1
|
Zheng Y, Yang W, Wu W, Jin F, Lu D, Gao J, Wang S. Diagnostic and predictive significance of the ferroptosis-related gene TXNIP in lung adenocarcinoma stem cells based on multi-omics. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101926. [PMID: 38615437 PMCID: PMC11033204 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer stands as the foremost cause of cancer-related fatalities globally. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) poses a challenge, rendering current targeted tumor therapies ineffective. This study endeavors to investigate a novel therapeutic approach focusing on ferroptosis and delves into the expression of ferroptosis-related genes within lung CSCs. METHODS We systematically examined RNA-seq datasets derived from lung tumor cells (LTCs) and lung cancer stem cells (LSCs), as previously investigated in our research. Our focus was on analyzing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to ferroptosis. Utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO), we conducted functional analysis of these ferroptosis-related DEGs. Additionally, we employed protein‒protein interaction networks to identify hub genes. LC‒MS/MS analysis of LTCs and LSCs was conducted to pinpoint the crucial ferroptosis-related gene-thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP).Further, we delved into the immune cell infiltration landscape of LTCs and LSCs, examining the correlation between TXNIP and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. To complement these findings, we measured the expression levels of TXNIP, glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) in LUAD tissues through immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. RESULTS A total of 651 DEGs were identified, with 17 of them being ferroptosis-related DEGs. These seventeen genes were categorized into four groups: driver genes, suppressor genes, unclassified genes, and inducer genes. Enrichment analysis revealed significant associations with oxidative stress, cell differentiation, tissue development, and cell death processes. The RNA-seq analysis demonstrated consistent gene expression patterns with protein expression, as evidenced by mass spectrometry analysis. Among the identified genes, SFN and TXNIP were singled out as hub genes, with TXNIP showing particularly noteworthy expression. The expression of the ferroptosis-related gene TXNIP exhibited correlations with the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment, TNM stages, and the degree of histological differentiation.Also, the ferroptosis-markers GPX4 and NCOA4 displayed correlations with LUAD. This comprehensive analysis underscores the significance of TXNIP in the context of ferroptosis-related processes and their potential implications in cancer development and progression. CONCLUSION The investigation conducted in this study systematically delved into the role of the ferroptosis-related gene TXNIP in Lung CSCs. The identification of TXNIP as a potentially valuable biomarker in this context could have significant implications for refining prognostic assessments and optimizing therapeutic strategies for advanced lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Weixuan Wu
- Department of General Practice, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital),Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Dehua Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Shubin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zou Z, Luo T, Wang X, Wang B, Li Q. Exploring the interplay between triple-negative breast cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment for effective therapeutic strategies. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38807378 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic malignancy with poor treatment outcomes. The interaction between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) plays an important role in the development of TNBC. Owing to their ability of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, BCSCs maintain tumor growth, drive metastatic colonization, and facilitate the development of drug resistance. TME is the main factor regulating the phenotype and metastasis of BCSCs. Immune cells, cancer-related fibroblasts (CAFs), cytokines, mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, and extracellular matrix within the TME form a complex communication network, exert highly selective pressure on the tumor, and provide a conducive environment for the formation of BCSC niches. Tumor growth and metastasis can be controlled by targeting the TME to eliminate BCSC niches or targeting BCSCs to modify the TME. These approaches may improve the treatment outcomes and possess great application potential in clinical settings. In this review, we summarized the relationship between BCSCs and the progression and drug resistance of TNBC, especially focusing on the interaction between BCSCs and TME. In addition, we discussed therapeutic strategies that target the TME to inhibit or eliminate BCSCs, providing valuable insights into the clinical treatment of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoling Zou
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tinglan Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Chongqing Medicine University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chehelgerdi M, Behdarvand Dehkordi F, Chehelgerdi M, Kabiri H, Salehian-Dehkordi H, Abdolvand M, Salmanizadeh S, Rashidi M, Niazmand A, Ahmadi S, Feizbakhshan S, Kabiri S, Vatandoost N, Ranjbarnejad T. Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:189. [PMID: 38017433 PMCID: PMC10683363 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. The formation of cancer is a multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. iPSCs offer a distinctive platform for investigating the origin of cancer, paving the way for novel approaches to cancer treatment, drug testing, and tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview of the science behind iPSCs, the current limitations and challenges in iPSC-based cancer therapy, the ethical and social implications, and the comparative analysis with other stem cell types for cancer treatment. The article will also discuss the applications of iPSCs in tumorigenesis, the future of iPSCs in tumorigenesis research, and highlight successful case studies utilizing iPSCs in tumorigenesis research. The conclusion will summarize the advancements made in iPSC-based tumorigenesis research and the importance of continued investment in iPSC research to unlock the full potential of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Behdarvand Dehkordi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abdolvand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sharareh Salmanizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jereeb Street, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anoosha Niazmand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saba Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sara Feizbakhshan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nasimeh Vatandoost
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Ranjbarnejad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie S, Hu Y, Jin J, Fu L, Zhang C, Yang Q, Niu Y, Sheng Z. Regulation of the stem‑like properties of estrogen receptor‑positive breast cancer cells through NR2E3/NR2C2 signaling. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:474. [PMID: 37664670 PMCID: PMC10469576 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are major drivers of metastasis, drug resistance and recurrence in numerous cancers. However, critical factors that can modulate CSC stemness have not been clearly identified. Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 3 (nr2e3) expression has been previously reported to be positively associated with drug sensitivity and favorable clinical outcomes in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)+ breast cancer. This suggests that nr2e3 expression may be inversely associated with CSC stemness in this type of tumor cells. The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory roles of NR2E3 in the stem-like properties of ER+ breast cancer cells and to identify the underlying mechanisms. