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Mak MKY, Wong-Yu ISK, Cheung RTH, Ho SL. Effectiveness of balance exercise and brisk walking on alleviating non-motor and motor symptoms in people with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's Disease: A randomized clinical trial with 6-month follow-up. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024:S0003-9993(24)01052-9. [PMID: 38866225 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the effects of balance exercise and brisk walking on non-motor and motor symptoms, balance and gait functions, walking capacity, and balance confidence in Parkinson's disease (PD) at post-training and 6-month follow-up. DESIGN Two-arm, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial SETTING: University research laboratory and the community PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-nine eligible individuals with mild to moderate PD INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized to balance and brisk walking group (B&B, n=49) or active control group (CON, n=50). B&B received ten 90-minute sessions of balance exercises and brisk walking supervised by physical therapists for 6 months (week 1-6: weekly, week 7-26: monthly), whilst CON practiced whole-body flexibility and upper limb strength exercise at same dosage (180 minutes/week). Both groups performed unsupervised home exercises 2-3 times/week during intervention and continued at follow-up. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcomes were Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale non-motor (MDS-UPDRS-I) and motor (MDS-UPRDS-III) scores. Secondary outcomes were Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BEST) score, comfortable gait speed (CGS), six-minute walk distance (6MWD), dual-task timed-up-and-go (DTUG) time, and Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) score. RESULTS Eighty-three individuals completed the 6-month intervention with no severe adverse effects. The mean between-group (95% CI) difference for the MDS-UPDRS non-motor score was 1.50 (0.19-2.81) at 6 months and 1.09 (-0.66-2.85) at 12 months. The mean between-group (95% CI) difference for the MDS-UPDRS motor score was 3.75 (0.69-6.80) at 6 months and 4.57 (1.05-8.01) at 12 months. At 6 months and 12 months, there were significant between-group improvements of the B&B group in Mini-BEST score, CGS, 6MWD and DTUG time. CONCLUSIONS This combined balance and brisk walking exercise program alleviates non-motor and motor symptoms and improves walking capacity, balance, and gait functions post-training, with positive carry-over effects for all except non-motor outcomes, at 6-month follow-up in mild to moderate PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret K Y Mak
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Irene S K Wong-Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Roy T H Cheung
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shu-Leong Ho
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Swinnen BEKS, Hoy CW, Pegolo E, Matzilevich EU, Sun J, Ishihara B, Morgante F, Pereira E, Baig F, Hart M, Tan H, Sawacha Z, Beudel M, Wang S, Starr P, Little S, Ricciardi L. Basal ganglia theta power indexes trait anxiety in people with Parkinson's disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.04.24308449. [PMID: 38883720 PMCID: PMC11177918 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.04.24308449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common and disabling in Parkinson's disease (PD), with troublesome anxiety occurring in one-third of patients. Management of anxiety in PD is challenging, hampered by insufficient insight into underlying mechanisms, lack of objective anxiety measurements, and largely ineffective treatments.In this study, we assessed the intracranial neurophysiological correlates of anxiety in PD patients treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the laboratory and at home. We hypothesized that low-frequency (theta-alpha) activity would be associated with anxiety. Methods We recorded local field potentials (LFP) from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) DBS implants in three PD cohorts: 1) patients with recordings (STN) performed in hospital at rest via perioperatively externalized leads, without active stimulation, both ON or OFF dopaminergic medication; 2) patients with recordings (STN or GPi) performed at home while resting, via a chronically implanted commercially available sensing-enabled neurostimulator (Medtronic Percept TM device), ON dopaminergic medication, with stimulation both ON or OFF; 3) patients with recordings performed at home while engaging in a behavioral task via STN and GPi leads and electrocorticography paddles (ECoG) over premotor cortex connected to an investigational sensing-enabled neurostimulator, ON dopaminergic medication, with stimulation both ON or OFF. Trait anxiety was measured with validated clinical scales in all participants, and state anxiety was measured with momentary assessment scales at multiple time points in the two at-home cohorts. Power in theta (4-8 Hz) and alpha (8-12 Hz) ranges were extracted from the LFP recordings, and their relation with anxiety ratings was assessed using linear mixed-effects models. Results In total, 33 PD patients (59 hemispheres) were included. Across three independent cohorts, with stimulation OFF, basal ganglia theta power was positively related to trait anxiety (all p<0.05). Also in a naturalistic setting, with individuals at home at rest with stimulation and medication ON, basal ganglia theta power was positively related to trait anxiety (p<0.05). This relationship held regardless of the hemisphere and DBS target. There was no correlation between trait anxiety and premotor cortical theta-alpha power. There was no within-patient association between basal ganglia theta-alpha power and state anxiety. Conclusion We showed that basal ganglia theta activity indexes trait anxiety in PD. Our data suggest that theta could be a possible physiomarker of neuropsychiatric symptoms and specifically of anxiety in PD, potentially suitable for guiding advanced DBS treatment tailored to the individual patient's needs, including non-motor symptoms.
