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Demos-Davies K, Lawrence J, Coffey J, Morgan A, Ferreira C, Hoeppner LH, Seelig D. Longitudinal Neuropathological Consequences of Extracranial Radiation Therapy in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5731. [PMID: 38891920 PMCID: PMC11171684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a consequence of chemotherapy and extracranial radiation therapy (ECRT). Our prior work demonstrated gliosis in the brain following ECRT in SKH1 mice. The signals that induce gliosis were unclear. Right hindlimb skin from SKH1 mice was treated with 20 Gy or 30 Gy to induce subclinical or clinical dermatitis, respectively. Mice were euthanized at 6 h, 24 h, 5 days, 12 days, and 25 days post irradiation, and the brain, thoracic spinal cord, and skin were collected. The brains were harvested for spatial proteomics, immunohistochemistry, Nanostring nCounter® glial profiling, and neuroinflammation gene panels. The thoracic spinal cords were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Radiation injury to the skin was evaluated by histology. The genes associated with neurotransmission, glial cell activation, innate immune signaling, cell signal transduction, and cancer were differentially expressed in the brains from mice treated with ECRT compared to the controls. Dose-dependent increases in neuroinflammatory-associated and neurodegenerative-disease-associated proteins were measured in the brains from ECRT-treated mice. Histologic changes in the ECRT-treated mice included acute dermatitis within the irradiated skin of the hindlimb and astrocyte activation within the thoracic spinal cord. Collectively, these findings highlight indirect neuronal transmission and glial cell activation in the pathogenesis of ECRT-related CRCI, providing possible signaling pathways for mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Demos-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (J.L.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Jessica Lawrence
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (J.L.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Jessica Coffey
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (J.L.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Amy Morgan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (J.L.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Clara Ferreira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Luke H. Hoeppner
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Davis Seelig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (J.L.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
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Al Othman A, Bagrov D, Rozenberg JM, Glazova O, Skryabin G, Tchevkina E, Mezentsev A, Durymanov M. Retrovirus-like gag protein Arc/Arg3.1 is involved in extracellular-vesicle-mediated mRNA transfer between glioma cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130522. [PMID: 37995879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated (Arc) protein is predominantly expressed in excitatory glutamatergic neurons of vertebrates, where it plays a pivotal role in regulation of synaptic plasticity. Arc protein forms capsid-like particles, which can encapsulate and transfer mRNA in extracellular vesicles (EVs) between hippocampal neurons. Once glioma cell networks actively interact with neurons via paracrine signaling and formation of neurogliomal glutamatergic synapses, we predicted the involvement of Arc in a process of EV-mediated mRNA transfer between glioma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Arc expression in three human glioma cell lines was evaluated by WB and immunocytochemistry. The properties of Arc protein/mRNA-containing EVs produced by glioma cells were analyzed by RT-PCR, TEM, and WB. Flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and fluorescent microscopy were used to show the involvement of Arc in EV-mediated mRNA transfer between glioma cells. RESULTS It was found that human glioma cells can produce EVs containing Arc/Arg3.1 protein and Arc mRNA (or "Arc EVs"). Arc EVs from U87 glioma cells internalize and deliver Arc mRNA to recipient U87 cells, where it is translated into a protein. Arc overexpression significantly increases EV production, alters EV morphology, and enhances intercellular transfer of highly expressed mRNA in glioma cell culture. CONCLUSION These findings indicate involvement of Arc EVs into mRNA transfer between glioma cells that could contribute to tumor progression and affect synaptic plasticity in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Al Othman
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Dmitry Bagrov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia
| | - Julian M Rozenberg
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Olga Glazova
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Gleb Skryabin
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Tchevkina
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandre Mezentsev
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mikhail Durymanov
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia; Department of Radiochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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Chen Y, Wang X, Xiao B, Luo Z, Long H. Mechanisms and Functions of Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein in Synaptic Plasticity. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5738-5754. [PMID: 37338805 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is one of the most important regulators of cognitive functions in the brain regions. As a hub protein, Arc plays different roles in modulating synaptic plasticity. Arc supports the maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) by regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics, while it guides the endocytosis of AMPAR in long-term depression (LTD). Moreover, Arc can self-assemble into capsids, leading to a new way of communicating among neurons. The transcription and translation of the immediate early gene Arc are rigorous procedures guided by numerous factors, and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is considered to regulate the precise timing dynamics of gene expression. Since astrocytes can secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and L-lactate, their unique roles in Arc expression are emphasized. Here, we review the entire process of Arc expression and summarize the factors that can affect Arc expression and function, including noncoding RNAs, transcription factors, and posttranscriptional regulations. We also attempt to review the functional states and mechanisms of Arc in modulating synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, we discuss the recent progress in understanding the roles of Arc in the occurrence of major neurological disorders and provide new thoughts for future research on Arc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Epileptic Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China, 410008
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Epileptic Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China, 410008.