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using the data derived from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Nr2e3-specific shRNA and nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 2 (nr2c2) overexpressed plasmids were constructed to silence and enhance the expression of nr2e3 and nr2c2, respectively. Transwell and wound healing experiments were conducted to evaluate the migration and invasion ability of MCF7 cells, while colony formation tests were used to evaluate the clonality. Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of CD44+CD24-/low cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were performed to detect expression at the mRNA and protein levels. The results showed that compared with normal breast tissues and MCF10A cells, the expression of nr2e3 was increased in ER+ breast tumor tissues and cell lines. Nr2e3 silencing promoted the migration, invasion and colony-forming ability of the ER+ MCF7 cells. It also increased the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and stem cell-related transcription factors, in addition to the percentage of CD44+CD24-/low cells. The expression of nr2e3 and nr2c2 was found to be positively correlated. Nr2e3 knockdown decreased the mRNA and protein expression levels of nr2c2, whereas nr2c2 overexpression reversed the elevated CD44+CD24-/low cell ratio and the increased migratory activity caused by nr2e3 silencing. The results of the present study suggest that NR2E3 may serve an important role in modulating the stem-like properties of ER+ breast cancer cells, where NR2E3/NR2C2 signaling may be a therapeutic target in ER+ breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanglun Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Yaru Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui 236000, P.R. China
| | - Jiacheng Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Lingzhi Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233099, P.R. China
| | - Cong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233099, P.R. China
| | - Yaxin Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233099, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Sheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fernando W, Clark RF, Rupasinghe HPV, Hoskin DW, Coombs MRP. Phloridzin Docosahexaenoate Inhibits Spheroid Formation by Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Exhibits Cytotoxic Effects against Paclitaxel-Resistant Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14577. [PMID: 37834020 PMCID: PMC10572370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The eradication of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is vital to successful cancer treatment and overall disease-free survival. CSCs are a sub-population of cells within a tumor that are defined by their capacity for continuous self-renewal and recapitulation of new tumors, demonstrated in vitro through spheroid formation. Flavonoids are a group of phytochemicals with potent anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. This paper explores the impact of the flavonoid precursor phloridzin (PZ) linked to the ω-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate (DHA) on the growth of MCF-7 and paclitaxel-resistant MDA-MB-231-TXL breast cancer cell lines. Spheroid formation assays, acid phosphatase assays, and Western blotting were performed using MCF-7 cells, and the cell viability assays, Annexin-V-488/propidium iodide (PI) staining, and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) assays were performed using MDA-MB-231-TXL cells. PZ-DHA significantly reduced spheroid formation, as well as the metabolic activity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro. Treatment with PZ-DHA also suppressed the metabolic activity of MDA-MB-231-TXL cells and led to apoptosis. PZ-DHA did not have an observable effect on the expression of the drug efflux transporters ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 (ABCG2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1). PZ-DHA is a potential treatment avenue for chemo-resistant breast cancer and a possible novel CSC therapy. Future pre-clinical studies should explore PZ-DHA as a chemo-preventative agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wasundara Fernando
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
| | - Rikki F. Clark
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - David W. Hoskin
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
| | - Melanie R. Power Coombs
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luo Q, Liu P, Yu P, Qin T. Cancer Stem Cells are Actually Stem Cells with Disordered Differentiation: the Monophyletic Origin of Cancer. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:827-838. [PMID: 36648606 PMCID: PMC10185654 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10508-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in cancer development. Based on advancements in CSC research, we propose a monophyletic model of cancer. This model is based on the idea that CSCs are stem cells with disordered differentiation whose original purpose was to repair damaged tissues. Inflammatory responses and damage repair signals are crucial for the creation and maintenance of CSCs. Normal quiescent stem cells are activated by environmental stimulation, such as an inflammatory response, and undergo cell division and differentiation. In the initial stage of cancer development, stem cell differentiation leads to heteromorphism due to the accumulation of gene mutations, resulting in the development of metaplasia or precancerosis. In the second stage, accumulated mutations induce poor differentiation and lead to cancer development. The monophyletic model illustrates the evolution, biological behavior, and hallmarks of CSCs, proposes a concise understanding of the origin of cancer, and may encourage a novel therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Luo
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Jinshui District, No. 7, Weiwu Rd., Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Jinshui District, No. 7, Weiwu Rd., Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Jinshui District, No. 7, Weiwu Rd., Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Jinshui District, No. 7, Weiwu Rd., Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ben-Yaakov H, Meshel T, Pasmanik-Chor M, Körner C, Ben-Baruch A. A Tumor Microenvironment-Driven Network Regulated by STAT3 and p65 Negatively Controls the Enrichment of Cancer Stem Cells in Human HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082255. [PMID: 37190183 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-; luminal A) tumors are prevalent in breast cancer. Our past studies demonstrated that "TME Stimulation" (estrogen + TNFα + EGF, representing three arms of the tumor microenvironment, TME) has enriched metastasis-forming cancer stem cells (CSCs) in HR+/HER2- human breast cancer cells. Here, following information obtained by RNAseq analyses of TME-stimulated CSCs and Non-CSCs, we found that TME Stimulation has induced the activation of S727-STAT3, Y705-STAT3, STAT1 and p65. Upon TME Stimulation, stattic (STAT3 inhibitor) usage demonstrated that Y705-STAT3 activation negatively controlled CSC enrichment and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) traits, while inducing CXCL8 (IL-8) and PD-L1 expression. However, STAT3 knock-down (siSTAT3) had no effect on these functions; in terms of CSC enrichment, p65 had down-regulatory roles that compensated for the loss of an entire STAT3 protein. Y705-STAT3 and p65 acted additively in reducing CSC enrichment, and Y705A-STAT3 variant + sip65 has enriched chemo-resistant CSCs. Clinical data analyses revealed an inverse correlation between Y705-STAT3 + p65 phosphorylation and CSC signature in luminal A patients, and connection to improved disease course. Overall, we find regulatory roles for Y705-STAT3 and p65 in TME-stimulated HR+/HER2- tumors, with the ability to limit CSC enrichment. These findings raise concerns about using inhibitors of STAT3 and p65 as therapeutic strategies in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Ben-Yaakov
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Cindy Körner
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adit Ben-Baruch
