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Simpson JB, Walker ME, Sekela JJ, Ivey SM, Jariwala PB, Storch CM, Kowalewski ME, Graboski AL, Lietzan AD, Walton WG, Davis KA, Cloer EW, Borlandelli V, Hsiao YC, Roberts LR, Perlman DH, Liang X, Overkleeft HS, Bhatt AP, Lu K, Redinbo MR. Gut microbial β-glucuronidases influence endobiotic homeostasis and are modulated by diverse therapeutics. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:925-944.e10. [PMID: 38754417 PMCID: PMC11176022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Hormones and neurotransmitters are essential to homeostasis, and their disruptions are connected to diseases ranging from cancer to anxiety. The differential reactivation of endobiotic glucuronides by gut microbial β-glucuronidase (GUS) enzymes may influence interindividual differences in the onset and treatment of disease. Using multi-omic, in vitro, and in vivo approaches, we show that germ-free mice have reduced levels of active endobiotics and that distinct gut microbial Loop 1 and FMN GUS enzymes drive hormone and neurotransmitter reactivation. We demonstrate that a range of FDA-approved drugs prevent this reactivation by intercepting the catalytic cycle of the enzymes in a conserved fashion. Finally, we find that inhibiting GUS in conventional mice reduces free serotonin and increases its inactive glucuronide in the serum and intestines. Our results illuminate the indispensability of gut microbial enzymes in sustaining endobiotic homeostasis and indicate that therapeutic disruptions of this metabolism promote interindividual response variabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Morgan E Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joshua J Sekela
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samantha M Ivey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Parth B Jariwala
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cameron M Storch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark E Kowalewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amanda L Graboski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam D Lietzan
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William G Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kacey A Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erica W Cloer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valentina Borlandelli
- Department of Bioorganic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yun-Chung Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lee R Roberts
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - David H Perlman
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Xue Liang
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Hermen S Overkleeft
- Department of Bioorganic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aadra P Bhatt
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Matthew R Redinbo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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2
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Huang Y, Li J, Bian C, Li R, You X, Shi Q. Evolutionary Genomics Reveals Multiple Functions of Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase in Fish. Front Genet 2022; 13:820442. [PMID: 35664299 PMCID: PMC9160868 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.820442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important hormone, melatonin participates in endocrine regulation of diverse functions in vertebrates. Its biosynthesis is catalyzed by four cascaded enzymes, among them, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) is the most critical one. Although only single aanat gene has been identified in most groups of vertebrates, researchers including us have determined that fish have the most diverse of aanat genes (aanat1a, aanat1b, and aanat2), playing various potential roles such as seasonal migration, amphibious aerial vision, and cave or deep-sea adaptation. With the rapid development of genome and transcriptome sequencing, more and more putative sequences of fish aanat genes are going to be available. Related phylogeny and functional investigations will enrich our understanding of AANAT functions in various fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Huang, ; Qiong Shi,
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chao Bian
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruihan Li
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinxin You
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Huang, ; Qiong Shi,
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3
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Mondal G, Dharmajyoti Devi S, Khan ZA, Yumnamcha T, Rajiv C, Sanjita Devi H, Chattoraj A. The influence of feeding on the daily rhythm of mRNA expression on melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes and clock associated genes in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) gut. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1905989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Mondal
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Sijagurumayum Dharmajyoti Devi
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Thangal Yumnamcha
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Chongtham Rajiv
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Haobijam Sanjita Devi
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Asamanja Chattoraj
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, India
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Yasmin F, Sutradhar S, Das P, Mukherjee S. Gut melatonin: A potent candidate in the diversified journey of melatonin research. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 303:113693. [PMID: 33309697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
After being discovered from the bovine pineal gland by Aaron Lerner and co-workers in the year 1958, various distinguished researchers have reported melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyl-tryptamine) from several extra-pineal sources, including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In the year 1974, Raikhlin and Kvetnoy first detected this molecule in the gastrointestinal tissue. Later, within the last 45 years, many renowned investigators found that the GIT is a rich source of melatonin, in addition to the pineal gland. In the carp gut, the estimation of Arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) mRNA/protein levels, which is the rate-determining enzyme for melatonin biosynthesis in the pineal gland, confirmed the endogenous synthesis of melatonin. The remarkable feature of the pineal gland melatonin is its rhythmic synthesis with a peak at dark-phase and lowest at light-phase in synchronization with seasonal environmental light-dark (LD) cycle. Recent studies on carp demonstrated that the melatonin concentrations and the AANAT protein intensities in different gut segments underwent significant