluzole in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 in France (ATRIL): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2022; 21:225-233. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(21)00457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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32
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Yang L, Shao YR, Li XY, Ma Y, Dong Y, Wu ZY. Association of the Level of Neurofilament Light With Disease Severity in Patients With Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2. Neurology 2021; 97:e2404-e2413. [PMID: 34706976 PMCID: PMC8673719 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Few biochemical markers have been identified in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). This study aimed to determine the levels of neurofilament light (NfL) in patients with SCA2 and identify whether they were associated with disease severity. METHODS Participants were recruited from one medical center in China, and individuals with SCA2 were genetically diagnosed. NfL levels were assessed using the single molecule array method. Disease severity was evaluated using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), and the Inventory of Non-Ataxia Symptoms (INAS). Cerebellum and brainstem volumes were calculated using neuroimaging measurements. We used Pearson's correlation and partial correlation for correlation analyses. RESULTS Forty-nine manifest patients with SCA2, 10 preclinical individuals with SCA2 and 92 controls were enrolled. A high consistency was identified between serum and CSF NfL (r = 0.868, p < 0.0001). In individuals with SCA2, levels of serum NfL were associated with disease severity (SARA, r = 0.425, p = 0.003; ICARS, r = 0.383, p = 0.009; INAS, r = 0.390, p = 0.007; cerebellum volume, r = - 0.393, p = 0.024) after adjustment for age. NfL levels were higher close to the expected age of onset in preclinical individuals with SCA2 (R 2 = 0.43, p = 0.04). DISCUSSION Levels of serum NfL were correlated with disease intensity in individuals with SCA2, and were higher close to the estimated age of onset in preclinical SCA2. Therefore, NfL is a potential serum biomarker of disease severity in SCA2. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that elevated NfL levels are associated with disease severity in individuals with SCA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ru Shao
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Ma
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
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Yuan A, Nixon RA. Neurofilament Proteins as Biomarkers to Monitor Neurological Diseases and the Efficacy of Therapies. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:689938. [PMID: 34646114 PMCID: PMC8503617 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.689938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuronal injury have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, disease monitoring, prognosis, and measure treatment efficacy. Neurofilament proteins (NfPs) are well suited as biomarkers in these contexts because they are major neuron-specific components that maintain structural integrity and are sensitive to neurodegeneration and neuronal injury across a wide range of neurologic diseases. Low levels of NfPs are constantly released from neurons into the extracellular space and ultimately reach the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood under physiological conditions throughout normal brain development, maturation, and aging. NfP levels in CSF and blood rise above normal in response to neuronal injury and neurodegeneration independently of cause. NfPs in CSF measured by lumbar puncture are about 40-fold more concentrated than in blood in healthy individuals. New ultra-sensitive methods now allow minimally invasive measurement of these low levels of NfPs in serum or plasma to track disease onset and progression in neurological disorders or nervous system injury and assess responses to therapeutic interventions. Any of the five Nf subunits - neurofilament light chain (NfL), neurofilament medium chain (NfM), neurofilament heavy chain (NfH), alpha-internexin (INA) and peripherin (PRPH) may be altered in a given neuropathological condition. In familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), plasma NfL levels may rise as early as 22 years before clinical onset in familial AD and 10 years before sporadic AD. The major determinants of elevated levels of NfPs and degradation fragments in CSF and blood are the magnitude of damaged or degenerating axons of fiber tracks, the affected axon caliber sizes and the rate of release of NfP and fragments at different stages of a given neurological disease or condition directly or indirectly affecting central nervous system (CNS) and/or peripheral nervous system (PNS). NfPs are rapidly emerging as transformative blood biomarkers in neurology providing novel insights into a wide range of neurological diseases and advancing clinical trials. Here we summarize the current understanding of intracellular NfP physiology, pathophysiology and extracellular kinetics of NfPs in biofluids and review the value and limitations of NfPs and degradation fragments as biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Yuan
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ralph A. Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, (NYU), Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, United States