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lazzarini R, Eléxpuru-Zabaleta M, Piva F, Giulietti M, Fulgenzi G, Tartaglione MF, Zingaretti L, Tagliabracci A, Valentino M, Santarelli L, Bracci M. Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells: proteomic characterization. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114650. [PMID: 36805133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-MF) can modify the cell viability and regulatory processes of some cell types, including breast cancer cells. Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease where a role for ELF-MF cannot be excluded. ELF-MF may influence the biological properties of breast cells through molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are still unclear. This study analyzed the changes in the cell viability, cellular morphology, oxidative stress response and alteration of proteomic profile in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) exposed to ELF-MF (50 Hz, 1 mT for 4 h). Non-tumorigenic human breast cells (MCF-10A) were used as control cells. Exposed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells increased their viability and live cell number and showed a higher density and length of filopodia compared with the unexposed cells. In addition, ELF-MF induced an increase of the mitochondrial ROS levels and an alteration of mitochondrial morphology. Proteomic data analysis showed that ELF-MF altered the expression of 328 proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells and of 242 proteins in MCF-10A cells. Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis demonstrated that in both cell lines ELF-MF exposure up-regulated the genes enriched in "focal adhesion" and "mitochondrion". The ELF-MF exposure decreased the adhesive properties of MDA-MB-231 cells and increased the migration and invasion cell abilities. At the same time, proteomic analysis, confirmed by Real Time PCR, revealed that transcription factors associated with cellular reprogramming were upregulated in MDA-MB-231 cells and downregulated in MCF-10A cells after ELF-MF exposure. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells exposed to 1 mT 50 Hz ELF-MF showed modifications in proteomic profile together with changes in cell viability, cellular morphology, oxidative stress response, adhesion, migration and invasion cell abilities. The main signaling pathways involved were relative to focal adhesion, mitochondrion and cellular reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Lazzarini
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Maria Eléxpuru-Zabaleta
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Matteo Giulietti
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Fulgenzi
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Maria Fiorella Tartaglione
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Laura Zingaretti
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Adriano Tagliabracci
- Department of Excellence of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Matteo Valentino
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Preclinical and Clinical Trials of New Treatment Strategies Targeting Cancer Stem Cells in Subtypes of Breast Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050720. [PMID: 36899854 PMCID: PMC10001180 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) can be classified into various histological subtypes, each associated with different prognoses and treatment options, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Despite advances in this area, many patients still face treatment failure, the risk of metastasis, and disease recurrence, which can ultimately lead to death. Mammary tumors, like other solid tumors, contain a population of small cells known as cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) that have high tumorigenic potential and are involved in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, tumor recurrence, and resistance to therapy. Therefore, designing therapies specifically targeting at CSCs could help to control the growth of this cell population, leading to increased survival rates for BC patients. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of CSCs, their surface biomarkers, and the active signaling pathways associated with the acquisition of stemness in BC. We also cover preclinical and clinical studies that focus on evaluating new therapy systems targeted at CSCs in BC through various combinations of treatments, targeted delivery systems, and potential new drugs that inhibit the properties that allow these cells to survive and proliferate.
Collapse
|
10
|
Stordal B. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of breast cancer: A call for action in high-income countries with low rates of breastfeeding. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4616-4625. [PMID: 36164270 PMCID: PMC9972148 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Women in the UK have a 15% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. Like other high-income countries, women in the UK are having children later in life which increases their risk. The risk of breast cancer is reduced by 4.3% for every 12 months of breastfeeding, this is in addition to the 7.0% decrease in risk observed for each birth. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (20%) and in carriers of BRCA1 mutations (22-55%). The mechanisms of reduced risk as a result of pregnancy are related to changes in RNA processing and cellular differentiation. The UK has a low rate of breastfeeding (81%) and this is contrasted to countries with higher (Sweden, Australia) and lower rates (Ireland). The low UK rate is in part due to a lack of experience in the population, todays grandmothers have less experience with breastfeeding (62%) than their daughters. An estimated 4.7% of breast cancer cases in the UK are caused by not breastfeeding. The UK only has 43% of maternity services with full Baby-Friendly accreditation which promotes compliance with the WHO 'Ten Steps to Successful Breast Feeding'. Legislation in the UK and Europe is far short of the WHO Guidance on restricting the advertising of formula milk. Expansion of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, stricter laws on the advertising of formula milk and legislation to support nursing mothers in the workplace have the potential to increase breastfeeding in the UK. Women with a family history of breast cancer should particularly be supported to breastfeed as a way of reducing their risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Britta Stordal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Taurin S, Rosengren RJ. Raloxifene potentiates the effect of gefitinib in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Med Oncol 2022; 40:45. [PMID: 36494506 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are characterized by a lack of approved targeted therapies and remain a challenge in the clinic. Several overexpressed proteins, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), have been associated with TNBCs and are considered potential therapeutic targets. However, EGFR inhibitors alone failed to demonstrate a cutting-edge advantage for treating TNBCs over conventional chemotherapies. Studies have shown that selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) tamoxifen and raloxifene also affect TNBC cell viability. The combination of gefitinib and raloxifene was assessed against TNBC cell lines in vitro. Two TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, were used to investigate the combination of gefitinib and raloxifene on cell viability, DNA synthesis, and apoptosis. The combination was assessed on intracellular signaling pathways, colony formation, migration, and angiogenesis. In the present study, raloxifene, in combination with gefitinib, decreased cell viability. The combination potentiates apoptosis and affects the expression and phosphorylation pattern of proteins involved in cell proliferation, such as NFκB, β-catenin, and EGFR. Furthermore, evidence of apoptosis activation was also observed, along with a decreased cell migration and tumorigenicity of TNBC cells. Moreover, the combined treatment decreased the ability of neovascularization as assessed by tube formation of endothelial cells. These results suggested the potential of the combination of raloxifene and gefitinib for the prevention of TNBC growth and the appearance of metastatic events. Our findings provide the basis for future studies on the mechanism involved in raloxifene-gefitinib inhibition of ER-negative tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Taurin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Building 293, Road 2904 Block 329, Manama, 007, Kingdom of Bahrain.