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Suresh K, Mattern M, Goldberg MS, Butt TR. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System as a Therapeutic Area in Parkinson's Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:313-329. [PMID: 36739586 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-023-08738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. There are no available therapeutics that slow or halt the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons, which underlies the primary clinical symptoms. Currently approved PD drugs can provide symptomatic relief by increasing brain dopamine content or activity; however, the alleviation is temporary, and the effectiveness diminishes with the inevitable progression of neurodegeneration. Discovery and development of disease-modifying neuroprotective therapies has been hampered by insufficient understanding of the root cause of PD-related neurodegeneration. The etiology of PD involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although a single cause has yet to emerge, genetic, cell biological and neuropathological evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction and protein aggregation. Postmortem PD brains show pathognomonic Lewy body intraneuronal inclusions composed of aggregated α-synuclein, indicative of failure to degrade misfolded protein. Mutations in the genes that code for α-synuclein, as well as the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin, cause rare inherited forms of PD. While many ubiquitin ligases label proteins with ubiquitin chains to mark proteins for degradation by the proteasome, Parkin has been shown to mark dysfunctional mitochondria for degradation by mitophagy. The ubiquitin proteasome system participates in several aspects of the cell's response to mitochondrial damage, affording numerous therapeutic opportunities to augment mitophagy and potentially stop PD progression. This review examines the role and therapeutic potential of such UPS modulators, exemplified by both ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Suresh
- Progenra Inc., 271A Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA.
| | - Michael Mattern
- Progenra Inc., 271A Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA
| | - Matthew S Goldberg
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tauseef R Butt
- Progenra Inc., 271A Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA
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Li YJ, Leong II, Fan JQ, Yan MY, Liu X, Lu WJ, Chen YY, Tan WQ, Wang YT, Zhuang LX. Efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment of Parkinson's disease-related constipation (PDC): A randomized controlled trial. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1126080. [PMID: 36866329 PMCID: PMC9972583 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1126080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in treating Parkinson's disease-related constipation (PDC). Materials and methods This was a randomized, controlled trial in which patients, outcome assessors, and statisticians were all blinded. Seventy-eight eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the manual acupuncture (MA) or sham acupuncture (SA) groups and received 12 sessions of treatment over a 4-week period. Following treatment, patients were monitored until the eighth week. The primary outcome was the change in weekly complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) from baseline after treatment and follow-up. The Constipation Symptom and Efficacy Assessment Scale (CSEAS), the Patient-Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life questionnaire (PAC-QOL), and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) were used as secondary outcomes. Results In the intention-to-treat analysis, 78 patients with PDC were included, with 71 completing the 4-week intervention and 4-week follow-up. When compared to the SA group, weekly CSBMs were significantly increased after treatment with the MA group (P < 0.001). Weekly CSBMs in the MA group were 3.36 [standard deviation (SD) 1.44] at baseline and increased to 4.62 (SD, 1.84) after treatment (week 4). The SA group's weekly CSBMs were 3.10 (SD, 1.45) at baseline and 3.03 (SD, 1.25) after treatment, with no significant change from baseline. The effect on weekly CSBMs improvement in the MA group lasted through the follow-up period (P < 0.001). Conclusion Acupuncture was found to be effective and safe in treating PDC in this study, and the treatment effect lasted up to 4 weeks. Clinical trial registration http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier ChiCTR2200059979.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jia Li
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ian-I Leong
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Qi Fan
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yue Yan
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jing Lu
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ting Wang
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xing Zhuang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Li-Xing Zhuang,
