Antecedents of self-reported safety behaviors among commissioning workers in nuclear power plants: The roles of demographics, personality traits and safety attitudes

Enhancing coastal ecosystem resilience: Investigating the interplay between safety criteria and ferry employee's perceptions to address climate change impacts

Coastal ecosystems play an important part in mitigating the effects of climate change. Coastal ecosystems are becoming more susceptible to climate change impacts due to human activities and maritime accidents. The global shipping industry, especially in Southeast Asia, has witnessed numerous accidents, particularly involving passenger ferries, resulting in injuries and fatalities in recent years. In order to mitigate the impact of climate change on coastal ecosystems, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between employees' perceptions of safety criteria and their own safety behaviour on Langkawi Island, Malaysia. A straightforward random sampling technique was employed to collect data from 112 ferry employees aboard Malaysian-registered passenger boats by administering questionnaires. The findings shed light on the strong connection between providing safety instructions for passengers and safety behaviour among ferry workers. Safety instructions should contain climate-related information to successfully address the effects of climate change. The instructions might include guidance on responding to extreme weather events and understanding the potential consequences of sea-level rise on coastal communities. The ferry company staff should also expand their safe behaviour concept to include training and preparation for climate-related incidents. The need to recognise the interconnectedness between climate change, ferry safety and the protection of coastal ecosystems is emphasised in this study. The findings can be utilised by policymakers, regulatory agencies and ferry operators to design holistic policies that improve safety behaviour, minimise maritime mishaps and preserve the long-term sustainability of coastal ecosystems in the face of difficulties posed by climate change.

The Affective Domain, Safety Attitude, and COVID-19 Prevention of Employees in the Petrochemical Industry

The petrochemical industry is relatively strict regarding safety rules in the workplace. The workplace involves high-risk categories that are intolerant of human error. Especially in the current situation with COVID-19, concerns regarding prevention and safety in the workplace have increased. In light of this pandemic, the company must know whether all employees recognize the implementation of COVID-19 prevention. In addition, employee awareness of safety grounded in the affective domain of human thought is lacking. This study investigates the safety attitudes and COVID-19 prevention in the workplace based on the affective domain of employees. A survey questionnaire based on the Likert scale was utilized to collect data from 618 employees in the petrochemical industry. Descriptive analysis and analysis of variance were used to examine the data. The results reveal that employees in the petrochemical industry have a positive degree of responses to COVID-19 prevention, safety attitudes, and the affective domain, regardless of employment characteristics such as gender, age, position, and work experience. This study concludes that a positive affective domain of employees is followed by a positive safety attitude; thus, effective COVID-19 prevention was established in the workplace based on the perspectives and attitudes of the employees.

The Predictors of Unsafe Behaviors among Nuclear Power Plant Workers: An Investigation Integrating Personality, Cognitive and Attitudinal Factors

Unsafe behaviors, such as violations and human errors, have long been recognized as the main causes of accidents in nuclear power plants (NPPs). However, personal factors that influence unsafe behaviors among NPP workers have not been well examined, especially in an integrated model. This study proposes an integrated contextual mediated model to examine personality, cognitive and attitudinal predictors of unsafe behaviors among commissioning workers at NPPs. The model was verified using structural equation modeling technique with survey data from 177 commissioning workers in two Chinese NPPs. Results show that personality traits (i.e., conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness and agreeableness), executive function and safety attitudes exerted significant effects on unsafe behaviors. In addition, the effects of agreeableness and executive function were partly mediated by safety attitudes. Both conscientiousness and neuroticism indirectly influenced unsafe behaviors through the mediating role of executive function. The findings shed light on the design of evidence-based interventions for safety performance in NPPs.

Investigating the Effects of Personality on the Safety Behavior of Gold Mine Workers: A Moderated Mediation Approach

Based on prior research on the relationship between personality and safety behavior, we construct a moderated mediation model that tests the effects of each of the Big Five personality traits (openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism) on the safety behavior of gold miners in Ghana. The model included safety competency as a mediator between the five personality traits and safety behavior. Management commitment to safety was used as a moderator to test the strength of the mediation of safety competency. Data was collected from 344 individuals employed across six large-scale gold mining companies in Ghana using a questionnaire survey. Amos 26 was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis. The hypotheses were tested using Hayes PROCESS macros models 4 and 7 on SPSS 26. Findings show that openness and extraversion have an insignificant direct influence on safety behavior. Neuroticism negatively affects safety behavior. In contrast, conscientiousness and agreeableness positively affect safety behavior. Mediation analysis revealed that safety competency partially mediates the relationships between (1) conscientiousness and safety behavior and (2) agreeableness and safety behavior. The relationship between extraversion and safety behavior is fully mediated by safety competency. Additionally, we discovered that management safety commitment has a significant conditional indirect effect (Index of moderated mediation = 0.168 95% CI = [0.122;0.222]) on the relationship between conscientiousness and safety behavior through safety competency. Management safety commitment also significantly moderated (Index of moderated mediation = 0.075 95% CI = [0.021;0.120]) the relationship between agreeableness and safety behavior through safety competency.

Nursing Students' Knowledge, Personality Traits, and Self-Efficacy Related to Medication Administration Error

BACKGROUND

Nursing education influences medication administration practices, which involve clinical decision making and risk perceptions.

METHOD

This mixed-methods concurrent nested study explored the relationship among knowledge, personality traits, and self-efficacy related to medication administration error in fourth-year, prelicen-sure nursing students (n = 60) who were recruited from three campuses of a large university.

RESULTS

Results indicated low mean knowledge (70.75) and neuroticism (2.44) scores, and high mean self-efficacy and confidence (5.78) and conscientiousness (4.51) scores. Conscientiousness was correlated with both knowledge (r = .271, p = .036) and neuroticism (r = -.313, p = .015). Thematic analysis yielded four themes: nature of risk perceptions, more opportunities to learn, experiences with medication administration error, and intrinsic characteristics influence errors. Convergence was evident in both knowledge and personality data; self-efficacy/confidence and risk perceptions data diverged.

CONCLUSION

Knowledge, personality traits, and self-efficacy appear to influence nursing students' risk perceptions of medication administration error, indicating an area for future research. [J Nurs Educ. 2022;61(7):367-374.].

Nursing students' risk perceptions related to medication administration error: A qualitative study

AIM

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe pre-licensure nursing students' perceptions of risk for medication administration errors in fourth-year baccalaureate student nurses from three campuses at a large central Pennsylvania university.

BACKGROUND

Medication administration errors continue to be a significant safety concern in healthcare settings. Pre-licensure nursing education is a critical time period during which to have an impact on future medication administration practices. Perception of risk influences decision making and behavior, including nursing clinical decision making.

DESIGN

This descriptive, exploratory study involved a qualitative design.

METHODS

A thematic analysis of the qualitative data resulting from 60 individual, in-depth semi-structured interviews was conducted.

RESULTS

The participants offered rich, detailed narratives which revealed the following themes: (1) the nature of risk perceptions, (2) more opportunities to learn, (3) experiences with medication administration error, and (4) intrinsic characteristics influence errors.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings provide a broad description of the nature of student nurse risk perceptions for future medication administration errors. Recommendations for nursing education practice and pedagogy include additional clinical experiences, modified pharmacology curricula and instruction, and expanded simulations involving medication administration error.