| | - Rhonda J Rosengren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Azizi E, Fouladdel S, Komeili Movahhed T, Modaresi F, Barzegar E, Ghahremani MH, Ostad SN, Atashpour S. Quercetin Effects on Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis and Doxorubicin Activity in T47D Cancer Stem Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:4145-4154. [PMID: 36579996 PMCID: PMC9971456 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.12.4145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Targeting breast cancer stem cells with the CD44+/CD24- phenotype is critical for complete eradication of cancer cells due to its Self-renewal, differentiation, and therapeutic resistance ability. Quercetin is a popular flavonoid with lower adverse effects and has anti-tumor properties. Therefore, we assessed the anticancer activity of Quercetin and Doxorubicin alone and in combination in the T47D cells of human breast cancer and their isolated Cancer stem cells (CSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The human breast cancer cell line T47D was used for this experiment. T47D CSCs were isolated by magnetic bead sorting using the MACS system. The anticancer activity of Quercetin and Doxorubicin alone and in combination were evaluated using MTT cytotoxicity assay and cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction by flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS We have shown that almost 1% of T47D cell populations are made up of CD44+/CD24- cells, which considered as cancer stem cells. Quercetin and Doxorubicin alone or in combination inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in breast cancer T47D cells and in lower extent in CD44+/CD24- cells. Quercetin significantly strengthened Doxorubicin's cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in both cell populations. Quercetin and Doxorubicin and their combination induced G2/M arrest in the T47D cells and to a lesser extent in isolated CSCs. A value of p < 0.05 was considered as indicating a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION These outcomes suggested that CSCs are a minor population of cancer cells, which play a significant role in drug resistance by being quiescent, slow cycling and resistance to apoptosis. Furthermore, our data showed that adding Quercetin to Doxorubicin is an effective approach for the treatment of both CSCs and bulk tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Azizi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Shamileh Fouladdel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. ,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | | | - Farzan Modaresi
- Departments of Microbiology, Advanced Medical Sciences and Technology,Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran..
| | - Elmira Barzegar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad H Ghahremani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Naser Ostad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Atashpour
- Department of Pharmacology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. ,For Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qian Y, Yang T, Liang H, Deng M. Myeloid checkpoints for cancer immunotherapy. Chin J Cancer Res 2022; 34:460-482. [PMID: 36398127 PMCID: PMC9646457 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2022.05.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid checkpoints are receptors on the myeloid cell surface which can mediate inhibitory signals to modulate anti-tumor immune activities. They can either inhibit cellular phagocytosis or suppress T cells and are thus involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. In the tumor microenvironment, besides killing tumor cells by phagocytosis or activating anti-tumor immunity by tumor antigen presentation, myeloid cells could execute pro-tumor efficacies through myeloid checkpoints by interacting with counter-receptors on other immune cells or cancer cells. In summary, myeloid checkpoints may be promising therapeutic targets for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Qian
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huan Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mi Deng
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100142, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chong KH, Chang YJ, Hsu WH, Tu YT, Chen YR, Lee MC, Tsai KW. Breast Cancer with Increased Drug Resistance, Invasion Ability, and Cancer Stem Cell Properties through Metabolism Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112875. [PMID: 36361665 PMCID: PMC9658063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and the survival rate of patients with breast cancer strongly depends on their stage and clinicopathological features. Chemoradiation therapy is commonly employed to improve the survivability of patients with advanced breast cancer. However, the treatment process is often accompanied by the development of drug resistance, which eventually leads to treatment failure. Metabolism reprogramming has been recognized as a mechanism of breast cancer resistance. In this study, we established a doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7-D500) cell line through a series of long-term doxorubicin in vitro treatments. Our data revealed that MCF-7-D500 cells exhibited increased multiple-drug resistance, cancer stemness, and invasiveness compared with parental cells. We analyzed the metabolic profiles of MCF-7 and MCF-7-D500 cells through liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry. We observed significant changes in 25 metabolites, of which, 21 exhibited increased levels (>1.5-fold change and p < 0.05) and 4 exhibited decreased levels (<0.75-fold change and p < 0.05) in MCF-7 cells with doxorubicin resistance. These results suggest the involvement of metabolism reprogramming in the development of drug resistance in breast cancer, especially the activation of glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the hexamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Furthermore, most of the enzymes involved in glycolysis, the HBP, and the TCA cycle were upregulated in MCF-7-D500 cells and contributed to the poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Our findings provide new insights into the regulation of drug resistance in breast cancer, and these drug resistance-related metabolic pathways can serve as targets for the treatment of chemoresistance in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kian-Hwee Chong