daily fluctuations. However, compared to the melatonin rhythm in the pineal gland, the melatonin profiles in gut tissue displayed daily rhythm in parallel with the feeding cycle of the carp, irrespective of LD conditions of the environment. Notably, in carp, the temporal pattern of the gut melatoninergic system found to vary with the environmental non-photic signal(s), such as food entrainment factors (viz. availability of food, timing of food supply, number(s) of feed per day, quality of food) those act as the most dependable synchronizer(s) in daily rhythm characteristics of gut melatonin and AANAT. Thereby in this review, it appears meaningful to highlight the existing data on the mode of synthesis of melatonin in cells of the digestive tract, and most importantly, the regulation of its synthesis. Finally, in comparison with the dynamic actions of melatonin derived from the pineal gland, this review will lead to underline the role of gut-derived melatonin in a variety of physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farha Yasmin
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India
| | - Sona Sutradhar
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India
| | - Poulami Das
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India
| | - Sourav Mukherjee
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
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Zhu G, Qian M, Lu L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Wu Q, Liu Y, Bian Z, Yang Y, Guo S, Wang J, Pan Q, Sun F. O-GlcNAcylation of YY1 stimulates tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer cells by targeting SLC22A15 and AANAT. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:1121-1131. [PMID: 30715269 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have revealed that O-GlcNAcylation plays pivotal roles in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancers (CRCs). However, the underlying mechanism still remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that Yin Yang 1 (YY1) was O-GlcNAcylated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcylation of YY1 could increase the protein expression by enhancing its stability. O-GlcNAcylation facilitated transformative phenotypes of CRC cell in a YY1-dependent manner. Also, O-GlcNAcylation stimulates YY1-dependent transcriptional activity. Besides, we also identified the oncoproteins, SLC22A15 and AANAT, which were regulated by YY1 directly, are responsible for the YY1 stimulated tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we identified the main putative O-GlcNAc site of YY1 at Thr236, and mutating of this site decreased the pro-tumorigenic capacities of YY1. We concluded that O-GlcNAcylation of YY1 stimulates tumorigenesis in CRC cells by targeting SLC22A15 and AANAT, suggesting that YY1 O-GlcNAcylation might be a potential effective therapeutic target for treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingping Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liesheng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixuan Bian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyue Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Susu Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Dongfang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
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6
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Kulczykowska E, Kleszczyńska A, Gozdowska M, Sokołowska E. The time enzyme in melatonin biosynthesis in fish: Day/night expressions of three aralkylamine N -acetyltransferase genes in three-spined stickleback. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 208:46-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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7
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Sanjita Devi H, Rajiv C, Mondal G, Khan ZA, Dharmajyoti Devi S, Yumnamcha T, Bharali R, Chattoraj A. Melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes (Tph1, Aanat1, Aanat2, and Hiomt) and their temporal pattern of expression in brain and gut of a tropical carp in natural environmental conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23312025.2016.1230337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haobijam Sanjita Devi
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India
| | - Chongtham Rajiv
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India
| | - Gopinath Mondal
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India
| | - Sijagurumayum Dharmajyoti Devi
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India
| | - Thangal Yumnamcha
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India
| | - Rupjyoti Bharali
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781 014, Assam, India
| | - Asamanja Chattoraj
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India
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8
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Muñoz-Pérez JL, López-Patiño MA, Álvarez-Otero R, Gesto M, Soengas JL, Míguez JM. Characterization of melatonin synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): distribution, relation with serotonin, daily rhythms and photoperiod regulation. J Comp Physiol B 2016; 186:471-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-016-0966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Li J, You X, Bian C, Yu H, Coon SL, Shi Q. Molecular Evolution of Aralkylamine N-Acetyltransferase in Fish: A Genomic Survey. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 17:E51. [PMID: 26729109 PMCID: PMC4730296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
All living organisms synchronize biological functions with environmental changes; melatonin plays a vital role in regulating daily and seasonal variations. Due to rhythmic activity of the timezyme aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), the blood level of melatonin increases at night and decreases during daytime. Whereas other vertebrates have a single form of AANAT, bony fishes possess various isoforms of aanat genes, though the reasons are still unclear. Here, we have taken advantage of multiple unpublished teleost aanat sequences to explore and expand our understanding of the molecular evolution of aanat in fish. Our results confirm that two rounds of whole-genome duplication (WGD) led to the existence of three fish isoforms of aanat, i.e., aanat1a, aanat1b, and aanat2; in addition, gene loss led to the absence of some forms from certain special fish species. Furthermore, we suggest the different roles of two aanat1s in amphibious mudskippers, and speculate that the loss of aanat1a, may be related to terrestrial vision change. Several important sites of AANAT proteins and regulatory elements of aanat genes were analyzed for structural comparison and functional forecasting, respectively, which provides insights into the molecular evolution of the differences between AANAT1 and AANAT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China.