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Xu RC, Miao WT, Xu JY, Xu WX, Liu MR, Ding ST, Jian YX, Lei YH, Yan N, Liu HD. Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium Butyrate and Monomethyl Fumarate Treatment through GPR109A Modulation and Intestinal Barrier Restoration on PD Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194163. [PMID: 36235813 PMCID: PMC9571500 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has connected Parkinson's disease (PD) with impaired intestinal barrier. The activation of G-protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A) protects the intestinal barrier by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Sodium butyrate (NaB), which is a GPR109A ligand, may have anti-PD effects. The current study's objective is to demonstrate that NaB or monomethyl fumarate (MMF, an agonist of the GPR109A) can treat PD mice induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) via repairing the intestinal barrier. Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups randomly: control, MPTP + vehicle, MPTP + NaB, and MPTP + MMF. Modeling mice received MPTP (20 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for a week, while control mice received sterile PBS. Then, four groups each received two weeks of sterile PBS (10 mL/kg/day, i.g.), sterile PBS (10 mL/kg/day, i.g.), NaB (600 mg/kg/day, i.g.), or MMF (100 mg/kg/day, i.g.). We assessed the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (occludin and claudin-1), GPR109A, and p65 in the colon, performed microscopic examination via HE staining, quantified markers of intestinal permeability and proinflammatory cytokines in serum, and evaluated motor symptoms and pathological changes in the substantia nigra (SN) or striatum. According to our results, MPTP-induced defected motor function, decreased dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels in the striatum, decreased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons and increased activated microglia in the SN, and systemic inflammation were ameliorated by NaB or MMF treatment. Additionally, the ruined intestinal barrier was also rebuilt and NF-κB was suppressed after the treatment, with higher levels of TJ proteins, GPR109A, and decreased intestinal permeability. These results show that NaB or MMF can remedy motor symptoms and pathological alterations in PD mice by restoring the intestinal barrier with activated GPR109A. We demonstrate the potential for repairing the compromised intestinal barrier and activating GPR109A as promising treatments for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chen Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- College of First Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wen-Teng Miao
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing-Yi Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- College of First Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wen-Xin Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- College of First Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ming-Ran Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- College of First Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Song-Tao Ding
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yu-Xin Jian
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- College of First Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi-Han Lei
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- College of First Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Han-Deng Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-23-65712090
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Li Q, Wu C, Wang X, Li Z, Hao X, Zhao L, Li M, Zhu M. Effect of acupuncture for non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:995850. [PMID: 36275001 PMCID: PMC9582755 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.995850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are serious, effective treatments are still lacking. Acupuncture may have clinical benefits for non-motor symptoms of PD patients, but high-quality evidence supporting this possibility is still limited. Hence, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of acupuncture treatment on non-motor symptoms in patients with PD. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture treatment for PD were retrieved from the following electronic databases: Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, Chonqing VIP (CQVIP), and Wangfang database. Studies evaluating non-motor symptoms of PD were retrieved. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results A total of 27 RCTs were included, among which 8 outcomes related to non-motor symptoms were evaluated. The results showed that acupuncture combined with medication had benefits for PD-related insomnia relative to medication alone or sham acupuncture [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.517; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.242-0.793; p = 0.000], and acupuncture treatment had benefits at 8 weeks (SMD = 0.519; 95% CI = 0.181-0.857; p = 0.003). Regarding depression, acupuncture treatment was more effective (SMD = -0.353; 95% CI = -0.669 to -0.037; p = 0.029) within 2 months (SMD = -0.671; 95% CI = -1.332 to -0.011; p = 0.046). Regarding cognition, quality of life, and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) I and II scores, acupuncture treatment was effective [SMD = 0.878, 95% CI = 0.046-1.711, p = 0.039; SMD = -0.690, 95% CI = -1.226 to -0.155, p = 0.011; weighted mean difference (WMD) = -1.536, 95% CI = -2.201 to -0.871, p = 0.000; WMD = -2.071, 95% CI = -3.792 to -0.351, p = 0.018; respectively]. A significant difference was not found in terms of PD-related constipation. Only one study evaluated PD-related fatigue. Conclusion The results of the analysis suggested that acupuncture treatment could ameliorate the symptoms of depression, quality of life, cognition, total mentation, behavior and mood, and activities of daily living in PD patients. Nevertheless, more prospective, well-designed RCTs with larger sample sizes are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglian Li