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Jen Chang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289 Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Tu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289 Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289 Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Lee
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289 Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289 Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-2-66289779 (ext. 5796); Fax: +886-2-66281258
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qi J, Shi Y, Tan Y, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Wang J, Huang C, Ci W. Regional gain and global loss of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine coexist in genitourinary cancers and regulate different oncogenic pathways. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:117. [PMID: 36127710 PMCID: PMC9491006 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is produced by dynamic 5mC oxidation process contributing to tissue specification, and loss of 5hmC has been reported in multiple cancers including genitourinary cancers. However, 5hmC is also cell-type specific, and its variability may exist between differentiated tumor cells and cancer stem cells. Thus, cancer-associated changes in 5hmC may be contributed by distinct sets of tumor cells within the tumor tissues. RESULTS Here, we applied a sensitive immunoprecipitation-based method (hMeDIP-seq) to analyze 5hmC changes during genitourinary carcinogenesis (including prostate, urothelial and kidney). We confirmed the tissue-specific distribution of 5hmC in genitourinary tissues and identified regional gain and global loss of 5hmC coexisting in genitourinary cancers. The genes with gain of 5hmC during tumorigenesis were functionally enriched in regulating stemness and hypoxia, whereas were associated with poor clinical prognosis irrespective of their differences in tumor type. We identified that gain of 5hmC occurred in soft fibrin gel-induced 3D tumor spheres with a tumor-repopulating phenotype in two prostate cancer cell lines, 22RV1 and PC3, compared with conventional two-dimensional (2D) rigid dishes. Then, we defined a malignant signature derived from the differentially hydroxymethylated regions affected genes of cancer stem-like cells, which could predict a worse clinical outcome and identified phenotypically malignant populations of cells from prostate cancer tumors. Notably, an oxidation-resistant vitamin C derivative, ascorbyl phosphate magnesium, restored 5hmC and killed the cancer stem cell-like cells leading to apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study dissects the regional gain of 5hmC in maintaining cancer stem-like cells and related to poor prognosis, which provides proof of concept for an epigenetic differentiation therapy with vitamin C by 5hmC reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yue Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yezhen Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianye Zhang
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China.,Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jilu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China.,Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Weimin Ci
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
MRI Images-Based Evaluation of Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer and Its Effect on Depression and Immune Function of Patients. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:8685680. [PMID: 36118949 PMCID: PMC9467715 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8685680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer (BC) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to evaluate its effect on depressive mood and immune function in patients. 70 female patients with BC who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were selected for the experiment to comprehensively evaluate the MRI image findings, immune cell levels before and after chemotherapy, as well as the depression score and influencing factors of the patients during chemotherapy. The results showed that 49 patients (70%) responded to treatment, and MRI showed that the breast mass after chemotherapy was significantly reduced. 55 patients experienced depressive mood during chemotherapy, and the incidence of depression was 78.5%. Adverse symptoms such as pain, worry, sadness, vertigo, and nausea are important factors in the development of depression in patients. However, there were no significant changes in the levels of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, and killer cells before and after chemotherapy, and only B cells showed a significant decrease (9.78 ± 3.65% and 7.63 ± 3.65%) (P < 0.05). In summary, neoadjuvant chemotherapy can effectively shrink the breast mass and provide favorable conditions for subsequent surgery, and its clinical efficacy can be more accurately assessed by MRI. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has little effect on the immune function of patients, but it will promote patients to experience depression. It provides a reference for the clinical treatment and prognosis of BC patients.