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Xinxin You
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Chao Bian
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
- BGI-Zhenjiang Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhenjiang 212000, China.
| | - Hui Yu
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China.
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Steven L Coon
- Molecular Genomics Laboratory, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Qiong Shi
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China.
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
- BGI-Zhenjiang Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhenjiang 212000, China.
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Paulin CH, Cazaméa-Catalan D, Zilberman-Peled B, Herrera-Perez P, Sauzet S, Magnanou E, Fuentès M, Gothilf Y, Muñoz-Cueto JA, Falcón J, Besseau L. Subfunctionalization of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferases in the sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax: two-ones for one two. J Pineal Res 2015; 59:354-64. [PMID: 26267754 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an important component of the vertebrates circadian system, synthetized from serotonin by the successive action of the arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (Aanat: serotonin→N-acetylserotonin) and acetylserotonin-O-methyltransferase (Asmt: N-acetylserotonin→melatonin). Aanat is responsible for the daily rhythm in melatonin production. Teleost fish are unique because they express two Aanat genes, aanat1 and aanat2, mainly expressed in the retina and pineal gland, respectively. In silico analysis indicated that the teleost-specific whole-genome duplication generated Aanat1 duplicates (aanat1a and aanat1b); some fish express both of them, while others express either one of the isoforms. Here, we bring the first information on the structure, function, and distribution of Aanat1a and Aanat1b in a teleost, the sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Aanat1a and Aanat1b displayed a wide and distinct distribution in the nervous system and peripheral tissues, while Aanat2 appeared as a pineal enzyme. Co-expression of Aanats with asmt was found in the pineal gland and the three retinal nuclear layers. Enzyme kinetics indicated subtle differences in the affinity and catalytic efficiency of Aanat1a and Aanat1b for indolethylamines and phenylethylamines, respectively. Our data are consistent with the idea that Aanat2 is a pineal enzyme involved in melatonin production, while Aanat1 enzymes have a broader range of functions including melatonin synthesis in the retina, and catabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the retina and other tissues. The data are discussed in light of the recently uncovered roles of N-acetylserotonin and N-acetyldopamine as antioxidants, neuroprotectants, and modulators of cell proliferation and enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles-Hubert Paulin
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Damien Cazaméa-Catalan
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Bina Zilberman-Peled
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences and Sagol School of Neurosciences, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Patricia Herrera-Perez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Sandrine Sauzet
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Elodie Magnanou
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Michael Fuentès
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Yoav Gothilf
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences and Sagol School of Neurosciences, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jose Antonio Muñoz-Cueto
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jack Falcón
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Laurence Besseau
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls/Mer, France
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Tinoco A, Valenciano A, Gómez-Boronat M, Blanco A, Nisembaum L, De Pedro N, Delgado M. Two cholecystokinin receptor subtypes are identified in goldfish, being the CCKAR involved in the regulation of intestinal motility. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 187:193-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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12
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Arnao MB, Hernández-Ruiz J. Phytomelatonin: Searching for Plants with High Levels for Use as a Natural Nutraceutical. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00011-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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