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunxiao Wu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqian Hao
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengzhu Li
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiling Zhu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Wang XL, Feng ST, Wang YT, Chen B, Wang ZZ, Chen NH, Zhang Y. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of drug treatments for Parkinson's disease with depression: A systematic review with network meta-analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 927:175070. [PMID: 35659968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depressive symptom is the prevailing non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Drug treatments for depressed PD (dPD) can mitigate the symptoms of patients. However, the results are discordant and need further analysis. This systematic review with network meta-analysis aims to evaluate the drug treatments for dPD. We included double-blind, randomized controlled trials to compare antidepressants with placebo or other antidepressants in dPD. We performed traditional pairwise analysis and network meta-analysis concerning the efficacy, acceptability, depression score, and adverse effect. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve was to assess the ranking probabilities of the enrolled agents. We enrolled 62 studies, including 12,353 subjects, to analyze these estimates. For the traditional pairwise meta-analysis, dopamine agonist (DOP; OR = 2.20 [95% CI, 1.46 to 3.33]) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI; OR = 2.30 [95% CI, 1.15 to 4.60]) were observed to improve the efficacy compared with placebo. For network meta-analysis, DOP was observed to improve the efficacy compared with placebo (OR = -0.84 [95% CI, -1.20 to -0.48]). Both direct and indirect evidence showed that several treatments, e.g., DOP, monoamine-oxidase inhibitor, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, SSRI, and tricyclic antidepressants, significantly improved depressive symptoms. DOP and SSRI had good efficacy and improved symptoms considerably in dPD, but the adverse effect of these agents was needed to follow closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Le Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Tong Feng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Nabi M, Tabassum N. Role of Environmental Toxicants on Neurodegenerative Disorders. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:837579. [PMID: 35647576 PMCID: PMC9131020 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.837579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration leads to the loss of structural and functioning components of neurons over time. Various studies have related neurodegeneration to a number of degenerative disorders. Neurological repercussions of neurodegeneration can have severe impacts on the physical and mental health of patients. In the recent past, various neurodegenerative ailments such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s illnesses have received global consideration owing to their global occurrence. Environmental attributes have been regarded as the main contributors to neural dysfunction-related disorders. The majority of neurological diseases are mainly related to prenatal and postnatal exposure to industrially produced environmental toxins. Some neurotoxic metals, like lead (Pb), aluminium (Al), Mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As), and also pesticides and metal-based nanoparticles, have been implicated in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. The contaminants are known for their ability to produce senile or amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are the key features of these neurological dysfunctions. Besides, solvent exposure is also a significant contributor to neurological diseases. This study recapitulates the role of environmental neurotoxins on neurodegeneration with special emphasis on major neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masarat Nabi
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Masarat Nabi, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6498; Nahida Tabassum,
| | - Nahida Tabassum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Masarat Nabi, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6498; Nahida Tabassum,