Collapse
|
17
|
Hussen BM, Kheder RK, Abdullah ST, Hidayat HJ, Rahman HS, Salihi A, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. Functional interplay between long non-coding RNAs and Breast CSCs. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:233. [PMID: 35864503 PMCID: PMC9306174 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) represents aggressive cancer affecting most women’s lives globally. Metastasis and recurrence are the two most common factors in a breast cancer patient's poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor cells that are able to self-renew and differentiate, which is a significant factor in metastasis and recurrence of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) describe a group of RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides and do not have the ability to code for proteins. Some of these lncRNAs can be mainly produced in various tissues and tumor forms. In the development and spread of malignancies, lncRNAs have a significant role in influencing multiple signaling pathways positively or negatively, making them promise useful diagnostic and prognostic markers in treating the disease and guiding clinical therapy. However, it is not well known how the interaction of lncRNAs with CSCs will affect cancer development and progression. Here, in this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings that focus on lncRNAs affect cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in breast cancer development and progression, as well as the strategies and challenges for overcoming lncRNA's therapeutic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil , Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ramiar Kamal Kheder
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.,Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania, KGR, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chang PY, Bakke J, Rosen CJ, Bjornstad KA, Mao JH, Blakely EA. Heavy-Ion-Induced Lung Tumors: Dose- & LET-Dependence. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060907. [PMID: 35743938 PMCID: PMC9225356 DOI: 10.3390/life12060907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a limited published literature reporting dose-dependent data for in vivo tumorigenesis prevalence in different organs of various rodent models after exposure to low, single doses of charged particle beams. The goal of this study is to reduce uncertainties in estimating particle-radiation-induced risk of lung tumorigenesis for manned travel into deep space by improving our understanding of the high-LET-dependent dose-response from exposure to individual ion beams after low particle doses (0.03–0.80 Gy). Female CB6F1 mice were irradiated with low single doses of either oxygen, silicon, titanium, or iron ions at various energies to cover a range of dose-averaged LET values from 0.2–193 keV/µm, using 137Cs γ-rays as the reference radiation. Sham-treated controls were included in each individual experiment totally 398 animals across the 5 studies reported. Based on power calculations, between 40–156 mice were included in each of the treatment groups. Tumor prevalence at 16 months after radiation exposure was determined and compared to the age-matched, sham-treated animals. Results indicate that lung tumor prevalence is non-linear as a function of dose with suggestions of threshold doses depending on the LET of the beams. Histopathological evaluations of the tumors showed that the majority of tumors were benign bronchioloalveolar adenomas with occasional carcinomas or lymphosarcomas which may have resulted from metastases from other sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polly Y. Chang
- Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (P.Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - James Bakke
- Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (P.Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Chris J. Rosen
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Kathleen A. Bjornstad
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Eleanor A. Blakely
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ren K, He J, Qiu Y, Xu Z, Wang X, Li J, Zang S, Yang Y, Li J, Long Y, Zhang Z, Li M, He Q. A neutrophil-mediated carrier regulates tumor stemness by inhibiting autophagy to prevent postoperative triple-negative breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. Acta Biomater 2022; 145:185-199. [PMID: 35447368 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recurrence and metastasis after resection are still the main challenges in clinical treatment of breast cancer. Residual tumor and cancer stem-like cells are the primary culprits of recurrence and metastasis. Recent research studies indicate that autophagy is a cytoprotective mechanism of tumors, which maintains the stemness of cancer cells and promotes tumor proliferation and metastasis. Here, we constructed a "Trojan horse" using neutrophils as the carrier (PH-RL@NEs) to prevent the recurrence and metastasis of postoperative breast cancer. Neutrophils, as a "Trojan horse," can quickly respond to postoperative inflammation and accurately deliver drugs to the residual tumor site. The inflammation-triggered "Trojan horse" was then opened to release the liposomes containing the chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel (PTX) and the autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). We found that HCQ could effectively inhibit tumor cell autophagy, interfere with tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and reduce the tumor stem cell-like population. In the orthotopic 4T1 postoperative recurrence models, PTX and HCQ synergistically killed tumors and regulated the stemness of tumor cells, thereby significantly inhibiting tumor recurrence and metastasis. Our work proved that the inhibition of autophagy to reduce tumor stemness is feasible and effective, which opens up a new prospect for postoperative tumor treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The present study aimed to solve the issues of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer and low efficiency of drug administration after surgery. For this purpose, we constructed neutrophils containing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and paclitaxel (PTX) co-loaded liposomes (PH-RL@NEs), which for the first time regulated the stemness of tumor cells by inhibiting autophagy, thereby inhibiting postoperative recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer cells. The results showed that PH-RL@NEs enhanced the targeted drug delivery efficiency, with the help of postoperative inflammation chemotaxis of neutrophils. HCQ effectively inhibited autophagy of tumor cells and reduced tumor stem cell-like cells, thus improving the therapeutic effect in the 4T1 in situ postoperative recurrence model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kebai Ren
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhuping Xu
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuya Zang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Long
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mathur A, Taurin S. What influence does mammographic density have on breast cancer occurrence? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022; 22:445-447. [PMID: 35416087 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2065985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Mathur
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Sebastien Taurin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yong L, Yao Y, Chen GS, Yan XX, Guo YC, Han MY, Xue JS, Jian WZ, Zhou TY. QAP14 suppresses breast cancer stemness and metastasis via activation of dopamine D1 receptor. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1001-1012. [PMID: 34183757 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, mainly due to metastasis, which is strongly associated with cancer stemness. Our previous studies showed that the eradication of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) may be related to the activation of dopamine D1 receptor (D1DR). This study aimed to explicitly demonstrate the target-role of D1DR activation in antimetastatic therapy and to investigate the potential efficacy and the underlying D1DR-related mechanisms of QAP14, a new oral compound. 4T1, MDA-MB-231, and D1DR-knockout 4T1 (4T1-D1DR) cells were selected for in vitro study, while 4T1 and 4T1-D1DR cells were further used to establish a mouse allograft model for in vivo study. Our results showed that D1DR is abundantly expressed in both 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells and that knocking out D1DR in 4T1 cells accelerated migration and invasion in vitro as well as lung metastasis in vivo. QAP14 inhibited colony formation, cell motility, mammosphere formation and CSC frequency, induced CSC apoptosis and D1DR expression, and increased cAMP/cGMP levels. Additionally, QAP14 showed inhibitory effects on tumor growth and lung metastasis with acceptable safety in vivo. Knocking out D1DR almost completely abolished the efficacy, confirming that QAP14 exhibits its anti-CSC and antimetastatic effects through D1DR activation. The underlying mechanisms involved suppression of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway and consequent downregulation of both epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cancer stemness. In summary, our findings suggest a potential candidate compound, QAP14, as well as a potential target, D1DR, for metastatic breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang X, Cao D, Ma W, Gao S, Wen G, Zhong J. Wnt signaling in triple-negative breast cancers: Its roles in molecular subtyping and cancer cell stemness and its crosstalk with non-coding RNAs. Life Sci 2022; 300:120565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
