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Nadolny S, Bruns F, Nowak A, Schildmann J. Moral competency of students at a german medical school - A longitudinal survey. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:691. [PMID: 38918781 PMCID: PMC11201357 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students and doctors face various challenges in clinical practice. Some of these challenges are related to ethical issues. Therefore, teaching ethics respectively building moral competences has become an integral part of the medical curriculum in Germany and many other countries. To date, there is little evidence on moral competence of medical students. METHODS Self-administered survey among medical students from one German medical school in the first (cohort 1) and fifth semester (cohort 2) in the winter term 2019/20 (T0). Both cohorts received the same questionnaire one year later in winter term 2020/21 (T1). Assessment was performed with Lind's Moral Competence Test. We performed convenience sampling. We analyzed the data with descriptive statistics and C-Scores as a measure of moral competence (higher scores = higher competence, ≥ 30 points = high competence). RESULTS A total of 613 students participated in the study (response rate 67.5%, n = 288 with data on both time points). 69.6% of the participants were female, the mean age was 21.3 years. Mean C-Score for both cohorts for T0 (first and fifth semester) is 32.5 ± 18.0 and for T1 (third and seventh semester) is 30.4 ± 17.9. Overall, 6.6% (T0) and 6.7% (T1) of respondents showed some but very low moral competence. 3.3% (T0) and 3.0% (T1) showed no moral competence. Additionally, students without prior experience in the healthcare system scored 3.0 points higher. CONCLUSIONS Improvement of assessment of moral competence as well effective interventions are particular needed for supporting those students which have been identified to demonstrate little moral competences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Nadolny
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112, Magdeburger Str. 8, Halle, Germany.
- Institute for Educational and Health-Care Research in the Health Sector, Hochschule Bielefeld - University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Florian Bruns
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112, Magdeburger Str. 8, Halle, Germany
- Institute for the History of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andre Nowak
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112, Magdeburger Str. 8, Halle, Germany
- Clinical Ethics and Ethics Committee, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Schildmann
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112, Magdeburger Str. 8, Halle, Germany
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Picón-Jaimes YA, Lozada-Martinez ID, Rahman S, Cantón Álvarez MB. Knowledge and attitudes of physicians in Chile toward Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation orders: A cross-sectional nation-wide study. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241259285. [PMID: 38867717 PMCID: PMC11168045 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241259285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation orders originated in the early 1960s with the establishment of advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. These orders aim to limit therapeutic efforts in cases where it may be futile. The decision not to resuscitate a patient is a process that involves a series of ethical, legal, and clinical considerations. Still, it also requires a process in which priority is given to the patients and their autonomy. The objective of this study was to describe the knowledge and attitudes of physicians working in Chile toward Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation orders. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which a digital questionnaire was sent to physicians from different regions of Chile. Quantitative variables were analyzed using measures of central tendency and dispersion (e.g., median and interquartile range), while qualitative variables were evaluated using frequencies and percentages. Results Four hundred and thirty-one physicians completed the survey. 85.4% were familiar with the ethical and legal guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the rights and duties of the patient. 39.2% believed that patients should have the final decision Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation orders, especially if they themselves requested not to be resuscitated. 87.7% mentioned that the Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation orders should be reassessed if the patient's prognosis improves. In addition, it was found that the decision not to resuscitate was not always discussed with the patient or their family. Conclusions The study revealed an ethical conflict regarding Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation orders and their management by Chilean physicians. Therefore, it is necessary to create recommendations and provide training to guide professionals in this process, which should also involve patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelson Alejandro Picón-Jaimes
- Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan David Lozada-Martinez