| | - Hongyu Long
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Epileptic Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China, 410008.
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Rajput M, Thakur N. Editorial: Advances in host-pathogen interactions for diseases in animals and birds. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1282110. [PMID: 37766859 PMCID: PMC10520279 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1282110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mrigendra Rajput
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
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Modzelewski A, Gan Chong J, Wang T, He L. Mammalian genome innovation through transposon domestication. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1332-1340. [PMID: 36008480 PMCID: PMC9729749 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of transposons, their sheer abundance in host genomes has puzzled many. While historically viewed as largely harmless 'parasitic' DNAs during evolution, transposons are not a mere record of ancient genome invasion. Instead, nearly every element of transposon biology has been integrated into host biology. Here we review how host genome sequences introduced by transposon activities provide raw material for genome innovation and document the distinct evolutionary path of each species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Modzelewski
- Division of Cellular and Developmental Biology, MCB Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Johnny Gan Chong
- Division of Cellular and Developmental Biology, MCB Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Genetics, Edison Family Center for Genome Science and System Biology, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lin He
- Division of Cellular and Developmental Biology, MCB Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Katayama S, Okahata C, Onozato M, Minami T, Maeshima M, Ogihara K, Yamazaki S, Takahashi Y, Nakamura S. Buckwheat Flour and Its Starch Prevent Age-Related Cognitive Decline by Increasing Hippocampal BDNF Production in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132708. [PMID: 35807886 PMCID: PMC9269199 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Buckwheat is an important pseudo-cereal crop worldwide. This study investigated whether long-term administration of buckwheat can suppress age-related cognitive decline in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. For 26 weeks, 18-week-old male SAMP8 mice were fed a standard diet containing 5% (w/w) buckwheat, Tartary buckwheat, wheat, or rice flour. In the Barnes maze and passive avoidance tests, mice fed buckwheat whole flour (BWF) showed improved cognitive performance compared to those fed a control diet, while no improvement was noticed in case of the other diets. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that BWF and buckwheat outer flour administration increased the abundance of Lactococcus and Ruminiclostridium, respectively, at the genus level. The expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), postsynaptic Arc and PSD95, and the mature neuronal marker NeuN in the hippocampus were increased after BWF administration, which was induced by the activation of the ERK/CREB signaling pathway and histone H3 acetylation. A similar increase in cognitive performance-related hippocampal BDNF expression in SAMP8 mice was observed after the oral administration of starch prepared from BWF. Therefore, the long-term administration of BWF suppresses cognitive decline by increasing hippocampal BDNF production in SAMP8 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Katayama
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan; (C.O.); (S.N.)
