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Camargo L, Pacheco-Barrios K, Marques LM, Caumo W, Fregni F. Adaptive and Compensatory Neural Signatures in Fibromyalgia: An Analysis of Resting-State and Stimulus-Evoked EEG Oscillations. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1428. [PMID: 39062001 PMCID: PMC11274211 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate clinical and physiological predictors of brain oscillatory activity in patients with fibromyalgia (FM), assessing resting-state power, event-related desynchronization (ERD), and event-related synchronization (ERS) during tasks. We performed a cross-sectional analysis, including clinical and neurophysiological data from 78 subjects with FM. Multivariate regression models were built to explore predictors of electroencephalography bands. Our findings show a negative correlation between beta oscillations and pain intensity; fibromyalgia duration is positively associated with increased oscillatory power at low frequencies and in the beta band; ERS oscillations in the theta and alpha bands seem to be correlated with better symptoms of FM; fatigue has a signature in the alpha band-a positive relationship in resting-state and a negative relationship in ERS oscillations. Specific neural signatures lead to potential clusters of neural adaptation, in which beta oscillatory activity in the resting state represents a more adaptive activity when pain levels are low and stimulus-evoked oscillations at lower frequencies are likely brain compensatory mechanisms. These neurophysiological changes may help to understand the impact of long-term chronic pain in the central nervous system and the descending inhibitory system in fibromyalgia subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Camargo
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (L.C.); (K.P.-B.)
| | - Kevin Pacheco-Barrios
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (L.C.); (K.P.-B.)
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15024, Peru
| | - Lucas M. Marques
- Mental Health Department, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01238-010, Brazil;
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (L.C.); (K.P.-B.)
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2
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Arnold CA, Bagg MK, Harvey AR. The psychophysiology of music-based interventions and the experience of pain. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1361857. [PMID: 38800683 PMCID: PMC11122921 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1361857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In modern times there is increasing acceptance that music-based interventions are useful aids in the clinical treatment of a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions, including helping to reduce the perception of pain. Indeed, the belief that music, whether listening or performing, can alter human pain experiences has a long history, dating back to the ancient Greeks, and its potential healing properties have long been appreciated by indigenous cultures around the world. The subjective experience of acute or chronic pain is complex, influenced by many intersecting physiological and psychological factors, and it is therefore to be expected that the impact of music therapy on the pain experience may vary from one situation to another, and from one person to another. Where pain persists and becomes chronic, aberrant central processing is a key feature associated with the ongoing pain experience. Nonetheless, beneficial effects of exposure to music on pain relief have been reported across a wide range of acute and chronic conditions, and it has been shown to be effective in neonates, children and adults. In this comprehensive review we examine the various neurochemical, physiological and psychological factors that underpin the impact of music on the pain experience, factors that potentially operate at many levels - the periphery, spinal cord, brainstem, limbic system and multiple areas of cerebral cortex. We discuss the extent to which these factors, individually or in combination, influence how music affects both the quality and intensity of pain, noting that there remains controversy about the respective roles that diverse central and peripheral processes play in this experience. Better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie music's impact on pain perception together with insights into central processing of pain should aid in developing more effective synergistic approaches when music therapy is combined with clinical treatments. The ubiquitous nature of music also facilitates application from the therapeutic environment into daily life, for ongoing individual and social benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A. Arnold
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Caulfield Pain Management and Research Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew K. Bagg
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Alan R. Harvey
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences and Conservatorium of Music, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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3
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Coll MP, Walden Z, Bourgoin PA, Taylor V, Rainville P, Robert M, Nguyen DK, Jolicoeur P, Roy M. Pain reflects the informational value of nociceptive inputs. Pain 2024:00006396-990000000-00595. [PMID: 38713801 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pain perception and its modulation are fundamental to human learning and adaptive behavior. This study investigated the hypothesis that pain perception is tied to pain's learning function. Thirty-one participants performed a threat conditioning task where certain cues were associated with a possibility of receiving a painful electric shock. The cues that signaled potential pain or safety were regularly changed, requiring participants to continually establish new associations. Using computational models, we quantified participants' pain expectations and prediction errors throughout the task and assessed their relationship with pain perception and electrophysiological responses. Our findings suggest that subjective pain perception increases with prediction error, that is, when pain was unexpected. Prediction errors were also related to physiological nociceptive responses, including the amplitude of nociceptive flexion reflex and electroencephalography markers of cortical nociceptive processing (N1-P2-evoked potential and gamma-band power). In addition, higher pain expectations were related to increased late event-related potential responses and alpha/beta decreases in amplitude during cue presentation. These results further strengthen the idea of a crucial link between pain and learning and suggest that understanding the influence of learning mechanisms in pain modulation could help us understand when and why pain perception is modulated in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel-Pierre Coll
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Zoey Walden