- Epidemiology Program, Department of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Zhang J, Tian Y. Final-year nursing students' perceptions of humanistic education in nursing: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:392. [PMID: 38594668 PMCID: PMC11005204 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humanistic education is an important part of nursing education. Final-year nursing students' perceptions of nursing humanistic education are under-investigated. This study aimed to examined final-year nursing students' perceptions of nursing humanistic education in both school and hospital. METHODS This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from May to June 2022 among 107 final-year nursing students with a self-designed questionnaire. RESULTS Final-year nursing students recognized the importance of humanistic education, scoring above 4.0 on a 1-5 scale, while their initiative to enhance humanistic qualities was relatively low. Students' satisfaction with the number of humanities courses offered was only 3.7 ± 0.862. Moreover, 62.6% of students believed there was a need to enhance humanistic environmental development including corridor culture. The "monotonous teaching format" (63.6%) and "teaching methods" (64.5%) have emerged as focal points that students identified as needing attention and improvement. CONCLUSIONS In the future, nursing humanistic education can be enhanced by increasing the proportion of humanities, improving teaching methods, stimulating students' learning motivation, and strengthening the construction of humanistic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310005, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangyang Tian
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310005, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Kaşıkçı M, Yıldırım Z. Interventions to improve ethical decision-making skills in nursing students: A systematic review. Nurs Ethics 2024:9697330241239917. [PMID: 38576333 DOI: 10.1177/09697330241239917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions to improve ethical decision-making are available in nursing education. Evidence of its effectiveness is essential. OBJECTIVE This review examined the effectiveness of interventions to improve nursing students' ethical decision-making skills. METHODS A structured search was performed in Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, CINAHL EBSCO, and ULAKBIM. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instruments (JBI-MAStARI) was used to assess the quality of studies. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS Ethical approval was not required for this systematic review. FINDINGS The final review was composed of six studies of published between January 2013 and 2023. Nine different teaching methods applied to students. Although the importance of ethical decision-making skills in solving ethical problems that nurses may encounter at any time is known, it is thought that there is a lack of data in the literature in the last 10 years. The last 10 years were chosen as this aims to provide a review based on the most current, relevant and quality information. The review indicated that all of the teaching methods improved ethical decision-making. CONCLUSION Different teaching methods can be used in the nursing education curriculum to meet the learning needs of nursing students in ethical decision-making.
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Wiisak J, Stolt M, Igoumenidis M, Chiappinotto S, Gastmans C, Keogh B, Mertens E, Palese A, Papastavrou E, Mc Cabe C, Suhonen R. Factors contributing to the promotion of moral competence in nursing. Nurs Ethics 2024:9697330241235305. [PMID: 38504620 DOI: 10.1177/09697330241235305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Ethics is a foundational competency in healthcare inherent in everyday nursing practice. Therefore, the promotion of qualified nurses' and nursing students' moral competence is essential to ensure ethically high-quality and sustainable healthcare. The aim of this integrative literature review is to identify the factors contributing to the promotion of qualified nurses' and nursing students' moral competence. The review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023386947) and reported according to the PRISMA guideline. Focusing on qualified nurses' and nursing students' moral competence, a literature search was undertaken in January 2023 in six scientific databases: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, PubMed Medline, Scopus and Web of Science. Empirical studies written in English without time limitation were eligible for inclusion. A total of 29 full texts were retrieved and included out of 5233 citations. Quality appraisal was employed using Joanna Briggs Institute checklists and the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Research about the factors contributing to the promotion of qualified nurses' and nursing students' moral competence is limited and mainly explored using descriptive research designs. The contributing factors were identified as comprising two main categories: (1) human factors, consisting of four categories: individual, social, managerial and professional factors, and ten sub-categories; and (2) structural factors, consisting of four categories: educational, environmental, organisational and societal factors, and eight sub-categories. This review provides knowledge about the factors contributing to the promotion of qualified nurses' and nursing students' moral competence for the use of researchers, nurse educators, managers, organisations and policymakers. More research about the contributing factors is needed using complex intervention, implementation and multiple methods designs to ensure ethically sustainable healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minna Stolt