23
|
Feng J, Zhao D, Lv F, Yuan Z. Epigenetic Inheritance From Normal Origin Cells Can Determine the Aggressive Biology of Tumor-Initiating Cells and Tumor Heterogeneity. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221078160. [PMID: 35213254 PMCID: PMC8891845 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221078160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of genetic- and epigenetic-abnormalities during transformation has been recognized as the two fundamental factors that lead to tumorigenesis and determine the aggressive biology of tumor cells. However, there is a regularity that tumors derived from less-differentiated normal origin cells (NOCs) usually have a higher risk of vascular involvement, lymphatic and distant metastasis, which can be observed in both lymphohematopoietic malignancies and somatic cancers. Obviously, the hypothesis of genetic- and epigenetic-abnormalities is not sufficient to explain how the linear relationship between the cellular origin and the biological behavior of tumors is formed, because the cell origin of tumor is an independent factor related to tumor biology. In a given system, tumors can originate from multiple cell types, and tumor-initiating cells (TICs) can be mapped to different differentiation hierarchies of normal stem cells, suggesting that the heterogeneity of the origin of TICs is not completely chaotic. TIC’s epigenome includes not only genetic- and epigenetic-abnormalities, but also established epigenetic status of genes inherited from NOCs. In reviewing previous studies, we found much evidence supporting that the status of many tumor-related “epigenetic abnormalities” in TICs is consistent with that of the corresponding NOC of the same differentiation hierarchy, suggesting that they may not be true epigenetic abnormalities. So, we speculate that the established statuses of genes that control NOC’s migration, adhesion and colonization capabilities, cell-cycle quiescence, expression of drug transporters, induction of mesenchymal formation, overexpression of telomerase, and preference for glycolysis can be inherited to TICs through epigenetic memory and be manifested as their aggressive biology. TICs of different origins can maintain different degrees of innate stemness from NOC, which may explain why malignancies with stem cell phenotypes are usually more aggressive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Feng
- Clinical-Pathology Center, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Youan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Zhao
- Medical Imaging Department, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Youan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fudong Lv
- Clinical-Pathology Center, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Youan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyu Yuan
- Clinical-Pathology Center, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Youan Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Y, Ma L, Hua F, Min Z, Zhan Y, Zhang W, Yao J. Exosomal circCARM1 from spheroids reprograms cell metabolism by regulating PFKFB2 in breast cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:2012-2025. [PMID: 35027669 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are the major obstacle for cancer therapy in clinic. Exosomes are one type of vesicles that containing circular RNA (circRNAs) involved in cell-cell communication. However, the roles of breast CSC (BCSC) exosomes are still unclear, and the purpose of the study was to investigate breast cancer cell metabolism reprogramming by circRNAs from BCSC exosomes. The circRNA array was performed in the exosomes secreted from spheroids of MDA-231 cells. circCARM1 was higher in BCSC exosomes than it in the parent breast cancer cells. Further investigation demonstrated that BCSC exosomes circCARM1 played an important role in breast cancer cell glycolysis by miR-1252-5p/PFKFB2. In a conclusion, BCSC exosome-derived circCARM1 played an important role in breast cancer cell glycolysis by sponging miR-1252-5p which regulated PFKFB2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Liu
- Medical Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li Ma
- Medical Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanli Hua
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Min
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxia Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junxia Yao
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Traberg-Nyborg L, Login FH, Edamana S, Tramm T, Borgquist S, Nejsum LN. Aquaporin-1 in breast cancer. APMIS 2021; 130:3-10. [PMID: 34758159 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The canonical function of aquaporin (AQP) water channels is to facilitate passive transport of water across cellular membranes making them essential in the regulation of body water homeostasis. Moreover, AQPs, including AQP1, have been found to be overexpressed in multiple cancer types, including breast cancer, where AQP1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. AQPs have been shown to affect cellular processes associated with cancer progression and spread including cell migration, angiogenesis, and proliferation. Moreover, AQPs can regulate levels of adhesion proteins at cell-cell junctions, a regulatory role, which is still largely unexplored in cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of how AQP1 contributes to breast cancer progression and metastatic processes is essential to establish AQP1 as a biomarker and to develop targeted anticancer treatments for breast cancer patients. This mini-review focuses on the role of AQP1 in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Traberg-Nyborg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C
| | | | | | - Trine Tramm
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N.,Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N.,Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lene N Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li J, Yu N, Li X, Cui M, Guo Q. The Single-Cell Sequencing: A Dazzling Light Shining on the Dark Corner of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:759894. [PMID: 34745998 PMCID: PMC8566994 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.759894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis refers to the process of clonal dysplasia that occurs due to the collapse of normal growth regulation in cells caused by the action of various carcinogenic factors. These “successful” tumor cells pass on the genetic templates to their generations in evolutionary terms, but they also constantly adapt to ever-changing host environments. A unique peculiarity known as intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) is extensively involved in tumor development, metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune escape. An understanding of ITH is urgently required to identify the diversity and complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME), but achieving this understanding has been a challenge. Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a powerful tool that can gauge the distribution of genomic sequences in a single cell and the genetic variability among tumor cells, which can improve the understanding of ITH. SCS provides fundamental ideas about existing diversity in specific TMEs, thus improving cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction, as well as improving the monitoring of therapeutic response. Herein, we will discuss advances in SCS and review SCS application in tumors based on current evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengna Cui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qie Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Inhibiting Notch activity in breast cancer stem cells by functionalized gold nanoparticles with gamma-secretase inhibitor DAPT and vitamin C. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