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Peng L, Wang S, Chen Z, Peng Y, Wang C, Long Z, Peng H, Shi Y, Hou X, Lei L, Wan L, Liu M, Zou G, Shen L, Xia K, Qiu R, Tang B, Ashizawa T, Klockgether T, Jiang H. Blood Neurofilament Light Chain in Genetic Ataxia: A Meta-Analysis. Mov Disord 2021; 37:171-181. [PMID: 34519102 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No comprehensive meta-analysis has ever been performed to assess the value of neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a biomarker in genetic ataxia. OBJECTIVE We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize NfL concentration and evaluate its utility as a biomarker in genetic ataxia. METHODS Studies were included if they reported NfL concentration of genetic ataxia. We used log (mean ± SD) NfL to describe mean raw value of NfL. The effect size of NfL between genetic ataxia and healthy controls (HC) was expressed by mean difference. Correlation between NfL and disease severity was calculated. RESULTS We identified 11 studies of 624 HC and 1006 patients, here referred to as spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA1, 2, 3, 6, and 7), Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), and ataxia telangiectasia (A-T). The concentration of blood NfL (bNfL) elevated with proximity to expected onset, and progressively increased from asymptomatic to preclinical to clinical stage in SCA3. Compared with HC, bNfL levels were significantly higher in SCA1, 2, 3, and 7, FRDA, as well as A-T, and the difference increased with the advancing disease in SCA3. bNfL levels correlated with disease severity in SCA3. There was a significant correlation between bNfL and longitudinal progression in SCA3. Additionally, bNfL increased with age in HC, yet this is probably masked by higher disease-related effects on bNfL in genetic ataxia. CONCLUSIONS bNfL can be used as a potential biomarker to predict disease onset, severity, and progression of genetic ataxia. Reference-value setting of bNfL should be divided according to age. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linliu Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunrong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Long
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huirong Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuting Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Hou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijing Lei
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linlin Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingjie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangdong Zou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Qiu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Tetsuo Ashizawa
- Neuroscience Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA.,Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine at Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Dong X, Cong S. MicroRNAs in Huntington's Disease: Diagnostic Biomarkers or Therapeutic Agents? Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:705348. [PMID: 34421543 PMCID: PMC8377808 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.705348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a non-coding single-stranded small molecule of approximately 21 nucleotides. It degrades or inhibits the translation of RNA by targeting the 3′-UTR. The miRNA plays an important role in the growth, development, differentiation, and functional execution of the nervous system. Dysregulated miRNA expression has been associated with several pathological processes of neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington’s disease (HD). Recent studies have suggested promising roles of miRNAs as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for HD. Here, we review the emerging role of dysregulated miRNAs in HD and describe general biology of miRNAs, their pathophysiological implications, and their potential roles as biomarkers and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuyan Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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van der Plas E, Long JD, Koscik TR, Magnotta V, Monckton DG, Cumming SA, Gottschalk AC, Hefti M, Gutmann L, Nopoulos PC. Blood-Based Markers of Neuronal Injury in Adult-Onset Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Front Neurol 2021; 12:791065. [PMID: 35126292 PMCID: PMC8810511 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.791065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study had four aims. First, neuronal injury markers, including neurofilament light (NF-L), total tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH-L1), were compared between individuals with and without adult-onset myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). Second, the impact of age and CTG repeat on brain injury markers was evaluated. Third, change in brain injury markers across the study period was quantified. Fourth, associations between brain injury markers and cerebral white matter (WM) fractional anisotropy (FA) were identified. METHODS Yearly assessments, encompassing blood draws and diffusion tensor imaging on a 3T scanner, were conducted on three occasions. Neuronal injury markers were quantified using single molecule array (Simoa). RESULTS The sample included 53 patients and 70 controls. NF-L was higher in DM1 patients than controls, with individuals in the premanifest phases of DM1 (PreDM1) exhibiting intermediate levels ( χ ( 2 ) 2 = 38.142, P < 0.001). Total tau was lower in DM1 patients than controls (Estimate = -0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.95: -0.28, P < 0.001), while GFAP was elevated in PreDM1 only (Estimate = 30.37, 95% CI 10.56:50.19, P = 0.003). Plasma concentrations of UCH-L1 did not differ between groups. The age by CTG interaction predicted NF-L: patients with higher estimated progenitor allelege length (ePAL) had higher NF-L at a younger age, relative to patients with lower CTG repeat; however, the latter exhibited faster age-related change (Estimate = -0.0021, 95% CI -0.0042: -0.0001, P = 0.045). None of the markers changed substantially over the study period. Finally, cerebral WM FA was significantly associated with NF-L (Estimate = -42.86, 95% CI -82.70: -3.02, P = 0.035). INTERPRETATION While NF-L appears sensitive to disease onset and severity, its utility as a marker of progression remains to be determined. The tau assay may have low sensitivity to tau pathology associated with DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen van der Plas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Long
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Timothy R Koscik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Vincent Magnotta
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Darren G Monckton
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A Cumming
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Amy C Gottschalk
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Marco Hefti
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Laurie Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peggy C Nopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
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