- University of Turku; Wellbeing Services County of Satakunta
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Riitta Suhonen
- University of Turku; Turku University Hospital; Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland
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Mohammadi F, Borzou SR, Khazaei S, Bijani M, Masoumi SZ, Hosseini SK. Designing and psychometric assessment of the moral intelligence scale for healthcare professionals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4515. [PMID: 38402272 PMCID: PMC10894252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The moral intelligence of healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room is one of the most important aspects of professional competence. However, moral intelligence is an abstract and multidimensional concept that needs to be clarified and described based on organizational culture and environment. Therefore, there is a need to design a specific scale for measuring the moral intelligence of healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room. This study aims to design and assess the psychometric properties of a moral intelligence scale for healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room. The present study was a mixed method study with a sequential exploratory approach. The research was conducted in 2023-2024 in Iran. The first phase data were collected from 20 healthcare professionals and were analyzed by conventional content analysis method. In the second phase, the validity and reliability of the instrument were evaluated by involving 300 healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room. The moral intelligence of health care professionals in the cardiac operating room was defined as moral sensitivity combined with moral commitment and moral courage for the provision of quality care that respects the principles of medical ethics. After deducing the conceptual framework, the moral intelligence scale for healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room was developed with three dimensions: "moral sensitivity," "moral commitment," and "moral courage." 11 items were removed during testing to ensure content validity. Face validity was confirmed with impact scores > 1.5 for all items. A scale was developed through factor analysis with three factors that accounted for 73.04% of the observed variance. The instrument's reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient calculation was reported as 0.94 for the entire instrument. The testretest showed no statistically significant difference between the pre and post-test scores of moral intelligence (p = 0.51). The moral intelligence scale demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. The moral intelligence scale for health care professionals in the cardiac operating room demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. This instrument may serve to assess the moral intelligence of healthcare professionals and determine the need for educational interventions to reduce the ethical challenges and improve the moral intelligence of this healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Mohammadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Chronic Diseases (Home care) Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Borzou
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Chronic Diseases (Home care) Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Bijani
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Farshchian Cardiovascular Subspecialty Medical Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Amit-Aharon A, Warshawski S. Sophomore nursing students' perception of their Professional Behavior toward Rehabilitation patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:443. [PMID: 37993851 PMCID: PMC10666364 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rehabilitation is considered one of the elements of universal health coverage, emphasizing its importance for every person in need throughout the life course. Nurses play a pivotal role in the rehabilitation team as they possess the competencies to help individuals manage health problems and maximize potential well-being. Yet, little is known regarding knowledge of this subject among nursing students, as well as regarding their attitudes, thoughts, and professional behavior. This study aimed to explore: (a) Sophomore students' attitudes, feelings, thoughts, and professional behavior toward rehabilitation patients; and (b) Differences in the research variables as affected by students' previous exposure to rehabilitation patients. