Nagasawa K, Matsumura K, Uchida T, Suzuki Y, Nishimura A, Okubo M, Igeta Y, Kobayashi T, Sakurai T, Mori Y. Global cognition and executive functions of older adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus without dementia.
J Diabetes Investig 2024;
15:922-930. [PMID:
38525910 PMCID:
PMC11215676 DOI:
10.1111/jdi.14191]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION
This study aimed to characterize the global cognition and executive functions of older adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus in comparison with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study included 37 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged ≥65 years and 37 age- and sex-matched patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with dementia scoring <24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination were excluded. General cognition, memory, classic, and practical executive function were investigated.
RESULTS
Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus demonstrated lower psychomotor speed scores on Trail Making Tests A and B (P < 0.001, P < 0.013) than those with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The dysexecutive syndrome behavioral assessment revealed similar results in patients with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. The Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised verbal episodic memory and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Japanese version were similar in terms of general cognition, but worse delayed recall subset on the latter was associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.038). A worse Trail Making Test-A performance was associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus and age (P < 0.004, P < 0.029).
CONCLUSIONS
Executive function of psychomotor speed was worse in older outpatient adults without dementia with type 1 diabetes mellitus than in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus but with no significant differences in the comprehensive and practical behavioral assessment of dysexecutive syndrome. Patients with type 1 diabetes had more severely impaired executive function, whereas those with type 2 had greater impaired memory than executive function.
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