28
|
Rosati D, Giordano A. Single-cell RNA sequencing and bioinformatics as tools to decipher cancer heterogenicity and mechanisms of drug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 195:114811. [PMID: 34673017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that cancer is an aggressive disease, often associated with relapse, in many cases due to drug resistance. Cancer stem cell and clonal evolution are frequently causes of innate or acquired drug resistance. Current RNA sequencing technologies do not distinguish gene expression of different cell lineages because they are based on bulk cell studies. Single-cell RNA sequencing technologies and related bioinformatics clustering and differential expression analysis represent a turning point in cancer research. They are emerging as essential tools for dissecting tumors at single-cell resolution and represent novel tools to understand carcinogenesis and drug response. In this review, we will outline the role of these new technologies in addressing cancer heterogeneity and cell lineage-dependent drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Rosati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu HJ, Chu PY. Epigenetic Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells Contributing to Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158113. [PMID: 34360879 PMCID: PMC8348144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer has remained the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous and phenotypically diverse group of diseases, which require different selection of treatments. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), a small subset of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties, play essential roles in breast cancer progression, recurrence, metastasis, chemoresistance and treatments. Epigenetics is defined as inheritable changes in gene expression without alteration in DNA sequence. Epigenetic regulation includes DNA methylation and demethylation, as well as histone modifications. Aberrant epigenetic regulation results in carcinogenesis. In this review, the mechanism of epigenetic regulation involved in carcinogenesis, therapeutic resistance and metastasis of BCSCs will be discussed, and finally, the therapies targeting these biomarkers will be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Ju Wu
- Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lukang Town, Changhua 505, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua 510, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975611855; Fax: +886-47227116
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Khan S, Suryavanshi M, Kaur J, Nayak D, Khurana A, Manchanda RK, Tandon C, Tandon S. Stem cell therapy: A paradigm shift in breast cancer treatment. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:841-860. [PMID: 34367480 PMCID: PMC8316873 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As per the latest Globocan statistics, the high prevalence rate of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries has led to it becoming the most common cancer to be diagnosed, hence posing a major public health challenge. As per this data, more than 11.7% of the estimated new cancer cases in 2020 were due to breast cancer. A small but significant subpopulation of cells with self- renewing ability are present in the tumor stroma and have been given the nomenclature of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells display a high degree of plasticity owing to their ability to transition from the slowly cycling quiescent phase to the actively proliferating phenotype. This attribute of CSCs allows them to differentiate into various cell types having diverse functions. Breast CSCs have a pivotal role in development, metastasis, treatment resistance and relapse of breast cancers. This review focuses on the pathways regulating breast CSC maintenance and the current strategies that are being explored for directing the development of novel, targeted, therapeutic approaches for limiting and eradicating this aberrant stem cell population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Khan
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Moushumi Suryavanshi
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi 110085, India
| | - Jasamrit Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Debadatta Nayak
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, New Delhi 110058, India
| | - Anil Khurana
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, New Delhi 110058, India
| | | | - Chanderdeep Tandon
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Simran Tandon
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gao H, Liu Y, Zheng M, Zhao F, Wang H, Yu J, Jiang H, Wang D, Dong Q. Characterization of murine mammary stem/progenitor cells in a D-galactose-induced aging model. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11762-11773. [PMID: 33878032 PMCID: PMC8109064 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Aging plays an important role in many diseases, including breast cancer. Aged mammary stem/progenitor cells are perceived to be the cells of origin in breast tumorigenesis; however, the extensive use of mice who have aged naturally for research is hampered by cost, time, disease complications, and high mortality. In this study, we characterized murine mammary stem/progenitor cells in a D-galactose-induced accelerated aging model and compared them with findings from our earlier study on mice from natural aging. Our results showed that mammary glands in the D-galactose-induced aging model mimic natural aging in terms of pathological changes, epithelial cell composition, and mammary stem/progenitor cell function. These changes are accompanied by elevated inflammatory responses both systemically in the blood and locally in the mammary glands, which is similar in mice who age naturally. Our study for the first time evaluated the mammary glands and mammary stem/progenitor function in a D-galactose-induced aging model in rodents, and our findings suggest that D-galactose treatment can be used as a surrogate to study the role aged stem/progenitor cells play in breast tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.,Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Min Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Hongzhu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Jiajian Yu
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Danhan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Qiaoxiang Dong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.,Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
LncRNAs and microRNAs as Essential Regulators of Stemness in Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030380. [PMID: 33802575 PMCID: PMC7998729 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an aggressive disease with a high incidence in women worldwide. Two decades ago, a controversial hypothesis was proposed that cancer arises from a subpopulation of “tumor initiating cells” or “cancer stem cells-like” (CSC). Today, CSC are defined as small subset of somatic cancer cells within a tumor with self-renewal properties driven by the aberrant expression of genes involved in the maintenance of a stemness-like phenotype. The understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of CSC subpopulation are fundamental in the development and persistence of breast cancer. Nowadays, the hypothesis suggests that genetic and epigenetic alterations give rise to breast cancer stem cells (bCSC), which are responsible for self-renewal, tumor growth, chemoresistance, poor prognosis and low survival in patients. However, the prominence of bCSC, as well as the molecular mechanisms that regulates and promotes the malignant phenotypes, are still poorly understood. The role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes has been recently highlighted by a plethora of studies in breast cancer. These ncRNAs positively or negatively impact on different signaling pathways that govern the cancer hallmarks associated with bCSC, making them attractive targets for therapy. In this review, we present a current summary of the studies on the pivotal roles of lncRNAs and microRNAs in the regulation of genes associated to stemness of bCSC.
Collapse
|