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design among sophomore nursing students. A questionnaire was distributed through a commercial internet survey provider (Qualtrics.com) before the beginning of a mandatory course on "nursing rehabilitation", introduced for the first time in 2022 in all Israeli universities. Students were divided into three groups according to their previous exposure to rehabilitation patients: no professional or personal previous exposure to rehabilitation patients; previous professional or personal exposure to rehabilitation patients; and previous exposure to rehabilitation patients both in one's professional and personal life. The study adhered to the STROBE guidelines. RESULTS The sample consisted of 122 participants. Significant differences were found between the groups by their previous exposure to rehabilitation patients. Participants with no previous exposure to rehabilitation patients were found to have lower self-perceived capability to care for rehabilitation patients and more negative professional behavior toward rehabilitation patients and their families compared to the other two groups (H = 22.06, p = 0.006, H = 23.86, p = 0.03, respectively). No other statistical differences were observed between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasize the importance of exposing students to the field of nursing rehabilitation and to the care of rehabilitation patients. Exposure to nursing rehabilitation specifically during one's studies, through theoretical learning and clinical experience, can promote positive attitudes, professional values, and positive professional behavior toward these patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Amit-Aharon
- Department of Nursing, Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sigalit Warshawski
- Department of Nursing, Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Ortega-Galán ÁM, Fernández-Martínez E, Ibáñez-Masero O, Ortiz-Amo R, Gómez-Beltrán MDPA, Ruíz-Fernández MD. Attitudes of nursing students towards the legalization of euthanasia, end-of-life planning and the spiritual dimension: A quantitative study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2023; 124:105770. [PMID: 36848698 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Law on Euthanasia was approved in Spain and implemented in the health system. Nursing students must position themselves with respect to euthanasia in their work in the near future. OBJECTIVES To know the attitudes of nursing students towards the legalization of euthanasia, its relationship with end-of-life planning, and the spiritual dimension. DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS Study carried out with students of the Nursing Degree at the Universities of Huelva and Almería in Spain from April to July 2021. METHODS Attitudes towards the final phase of life, Anxiety towards death, and Attitudes towards Euthanasia questionnaires were administered. Descriptive, inferential and logistic regression statistics were calculated to determine the relationship between attitudes towards euthanasia and sociodemographic variables, end-of-life planning, and the spiritual dimension. RESULTS 285 Nursing students with an average age of 23.58 years (SD = 8.19) participated. The scores on the attitude towards euthanasia were higher than the mean. While 70.5 % of the students were aware about advanced planning, only 2.5 % of them had made advanced plans. In religious practice and the spiritual dimension, the average score was high as they considered these elements to be of great support at the end of life. In terms of anxiety about death, the average score was significantly higher in women. Age, spiritual accompaniment and help, and the frequency with which spiritual beliefs are practiced are predictive factors for the attitude towards euthanasia. CONCLUSIONS Students have a positive vision of euthanasia while admitting anxiety about death. They emphasize advance planning and greater religious practice as supports for euthanasia. The need for curricular training related to moral deliberation and values that support euthanasia is clear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rocío Ortiz-Amo
- Departament of Psychology, Area of Social Work and Social Service, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
| | | | - María Dolores Ruíz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain; Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.
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Ethikbildung in der Pflege – strukturelle Besonderheiten und didaktische Implikationen der Pflegeausbildung. Ethik Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00481-022-00709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie Pflegeausbildung weist die Besonderheit auf, dass die berufliche Bildung an unterschiedlichen Lernorten erfolgt. Die jeweils beteiligten Lernorte (Lernort Theorie, Lernort Praxis, zunehmend erweitert durch den dritten Lernort, das Skillslab) beeinflussen und fördern die Entwicklung der Ethikkompetenzen der angehenden Pflegfachpersonen – lernortspezifisch als auch lernortübergreifend – in unterschiedlicher Weise. Diese besonderen strukturellen Gegebenheiten des Lehrens und Lernens wirken sich sowohl auf die Ausgestaltung der Ethikbildung als auch auf die Förderung der Ethikkompetenzentwicklung im Ausbildungsverlauf aus.Die Ausführungen leitet die folgende Frage: Welche spezifischen pädagogischen und didaktischen Anforderungen, aber auch welche bildungsrelevanten Rahmungen ergeben sich angesichts der unterschiedlichen Lernorte für die Ethikbildung und die Ethikkompetenzentwicklung zukünftiger Pflegefachpersonen?Der Beitrag unterstreicht die Relevanz einer systematischen, methodisch reflektierten und lernortabgestimmten Ethikbildung im Bereich der Pflegeausbildung wie auch die Relevanz der bewussten Einbindung ethischer Reflexionsräume in die Prozesse der Ethikkompetenzentwicklung an den jeweiligen Lernorten. Die Besonderheiten der Ethikbildung erschließen sich hierbei aus den pflegeberuflichen Anforderungen an das professionelle Pflegehandeln und aus den Erfahrungen der Lernenden an den unterschiedlichen Lernorten im Verlauf der Pflegeausbildung.