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Hattori N, Kogo Y, Koebis M, Ishida T, Suzuki I, Tsuboi Y, Nomoto M. The Effects of Safinamide Adjunct Therapy on Depression and Apathy in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: Post-hoc Analysis of a Japanese Phase 2/3 Study. Front Neurol 2022; 12:752632. [PMID: 35222225 PMCID: PMC8869178 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.752632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been shown to significantly affect quality of life (QOL). We investigated the impact of safinamide on depression and apathy when administered as an adjunct to levodopa in Japanese patients with PD. Methods This was a post-hoc analysis of data from a phase 2/3 clinical study of safinamide in Japanese patients with PD experiencing wearing-off (JapicCTI-153056; https://www.clinicaltrials.jp/cti-user/trial/ShowDirect.jsp?japicId=JapicCTI-153056). Patients received placebo, safinamide 50 mg, or safinamide 100 mg as an adjunct therapy. The endpoints for this analysis were changes from baseline to Week 24 in the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part I item 3 (depression) and item 4 (apathy) scores and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) “emotional well-being” domain score. Subgroup analyses investigated the relationship between neuropsychologic symptoms and improvements in motor fluctuation and assessed which patient populations might be expected to obtain neuropsychologic benefit from safinamide. Results Compared with placebo, safinamide (both doses) significantly improved UPDRS Part I item 3 scores in the overall analysis population, and the 100-mg dose improved UPDRS Part I item 4 scores in the population with apathy at baseline. Changes in the PDQ-39 “emotional well-being” score showed numerical, but not significant, dose-related improvements. Notable reductions in depression were associated with a change in daily ON-time ≥1 h, pain during OFF-time at baseline, and female sex. Conclusions The results from this post-hoc analysis of the Japanese phase 2/3 study suggest that safinamide could bring benefits to patients with PD who have mild depression, pain during the OFF phase. In addition, safinamide might provide particular benefits for patients with PD who have mild apathy and female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kogo
- Medical Headquarters, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Ippei Suzuki
- Medicine Development Center, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tsuboi
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nomoto
- Department of Neurology, Saiseikai Imabari Center for Health and Welfare, Ehime, Japan
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Nair SS, Muddapu VR, Chakravarthy VS. A Multiscale, Systems-Level, Neuropharmacological Model of Cortico-Basal Ganglia System for Arm Reaching Under Normal, Parkinsonian, and Levodopa Medication Conditions. Front Comput Neurosci 2022; 15:756881. [PMID: 35046787 PMCID: PMC8762321 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2021.756881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the link between substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) cell loss and Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms, we developed a multiscale computational model that can replicate the symptoms at the behavioural level by incorporating the key cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying PD pathology. There is a modelling tradition that links dopamine to reward and uses reinforcement learning (RL) concepts to model the basal ganglia. In our model, we replace the abstract representations of reward with the realistic variable of extracellular DA released by a network of SNc cells and incorporate it in the RL-based behavioural model, which simulates the arm reaching task. Our results successfully replicated the impact of SNc cell loss and levodopa (L-DOPA) medication on reaching performance. It also shows the side effects of medication, such as wearing off and peak dosage dyskinesias. The model demonstrates how differential dopaminergic axonal degeneration in basal ganglia results in various cardinal symptoms of PD. It was able to predict the optimum L-DOPA medication dosage for varying degrees of cell loss. The proposed model has a potential clinical application where drug dosage can be optimised as per patient characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sathyanandan Nair
- Laboratory for Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Vignayanandam Ravindernath Muddapu
- Laboratory for Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
- Laboratory for Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- Center for Complex Systems and Dynamics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- *Correspondence: V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
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Scorza FA, Guimarães-Marques M, Nejm M, de Almeida ACG, Scorza CA, Fiorini AC, Finsterer J. Sudden unexpected death in Parkinson's disease: Insights from clinical practice. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2022; 77:100001. [PMID: 35152167 PMCID: PMC8900653 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2021.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Classified as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging after Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder. In the last decade, despite advances in treatment, mortality rates linked with PD continued to reach significant figures. Available studies have shown that compared with healthy controls, patients with PD are accompanied by high rates of premature death. This is usually caused by factors such as pneumonia and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a significant proportion of patients with PD die suddenly. This is referred to as a sudden and unexpected death in PD (SUDPAR). Here, we focus on the magnitude of SUDPAR. Finally, it is important to learn more about SUDPAR for the implementation of effective prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio A Scorza
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Neuroscience Center of the Woman Health "Professor Geraldo Rodrigues de Lima", Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Guimarães-Marques