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-265-77-1603
| | - Chizuru Okahata
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan; (C.O.); (S.N.)
| | - Masashi Onozato
- Nikkoku Seifun Co., Ltd., 1-16-2 Minamichitose, Nagano 380-0823, Japan; (M.O.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Takaaki Minami
- Nikkoku Seifun Co., Ltd., 1-16-2 Minamichitose, Nagano 380-0823, Japan; (M.O.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Masanaga Maeshima
- Nikkoku Seifun Co., Ltd., 1-16-2 Minamichitose, Nagano 380-0823, Japan; (M.O.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Kazuaki Ogihara
- Nagano Prefecture General Industrial Technology Center, 205-1 Kurita, Nagano 380-0921, Japan; (K.O.); (S.Y.); (Y.T.)
| | - Shinya Yamazaki
- Nagano Prefecture General Industrial Technology Center, 205-1 Kurita, Nagano 380-0921, Japan; (K.O.); (S.Y.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Nagano Prefecture General Industrial Technology Center, 205-1 Kurita, Nagano 380-0921, Japan; (K.O.); (S.Y.); (Y.T.)
| | - Soichiro Nakamura
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan; (C.O.); (S.N.)
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Xu C, Huang H, Zhang M, Zhang P, Li Z, Liu X, Fang M. Methyltransferase-Like 3 Rescues the Amyloid-beta protein-Induced Reduction of Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton Associated Protein Expression via YTHDF1-Dependent N6-Methyladenosine Modification. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:890134. [PMID: 35547627 PMCID: PMC9084913 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.890134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (ARC) is activated by the induction of long-term potentiation and plays an important role in the synaptic plasticity of memory consolidation. Previous studies have shown that abnormal expression of ARC in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) leads to the disturbance of synaptic plasticity. ARC expression is mainly regulated by transcriptional and post-translational modification. However, it is unclear whether N6-methyladenosine (m6A) engages in the epigenetic modification of ARC. The AlzData database was used to analyze the brain of AD patients, and Aβ-induced cell models were used. We revealed that ARC expression was reduced in AD patients and Aβ-induced cell models. There were five m6A modification sites of ARC mRNA that were predicted by the SRAMP database, and ARC mRNA was confirmed as the target gene of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) by MeRIP. Amyloid-beta protein (Aβ) repressed the m6A modification. Knockdown of METTL3 decreased ARC mRNA m6A modification and reduced ARC protein expression, while overexpression of METTL3 rescued ARC expression after Aβ treatment. Knockdown of YTH domain family, member 1 (YTHDF1) decreased ARC protein expression, while the overexpression of YTHDF1 could not rescue the loss of ARC protein expression after 3-deazaadenosine treatment or knockdown of METTL3. Our findings identify that METTL3 rescues the Aβ-induced reduction of ARC expression via YTHDF1-Dependent m6A modification, which suggests an important mechanism of epigenetic alteration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhaoyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanghuang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zezhi Li,
| | - Xueyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Xueyuan Liu,
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Min Fang,
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Kaushik M, Kaushik P, Parvez S. Memory related molecular signatures: The pivots for memory consolidation and Alzheimer's related memory decline. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101577. [PMID: 35104629 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cognitive decline is the major cause of concern due to its 70% more incidence than dementia cases worldwide. Moreover, aging is also the major risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), associated with progressive memory loss. Approx. 13 million people will have Alzheimer-related memory decline by 2050. Learning and memory is the fundamental process of brain functions. However, the mechanism for the same is still under investigation. Thus, it is critical to understand the process of memory consolidation in the brain and extrapolate its understanding to the memory decline mechanism. Research on learning and memory has identified several molecular signatures such as Protein kinase M zeta (PKMζ), Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) crucial for the maintenance and stabilization of long-term memory in the brain. Interestingly, memory decline in AD has also been linked to the abnormality in expressing these memory-related molecular signatures. Hence, in the present consolidated review, we explored the role of these memory-related molecular signatures in long-term memory consolidation. Additionally, the effect of amyloid-beta toxicity on these molecular signatures is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medha Kaushik
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Pooja Kaushik