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Ortega-Galán ÁM, Ruiz-Fernández MD, Alcaraz-Córdoba A, Gómez-Beltrán PA, Díaz-Morales D, Ortiz-Amo R. Nursing students' perceptions of euthanasia legislation: A qualitative study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 116:105466. [PMID: 35834867 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain; Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.
| | - Andrea Alcaraz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain
| | | | | | - Rocío Ortiz-Amo
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain
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Grönlund CF, Brännström M. Postgraduate nursing students' experiences of practicing ethical communication. Nurs Ethics 2022; 29:1709-1720. [PMID: 35773019 DOI: 10.1177/09697330221109943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethics communication has been described as a pedagogical form, promoting development of ethical competence among nursing students. The 'one to five method' was developed by this research group as a tool for facilitating ethical communication in groups among healthcare professionals but has not yet been evaluated. AIM To explore post-graduate nursing students' experiences of practicing ethical communication in groups. RESEARCH DESIGN The study design is qualitative. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT The study comprised 12 nursing students on a post-graduate course for Registered Nurses focusing on palliative care. After education the students engaged as participants and facilitators in ethics communication in groups, with support from the 'one to five method'. Data were derived from the students written reflections and subjected to thematic analysis. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards in the 2013 Helsinki Declaration and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty at Umeå University. RESULTS An overall theme was identified, 'being supported to achieve a democratic dialogue concerning ethical problems' and five themes, related to each step of the 'one to five method'. The themes concerned: putting the experience of an ethical dilemma into words; being confirmed by shared emotions; defining the value conflict using ethical principles; expressing virtues of empathy and raised awareness; jointly finding various action approaches. DISCUSSION Regular ethics communication in groups encourages nursing students to actively seek understanding and clarification of ethically difficult situations. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that ethics communication in groups could be a way of developing virtues during education. Interventions using the 'one to five method' need to be further studied among student groups from other healthcare contexts.
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Yesodharan R, Shehata SA, Jose TT, Hagras AM, Nayak V. Medico-legal history taking from the victims of sexual assaults: the role of nurse examiners. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-022-00284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sexual assault examiners provides comprehensive health care to victims of sexual assault. Communication with the victim is important to collect relevant information from the victims. Ineffective communications can cause re-victimization and hamper the medico-legal evidence collection.
Main text
This article aims to orient the novice examiner and nurses to the prerequisites of medico-legal history collection, techniques of building trust, establishing rapport, ensuring privacy and confidentiality, taking consent, communicating effectively with the victims of sexual assault, and components of medico-legal history collection.
Conclusions
Novice examiners and nurses need to be trained in collecting medico-legal history and evidence. The examiners who conduct the examination should be dedicated to delivering compassionate and high-quality care to individuals who have disclosed sexual assault.
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Ertuğrul B, Arslan GG, Ayik C, Özden D. The effects of an ethics laboratory program on moral sensitivity and professional values in nursing students: A randomized controlled study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 111:105290. [PMID: 35144203 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, moral sensitivity and professional values have become increasingly important in nursing education and have been tried to be improved. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of an ethics laboratory program integrated with the fundamentals of nursing course on the moral sensitivity and professional values of nursing students. DESIGN The present study was designed as a randomized controlled study. The 8-week ethics laboratory program was applied to the students in the intervention group. In the ethics laboratory program, interactive education methods, such as ethical scenarios, case studies, roleplay, group discussions, project papers and watching movies, were applied. Control group received the standard fundamentals of nursing curriculum. PARTICIPANTS The sample size was determined using stratified block randomization method, and 100 nursing students were assigned to intervention (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). RESULTS There was no baseline difference between the groups. The moral sensitivity average of the students in the intervention (82.66 ± 12.57) was lower than the average of the control group (85.64 ± 16.83) after the ethics laboratory program; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p > .05). Similarly, there were no significant differences between the intervention (132.32 ± 16.83) and the control group (131.81 ± 20.55) regarding the average score of professional values. In the responsibility sub-dimension of professional values, there was a statistically significant increase in the intervention group (p < .05). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the ethics laboratory program for nursing students is effective in promoting responsibility sub-dimension of professional values. However, there was no significant effect on students' moral sensitivity and other dimensions of professional values. Further refinements of interventional research in ethics education and measurement of learning outcomes should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Ertuğrul