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Veronique Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Pierre Rainville
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Stomatology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Manon Robert
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dang Khoa Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Jolicoeur
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Roy
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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4
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Li Z, Zhang L, Zhang F, Yue L, Hu L. Deciphering Authentic Nociceptive Thalamic Responses in Rats. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0348. [PMID: 38617991 PMCID: PMC11014087 DOI: 10.34133/research.0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The thalamus and its cortical connections play a pivotal role in pain information processing, yet the exploration of its electrophysiological responses to nociceptive stimuli has been limited. Here, in 2 experiments we recorded neural responses to nociceptive laser stimuli in the thalamic (ventral posterior lateral nucleus and medial dorsal nucleus) and cortical regions (primary somatosensory cortex [S1] and anterior cingulate cortex) within the lateral and medial pain pathways. We found remarkable similarities in laser-evoked brain responses that encoded pain intensity within thalamic and cortical regions. Contrary to the expected temporal sequence of ascending information flow, the recorded thalamic response (N1) was temporally later than its cortical counterparts, suggesting that it may not be a genuine thalamus-generated response. Importantly, we also identified a distinctive component in the thalamus, i.e., the early negativity (EN) occurring around 100 ms after the onset of nociceptive stimuli. This EN component represents an authentic nociceptive thalamic response and closely synchronizes with the directional information flow from the thalamus to the cortex. These findings underscore the importance of isolating genuine thalamic neural responses, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the thalamic function in pain processing. Additionally, these findings hold potential clinical implications, particularly in the advancement of closed-loop neuromodulation treatments for neurological diseases targeting this vital brain region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Fengrui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Lupeng Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Li Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
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Withey SL, Pizzagalli DA, Bergman J. Translational In Vivo Assays in Behavioral Biology. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:435-453. [PMID: 37708432 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-093711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The failure of preclinical research to advance successful candidate medications in psychiatry has created a paradigmatic crisis in psychiatry. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative was designed to remedy this situation with a neuroscience-based approach that employs multimodal and cross-species in vivo methodology to increase the probability of translational findings and, consequently, drug discovery. The present review underscores the feasibility of this methodological approach by briefly reviewing, first, the use of multidimensional and cross-species methodologies in traditional behavioral pharmacology and, subsequently, the utility of this approach in contemporary neuroimaging and electrophysiology research-with a focus on the value of functionally homologous studies in nonhuman and human subjects. The final section provides a brief review of the RDoC, with a focus on the potential strengths and weaknesses of its domain-based underpinnings. Optimistically, this mechanistic and multidimensional approach in neuropsychiatric research will lead to novel therapeutics for the management of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Withey
- Preclinical Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Diego A Pizzagalli
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jack Bergman
- Preclinical Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Zhuang Y, Zhao K, Fu X. The temporal effect of uncertain context on the perceptual processing of painful and non-painful stimulation. Biol Psychol 2024; 185:108729. [PMID: 38092220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Uncertainty has been demonstrated to influence the perception of noxious stimuli, but little is known about the effects of prolonged uncertain contexts on the perception of painful and non-painful stimuli. To address this knowledge gap, the present study utilized a cue-based NPU-threat task, where uncertain and certain trials were separated into distinct blocks. The objective was to investigate the impact of uncertain contexts on the temporal dynamics of electroencephalogram (EEG) activity during the processing of painful and non-painful stimuli. The results revealed that the influence of uncertain contexts on neural responses extends beyond painful trials and is also evident in non-painful trials. In uncertain contexts, it has been observed that painful stimuli elicit larger P2 amplitudes and late beta band (13-30 Hz) event-related desynchronization (ERD) around 500-700 ms. However, in certain contexts, painful stimuli evoke stronger late gamma band (50-70 Hz) event-related synchronization (ERS) around 600-700 ms. For non-painful trials, in uncertain contexts, significantly higher amplitudes of the late positive potential (LPP) component and delta-theta band (2-7 Hz) ERS were observed compared to certain non-painful stimuli. These findings demonstrate that uncertain contexts exert a significant impact on the processing of both painful and non-painful stimuli, and this influence is mediated by distinct neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiaolan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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7