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Nejm
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos G de Almeida
- Neuroscience Center of the Woman Health "Professor Geraldo Rodrigues de Lima", Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Carla A Scorza
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Neuroscience Center of the Woman Health "Professor Geraldo Rodrigues de Lima", Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana C Fiorini
- Neuroscience Center of the Woman Health "Professor Geraldo Rodrigues de Lima", Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Phonoaudiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Phonoaudiology Post graduation Program, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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12
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Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: Opening new avenues in treatment. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbeha.2021.100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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13
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Zheng SY, Li HX, Xu RC, Miao WT, Dai MY, Ding ST, Liu HD. Potential roles of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 69:101347. [PMID: 33905953 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complicated neurodegenerative disease attributed to multifactorial changes. However, its pathological mechanism remains undetermined. Accumulating evidence has revealed the emerging functions of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites, which can affect both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Accordingly, intestinal dysbiosis might be closely associated with PD. This review explores alterations to gut microbiota, correlations with clinical manifestations of PD, and briefly probes the underlying mechanisms. Next, the highly controversial roles of microbial metabolites including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), H2 and H2S are discussed. Finally, the pros and cons of the current treatments for PD, including those targeting microbiota, are assessed. Advancements in research techniques, further studies on levels of specific strains and longitudinal prospective clinical trials are urgently needed for the identification of early diagnostic markers and the development of novel therapeutic approaches for PD.
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Li KP, Zhou ZL, Zhou RZ, Zhu Y, Zhang ZQ. Improvement of freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease by music exercise therapy: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:335. [PMID: 33971928 PMCID: PMC8112051 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Progression of freezing of gait, a common pathological gait in Parkinson’s disease, is an important risk factor for diagnosing the disease and has been shown to predispose patients to easy falls, loss of independent living ability, and reduced quality of life. Treating Parkinson’s disease with freezing of gait is very difficult, while the use of medicine and operation has been ineffective. Music exercise therapy, which entails listening to music as you exercise, has been proposed as a treatment technology that can change patients’ behavior, emotions, and physiological activity. In recent years, music exercise therapy has been widely used in treatment of motor disorders and neurological diseases and achieved remarkable results. Results from our earlier pilot study revealed that music exercise therapy can improve the freezing of gait of Parkinson’s patients and improve their quality of life. Therefore, we aim to validate clinical efficacy of this therapy on freezing of gait of Parkinson’s patients using a larger sample size. Methods/design This three-arm randomized controlled trial will evaluate clinical efficacy of music exercise therapy in improving the freezing of gait in Parkinson’s patients. We will recruit a total of 81 inpatients with Parkinson’s disease, who meet the trial criteria. The patients will randomly receive music exercise with and without music as well as routine rehabilitation therapies, followed by analysis of changes in their gait and limb motor function after 4 weeks of intervention. We will first use a three-dimensional gait analysis system to evaluate changes in patients’ gait, followed by assessment of their limb function, activity of daily living and fall risk. Discussion The findings of this trial are expected to affirm the clinical application of this therapy for future management of the disease. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900026063. Registered on September 20, 2019
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Peng Li
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Shanghai Second Rehabilitation Hospital, No. 25, Lane 860, Changjiang Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200441, China
| | - Zong-Lei Zhou
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ru-Zhen Zhou
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Shanghai Second Rehabilitation Hospital, No. 25, Lane 860, Changjiang Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200441, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Shanghai Second Rehabilitation Hospital, No. 25, Lane 860, Changjiang Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200441, China.