- Dokuz Eylul University, Institute of Health Sciences, Nursing Faculty, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | - Cahide Ayik
- Dokuz Eylul University, Institute of Health Sciences, Nursing Faculty, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Özden
- Dokuz Eylul University, Nursing Faculty, Izmir, Turkey
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Andersson H, Svensson A, Frank C, Rantala A, Holmberg M, Bremer A. Ethics education to support ethical competence learning in healthcare: an integrative systematic review. BMC Med Ethics 2022; 23:29. [PMID: 35305627 PMCID: PMC8933936 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-022-00766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethical problems in everyday healthcare work emerge for many reasons and constitute threats to ethical values. If these threats are not managed appropriately, there is a risk that the patient may be inflicted with moral harm or injury, while healthcare professionals are at risk of feeling moral distress. Therefore, it is essential to support the learning and development of ethical competencies among healthcare professionals and students. The aim of this study was to explore the available literature regarding ethics education that promotes ethical competence learning for healthcare professionals and students undergoing training in healthcare professions. METHODS In this integrative systematic review, literature was searched within the PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo databases using the search terms 'health personnel', 'students', 'ethics', 'moral', 'simulation', and 'teaching'. In total, 40 articles were selected for review. These articles included professionals from various healthcare professions and students who trained in these professions as subjects. The articles described participation in various forms of ethics education. Data were extracted and synthesised using thematic analysis. RESULTS The review identified the need for support to make ethical competence learning possible, which in the long run was considered to promote the ability to manage ethical problems. Ethical competence learning was found to be helpful to healthcare professionals and students in drawing attention to ethical problems that they were not previously aware of. Dealing with ethical problems is primarily about reasoning about what is right and in the patient's best interests, along with making decisions about what needs to be done in a specific situation. CONCLUSIONS The review identified different designs and course content for ethics education to support ethical competence learning. The findings could be used to develop healthcare professionals' and students' readiness and capabilities to recognise as well as to respond appropriately to ethically problematic work situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Andersson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
- Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
- Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life, and Social Welfare, University of Borås, 50190, Borås, Sweden.
| | - Anders Svensson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Department of Ambulance Service, Region Kronoberg, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Catharina Frank
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Andreas Rantala
- Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Emergency Department, Helsingborg General Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Mats Holmberg
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
- Department of Ambulance Service, Region Sörmland, Katrineholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Bremer
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Department of Ambulance Service, Region Kalmar County, Kalmar, Sweden
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Pai HC, Hwu LJ, Lu YC, Yen WJ. Effects of an ethical decision-making reasoning scheme in nursing students: A randomized, open-label, controlled trial. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 108:105189. [PMID: 34741911 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research suggests that, to design a program to help students to develop ethical decision making, competence and courage to confront ethical dilemmas should be critical components. PURPOSE This study examines the effect of an ethical decision-making reasoning scheme in ethical decision making and communication self-efficacy in nursing students. METHODS This study was a prospective and randomized, open-label, controlled trial design. Nursing students from a medical university served as participants. Students were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG), which received the ethical decision-making reasoning scheme intervention, or a control group (CG), which received a standard general course. The effect was measured with the Ethical Decision-Making Scale-Revised and the Self-efficacy for Communication Scale. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to measure between-group differences, and paired t-tests were used to measure pre- and post-IG/CG differences. RESULTS A total of 101 nursing students were included and randomly assigned to the IG (n = 50) and CG (n = 51), and 41 IG and 43 CG students completed all aspects of the study. The findings show that there was significant improvement in self-efficacy in communication (t = 2.341, p = .024) and a decrease in difficulty in communication (t = 2.330, p = .025) in the IG. Ethical decision-making competencies improved more in the IG compared to the CG (F = 4.856, p = .034). Ethical decision-making competencies increased in both males and females, but there were no significant differences between males and females at the end of study (F = 0.264, p = .610). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ethical decision-making training can improve students' confidence in communicating with patients and may help to improve students' more complex ethical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chu Pai
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taiwan, ROC; Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Lien-Jen Hwu
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yen-Chiao Lu
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wen-Jiuan Yen
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taiwan, ROC; Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
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