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Chen Z, Ding Y, Zeng Y, Zhang XP, Chen JY. Dexmedetomidine reduces propofol-induced hippocampal neuron injury by modulating the miR-377-5p/Arc pathway. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:18. [PMID: 35337381 PMCID: PMC8957152 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol and dexmedetomidine (DEX) are widely used in general anesthesia, and exert toxic and protective effects on hippocampal neurons, respectively. The study sought to investigate the molecular mechanisms of DEX-mediated neuroprotection against propofol-induced hippocampal neuron injury in mouse brains. METHODS Hippocampal neurons of mice and HT22 cells were treated with propofol, DEX, and propofol+DEX. In addition, transfection of miR-377-5p mimics or inhibitors was performed in HT22 cells. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by a means of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) or Hochest 33,258 staining; Arc positive expression in hippocampus tissues was detected using a microscope in immunohistochemistry assays; miRNA-377-5p expression was quantified by RT-qPCR; the protein levels of Arc, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B were determined using western blot; Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the viability and apoptotic rate of the neurons; methylation analysis in the miR-377-5p promoter was performed through methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) assay; dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm whether Arc was under targeted regulation of miR-377-5p. RESULTS In the current study, both in vitro and in vivo, propofol treatment induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis and suppressed cell viability. DNMT3A and DNMT3B expression levels were decreased following propofol treatment, resulting in lowered methylation in the miR-377-5p promoter region and then enhanced expression of miR-377-5p, leading to a decrease in the expression of downstream Arc. Conversely, the expression levels of DNMT3A and DNMT3B were increased following DEX treatment, thus methylation in miR-377-5p promoter region was improved, and miR-377-5p expression was decreased, leading to an increase in the expression of downstream Arc. Eventually, DEX pretreatment protected hippocampal neurons against propofol-induced neurotoxicity by recovering the expression levels of DNMT3A, miR-377-5p, and Arc to the normal levels. Additionally, DNMT3A knockdown improved miR-377-5p expression but reduced Arc expression, and DNMT3A overexpression exerted the opposite effects. Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed a binding target between miR-377-5p and Arc 3'UTR. The neuroprotective effect of DEX against propofol-induced neuronal apoptosis was diminished after Arc knockdown. Silencing Arc independently triggered the apoptosis of HT22 cells, which was alleviated through transfection of miR-377-5p inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS DEX reduced propofol-induced hippocampal neuron injury via the miR-377-5p/Arc signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, NO.19 Nonglin Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, NO.19 Nonglin Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Shajin Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xue-Ping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen Anesthesiology Engineering Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, NO. 1017 Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Jian-Yan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, NO.19 Nonglin Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Shajin Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
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Xu C, Zhang M, Zu L, Zhang P, Sun L, Liu X, Fang M. Repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor regulates glutamate receptors and immediate early genes to affect synaptic plasticity. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15569-15579. [PMID: 34106879 PMCID: PMC8221361 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) on the glutamate receptors and immediate early genes (IEGs) in the SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS The genes regulated by REST were screened by bioinformatics between AD patients and the control group. Then, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 10 μM Aβ or REST siRNA/cDNA, and the expressions of synaptic genes and IEGs were detected. Moreover, the protein expression of synaptophysin and PSD-95 was detected by Western blotting in the primary mouse hippocampal neurons. RESULTS Firstly, 464 differentially expressed genes regulated by REST were identified between Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and controls, and REST was closely related to the glutamatergic synapses and long-term potentiation. GRIA1, GRIN2A, GRIN1, and ARC showed significant variations with the changes of REST. Moreover, the loss of REST reduced the expression of synaptophysin and PSD-95, which was related to synaptic plasticity. CONCLUSION REST maintains synaptic plasticity by affecting both glutamate receptors and IEGs, and the imbalance between neural excitation and inhibition mediated by REST compromises neural function, contributing to cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhaoyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lu Zu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Letao Sun
- Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, New York, NY 11530-0701, USA
| | - Xueyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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