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Chowdhury NS, Chiang AKI, Millard SK, Skippen P, Chang WJ, Seminowicz DA, Schabrun SM. Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography reveals alterations in cortical excitability during pain. eLife 2023; 12:RP88567. [PMID: 37966464 PMCID: PMC10651174 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to examine inhibitory and facilitatory circuits during experimental pain and in chronic pain populations. However, current applications of TMS to pain have been restricted to measurements of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from peripheral muscles. Here, TMS was combined with electroencephalography (EEG) to determine whether experimental pain could induce alterations in cortical inhibitory/facilitatory activity observed in TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). In Experiment 1 (n=29), multiple sustained thermal stimuli were administered to the forearm, with the first, second, and third block of thermal stimuli consisting of warm but non-painful (pre-pain block), painful (pain block) and warm but non-painful (post-pain block) temperatures, respectively. During each stimulus, TMS pulses were delivered while EEG (64 channels) was simultaneously recorded. Verbal pain ratings were collected between TMS pulses. Relative to pre-pain warm stimuli, painful stimuli led to an increase in the amplitude of the frontocentral negative peak ~45 ms post-TMS (N45), with a larger increase associated with higher pain ratings. Experiments 2 and 3 (n=10 in each) showed that the increase in the N45 in response to pain was not due to changes in sensory potentials associated with TMS, or a result of stronger reafferent muscle feedback during pain. This is the first study to use combined TMS-EEG to examine alterations in cortical excitability in response to pain. These results suggest that the N45 TEP peak, which indexes GABAergic neurotransmission, is implicated in pain perception and is a potential marker of individual differences in pain sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahian Shahmat Chowdhury
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Alan KI Chiang
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Samantha K Millard
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Patrick Skippen
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
| | - Wei-Ju Chang
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of NewcastleCallaghanAustralia
| | - David A Seminowicz
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
| | - Siobhan M Schabrun
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- The Gray Centre for Mobility and Activity, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
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8
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Chowdhury NS, Chiang AKI, Millard SK, Skippen P, Chang WJ, Seminowicz DA, Schabrun SM. Alterations in cortical excitability during pain: A combined TMS-EEG Study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.20.537735. [PMID: 37131586 PMCID: PMC10153239 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.20.537735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to examine inhibitory and facilitatory circuits during experimental pain and in chronic pain populations. However, current applications of TMS to pain have been restricted to measurements of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from peripheral muscles. Here, TMS was combined with electroencephalography (EEG) to determine whether experimental pain could induce alterations in cortical inhibitory/facilitatory activity observed in TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). In Experiment 1 (n = 29), multiple sustained thermal stimuli were administered to the forearm, with the first, second and third block of thermal stimuli consisting of warm but non-painful (pre-pain block), painful (pain block) and warm but non-painful (post-pain block) temperatures respectively. During each stimulus, TMS pulses were delivered while EEG (64 channels) was simultaneously recorded. Verbal pain ratings were collected between TMS pulses. Relative to pre-pain warm stimuli, painful stimuli led to an increase in the amplitude of the frontocentral negative peak ~45ms post-TMS (N45), with a larger increase associated with higher pain ratings. Experiments 2 and 3 (n = 10 in each) showed that the increase in the N45 in response to pain was not due to changes in sensory potentials associated with TMS, or a result of stronger reafferent muscle feedback during pain. This is the first study to use combined TMS-EEG to examine alterations in cortical excitability in response to pain. These results suggest that the N45 TEP peak, which indexes GABAergic neurotransmission, is implicated in pain perception and is a potential marker of individual differences in pain sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahian S Chowdhury
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alan KI Chiang
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha K Millard
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick Skippen
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wei-Ju Chang
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David A Seminowicz
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Siobhan M Schabrun
- Center for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Gray Centre for Mobility and Activity, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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9
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Li Y, Yang B, Wang Z, Huang R, Lu X, Bi X, Zhou S. EEG assessment of brain dysfunction for patients with chronic primary pain and depression under auditory oddball task. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1133834. [PMID: 37034156 PMCID: PMC10079993 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1133834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2019, the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) put forward a new concept of "chronic primary pain" (CPP), a kind of chronic pain characterized by severe functional disability and emotional distress, which is a medical problem that deserves great attention. Although CPP is closely related to depressive disorder, its potential neural characteristics are still unclear. This paper collected EEG data from 67 subjects (23 healthy subjects, 22 patients with depression, and 22 patients with CPP) under the auditory oddball paradigm, systematically analyzed the brain network connection matrix and graph theory characteristic indicators, and classified the EEG and PLI matrices of three groups of people by frequency band based on deep learning. The results showed significant differences in brain network connectivity between CPP patients and depressive patients. Specifically, the connectivity within the frontoparietal network of the Theta band in CPP patients is significantly enhanced. The CNN classification model of EEG is better than that of PLI, with the highest accuracy of 85.01% in Gamma band in former and 79.64% in Theta band in later. We propose hyperexcitability in attentional control in CPP patients and provide a novel method for objective assessment of chronic primary pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhe Li
- School of Medicine, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Research Center of Brain Computer Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Banghua Yang
- School of Medicine, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Research Center of Brain Computer Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Shaonao Sensing Technology Ltd., Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Banghua Yang,
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Hongkou Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruyan Huang
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Hongkou Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Bi
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Xiaoying Bi,
| | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Shu Zhou,
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