| | - Zeng-Qiao Zhang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Shanghai Second Rehabilitation Hospital, No. 25, Lane 860, Changjiang Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200441, China. .,School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Inhibition of long non-coding RNA HOXA11-AS against neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease model via targeting miR-124-3p mediated FSTL1/NF-κB axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11455-11469. [PMID: 33839699 PMCID: PMC8109130 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Studies have revealed that lncRNA HOXA11-AS contributes to regulating inflammation, while the role of HOXA11-AS in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear. Methods: Both in vivo and in vitro PD models were induced. Gain- or loss-assays of HOXA11-AS and miR-124-3p were conducted. The neurological functions, dopaminergic neurons damage, microglia activation of PD mice were measured. Afterwards, the expressions of inflammatory factors were examined with RT-PCR. Western blot was employed to detect the level of FSTL1, NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome. Meanwhile, bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay were utilized to confirm the targeting relationships among miR-124-3p, HOXA11-AS and FSTL1. Results: HOXA11-AS promoted MPTP-mediated SH-SY5Y neuronal injury and LPS-induced microglia activation, while miR-124-3p had the opposite effects. Additionally, miR-124-3p was the target of HOXA11-AS and FSTL1. HOXA11-AS overexpression enhanced the expression of inflammatory factors and FSTL1, NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome, while inhibiting NF-κB weakened HOXA11-AS-mediated neuronal damage and microglia activation. Moreover, HOXA11-AS1 downregulation ameliorated MPTP-induced neurological damages and neuroinflammation in mice. Conclusion: Inhibition of HOXA11-AS protects mice against PD through repressing neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis through miR-124-3p-FSTL1-NF-κB axis.
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Zhi Y, Gao C. Acupuncture in the treatment of fatigue in Parkinson's disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23389. [PMID: 33235114 PMCID: PMC7710230 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is a commonly occurring nonmotor symptom among individuals of Parkinson's disease (PD). Little is known about how to measure fatigue in PD. This study is aiming to investigate the safety and efficacy of acupuncture for PD-related fatigue. METHODS RCTs of acupuncture for PD-related fatigue will be retrieved from inception to July 2020 in 9 different databases such as Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE and so on. Search words will be used for the BC and acupuncture. The analysis would include randomised, controlled, clinical trials of PD patients with fatigue that were published in either Chinese or English. The primary outcome is the fatigue condition. Two or three reviewers should be in charge of study selection, data extraction and evaluating the risk of bias. RevMan software (V.5.3) will be used to perform the assessment of the risk of bias and data synthesis. RESULTS To provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of acupuncture treating PD-related fatigue. CONCLUSION This study will be helpful for understanding the effect and safety of acupuncture for PD-related fatigue. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020160823.
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Park HA, Ellis AC. Dietary Antioxidants and Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070570. [PMID: 32630250 PMCID: PMC7402163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the depletion of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia, the movement center of the brain. Approximately 60,000 people are diagnosed with PD in the United States each year. Although the direct cause of PD can vary, accumulation of oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage due to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or impaired intracellular antioxidant defenses invariably occurs at the cellular levels. Pharmaceuticals such as dopaminergic prodrugs and agonists can alleviate some of the symptoms of PD. Currently, however, there is no treatment to halt the progression of PD pathology. Due to the nature of PD, a long and progressive neurodegenerative process, strategies to prevent or delay PD pathology may be well suited to lifestyle changes like dietary modification with antioxidant-rich foods to improve intracellular redox homeostasis. In this review, we discuss cellular and genetic factors that increase oxidative stress in PD. We also discuss neuroprotective roles of dietary antioxidants including vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium, and polyphenols along with their potential mechanisms to alleviate PD pathology.
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